青島大學(xué)外語學(xué)院848英漢互譯與漢語寫作歷年考研真題匯編

目錄

2009年青島大學(xué)外語學(xué)院848英漢互譯

與漢語寫作考研真題

2011年青島大學(xué)外語學(xué)院848英漢互譯

與漢語寫作考研真題

2012年青島大學(xué)外語學(xué)院848英漢互譯

與漢語寫作考研真題

2017年青島大學(xué)外語學(xué)院848英漢互譯

與漢語寫作考研真題

2009年青島大學(xué)外語學(xué)院848英漢互譯與漢語寫作考研真題

PartI.TranslatethefollowingtermsandpassagesintoChinese(60points).

A

1．mythicarchetype

2．Byronichero

3．narratology

4．conflict

5．epiphany

6．Gothicnovel

7．pointofview

8．streamofconsciousness

9．thethreeunities

10．modernism

B

Thepositionofthedramaisdifferent.Thedramamaylooktowardsthe

pictorialarts,itmayallowAristotletodisciplineit,foritisnotsodeeply

committedtotheclaimsofhumanbeings.Humanbeingshavetheirgreat

chanceinthenovel.Theysaytothenovelist:“Recreateusifyoulike,butwe

mustcomein,”andthenovelist’sproblem,aswehaveseenallalong,isto

givethemagoodrunandtoachievesomethingelseatthesametime.

Whithershallheturn?Notindeedofhelpbutforanalogy.Music,thoughit

doesnotemployhumanbeings,thoughitisgovernedbyintricatelaws,

neverthelessdoesofferinitsfinalexpressionatypeofbeautywhichfiction

mightachieveinitsownway.Expansion.Thatistheideathenovelistmust

clingto.Notcompletion.Notroundingoffbutopeningout.Whenthe

symphonyisoverwefeelthatthenotesandtunescomposingithavebeen

liberated,theyhavefoundintherhythmofthewholetheirindividual

freedom.Cannotthenovelbelikethat?

C

Wesleep,andatlengthawaketothestillrealityofawintermorning.The

snowlieswarmascottonordownuponthewindowsill;thebroadenedsash

andfrostedpanesadmitadimandprivatelight,whichenhancesthesnug

cheerwithin.Thestillnessofthemorningisimpressive.Thefloorcreaks

underourfeetaswemovetowardthewindowtolookabroadthroughsome

clearspaceoverthefields.Weseetheroofsstandundertheirsnowburden.

Fromtheeavesandfenceshangstalactitesofsnow,andintheyardstand

stalagmitescoveringsomeconcealedcore.Thetreesandshrubsrearwhite

armstotheskyoneveryside;andwherewerewallsandfences,wesee

fantasticformsstretchinginfrolicgambolsacrosstheduskylandscape,asif

naturehadstrewnherfreshdesignsoverthefieldsbynightasmodelsfor

man’sart.

D

Rainwasfallingonthechapel,onthegarden,onthecollege.Itwouldrain

forever,noiselessly.Thewaterwouldriseinchbyinch,coveringthegrass

andshrubs,coveringthetreesandhouses,coveringthemonumentsandthe

mountaintops.Alllifewouldbechokedoff,noiselessly:birds,men,

elephants,pigs,children;noiselesslyfloatingcorpsesamidthelitterofthe

wreckageoftheworld.Fortydaysandfortynightstherainwouldfalltillthe

waterscoveredthefaceoftheearth.

Towardsdawnheawoke.Owhatsweetmusic!Hissoulwasalldewywet.

Overhislimbsinsleeppalecoolwavesoflighthadpassed.Helaystill,asif

hissoullayamidcoolwaters,consciousoffaintsweetmusic.Hismindwas

wakingslowlytoatremulousmorningknowledge,amorninginspiration.A

spiritfilledhim,pureasthepurestwater,sweetasdew,movingasmusic.

PartII.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish(40points).

我以為世間最寶貴的就是“今”，最易喪失的也是“今”。因?yàn)樗钊菀讍?/p>

失，所以更覺得他可以寶貴。

為甚么“今”最可寶貴呢？最好借哲人耶曼孫所說的話答這個(gè)疑問：“爾

若愛千古，爾當(dāng)愛現(xiàn)在。昨日不能喚回來，明天還不確實(shí)，爾能確有把

握的就是今日。今日一天，當(dāng)明日兩天?！?/p>

為什么“今”最易喪失呢？因?yàn)橛钪娲蠡炭塘鬓D(zhuǎn)，決不停留。時(shí)間這個(gè)

東西，也不因?yàn)槲崛速F他愛他稍稍在人間留戀。試問吾人說“今”說“現(xiàn)

在”，茫茫百千萬劫，究竟哪一剎那是吾人的“今”，是吾人的“現(xiàn)

在”呢？剛剛說他是“今”是“現(xiàn)在”，他早已風(fēng)馳電掣的一般，已成“過

去”了。吾人若要糊糊涂涂把他丟掉，豈不可惜？

有的哲學(xué)家說，時(shí)間但有“過去”與“未來”，并無“現(xiàn)在”。有的又說“過

去”“未來”皆是“現(xiàn)在”。我以為“過去未來皆是現(xiàn)在”的話倒有些道理。

……

我請(qǐng)以最簡明的一句話寫出這篇的意思來：

吾人在世，不可厭“今”而徒回思“過去”，夢(mèng)想“將來”，以耗誤“現(xiàn)在”的

努力；又不可以“今”境自足，毫不拿出“現(xiàn)在”的努力，謀“將來”的發(fā)

展。宜善用“今”，以努力為“將來”之創(chuàng)造。由“今”所造的功德罪孽，永

久不滅。故人生本務(wù)，在隨實(shí)在之進(jìn)行，為后人造大功德。

PartIII.Composition(50points)

Writeanarticleentitled“IWrite,ThereforeIAm”(《我寫故我在》)in

Chinese.

2011年青島大學(xué)外語學(xué)院848英漢互譯與漢語寫作考研真題

PartI.TranslatethefollowingtermsandpassagesintoChinese(60points).

A

1．setting

2．plot

3．pointofview

4．flatcharacter

5．dramaticmonologue

6．blackhumor

7．tragicomedy

8．expressionism

9．lostgeneration

10．streamofconsciousness

B

Thespecialityofthenovelisthatthewritercantalkabouthischaractersas

wellasthroughthem,orcanarrangeforustolistenwhentheytalkto

themselves.Hehasaccesstoself-communings,andfromthatlevelhecan

descendevendeeperandpeerintothesubconscious.Amandoesnottalkto

himselfquitetruly—noteventohimself;thehappinessormiserythathe

secretlyfeelsproceedsfromcausesthathecannotquiteexplain,becauseas

soonasheraisesthemtotheleveloftheexplicabletheylosetheirnative

quality.Thenovelisthasarealpullhere.Hecanshowthesubconscious

short-circuitingstraightintoaction(thedramatistcandothistoo);hecanalso

showitinitsrelationtosoliloquy.Hecommandsallthesecretlife,andhe

mustnotberobbedofhisprivilege.

C

...Therethemeadowsarealllawnswiththelustrousgreenofspringevenin

August,andoftenover-shadowedbyold,fruit-trees—cherry,orapple,or

pear;andonSundayaftertheraintherewasanAprilgloryandfreshness

addedtothequietofthelatersummer.Nowhereandneverintheworldcan

therehavebeenadeeperpeace;andthebellsfromthelittleredchurchdown

bytheriverseemedtobethemusicofit,asthesongofbirdsisthemusicof

spring.Thereonesawhowbeautifulthelifeofmancanbe,andhowmenby

theinnocentlaborsofmanygenerationscangivetotheearthabeautyithas

neverknowninitswildness.Andallthispeace,oneknew,wasthreatened;

andthethreatcameintoone'smindasifitwereasoundlessmessagefrom

overthegreateastwardplain;andwithitthebeautyseemedunsubstantial

andstrange,asifitweresinkingawayintothepast,asifitwereonlya

memoryofchildhood.

D

“Hispride,”saidMissLucas,“doesnotoffendmesomuchasprideoften

does,becausethereisanexcuseforit.Onecannotwonderthatsoveryfinea

youngman,withfamily,fortune,everythinginhisfavor,shouldthinkhighly

ofhimself.IfImaysoexpressit,hehasarighttobeproud.”

“Thatisverytrue,”repliedElizabeth,“andIcouldeasilyforgivehispride,if

hehadnotmortifiedmine.”

“Pride,”observedMary,whopiquedherselfuponthesolidityofher

reflections,“isaverycommonfailingIbelieve.

ByallthatIhaveeverread,Iamconvincedthatitisverycommonindeed,

thathumannatureisparticularlypronetoit,andthatthereareveryfewofus

whodonotcherishafeelingofself-complacencyonthescoreofsome

qualityorother,realorimaginary.Vanityandpridearedifferentthings,

thoughthewordsareoftenusedsynonymously.Apersonmaybeproud

withoutbeingvain.Priderelatesmoretoouropinionofourselves,vanityto

whatwewouldhaveothersthinkofus.”

PartII.TranslatethefollowingpassagesintoEnglish(40points).

我對(duì)于海，好像著了魔似的一天比一天迷戀起來，我愛它，甚至一天也

不能離開它。有時(shí)清早起來便奔向海濱，迎接血紅的太陽由海邊升起；

有時(shí)特地在陽光將要落山的時(shí)候，去領(lǐng)略海灘的黃昏滋味。我更愛看矗

立在海中央的燈塔，我佩服那守?zé)羲娜?，他每天機(jī)械地守住自己的崗

位，給與往來的航行者一種光明的指示；假若沒有他，這海面將被黑暗

所包圍，來往的船只，隨時(shí)都有觸著暗礁的危險(xiǎn)。

我愛海，我愿意將來有那么一天，筑兩間茅屋在海濱，整天聽柔風(fēng)和海

濤蜜語，看海水吻著海灘；如果那時(shí)我還有痛苦的話，（其實(shí)，我知

道，痛苦會(huì)永遠(yuǎn)地跟隨著我的。）我可以悄悄地投進(jìn)海的懷抱，讓雄壯

的海濤，為我奏著挽歌，溫柔的海風(fēng)，輕輕地?fù)崦腋≡诒滩ㄉ系氖?/p>

體；月兒和星星放出慈祥的光輝為我追悼。就這樣，悄悄地沒有一個(gè)人

知道，除了月亮，星光，風(fēng)和海，我離開了這苦惱的人間，該是多么

美，多么快樂……

PartIII.Composition(50points).

Writeanarticleentitled“ToReadClassicsandtoHaveDialogueswith

Masters”(《閱讀經(jīng)典，與大師對(duì)話》)inChinese.

2012年青島大學(xué)外語學(xué)院848英漢互譯與漢語寫作考研真題

PartI.TranslatethefollowingtermsandpassagesintoChinese(50points).

A

1．puritanism

2．synecdoche

3．a(chǎn)lliteration

4．naturalism

5．renaissance

6．impliedreader

7．heroiccouplet

8．sonnet

9．neoclassicism

10．streamofconsciousness

B

Theidearunningthroughtheselecturesisbynowplainenough:thatthereare

inthenoveltwoforces:humanbeingsandabundleofvariousthingsnot

humanbeings,andthatitisthenovelist’sbusinesstoadjustthesetwoforces

andconciliatetheirclaims.Thatisplainenough,butdoesitrunthroughthe

noveltoo?Perhapsoursubject,namelythebookswehaveread,hasstolen

awayfromuswhilewetheorize,likeashadowfromanascendingbird.The

birdisallright—itclimbs,itisconsistentandeminent.Theshadowisall

right—ithasflickeredacrossroadsandgardens.Butthetwothingsresemble

oneanotherlessandless,theydonottouchastheydidwhenthebirdrested

itstoesontheground.Criticism,especiallyacriticalcourse,issomisleading.

Howeverloftyitsintentionsandsounditsmethod,itssubjectslidesaway

frombeneathit,imperceptiblyaway,andlecturerandaudiencemayawake

withastarttofindthattheyarecarryingoninadistinguishedandintelligent

manner,butinregionswhichhavenothingtodowithanythingtheyhave

read.

C

Attheendofthe18thcenturyanewliteraturearoseinEngland.Itwascalled

Romanticism,anditopposedmostoftheideasheldearlierinthecentury.

Romanticismhaditsrootsinachangedattitudetowardmankind.The

forerunnersoftheRomanticistsarguedthatmenarenaturallygood;society

makesthembad.Ifthesocialworldcouldbechanged,allmenmightbe

happier.Manyreformsweresuggested:bettertreatmentofpeopleinprisons

andalmshouses;fewerdeathpenaltiesforminorcrimes;andanincreasein

charitableinstitutions.

TheRomanticistsbelievedthatallmenarebrothersanddeservethetreatment

towhichhumanbeingsarebynatureentitled.Everymanhasarighttolife,

liberty,andequalopportunity.Theseideashadbeenwellstatedinthe

AmericanDeclarationofIndependence.InFrancearevolutionofthe

commonpeoplebeganin1789.ManyEnglishmenhopedthatthenew

democracies—FranceandtheUnitedStates—wouldshowthewayforthe

restoftheworldtofollow.Alongwithdemocracyandindividualismcame

otherideas.Oneoftheseideaswasthatthesimple,humblelifeisbest.

Anotherwasthatpeopleshouldliveclosetonature.ThustheRomantic

Movementwasinherentlyanti-progress,ifprogressmeantindustrialization.

PartII.TranslatethefollowingpassagesintoEnglish(50points).

1

我的生活曾經(jīng)是悲苦的，黑暗的。然而朋友們把多量的同情，多量的

愛，多量的歡樂，多量的眼淚分給了我，這些東西都是生活存在所必需

的。這些不要報(bào)答的慷慨的施舍，使我的生活里也有了溫暖，有了幸

福。我默默地接受了它們。我并不曾說過一句感激的話，我也沒有做過

一件報(bào)答的行為。但是朋友們卻不把自私的形容詞加到我的身上。對(duì)于

我，他們太慷慨了。

2

歷史的道路，不會(huì)是平坦的。有時(shí)走到艱難險(xiǎn)阻的境界。這是全靠雄健

的精神才能沖過去的。

一條浩浩蕩蕩的長江大河，有時(shí)流到很寬闊的境界，平原無際，一瀉萬

里。有時(shí)流到很逼狹的境界。兩岸山迭嶺，絕壁斷崖，江河流于期間，

回環(huán)曲折，極其險(xiǎn)峻。民族生命的進(jìn)展，其經(jīng)歷亦復(fù)如是。

……

中華民族現(xiàn)在所逢的史路，是一段崎嶇險(xiǎn)阻的道路。在這一段道路上，

實(shí)在亦有一種奇絕壯絕的境界，使我們經(jīng)過此段道路的人，感到一種壯

美的趣味。但這種壯美的趣味，是非有雄健的精神的人不能夠感覺到

的。

3

當(dāng)我沉默的時(shí)候，我覺得充實(shí)；我將開口，同時(shí)感到空虛。

過去的生命已經(jīng)死亡。我對(duì)于這死亡有大歡喜，因?yàn)槲医璐酥浪?jīng)

存活。死亡的生命已經(jīng)朽腐。我對(duì)于這朽腐有大歡喜，因?yàn)槲医璐酥?/p>

它還非空虛。

生命的泥委棄在地面上，不生喬木，只生野草，這是我的罪過。

野草，根本不深，花葉不美，然而吸取露，吸取水，吸取陳死的血和

肉，各各奪取它的生存。當(dāng)生存時(shí)，還是將遭踐踏，將遭刪刈，直至于

死亡而朽腐。

但我坦然，欣然。我將大笑，我將歌唱。

我自愛我的野草，但我憎惡這以野草作裝飾的地面。

地火在地下運(yùn)行，奔突；熔巖一旦噴出，將燒盡一切野草，以及喬木，

于是并且無可朽腐。

但我坦然，欣然。我將大笑，我將歌唱。

PartIII.Composition(50points).

Writeanarticleentitled“TheCharmofLiterature”(《文學(xué)的魅力》)in

Chinese.

2017年青島大學(xué)外語學(xué)院848英漢互譯與漢語寫作考研真題

PartI.TranslatethefollowingtermsandpassagesintoChinese(60points).

A

1．tragicomedy

2．modernism

3．pointofview

4．streamofconsciousness

5．synecdoche

6．a(chǎn)ppliedlinguistics

7．pragmatics

8．sociolinguistics

9．semantics

10．theinformativefunctionoflanguage

B

Rhythmissometimesquiteeasy.Beethoven’sFifthSymphony,forinstance,

startswiththerhythm“dididydum”,whichwecanallhearandtapto.But

thesymphonyasawholehasalsoarhythm—duemainlytotherelation

betweenitsmovements—whichsomepeoplecanhearbutnoonecantapto.

Thissecondsortofrhythmisdifficult,andwhetheritissubstantiallythe

sameasthefirstsortonlyamusiciancouldtellus.Whataliterarymanwants

tosay,though,isthatthefirstkindoftherhythm,thedididydum,canbe

foundincertainnovelsandmaygivethembeauty.Andtheotherrhythm,the

difficultone—therhythmoftheFifthSymphonyasawhole—Icannotquote

youanyparallelsforthatinfiction,yetitmaybepresent.

C

...Therethemeadowsarealllawnswiththelustrousgreenofspringevenin

August,andoftenover-shadowedbyold,fruit-trees—cherry,orapple,or

pear;andonSundayaftertheraintherewasanAprilgloryandfreshness

addedtothequietofthelatersummer.

Nowhereandneverintheworldcantherehavebeenadeeperpeace;andthe

bellsfromthelittleredchurchdownbytheriverseemedtobethemusicofit,

asthesongofbirdsisthemusicofspring.Thereonesawhowbeautifulthe

lifeofmancanbe,andhowmenbytheinnocentlaborsofmanygenerations

cangivetotheearthabeautyithasneverknowninitswildness.Andallthis

peace,oneknew,wasthreatened;andthethreatcameintoone'smindasifit

wereasoundlessmessagefromoverthegreateastwardplain;andwithitthe

beautyseemedunsubstantialandstrange,asifitweresinkingawayintothe

past,asifitwereonlyamemoryofchildhood.

D

“Thatisverytrue,”repliedElizabeth,“andIcouldeasilyforgive