初中英語全部介詞整理

atonin(表時(shí)間at表達(dá)時(shí)間的一點(diǎn)；in表達(dá)一種時(shí)期；onatatfiveo’clock，atdown（拂曉，atdaybreak（天亮，atsunrise（）,atnoon，atnight，atthebeginningofthemonth（月初，atthattime(那時(shí)，atthatmoment（那會(huì)兒，atthistimeofday（在一天的這個(gè)時(shí)候。in后常接年，月，日期，上午，下午，晚上，白天，季節(jié)，世紀(jì)等。如：in，inMay，inthemorning，inthenight，inthedaytime(白天)，inspring,，inon后跟某日，星期幾，某日的朝夕，節(jié)日等,即具體某一天極其早\中、晚onSunday，onawarmmorninginApril，onthefollowingnight，onChristmasafternoononOctober1，1949，onNewYear’s(特別提示):lastnextthisthat,some,every,tomorrow,yesterdayfor,體時(shí)刻/that-從句)”表達(dá)“自從…起始終到現(xiàn)在”UncleLihasworkedinthisfactorysincefor表達(dá)某動(dòng)作或狀況持續(xù)多久,后接時(shí)間段。慣用在現(xiàn)在完畢時(shí)?！癴or+(一段時(shí)間)”Hehasstudiedthepianofor5years.3,by,duringuntil/till（在句首、強(qiáng)調(diào)句不用tillby后接時(shí)間點(diǎn)，表達(dá)‘到…以前為止’by后加‘將來的時(shí)間點(diǎn)’byuntil/till用于否認(rèn)句時(shí)，意為‘直到…才’，句中的謂語動(dòng)詞多用非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。4,before,after分別指時(shí)間…之前，…5,in, “in段時(shí)間”表達(dá)將來的一段時(shí)間后來,用在將來時(shí)態(tài)中.,howsoon的提問“after+段時(shí)間”表達(dá)過去的一段時(shí)間后來,laterMymotherwillcomebackinthreeorfourdays.Hearrivedafterfivemonths.=Hearrivedfiveminuteslater.in,after ,laterin+一段時(shí)間. 慣用普通將來時(shí)。after+一段時(shí)間. after+點(diǎn)時(shí)間. 一段時(shí)間＋ 過去inat和A.at(1)表達(dá)在小地方(2)表達(dá)“在……附近，旁邊”Bin(1)(2)表達(dá)“在…范疇之內(nèi)”onDto表達(dá)在……范疇外，不強(qiáng)調(diào)與否接壤.2,on,above,over,under和below“在…上”,up,on指在某物表面上,有接觸 abookontheover指在某物垂直上方,無接觸點(diǎn),也可指覆蓋在某物上,under相對(duì)(bridge)aclothoverthetable,afanoverthetableabove指在某物的上方即可,belowHelivesaboveme他住我家樓上(不一定就是頭上一間)Thetemperaturetodayisabovezero.今天氣溫零度以上up表達(dá)在往上的方向反義詞 lookuptothesky昂首看天3,infrontofinthefrontinfrontof“在…的前面beforeinfrontof相似,behindinthefrontof“在…的前部”,atthebackof相反。4，by,beside,nearby表達(dá)‘就在旁邊’nearbeside表達(dá)‘近旁’‘僅靠’，相稱于’next5，except,exceptthat,but,besides,beside它復(fù)合詞，但在否認(rèn)句中，except卻沒有排斥性。exceptthat“除了，只是”exceptwhen、where等詞引導(dǎo)but“除……外”exceptbutdo或其某種形式，but后用動(dòng)詞原形。Wecandonothingbutwait.besides表達(dá)“除……外尚有”，所排除的事物常涉及在所述范疇之內(nèi)。另外，besides可用作副詞，also，有“并且，加之，何況”之意。beside也是介詞，表達(dá)“在附近”besidesexceptexceptfor。e.g.Thisbookhasnoblunderexceptafewmistakes.Everyoneofus,excepthim,wenttoseethebetweenamong(表位置在…..之間between僅用于兩者之間，但說三者或三者以上中的每兩個(gè)之間時(shí)，也可用between,I’msittingbetweenTomand ThevillageliesbetweenthreeamongHeisthebestamongtheinthetree,ontheinthetree指動(dòng)物或人等外來的東西在樹上，onthetree,1,by,with,inon表達(dá)方式,手段,by以……辦法、手段或泛指某種交通工具,V-ing形式.B.with表達(dá)用…工具Cin表達(dá)用…方式，用…語言(語調(diào)、顏色)Don通過媒介onthetelephoneontheradioonTV2,by,in,on表達(dá)交通方式byinonBybike=ona bycar=ina ontheontheway,bytheway,inthisontheway指在路上,onone’swayto..... bytheway指順便問一句inthisway用這樣的辦法,inthatway,inotherway,inthesewaysacross,through,overpast“通過,通過across從表面通過,如,road,bridgethrough從內(nèi)部空間通過,如city,woods,forests,windowgatepast從旁邊通過.as與like的區(qū)別兩個(gè)詞都表達(dá)“像……”,as譯為“作為……”,表達(dá)的是職業(yè)、職務(wù)、作用等事實(shí),like譯為“像同樣”,表達(dá)外表,不是事實(shí)。如：Letmespeaktoyouasafather.(我以父親的身份和你講話.)(說話者是聽者的父親)/Letmespeaktoyoulikeafather.(讓我像一位父親同樣和你講話)(說話者不是聽者的父attheendof、bytheendof、totheend、intheend的使用方法區(qū)別attheendof…既能夠表達(dá)時(shí)間也能夠表達(dá)地點(diǎn),譯為“在…末；在…盡頭”,bytheendof…只能表達(dá)時(shí)間,譯為“在…前；到…為止”,慣用于過去完畢時(shí)；intheendatlast基本等義,表達(dá)“終于、最后”,普通用于過去時(shí)；totheend譯為“到…的終點(diǎn)為止”,foramoment、forthemoment、inamoment、atthemoment的區(qū)別foramoment“一會(huì)兒、半晌”(=forawhile),forthemoment“臨時(shí)、現(xiàn)在”,inamoment“一會(huì)兒、立刻、立刻”(=soon;inafewminutes),普通用于將來時(shí)；atthemoment“此刻7,bemade bemade bemadeBemadeof由…制成（看出材料）Bemadefrom由…制成（看不出材料）Bemadein在…（地方）制造8，ofinofofin，in9,ofsb.forOfsb.itis+adj+ofsbtodosth.clever,kind,nice描述人性格特性的詞。Forsb.itis+adj+ofsb.todosth.,for背面的形容詞雨人物沒有主表關(guān)系。10，withWith：“和,對(duì),用,附帶有”,常withthehelp eupwith,talkwith,playbestrictwith. Without,“沒有”withouthelp,withoutbreakfast.11,inthebeginning,atthebeginninginthebeginning其意義為：“起初”、“在開始的時(shí)候”ofatthebeginningof短語連用（oftheweek,oftheyear,ofthebook等）12,befamiliarwith和befamiliartoSb.befamiliarwithsth熟悉…(主動(dòng) sth.befamiliartosb…被熟悉（被動(dòng)13,against反對(duì)，經(jīng)常同與之含義有關(guān)的動(dòng)詞連用（fightstruggle，protest，argue）Thesoldiersfoughtagainsttheenemybravely. along沿著，向前，常與with構(gòu)成短語，getalongwith byday白天，bytheday按天計(jì)15.Bepleasedwith=bepleasantto=besatisfiedwith快樂，滿意于16,bestrictwithsb.bestrictindoingsth.對(duì)事、做事嚴(yán)格bebusywithsth.bebusyindoingsth.1adjustto適應(yīng)belongto屬于,payattentionto注意,lookforwardtocometo達(dá)成getto達(dá)成happento發(fā)生在某人身上leadto通向listento聽objectto反對(duì),respondto回答,replyto回答,referto參考；指的是…；涉及,turnto求助,announcetomentionto提及sayto告知shoutto對(duì)某人大叫,talkto對(duì)某人談話addto增加,compareto比作,devoteto致力于,taketo帶到。jointo連接到,reduceto下降至d).becloseto緊挨著becontraryto違反；反對(duì)bedevotedto致力befairto對(duì)…公平,befamiliarto對(duì)某人來說熟悉,begratefulto對(duì)某人心存感謝,begoodto對(duì)…有好處,bekindto和諧看待,bemarriedto嫁給,benecessaryto對(duì)…有必要,beoppositeto在對(duì)面beopposedto反對(duì)berelativeto與…有關(guān)besimilarto類似bethankfulto感謝beusedtoe)toadegree在某種程度上toone’ssurprise使…吃驚,toone’staste符合胃口toorder arriveat達(dá)成,callat訪問某地catchat(it)當(dāng)場(chǎng)抓住,comeat攻擊fireat向…開火,knockatlaughat譏笑,lookat看一眼pullat拉扯,smileat向某人微笑shootat朝…射擊,stareatatall一點(diǎn)也不，atanycost不惜一切代價(jià)，atbest最佳也只是，atfirstat在家；無拘束，atlast最后，atleast最少，atmost最多，atonce立刻，atpresentacton對(duì)…有作用,bringon促使；造成,callon拜訪某人,counton依賴,carryon執(zhí)行,dependon取決,feedon以…為生,figureon料想；推斷,goon繼續(xù),insiston堅(jiān)持,keepon繼續(xù),liveon以…為生,puton穿上switchon接通（電源）takeon喜歡；養(yǎng)成；容易學(xué)會(huì)，turnon接通（電源）,baseon以…為基礎(chǔ)fixon固定,keepwatchon監(jiān)視spendon3.bedependenton依賴,behardon對(duì)某人苛刻,beimpressedon對(duì)…印象深刻,bekeenon渴望onboard乘（車,飛機(jī)）,onduty值班,onearth究竟,onfire著火,onfoot步行,onholiday4,believein信任,bringin引發(fā)；產(chǎn)生；帶來,callin下令收回,fillin填充,getin收獲,handin上繳,involvein涉及,liein在于,resultin造成,,succeedin成功,takein卷起；訂閱spendtime/moneyin花時(shí)間或錢做某事,wastetime/moneyinbeabsorbedin用心致志,bebusyin忙碌,bebornin出生于,beconcernedin牽涉,beexperiencedin在…有經(jīng)驗(yàn),beengagedin忙碌,beexpertin某方面的專家,beexcellentin在…優(yōu)秀,beinterestedin對(duì)…有愛好,belackingin缺少,berichin富有,beskilledin精于,beweakin弱于。inadvance提前,inall總共，inbed臥床，inbody親自，inbrief簡要扼要，incase萬一,incharge主管，indanger有危險(xiǎn)indebt負(fù)債indespair失望ingeneral普通說來inorder井然有序,inperson親自,inpublic公開地,inprogress有進(jìn)展,inpractice從實(shí)踐上看,inresearch探索,inshort總之,introubleintime及時(shí),5,comefrom來自,datefrom追溯departfrom違反diefrom死于hearfrom收到來信,learnfrom向某人學(xué)習(xí),returnfrom自某地返回，resultfrom起因于,sufferfrom忍受。borrowfrom向…借,excusefrom免去,keepfrom制止做,preventfrom不準(zhǔn)做,protectfrom不受之害receivefrom收到separatefrom分離開來,stopfrombeabsentfrom缺席,bedifferentfrom與眾不同,bemadefrom用…frombadtoworse每況愈下，frombeginningtoendfromd