期末復(fù)習(xí)重點(diǎn)語法重點(diǎn)句子2023-2024學(xué)年七年級(jí)上冊(cè)

名詞n.表示人或事物的名稱人名MariaKangkangJaneWangJunfeng(fullname全名)Wang(familyname姓)Junfeng(givenname名)StephenHawking(fullname全名)Stephen(givenname名)Hawking(familyname姓)地名ChinaAmerica/theUSAEngland/theUKJapanCanadaCuba事物不可數(shù)名詞（不可以數(shù)的名詞）前面加some，any，no（數(shù)量上沒有），alittle/little，much，量詞of數(shù)不清的名詞：hairrice肉類及液體類：fishchickenmeatwaterjuicemilk形狀不一的名詞：breadchocolate抽象名詞：helplovesomefish;nowater;alittlemilk;muchchicken;aglassofjuice/water/milk;threeglassesofjuice/water/milk可數(shù)名詞（句子中使用時(shí)：1.前面加a/an/the；2.前面加形容性物主代詞3.前面加this/that；4.變復(fù)數(shù)）可數(shù)名詞變復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則：直接加s；boysbookstrees以s，x，sh，ch結(jié)尾時(shí)，加es；class(classes)bus(buses)box(boxes)fish(fishes)以輔音加y結(jié)尾，變y為i加es；baby(babies)family(families)以f(e)結(jié)尾，變f(e)為v加es；knife(knives)half(halves)不規(guī)則變化：man/menwoman/womensnowman/snowmenfoot/feetchild/children本身就是復(fù)數(shù)的名詞：peoplefamily(家人)clothes經(jīng)常以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)的名詞：parent(parents)grandparent(grandparents)vegetable(vegetables)eye(eyes)ear(ears)hand(hands)foot(feet)leg(legs)arm(arms)單復(fù)同形的詞：Chinesefish名詞所有格一般加’s；Jack’s（Jack的）；myfather’s(我爸爸的)以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞，加’；students’(學(xué)生的)

代詞pron.用于代替名詞（Iyouheshemine）、形容詞（hisherour）或數(shù)詞（oneonesthisthatthesethose）。人稱代詞數(shù)格人稱單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)主格賓格主格賓格第一人稱Imeweus第二人稱youyouyouyou第三人稱shehertheythemhehimitit人稱代詞主格為動(dòng)作實(shí)施者，陳述句中，一般位于謂語動(dòng)詞前；人稱代詞賓格一般位于動(dòng)詞及介詞后。物主代詞數(shù)人稱類別單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱我的你的她的他的它的我們的你們的他（她/它）們的形容詞性myyourherhisitsouryourtheir名詞性mineyourshershisitsoursyourstheirs名詞性物主代詞=形容詞性物主代詞+名詞；名詞性物主代詞，后邊不出現(xiàn)名詞；物主代詞必須和名詞搭配使用。指示代詞類別單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)近指thisthese遠(yuǎn)指thatthose

數(shù)詞num.表示數(shù)量（onetwentythirteen）或順序（first第一；second第二；last最后）zeroonetwothreefourfivesixseveneightnine(teen)eleventwelvethirteenfourteenfifteensixteenseventeeneighteennineteen(ty)tentwentythirtyfortyfiftysixtyseventyeightyninety百位數(shù)后加and（英式英語中使用and）；hundred不能加s69sixtynine;106onehundredandsix;219twohundredandnineteen;360threehundredandsixty;時(shí)間表達(dá)法6:00sixo’clock 2:05twoofive/fivepasttwo 3:15threefifteen/aquarterpastthree4:19fournineteen/nineteenpastfour5:30fivethirty/halfpastfive 7:36seventhirtysix/twentyfourtoeight8:45eightfortyfive/aquartertonine9:55ninefiftyfive/fivetoten數(shù)學(xué)公式表達(dá)法Oneandoneistwo.1+1=2冠詞art.（a/an/the）a/an表示一個(gè)；the表示這個(gè)或那個(gè)；都是和名詞搭配使用，不能單獨(dú)使用。an用于發(fā)音為元音的字母（a,e,i,o,u）前，其余用a。anEnglishboy anapple anorange acarahamburgeratigerWhoisthegirlinpurple?Thereisaboyinthecar.TheboyisinablackTshirt.形容詞adj.用于描述或修飾名詞或代詞，說明人或事物的特征或性質(zhì)。smalleyes awidemouth bigfeet myfavoritecolorSheisclever.副詞adv.用于修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或整句話。HecanspeakEnglishwell.（well為副詞，修飾動(dòng)詞speak）Theyareverykindtome.（very為副詞，修飾形容詞kind）IcanspeakChineseverywell.（very為副詞，修飾副詞well）Happily,mymotherbuyssomedressesforme.（happily為副詞，修飾后邊一整句話）

動(dòng)詞v.表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)Be動(dòng)詞（amisare）我是am；你是are；is連著她、他、它；單數(shù)is；復(fù)數(shù)are。Be動(dòng)詞在一般疑問句中做謂語動(dòng)詞時(shí)，置于句首；在特殊疑問句中，位于特殊疑問詞后，其他詞前。AreyouanEnglishteacher?Yes,Iam./No,I’mnot.What’syourfavoriteanimal?’mfromCanada.3.SheisJane.’’stwentyyuan.Be動(dòng)詞做謂語動(dòng)詞變否定時(shí)，后邊加not。Heisateacher.Heisnotateacher.’sonehundredandfiftyyuan.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（can/couldwill/wouldmayneed）：1.無第三人稱單數(shù)變化；2.后邊必須和除情態(tài)動(dòng)詞外的動(dòng)詞連用。有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的句子變一般疑問句，要把情態(tài)動(dòng)詞提至最前面。Icanspellit.Canyouspellit?Yes,Ican./No,Ican’t.Icouldtellyoumyname.Couldyoutellmeyourname?Iwillcallhim.Willyoucallhim?Iwouldlikedrinkaglassofmilk.Wouldyouliketodrinkaglassofmilk?Imayhelpyou.MayIhelpyou?Heneedbuytwokilosofchicken.Needhebuytwokilosofchicken?有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的句子變特殊疑問句，要把情態(tài)動(dòng)詞放在特殊疑問詞？Icansingsongs.Whatcanyoudo?Iwouldliketoeatsomefish.Whatwouldyouliketoeat?有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的句子變否定句時(shí)，在后邊加not。Icanspellit.Ican’tspellit.Heneedbuyfourbottlesofmilk.Heneedn’tbuyfourbottlesofmilk.實(shí)義動(dòng)詞表示有實(shí)際意義的動(dòng)詞，除be動(dòng)詞及情態(tài)動(dòng)詞外。句型轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí)，需要借助do/does只有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的句子變一般疑問句，需要do/does置于句首（注意第三人稱單數(shù)，將does位于句首后，第三人稱單數(shù)的動(dòng)詞變?yōu)樵危㊣speakChinese.DoyouspeakChinese?Yes,Ido./No,Idon’t.Hewantstobuyapairofshoes.Doeshewanttobuyapairofshoes?Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn’t.練習(xí)：Ihavemanyfriendshere.2.WelikeChinesefood.3.Heusuallyhasbreadandmilkforbreakfast.只有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的句子變特殊疑問句，需要do/does置于特殊疑問詞后，（注意第三人稱單數(shù)，將does位于特殊疑問詞后，第三人稱單數(shù)的動(dòng)詞變?yōu)樵危￤eneedtwokilosofapplesandsomerice.Whatdoweneed?Helikesblue.Whatcolordoeshelike?練習(xí)：1.Theytakesomebreadwiththem.2.Hewantstosingsongsthere.只有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的句子變否定句時(shí)，需要在謂語動(dòng)詞前面加don’t/doesn’t。（注意第三人稱單數(shù)，將doesn’t置于謂語動(dòng)詞前后，第三人稱單數(shù)的動(dòng)詞變?yōu)樵危㊣speakEnglish.Idon’tspeakEnglish.Thegirlliveswithhergrandparents.Thegirldoesn’tlivewithgrandparents.練習(xí)：1.Wetakesomeapplesandbananaswithus.2.Myfatherlikeseatingapples.動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)一般直接加s；want/wants drink/drinks eat/eats以s,x,ch,sh,o結(jié)尾，加es；guess/guesses do/doesgo/goesteach/teaches以輔音加y結(jié)尾，變y為i加es；try/tries fly/flies不規(guī)則變形；have/has介詞prep.表示詞或句的關(guān)系。介詞后加人稱代詞賓格，介詞后加動(dòng)詞的ing形式（doing）。in(在……里面；用),on(在……表面上),about(關(guān)于),with(關(guān)于；和),from(來自),for(為了；對(duì)于),at(向；在某處；在某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)),to(到),of(……的)inClassFive,GradeSeven inEnglish/Chinese inmyfather’scaronthedesk onthewayhomehelpmewithmyEnglish livewithmygrandparents takesomeappleswithusfromChina toAmericabuysomeclothesformymom buytwocoatsfortwohundredyuan getsomewaterforhimlookatthephoto atsixthirty/halfpastsix athomeaphotoofmyfamily someofthem連詞conj.用于連接詞與詞，短語與短語，句子與句子。（and并且；表并列遞進(jìn)but但是；表轉(zhuǎn)折so所以；表因果）myfriendandI applesandbananas inthesameschoolbutindifferentgradesIlikeEnglish,soIoftenreadEnglisheverymorning.

what（具體內(nèi)容；什么）What’syourname? MynameisSally.Whatareyourfavoriteanimals? Myfavoriteanimalsareelephants.What’syourtelephonenumber? It’s857624.What’sthis/thatinEnglish? It’sanapple.Whatarethese/those? Theyaretoycars.Whatclassareyouin?（班級(jí)） I’minClassFive,GradeSeven.Whatgradeisshein?（年級(jí)） SheisinGradeSeven.Whatdoeshelooklike?（外貌） Heistall.Hehasbigeyes,asmallnoseandawidemouth.Whatdoeshesayintheletter? It’sfrommyfriend,Maria.Whatwouldyouliketodrink? I’dliketodrinksomeapplejuice.Whatdoesyourmotherdo?（職業(yè)） Sheisateacher.Whatdoyouusuallyhaveforbreakfast? Iusuallyhavesomebreadandmilkforbreakfast.Whatdoyouthinkofthesetrousers?（評(píng)價(jià)） They’retoolong.Idon’tlikethematall.Whatdoweneed? Weneedtwokilosofapplesandonekiloofrice.Whattimeisitnow?/Whatisthetimenow?（時(shí)間）It’sfivefortyfive./It’saquartertosix.Whatcolordoeshelike?（顏色） Helikesblue.who（提問人；誰）Whoareyou? I’mKangkang.Whoisshe? SheisJane.Who’sthis?