虛擬語(yǔ)氣課件(經(jīng)典)

Subjunctive

MoodWemetinthisroom.DocometothemeetingnextFriday.IfIwereyou,Iwouldstudyhard.陳述語(yǔ)氣祈使語(yǔ)氣虛擬語(yǔ)氣虛擬語(yǔ)氣虛擬語(yǔ)氣是一種特殊的動(dòng)詞形式，一是用來(lái)表示說(shuō)話(huà)人所說(shuō)的話(huà)不是一個(gè)事實(shí)，而是一種假設(shè)、猜測(cè)、愿望等(在條件從句中或讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中)；一是表示說(shuō)話(huà)人的愿望、要求、命令、建議等(在賓語(yǔ)從句、主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句)。虛擬語(yǔ)氣的概念

虛擬語(yǔ)氣的主要內(nèi)容一、非真實(shí)條件句〔if等〕中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣時(shí)態(tài)一致2.錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間的虛擬句3.if省略用倒裝句4.含蓄條件句5.Ifonly感慨二、名詞性從句的虛擬語(yǔ)氣：賓語(yǔ)從句、主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句三、幾種特殊的虛擬語(yǔ)氣句式wish、asif/though、wouldrather、It’stime…It’snecessary/strange/matural/inportant+that從句1)IfIwereabird,Iwouldflyinthesky.2)IfIhadtakenyouradvice,Iwouldn’thavemadethemistake.3)IfIhadbeenthere,itwouldn’thavehappened.4)Ifitrainedtomorrow,wewouldnotgoshopping.

1.IfIhad5000yuan,Iwouldbuyacomputer.〔與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反〕2.IfIwereabird,Iwouldflyinthesky.3.IfIhadtakenyouradvice,Iwouldn’thavemadeamistake.4.Ifhehadbeenthere,itwouldn’thavehappened.〔與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反〕〔與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反〕1)IfIwereabird,Iwouldflyinthesky.2)IfIhadtakenyouradvice,Iwouldn’thavemadethemistake.3)IfIhadbeenthere,itwouldn’thavehappened.4)Ifitrainedtomorrow,wewouldnotgoshopping.

5)Hewasshakingwithfright

asif

hehadseenaghost.a.Ifthey____(be)here,they__________(take)youradvice.b.Iftheworld-war_____(burst)outagain,what_____________(happen)toourpeopleonearth?werewouldtakeburstwouldhappenPRACTICE1:Fillintheblanks.Ifhe__________〔drive〕morecarefully,he_________________(nothave)thecaraccidentyesterday.haddriven

wouldnothavehad

2、錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間的虛擬句

通常情況下,在非真實(shí)條件句中主句和從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所指時(shí)間是一致的,但有時(shí)也可能指不同的時(shí)間,這時(shí)要根據(jù)上下文的意思采用不同的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式.1.IfIwereyou,Iwouldhavetakenhisadvice.(從句指現(xiàn)在,主句指過(guò)去)。2.

IfIhadtakenmyraincoatwithmethismorning,Iwouldnotbewetnow.(從句指過(guò)去,主句指現(xiàn)在)。虛擬語(yǔ)氣3、省略if的條件從句當(dāng)從句中有were,had或should時(shí)，可省略if，而把它們放在句首。IfIweretomeethimtomorrow,Ishouldaskhimaboutit.

WereItomeethimtomorrow,…Ifheshouldfailintheexperimentthistime,hewouldtryagain.Shouldhefailintheexperiment…

Ifyouhadcomeafewminutesearlier,youwouldhavemethim.虛擬語(yǔ)氣在在條件從句中Hadyoucomeafew….4.without,butfor，or和otherwise構(gòu)成虛擬。butfor要不是，or否那么〔含蓄條件句〕1.〕Withoutsunlight,therewouldbenolifeonourplanet.2.〕Butforyourhelp,Iwouldn’thavefinishedthework.3.〕Iwasillthatday.otherwise,Iwouldhavetakenpartinthesportsmeet.(副詞)4.〕Hetelephonedtoinformmeofyourbirthday,orIwouldhaveknownnothingaboutit.(連詞)2.用于表示命令、建議、要求等一類(lèi)詞后面的賓語(yǔ)從句。insist,order,command,suggest,advise,propose,require,request,demand,desireetc.Wesuggestedthatthemeeting(should)beputoff.Theyinsistedthattheboy(should)gowiththem.注意：suggest當(dāng)表示“暗示、說(shuō)明“講時(shí)，insist表示〞堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為“之意時(shí)，應(yīng)用陳述語(yǔ)氣。Thesmileonhisfacesuggestedthathewassatisfiedwithourwork.Themaninsistedthathehadneverstolenthemoney.他臉上的表情說(shuō)明他對(duì)我們的工作很滿(mǎn)意．那個(gè)人堅(jiān)持說(shuō)他沒(méi)有偷錢(qián)．在suggestion/proposal/order/plan/advice/idea/request等名詞后的表語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ)從句中要用“should＋動(dòng)詞原形〞should可以省略．〔2〕用于表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句Myideaisthatwe(should)thinkitoverbeforeacceptingit.Mysuggestionthatwe(should)haveameetinghasbeenacceptedbyothers.Weallagreetothatsuggestionthatthemeeting(should)beputoff.二.

名詞性從句的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。主要是表示命令、要求、建議的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。賓語(yǔ)從句。常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞：一個(gè)堅(jiān)持：insist兩個(gè)命令：order,command

三個(gè)建議：advise,suggest,propose五個(gè)要求：demand,require,request,desire

ask

這些動(dòng)詞后面的賓語(yǔ)從句要使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣用法。即從句中的動(dòng)詞使用should+動(dòng)詞原形，或者將should省略。虛擬語(yǔ)氣在：在賓語(yǔ)從句中

注意:insist/suggest各有兩意思，要用不同的語(yǔ)氣①表“堅(jiān)決要求〞,虛擬,should+do;②表“堅(jiān)稱(chēng),堅(jiān)持說(shuō)〞,陳述語(yǔ)氣,表事實(shí)。①表“建議〞，虛擬,should+do;②表“說(shuō)明、暗示〞，用陳述語(yǔ)氣。1.Theteachersuggestedthatwe______________moreafterclass.〔我們課后多練習(xí)〕2.Thelookonherfacesuggestedthatshe________happy3.Heinsistedthatallofus___________thereontimebyanymeans.〔我們大家想盡方法按時(shí)去那兒〕4.Heinsistedthathe_____________thewallet(沒(méi)有偷錢(qián)包).insistsuggest(should)practisewasshouldbedidn’tsteal我們建議Tom去休息一下。他堅(jiān)決要求我到場(chǎng)。國(guó)王命令囚犯明天要實(shí)施死刑。他們要求我們派他們?nèi)ツ莾汗ぷ?。WesuggestedthatTom

have

arest.HeinsistedthatI

(should)be

present.Thekingorderedthattheprisoners

bekilled

thenextday.Theyrequestedthatwe

(should)send

themtoworkthere.以上動(dòng)詞相應(yīng)的名詞構(gòu)成的名詞性從句包括主語(yǔ)從句，表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句也要使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。從句中的動(dòng)詞形式一樣。即：(should)＋V.

order,advice,suggestion,proposal,demand,request,desireIt’ssuggestedthattheplan

Mydemandisthatshe

toseemeonceaweek.Wearefortheadvicethatthefactory

closeddown.becarriedout.shouldcomeshouldbe１、wish后面的賓語(yǔ)從句中。一般用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示一種不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望。其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式為：表現(xiàn)在過(guò)去時(shí)表過(guò)去過(guò)去完成時(shí)表將來(lái)would,might,could＋動(dòng)詞原形Iwish(that)Iwereabird.Iwish(that)Ihadseenthefilmlastnight.Iwish(that)Iwould\couldgo.三.虛擬語(yǔ)氣特殊句型:1.wish的賓語(yǔ)從句現(xiàn)在:過(guò)去時(shí)〔were〕過(guò)去:過(guò)去完成時(shí)未來(lái):would/could/might+V.shouldIwishI

astallasyou.wereIwisheveryday

mybirthday.wereIwish/wishedI

eatensomuchwatermelon.(2)表示對(duì)過(guò)去情況的虛擬:從句動(dòng)詞常用“had＋過(guò)去分詞〞。hadn’tIwishit

raintomorrow.wouldHelooksasifhe

drunk.Theytalkedasiftheyfriendsforyears.

Shelovesthebabyasifitherownson.Irememberedthewholethingasifityesterday.werehadhappenedhadbeenwere2,Asif/though和wish用法相同3.wouldrather(that)現(xiàn)在,將來(lái)：過(guò)去：Iwouldratheryoupaidmenow.

Iwouldratheryouhadgone,too.Iwouldratheryoucame

tomorrow.過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)3.It’s(about/high)time+(that)…should+V.過(guò)去時(shí)我們?cè)撊ニX(jué)了。It’stimethatwe.It’stimethatwetobed.(Should不可省略)wenttobedshouldgo4.Ifonly…要是就好了

IfonlyI

knew

hisname!

Ifonlywe

hadfollowed

youradvice!!

IfonlyI

weretosee

himagain!要是我們的父母和我們住在一起就好了。要是我沒(méi)錯(cuò)過(guò)火車(chē)就好了！Ifonlyourparentslivedwithus!IfonlyIhadn’tmissedthetrain!虛擬語(yǔ)氣Alan___thepartyifhehadgonetoLondon.A.wouldhavemissedB.hadmissedC.wouldmissD.missed2.—Itwasthedrug，notthedisease，thatkilledtheboy.—Hewouldbestillalivetodayifhe________thatdrug.A.nottake

B.hadn’ttakenC.didn’ttake

D.shouldn’thavetakenExercises虛擬語(yǔ)氣3.IfonlyI___tomyparents!(ButIdidn’t.)A.listenedB.hadlistenedC.shouldlistenD.wouldlisten4.TomsuggestedthatAnn___thehouse.A.sellB.soldC.shallsellD.wouldsell5.Iwishthisbus___totheuniversity.A.goB.wentC.hasgoneD.hadgone虛擬語(yǔ)氣9.–HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing?--No,butIwishI___.A.haveB.willC.doD.had10.Idon’tthinkitistherighttimethatyou__.A.willgoB.wentC.goD.mustgo11.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit＿＿＿＿.A.breaks

B.hasbroken

C.werebroken

D.hadbeenbroken

1.Ifmyfather______herenow,he_____tellmewhattodo.A.were,wouldBwere,willCis,wouldDwas,will2.IfI________abee,I__________workmuchharder.Awere,wouldBwere,shallC