高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí) 閱讀理解 八主旨大意之標(biāo)題歸納題試題

主旨大意之標(biāo)題歸納題ATulou，thespecialresidentialarchitectureofFujianProvincewasincludedontheUNESCO’sWorldHeritageListduringthe32ndsessionoftheWorldHeritageCommitteeinQuebec，Canada.Inthefourthcentury，HanChineselivingintheCentralPlainsareabegantomigratesouth，graduallygatheringinFujianandformingtheHakkacommunities.Asadefenceagainstenemies，theHakkaschosetoliveincompact(緊湊的)communities，andthetulouwastheirpreferredhouses.TensofthousandsofsuchearthenstructureswereconstructedinFujianProvince.Mosttulousaretobefoundinthevalleys，surroundedbyhighmountains，andsomeareinthedepthsofthegreatmountains.Mostarethreetofourstorieshigh，andlooklikecircularblockhouses(堡壘)．Roomsonthefirstfloorareusedaskitchens，roomsonthesecondfloorareusedasbarns(谷倉)，androomsonthethirdandfourthfloorsareforbedroomsandlivingrooms.Fordefensivepurposes，theroomsonthefirstfloorhavenowindows.Rawmaterialsforthetulouwereobtainedlocally.Theirmainbuildingmaterialwasamixtureofclay，sand，limeandwater，andeggwhites，brownsugarandricewaterwereaddedasadhesiveagents(粘合劑)．Itwasthenmixedtoformthewalls.Oncetheydried，thewallsweresohardthatdrivinganailintothemwouldhavebeendifficult.Firbranches，whichareextremelystronganddonotrot，wereusedtostrengthenthem，andmanycenturieslatertheyhaveremainedtheiroriginallook.Tulousarelocatedinaregionwhereearthquakeshappenfrequently，andtheircircularconstructionhelpsthemresisttheregularshocks.TheprovendesigneveninspiredonefamousPeruvianarchitect，whopaidseveralvisitstoYongding，tobuildatuloubackhome.Notlongafter，anearthquakestruckonly10kilometersaway，andwhileallthehousesaroundtheearthenbuildingfelldown，histulouremained.語篇解讀本文屬于說明文，主要介紹了世界文化遺產(chǎn)——福建土樓的用途、建設(shè)過程以及人們對它的評價。1．Fromthepassage，weknowthattulou.A．isaspecialresidentialarchitectureofHanChineseinFujianeventodayB．wasoncetheplacewheretheHakkaschosetolivetogetherC．standsinthevalleysandisalsomodernpeople’spreferredhousesD．lookslikecircularblockhousesbuteasytofalldownintheearthquake答案B解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“Asadefenceagainstenemies，theHakkaschosetoliveincompact(緊湊的)communities，andthetulouwastheirpreferredhouses.”可知土樓是客家人用來防御敵人的重要工具，同時也是客家人生活居住的場所。故B正確。2．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．HakkasbuilttulouswhentheylivedintheCentralPlainsarea.B．Rawmaterialsforthetulouwereobtainedfromfaraway.C．Itisdifficulttodigaholeintothewallsofthetulou.D．Firbranchesmayhelpthemresisttheregularshocks.答案C解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第四句“Oncetheydried，thewallsweresohardthatdrivinganailintothemwouldhavebeendifficult.”可知修建土樓的黏土干了以后非常堅硬，釘子都很難釘進去。故C正確。3．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．OneofUNESCO’sWorldHeritageListsB．TheFunctionofTulousC．YongdingCountyandtheHakkasD．TheSpecialEarthenArchitectureofFujian答案D解析標(biāo)題歸納題。本文屬于說明文，說明文的主題通常都在文章開頭。本文第一段“Tulou，thespecialresidentialarchitectureofFujianProvincewasincludedontheUNESCO’sWorldHeritageListduringthe32ndsessionoftheWorldHeritageCommitteeinQuebec，Canada.”告訴我們福建土樓在第32屆聯(lián)合國教科文組織的會議上被列為世界文化遺產(chǎn)。接下來五段詳細介紹了福建土樓的特點、用途、建設(shè)過程以及人們對它的評價。所以本文主要介紹的是福建永定的特有建筑：土樓。故D正確。BThisisatruestorythathappenedinJapan.Inordertorenovatethehouse，aJapanesetoreopenthewalls.Japanesehousesnormallyhaveanemptyspacebetweenthewoodenwalls.Whentearingdownthewalls，hefoundthattherewasalizard(蜥蜴)stucktherebecauseanailfromoutsidewashammeredintooneofitsfeet.Hesawthis，feelingpityandcurious.Whenhecheckedthenail，hefounditwasnailed10yearsagowhenthehousewasfirstbuilt.Whathappened？Thelizardhadsurvivedinsuchapositionfor10years！Ithasbeeninadarkwallpartition(夾層)for10yearswithoutmoving！Thenhewonderedhowthislizardsurvivedfor10yearswithoutmovingasinglestep—sinceitsfootwasnailed！Sohestoppedhisworkandobservedthelizard：Whathasitbeendoing？Whatandhowhasitbeeneating？Later，hedidn’tknowfromwhereanotherlizardappeared，withfoodinitsmouth.Ah！Hewasastonishedandtoucheddeeply.Thefreelizardhadbeenfeedingthestuckoneforthepast10years.Suchlove，abeautifullove！Suchlovehappenedwiththistinycreature...Whatcanlovedo？Itcandowonders！Justthinkaboutit：Onelizardhadbeenfeedingtheotheroneuntiringlyfor10longyears，withoutgivinguphopeonitspartner.Ifasmallcreaturelikealizardcanlovelikethis，justimaginehowwecanloveifwetry.語篇解讀本文屬于夾敘夾議類短文，講述了一只蜥蜴被困在墻上十年，另外一只蜥蜴十年間一直給它送食物。這兩只蜥蜴之間的愛情故事告訴我們永遠不要放棄自己的愛人，因為愛可以創(chuàng)造奇跡。4．HowdidtheJapanesefeelwhenseeingthestucklizard?A．Frightened. B．Enjoyable.C．Confused. D．Usual.答案C解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第四句“Thenhewonderedhowthislizardsurvivedfor10yearswithoutmovingasinglestep—sinceitsfootwasnailed！”說明他很困惑，這個蜥蜴怎么能在被困十年的時間里活下來。故C正確。5．Whatcanwelearnfromthefreelizard?A．Itteachesusnevertoabandonourlovedones.B．Itteachesustogivemorehelptoourlovedones.C．Ittellsustotakepityonthestucklizard.D．Itencouragesustoliveevenlonger.答案A解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段倒數(shù)第二句“Justthinkaboutit：onelizardhadbeenfeedingtheotheroneuntiringlyfor10longyears，withoutgivinguphopeonitspartner.”可知，這條自由的蜥蜴用它十年的實際行動告訴我們永遠不要拋棄自己的愛人。故A正確。6．WhydidtheJapanesestophiswork?A．Towatchhowlongthelizardcanstilllivehere.B．Totakeoutthenailandsetthelizardfree.C．Tohavearestbywatchingthelizard.D．Tofindoutwhythelizardhadsurvivedherefor10years.答案D解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第四、五句“Thenhewonderedhowthislizardsurvivedfor10yearswithoutmovingasinglestep—sinceitsfootwasnailed！Sohestoppedhisworkandobservedthelizard：Whathasitbeendoing？Whatandhowhasitbeeneating？”可知，他停下來是想搞清楚這只被困住的蜥蜴在這十年里是如何活下來的。故D項正確。7．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．AWonder B．TwoLizardsC．SuchaStory D．LizardLove答案D解析標(biāo)題歸納題。本文講述了一只蜥蜴被困在墻上十年，另外一只蜥蜴十年間一直給它送食物。這兩只蜥蜴之間的愛情故事告訴我們永遠不要放棄自己的愛人，因為愛可以創(chuàng)造奇跡。所以D項與文章中心思想一致。A、B、C三項不全面或與文章內(nèi)容無關(guān)。CItwasThanksgivingmorning.IwasbusypreparingthetraditionalThanksgivingturkeywhenthedoorbellrang.Iopenedthefrontdoorandsawtwosmallchildreninragshuddlingtogetheronthetopstep.“Anyoldpapers，lady？”askedoneofthem.Iwasbusy.Iwantedtosay“no”untilIlookeddownattheirfeet.Theywerewearingthinlittlesandals(涼鞋)，wetwithheavysnow.“ComeinandI’llmakeyouacupofhotcocoa.”Theywalkedoverandsatdownatthetable.Theirwetsandalsleftmarksuponthefloor.Iservedthemcocoaandbreadtofightagainstthecoldoutside.ThenIwentbacktothekitchenandstartedcooking.Thesilenceinthefrontroomstruckme.Ilookedin.Thegirlheldtheemptycupinherhands，lookingatit.Theboyaskedinaflatvoice，“Lady，areyourich？”“AmIrich？Pity，no！”Ilookedatmywornoutslipcovers(椅套)．Thegirlputhercupbackinitssaucer(茶碟)carefullyandsaid，“Yourcupsmatchyoursaucers.”Theyleftafterthat，holdingtheirpapersagainstthewind.TheyhadremindedmethatIhadsomuchforwhichtobegrateful.Plainbluechinacupsandsaucerswereonlyworthfivepence.Buttheymatched.Itastedthepotatoesandstirred(攪動)themeatsoup.Potatoesandbrownmeatsoup，aroofoverourheads，mymanwitharegularjob，thesematched，too.Imovedthechairsbackfromthefireandcleanedthelivingroom.Themuddymarksoflittlesandalswerestillwetuponmyfloor.Letthembeforawhile，Ithought，justincaseIshouldbegintoforgethowrichIam.語篇解讀本文介紹了在感恩節(jié)的早上，一對來要舊報紙的小男孩和小女孩給作者帶來的人生思考。8．Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．Lady，AreYouRich?B．AStoryofThanksgivingDayC．Don’tForgetHowRichYouAreD．DoCupsandSaucersMatchWell?答案A解析標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)文中“Theboyaskedinaflatvoice，‘Lady，areyourich？’”“AmIrich？Pity，no！”及“TheyhadremindedmethatIhadsomuchforwhichtobegrateful.”；再根據(jù)文章最后一句“Letthembeforawhile，Ithought，justincaseIshouldbegintoforgethowrichIam.”可知，從小男孩的這句話里，作者意識到什么才是真正的富有。故選A。9．Thewriterleftthemuddymarksoflittlesandalsonthefloorforawhileto.A．showthatshewasakindheartedladyB．remindherthatsheshouldn’tforgethowrichshewasC．leaveroomforreaderstothinkaboutwhatbeingrichisD．provethatshehadunderstoodwhatmeantbeingrich答案B解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一句“Letthembeforawhile，Ithought，justincaseIshouldbegintoforgethowrichIam.”說明作者想讓這樣的腳印提醒自己不要忘記自己有多富有，故B正確。10．Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatwhetheryouarerichdependson.A．howmuchmoneyyouhavemadeB．whatattitudeyouhavehadtowardslifeC．thewayyouhelpothersD．yoursocialrelationship答案B解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章中女孩子的那句話“Yourcupsmatchyoursaucers.”讓我們思考著富有與否取決于我們對生活的態(tài)度。故B正確。DHelsinkiisofferingyoungpeoplethechancetorentacheapapartmentinanoldpeople’shome，iftheyagreetospendtimesocializingwiththeelderlyresidents.Thecitycouncilisseekingapplicationsfromrentersundertheageof25whowillcommittospendingbetweenthreeandfivehourseachweekwiththeirolderneighbours，atacarehomeintheeasternLaajasalodistrict.Inexchange，they’llgetastudioflatmeasuring23squaremeterswithaprivatekitchen，bathroomandbalconyfor250eurospermonth.Currentlyonlythreeflatsareavailable，buttheschemeispartofawiderefforttodealwithalackofaccommodationforyoungpeopleinthecapital.Ordinarilyastudiocostsabout600eurosamonth，dependingonthearea，onelocaluniversityadvises.Thosewhoapplydon’tneedanyspecificcareexperience.“Therearestafftolookaftertheelderly，”projectmanagerMikiMielonentellsYle.“Wearelookingforyoungpeoplewhomaybehaveadifferentperspectiveoneverydaylife，whowillbringvarietyandrecreationtotheelderlyresidents.”Morethan60peoplehaveappliedforthespacesinlessthanaweek，andtheideahasalsobeenwidelyrecognizedbyFinnsonsocialmedia.“Greatproject，hopefullyitwillspreadtootherareas，”writesonepersononFacebook，whileanotherapplaudstheschemeforbringingdifferentgenerationstogether.Butsomewishitwereopentomorepeople，withoneusersaying：“It’sashametheflatsaresosmall.Itwouldhavebeenniceiftheelderlyhadasmallfamilywithchildrenorasingleparentastheirneighbour.”Andonepersonhasadifferentopinionaboutthecut-offage，writing：“ShameI’mtoooldforthis—Iwouldhavesurelyapplied.”語篇解讀本文為新聞報道。在芬蘭赫爾辛基市，愿意在養(yǎng)老院陪伴老年人的年輕人可以很便宜地租到養(yǎng)老院的公寓樓。11．Onecanprobablygetthecheapapartmentifhe.A．reachestheageof25B．hasfinancialproblemsC．promisestoaccompanytheelderlyD．a(chǎn)greestoshareit答案C解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“...rentersundertheageof25