語法填空解題技巧課件

語法填空訓(xùn)練及考點(diǎn)突破11、閱讀、理解語篇的能力;2、分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)的能力;3、熟練運(yùn)用語法,短語的能力。2全國高考語法填空題兩類“空”：純空格（3個(gè)）給詞空(7個(gè)）謂語（時(shí)態(tài)—語態(tài)—數(shù)）非謂語（to

do---doing—done)3.詞類轉(zhuǎn)換(名—形—副）冠、代、介、連、及一些副詞32014-2015年全國高考語法填空詞類分布：4純空格給詞空冠詞代詞介詞連詞/引導(dǎo)詞名詞動(dòng)詞形容詞副詞2014年新課標(biāo)I卷1212312014新課標(biāo)II卷1141111個(gè)助動(dòng)詞2015新課標(biāo)I卷1111422015新課標(biāo)II卷1111411解題技巧1①：句中沒有謂語，或者雖然已有謂語動(dòng)詞，但中間有并列、轉(zhuǎn)折或從屬連詞時(shí)，需填的詞則是謂語動(dòng)詞。時(shí)態(tài)考慮要瞻前顧后。例1. In

1969,

the

pollution

was

terrible.(be)

unimaginable

that

it

couldIt

wasattention.

He

was

riding

beside

the

busand

waving

his

arms.ever

be

cleanedup.例2. A

boy

on

a

bike

caught

(catch)

my5例3. People

stepped

on

your

feet

or

pushedthink

of(help)

you.(push)you

with

their

elbows(肘部)，hurrying

ahead

to

get

to

bargain.例4.…….The

country

life

he

was

used

tohas

changed

（change

）greatly

since

theopening

policy.例5.I’m

afraid

this

is

the

best

way

we

canto

help6例6.

Nobody

knowswhat(happen)

if

she

hadwould

have

happenedrefused

to

pay.例7. He

walked

in

as

if

he

had

bought(buy)

the

school.7應(yīng)試策略括號(hào)內(nèi)給出動(dòng)詞的原形，做題時(shí)首先找出句子的主干，確定主句，如果缺謂語，就要根據(jù)上下文語境和意思確定動(dòng)詞的數(shù)、時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和語氣。1、考查在語境中判斷動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。常考的時(shí)態(tài)為：現(xiàn)在:一般現(xiàn)在、一般將來、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行、現(xiàn)在完成。過去:一般過去、過去進(jìn)行、過去將來、過去完成。

2、時(shí)間、條件、等狀語從句中動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)(主將從現(xiàn))(if/unless/as

soon

as/after/before/when等);3、時(shí)態(tài)標(biāo)志；4、時(shí)態(tài)一致性原則；5、上下文語境；8解題技巧2：若句中已有謂語動(dòng)詞，又不是并列謂語或從句時(shí)，所給動(dòng)詞就是非謂語動(dòng)詞。若是非謂語動(dòng)詞就要確定用9doing形式，done形式，還是to

do

形式。非謂語的形式一定要考慮它與其邏輯主語之間

的關(guān)系。例1.……but

it

is

not

enough

only

to

memorize

(memorize)

rules

froms.

v.

p.a

grammar

book.例2.

……

Speaking

(speak)

so.ut

your

innerfeeling

won’t

mva.ke

you

feel

ashamed,on

thecontrary……注意 ：作主語或賓語時(shí)，通常用doing

/

being

done形式表示習(xí)慣或一般情況；

用to

do/to

be

done形式表示具體情況或?qū)?；用having

done/having

been

done表示已發(fā)生。10例3.……

To

complete

(complete)

the(success.)likely

to

succeed注意 ：作目的狀語或者在固定結(jié)構(gòu)中，一般用to

do形式。project

asadpvlaenrbnieadl

,

wse.

will

hva.ve

to

worktwo

more

hours

a

day.例4.The

youngss.tudent

dvid.aol.l

that

he

couldto

pass

(apdavsesr)bthiaelexaminations.例5.Some

people

say

that

children,whoare

smart

and

strong-willed,are

very11himself:

“The

night

will

be

very

dark.”注意 ：分詞作伴隨狀語，原因狀語，條件狀語等時(shí)，要看它與邏輯主語的關(guān)系確定形式。例6.

Hs.e

savw.

theos.

tone,

saying(say)

to12注意 ：1.

分詞做狀語時(shí)，主要看它與句子主語之間的關(guān)系確定形式。2.分詞做后置定語時(shí)，主要看它與被修飾詞之間的關(guān)系確定形式。later

this

year

to

review

the

film.例8.

…….Lesss.ons

learned

(learn)

insports

can

hve.

lp

uos.

in

our

dealingwithother

people.例7.There

wv.ill

be

amse.eting,starting

(start)13應(yīng)試策略14非謂語動(dòng)詞，包括V-ing形式、V-ed形式和動(dòng)詞不定式。做題時(shí)確定所給出的詞與其所修飾的詞或其邏輯主語的關(guān)系。如果與中心詞是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，一般用V-ing形式；如果與中心詞是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，一般用V-ed形式

；如果表示將來或目的，

一般用動(dòng)詞不定式。技巧2 ：詞類轉(zhuǎn)換題要先確定在句中的成分。16例1.In

a

dangerous(danger)part

of

the

seaoff

the

coast

of

New

Zealand,theylearnt

to……例2.There

must

be

something

seriously

(serious)wrong

with

our

society.harder(hard)

and

finally

made17himself

out.例3.Your

mistake

caused

a

lot

of

unnecessary

(necessity)

work

in

theoffice.例4.The

other

frog

went

on

jumping

ashard

as

he

could….He

jumpedevenappearanceMost

of

the

people

in

the

town

showed

pityon

him,

but

it

was

useless

(use).But

a

recent

study

saw

things

quitedifferently

(different).The

order

in

which

they

finished

woulddecide

the

order

oftheir(appear)

in

the

Chinese

calendar.18my4.…,so

I’mvery

careful

notto

give

out

personal

(person)

information.exercisescheaperOne

of

the

wors(tbad)

gift

choicesI

ever

made

was

for

my

high

schoolEnglish

teacher,

Ms

Chen.For

a

family

of

four,

for

example,

it

ismore

convenient

as

well

as(cheap)

to

sit

comfortably

at

home,…19應(yīng)試策略20括號(hào)內(nèi)給出形容詞或副詞，要根

據(jù)上下文語境確定用原級(jí)、比較級(jí)還是最高級(jí)形式。形容詞修飾名詞/代詞副詞修飾動(dòng)詞/形容詞/副詞/句子It

is/was+形容詞（+for/of

sb)+to

do括號(hào)內(nèi)給出單詞的其他形式，通過分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，判斷句子缺少什么成分（修飾什么詞），再用正確的單詞形式補(bǔ)充完整，該空同時(shí)考查同學(xué)們的單詞拼寫能力。21純空格類考點(diǎn)講解：22冠詞代詞介詞連詞或副詞引導(dǎo)詞Read

the

following

sentencesand

fill

in

the

blanks

according

tothe

requirements.

Then

find

outthe

rules

.1.An

only

child

will

succeed

forsame

reason.mightbeprevent

childhood

accidents.23

theYoucannowmake

an

educated

decision

about

whatcareer

to

pursue.The

author

of

the

study

suggestedthat

encouraging

more

books

readingusefaul

way

to冠詞如果空格后是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，就應(yīng)該考慮空格處是否需要填不定冠詞(a,an)，如果是特指，就要定冠詞the。如果空格后是序數(shù)詞、最高級(jí)或提及上文提到過的人或物等時(shí)，就應(yīng)該考慮空格處是否需要填定冠詞(the)。應(yīng)試策略24Firstly,

we

must

understand

thelanguagewhenwehear

it

spoken.Thelittleboypulled

his

right

handout

of

the

pocket

and

studied

a

numberof

coins

in

it.I

patiently

walked

to

the

library,tookmy

seat

and

did

some

deep

breathing

tohelp

relax

myself

.25代詞首先找出代詞所指代的名詞，根據(jù)其在句中所充當(dāng)?shù)某煞执_定用哪個(gè)代詞。如果空格后是名詞，就應(yīng)該考慮空格處是否用物主代詞(my,your,his等)、指示代詞(this,that等)、不定代詞(few,little,many,much,all,each,every,

both,neither,other等)、名詞所有

格或形容詞等進(jìn)行修飾。應(yīng)試策略261.Television

is

now

playing

a

very

importantrole our

life.273.It

was

in

this

very

room

that

Igave

birthLinda

seventeen

years

ago.2.…more

than

nine

thousand

youngAmericans,

dissatisfied

with

their

trainingathome,wenttoGermany

for

advancedstudy.

toin介詞應(yīng)試策略28掌握一些常用介詞的用法、含義和固定搭配；介詞可位于名詞之前。如atnight,

on

Sunday等；也可位于形容詞之后，如be

interested

in,

begoodat等；還可位于

不及物動(dòng)詞之后

，如

listen

to,arrive

at,

lookfor等。and

finished

the

race

first.If

a

family

has

many

children,

the

middleone

sometimes

gets

lost

in

the

crowd.The

youngest

child,

however

,

often

getsspecial

treatment.As

the

ox

came

ashore,

the

rat

jumped

off29the

rat

got

the

first

year

named

after

himand

the

ox

got

the

second

year.3.…

I

asked

my

classmates

about

herinterest

and

then

I

made

myfinaldecision.So/Thus連詞或副詞表示遞進(jìn)：further,

furthermore,

moreover,

inaddition等；but,nevertheless,however,yet,while,although,

though,等。表示轉(zhuǎn)折：空格前后兩個(gè)句子都含有主謂結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，則要

根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，選擇適當(dāng)?shù)母痹~或連詞。表示并列：

and,or等；表示因果：

so,

for,

therefore,

thus等；應(yīng)試策略30

that引導(dǎo)詞1.

One

day,

he

came

up

with

an

idea31

that

he

would

pick

up

all

of

his

cropa

fewinches.

2.Some

people

say

that

oldest

children,who

are

smart

and

strong-willed,

arevery

likely

to

succeed.3.So

careless

was

II

hadforgotten

all

about

that.空格前后都是一個(gè)句子,做題時(shí)應(yīng)該從句子的意義去判斷是屬于什么類型的復(fù)合句（定語從句、名詞性從句或者狀語從句），再確定填什么引導(dǎo)詞。應(yīng)試策略32如何判斷從句類型？空格前是名詞空格前是及物動(dòng)詞空格前是系動(dòng)詞空格在句首定語從句同位語語從句主語從句狀語從句所填詞在后面句子中充當(dāng)成分不充當(dāng)成分所填詞在后面句子中充當(dāng)主賓表所填詞在后面句子中充當(dāng)各類狀語賓語從句表語從句判斷狀語從句類型時(shí)還可以根據(jù)前后句子之間的意思及邏輯關(guān)系來判斷是什么狀語從句33一步來把全文看，把握主旨邏輯線；二步開始做答案，容易做的先做完；難題放在第三步，上下文里找答案；四步復(fù)讀很關(guān)鍵，保證全文意貫通。34352012年廣東英語高考語法填空題Mary

will

never

forget

the

first

time

she

saw

him.

Hesuddenly

appeared

in

class

one

day,

____16____(wear)

_____17_______18__thefactthatshesatin

19

lastrow.____20___he

thought

he

could

escape

attention

by___21__22___wearingsun

glasses

.

He

walked

in

as

if

he

_

had

bought_(buy)

theschool.

And

the

word

quickly

got

around

that

he

was

fromNew

York

City.For

some

reason

he

sat

beside

Mary.

Mary

felt

_pleased

_(please

),

because

there

were

many

empty

seats

in

the

room.But

she

quickly

realized

that

it

wasn’t

her,

it

was

probablytheAlthoughsitting

at

the

back,

he

was

wrong.

It

might

have

made

it

alittle

_

harder

(hard)

for

everybody

because

it

meantthey

had

to

turn

around,

but

that

didn’t

stop

the

kids

inthe

class

.

Of

course

whenever

they

turned

to

look

at

him,they

had

to

look

atMary,

which

made

her

feel

like

astar.36“Do

you

need

those

glasses

for

medicalreasons?”

the

teacher

asked.

The

new

boy

shook

hishead.”Then

I’d

appreciate

it

if

you

didn’t

wearthem

in

class.

I

like

to

look

at

your

eyes

when

I’mspeaking

to

you.”

The

new

boy

looked

at

theteacher23__

a

few

secondsand

all

the

otherstudents

wondered__24___25_off

,

gave

a

big

smile

and

said“Thathe

tookiscool”.

forwhat

_

the

boy

would

do.Then37them__16near

the

back,

and

then

I

noticed

a

man18

_____19___

(pret__20____21__trying

to

talk,

but

after

some

minutes22walked232011年廣東高考英語語法填空One

Sunday

morning

in

August

I

went

to

localmusic

festival.

I

left

early

because

I

had

anappointment

_later

_(late)

that

day.

My

friendswalked

me

to

the

bus

stop

an