浙江省強(qiáng)基聯(lián)盟2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期12月月考英語(yǔ)試題

浙江強(qiáng)基聯(lián)盟2023學(xué)年第一學(xué)期高一12月聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試題考生須知：1.本試題卷分選擇題和非選擇題兩部分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘。2.答題前，在答題卷指定區(qū)域填寫班級(jí)、姓名、考場(chǎng)號(hào)、座位號(hào)及準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)。3.所有答案必須寫在答題卷上，寫在試卷上無(wú)效。4.考試結(jié)束后，只需上交答題卷。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.WhatisLucybusywithrecently?A.Seeingfriends.B.Writingpapers.C.Readingbooks.2.Whatdoesthemandislike?A.Livingonhisown.B.Cookingmeals.C.Doingthedishes.3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Shoppingonline.B.Personalhobbies.C.Famouswebsites.4.HowwillthemangotoWashington?A.Bycar.B.Byair.C.Bytrain.5.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthedinner?A.Theserviceisgood.B.Thereistoomuchfood.C.Thepriceistooexpensive.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhatdoweknowaboutMr.Chen?A.Hisflightwouldbechanged.B.Hisplanehadfewpassengers.C.Hissecretarybookedtheflight.7.HowdoesMr.Chensound?A.Hopeful.B.Content.C.Confused.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inarestaurant.B.Inthekitchen.C.Onthefield.9.Whatistheweatherliketoday?A.Windy.B.Cold.C.Nice.10.WhowillgowithGracetothegame?A.Herdad.B.Hergrandpa.C.Herfriends.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.WhatdoesthemansayaboutLine3intheGrimsbyplant?A.Thelinewasbusy.B.Therobotsbrokedown.C.Theworkersmadenoises.12.WhatdoesHelenoffertodo?A.Sendsomerobots.B.Repairtherobots.C.Redesigntherobots.13.Whydoesthemancallthewoman?A.Tomakeacomplaint.B.Tomakeatrade.C.Toaskforhelp.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Whatisthewoman’sproblem?A.Sheistoothin.B.Sheisill.C.Sheisgainingweight.15.WhatdoesDevonsuggestMarydo?A.Eatlessthanusual.B.Dothesamesport.C.Gorunningtwiceaweek.16.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheman’sidea?A.Bad.B.Strange.C.Excellent.17.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Buildmuscles.B.Buyhealthysnacks.C.Takeherclass.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.WhatdowelearnabouttheNorthAtlanticrightwhale?A.Morebabiesareborn.B.Thereareabout511intheworld.C.TheycanbeonlyfoundinCapeCodBay.19.Whathascausedthedecreaseofthewhalepopulationinrecentyears?A.Oceanpollution.B.Globalwarming.C.Humanhunting.20.WhydowhalestraveltothenortheastcoastofAmericaintheearlyspring?A.Togivebirthtobabies.B.Tolookforfood.C.Tofindasafeplace.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AEasyChemistryExperimentstoDoatHomeNotallsciencerequireslabs.Youcanexplorethefunofscienceinyourownkitchen.Herearesomescienceexperimentsandprojectsyoucandothatusecommonkitchenchemicals.Clickthroughtheimagesforacollectionofeasykitchenscienceexperiments.MentosanddietsodafountainExplorethescienceofbubblesandpressureusingMentoscandiesandabottleofsoda.Asthecandiesdissolveinsoda,thetinypitsformedontheirsurfaceallowcarbondioxidebubblestogrow.Theprocessoccursquickly,producingasuddenburstoffoamfromthenarrowneckofthebottle.Experimentmaterials:Mentoscandies,soda.BakingsodaandvinegarvolcanokitchenexperimentYoucangetavolcaniceruptionusingkitchenchemicals.Experimentmaterials:bakingsoda,vinegar,water,foodcoloring.Makewaterfireworksinaglassfromwateranddye(染料)Don’tworry—thereisnoexplosionordangerinthisproject!The“fireworks”takeplaceinaglassofwater.Experimentmaterials:water,oil,foodcoloring.MakehoticeusingvinegarandbakingsodaYoucanmake“hotice”athomeusingbakingsodaandvinegar.Thereactioncreatesheat,sotheiceishot.Ithappenssoquickly.Youcanformcrystaltowersasyoupourtheliquidintoadish.Experimentmaterials:vinegar,bakingsoda.1.Whichexperimentneedssweets?A.Mentosanddietsodafountain.B.Bakingsodaandvinegarvolcano.C.Makewaterfireworksinaglass.D.Makehoticeusingvinegarandbakingsoda.2.Whatdothefourexperimentshaveincommon?A.Theyallneedsoda. B.Theyallaredangerous.C.Theyallcanbringyoujoy. D.Theyallmustbedoneinthekitchen.3.Whereisthepassagetakenfrom?A.Anewspaper. B.Awebsite. C.Amagazine. D.Atextbook.【答案】1.A2.C3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了四個(gè)可以在家中操作的簡(jiǎn)易有趣的化學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Mentosanddietsodafountain中“Experimentmaterials:Mentoscandies,soda.”（實(shí)驗(yàn)材料：曼妥思糖果，蘇打水。）可知，Mentosanddietsodafountain這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)需要糖果。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Youcanexplorethefunofscienceinyourownkitchen.”（你可以在自己的廚房里探索科學(xué)的樂(lè)趣。）可知，這四個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)的共同之處是他們都能給你帶來(lái)快樂(lè)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章大意以及第二段“Clickthroughtheimagesforacollectionofeasykitchenscienceexperiments.”（點(diǎn)擊圖片查看一系列簡(jiǎn)單的廚房科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)。）可推知，這篇文章應(yīng)該是來(lái)自網(wǎng)站。故選B項(xiàng)。B20-year-oldColenNulgitandhisgirlfriend,ShantelleJohnson,hadgoneoutforadaytimefishingtripatKeepRiverNationalParkinAustralialastweekwhentheircarbecamestuckinsomemud(淤泥).Whentheywereunabletofreethecarfromthemud,theybegantoworry.Thepark’swaterwaysareusuallyfullofcrocodiles(鱷魚),andthecouplehadalreadyseenplentyofcrocodiletracksrunningthroughthemud.Notonlythat,theyhadonlybroughtafewbottlesofwaterandlittlefoodforthetrip.NulgitandJohnsontriedtofallasleepintheircar—butasthesunsetandthenearbywaterlevelsbegantorise,theyfearedthatthehighwaterwouldbringthecrocodilesclosertotheircar.Theyoungcouplethenmovedtowardsdrylandandhopedforrescue.Theyevenusedapieceofwoodtowritetheword“HELP”intothemudalongwithalinepointingtowardstheircar.Thankfully,thecouplehadtoldNulgit’sparentswheretheyweregoingandwhentheyexpectedtobehomebeforetheyleft.Sowhentheyfailedtoreturntheverysamenight,hisworriedmothercalledthepolice.Rescuersbegansearchingtheareabyairplanethenextmorning.Uponhearingthesoundoftheplane,thecouplestartedafiresotherescuerswouldseethesmoke.Astheplanedrewclosertothesmoke,therescuerssuccessfullylocatedthecoupleaftertheycaughtsightofthe“HELP”signpointingtowardsthecar.NulgitandJohnsonwereverythankfulfortherescue.Theynowplanonputtingtogetherasetofemergencysurvivaltoolsforthecar.4.Whydidtheyoungcouplemovetodryland?A.Becausetheircarbecamestuckinsomemud.B.Becausetheywantedtofallasleepintheircarthatnight.C.Becausetheywereafraidthecrocodileswouldcometotheircar.D.Becausetheyonlybroughtafewbottlesofwaterandlittlefood.5.WhatdidNulgitandJohnsondotosavethemselves?A.Theywroteasignforhelp. B.Theywentfishingforfood.C.Theystartedafireforwarmth. D.Theycalledtheirparentsforhelp.6.WhendidNulgit’smothercallthepolice?A.Theeveningwhentheyshouldhavearrivedhome. B.Themomenttheircarbecamestuckinsomemud.C.Theminuteshereceivedtheircallforhelp. D.Uponhearingthesoundoftheplane.7.Whichofthefollowingistrue?A.Atthesightoftherescuers,thecouplebroughtintotears.B.Thecouplesuccessfullycaughttherescuers’attentionbysmoke.C.Therescuersbegansearchingtheareathemomenttheyreceivedthecall.D.Afterbeingrescued,thecoupleboughtsomesurvivaltoolsforcaratonce.【答案】4.C5.A6.A7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。本文講述的是一對(duì)年輕夫婦在野外遇險(xiǎn)又脫險(xiǎn)的故事?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“NulgitandJohnsontriedtofallasleepintheircar—butasthesunsetandthenearbywaterlevelsbegantorise,theyfearedthatthehighwaterwouldbringthecrocodilesclosertotheircar.Theyoungcouplethenmovedtowardsdrylandandhopedforrescue.(納爾吉特和約翰遜試圖在他們的車?yán)锼?，但隨著太陽(yáng)落山，附近的水位開始上升，他們擔(dān)心高水位會(huì)讓鱷魚靠近他們的車。這對(duì)年輕夫婦隨后向陸地移動(dòng)，希望能得到救援)”可知，這對(duì)年輕夫婦搬到陸地上是因?yàn)樗麄兒ε瞒{魚會(huì)來(lái)他們的車。故選C。【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Theyevenusedapieceofwoodtowritetheword“HELP”intothemudalongwithalinepointingtowardstheircar.(他們甚至用一塊木頭在泥里寫了“救命”兩個(gè)字，還用一條線指著他們的車)”可知，夫妻倆用在淤泥里寫“Help”一詞的方法來(lái)求救。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Thankfully,thecouplehadtoldNulgit’sparentswheretheyweregoingandwhentheyexpectedtobehomebeforetheyleft.Sowhentheyfailedtoreturntheverysamenight,hisworriedmothercalledthepolice.(幸運(yùn)的是，這對(duì)夫婦在離開前告訴了紐爾吉特的父母他們要去哪里，以及他們預(yù)計(jì)什么時(shí)候回家。因此，當(dāng)他們當(dāng)天晚上沒有回來(lái)時(shí)，他擔(dān)心的母親報(bào)了警)”可知，男方的媽媽在當(dāng)晚就報(bào)了警。故選A。【7題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Uponhearingthesoundoftheplane,thecouplestartedafiresotherescuerswouldseethesmoke.Astheplanedrewclosertothesmoke,therescuerssuccessfullylocatedthecoupleaftertheycaughtsightofthe“HELP”signpointingtowardsthecar.(聽到飛機(jī)的聲音后，這對(duì)夫婦點(diǎn)燃了火，這樣救援人員就能看到煙霧。隨著飛機(jī)越來(lái)越靠近濃煙，救援人員在看到指向汽車的“救命”標(biāo)志后，成功地找到了這對(duì)夫婦)”可知，B選項(xiàng)“這對(duì)夫婦成功地通過(guò)煙霧引起了救援人員的注意”正確。故選B。CTheNobeleconomicsprizewasawardedonMondaytoHarvardUniversityprofessorClaudiaGoldinforresearchthathasadvancedtheunderstandingofthegender(性別)gapinthelabormarket.TheannouncementwentatinysteptoclosingtheNobelcommittee’sowngendergap:Goldinisjustthethirdwomantowintheprizeoutof93economicslaureates(獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)?.Shehasstudied200yearsofwomen’sparticipationintheworkplace,showingthatdespitecontinuedeconomicgrowth,women’spaydidnotcontinuouslycatchuptomen’sandadividestillexistsdespitewomengaininghigherlevelsofeducationthanmen.“I’vealwaysbeenanoptimist.ButwhenIlookedatthenumbers,Ifoundinthe1990s,ourlaborforceparticipationrateforwomenwasthehighestintheworld,andnowitisn’tthehighestintheworld,”GoldintoldTheAssociatedPress.“AlthoughGoldin’sresearchdoesnotoffersolutions,itallowspolicymakerstodealwiththeproblem,”saidRandiHjalmarsson,amemberoftheNobelcommittee.“Sheexplainsthesourceofthegap,andhowit’schangedovertimeandhowitchangeswiththestageofdevelopment.Byfinallyunderstandingtheproblemandcallingitbytherightname,wewillfindasolution.”Goldin,77,toldAPthatwhathappensinpeople’shomesreflectswhathappensintheworkplace.Womenoftenhavetotakejobsthatallowthemtobeoncallathome—workthatoftenpaysless.“Goldintriedtofillinmissingdataforherresearch,”Hjalmarssonsaid.Forpartsofhistory,systematiclabormarketrecordsdidnotexist,and,iftheydid,informationaboutwomenwasmissing.“SoGoldinhadtobeadetectivetofindnoveldatasourcesandcreativewaystousethemtomeasuretheseunknowns.”8.Whatcanweinferfromthesecondparagraph?A.Mengainedhigherlevelsofeducationthanwomen.B.Thewomen’spaycaughtuptomen’s200hundredsyearsago.C.ManywomenscientistshavewontheNobeleconomicsprizetheseyears.D.Atthelate20thcentury,Americanwomenlaborforceparticipationratewasthetop.9.Whichofthefollowingisright?A.RandiHjalmarssondidn’tagreewithGoldin.B.Mostofthewomenusuallyprefertobehousewives.C.Whathappensinfamilylifeoftenmirrorsthatintheworkplace.D.Goldin’sresearchofferedthepolicymakerssolutionstotheproblem.10.WhichisachallengethatClaudiaGoldinfacedinherresearch?A.Lackofexperience. B.Lackofsupport.C.Lackofmoney. D.Lackofdata.11.What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A.ASolutiontotheGenderGapintheLaborMarketB.ClaudiaGoldin—aGreatEconomicsDataDetectiveC.TheThirdWomanWhoWinstheNobelPrizeintheWorldD.NobelEconomicsPrizeGoestoHarvardUniversityWomanProfessor【答案】8.D9.C10.D11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹的是哈佛大學(xué)教授Claudia獲得諾貝爾經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)的事跡?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“ButwhenIlookedatthenumbers,Ifoundinthe1990s,ourlaborforceparticipationrateforwomenwasthehighestintheworld,andnowitisn’tthehighestintheworld,”GoldintoldTheAssociatedPress.(但當(dāng)我看到這些數(shù)字時(shí)，我發(fā)現(xiàn)在20世紀(jì)90年代，我們的女性勞動(dòng)力參與率是世界上最高的，而現(xiàn)在它不是世界上最高的，”Goldin告訴美聯(lián)社。)”可知，在20世紀(jì)末，美國(guó)婦女的勞動(dòng)參與率是最高的。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第一個(gè)句子“Goldin,77,toldAPthatwhathappensinpeople’shomesreflectswhathappensintheworkplace.(77歲的Goldin告訴美聯(lián)社，人們家里發(fā)生的事情反映了工作場(chǎng)所發(fā)生的事情。)”可知，人們?cè)诩彝ブ邪l(fā)生的情況往往在工作中有相同的反映。故選C?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Goldintriedtofillinmissingdataforherresearch,”Hjalmarssonsaid.Forpartsofhistory,systematiclabormarketrecordsdidnotexist,and,iftheydid,informationaboutwomenwasmissing.(Goldin試圖為她的研究填補(bǔ)缺失的數(shù)據(jù)，”Hjalmarsson說(shuō)。在歷史上的某些時(shí)期，系統(tǒng)的勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)記錄并不存在，即使存在，關(guān)于女性的信息也缺失了。)”可知，她研究需要的很多數(shù)據(jù)缺失，或者是有關(guān)女性部分的數(shù)據(jù)缺失，所以她不得不像偵探一樣去尋找新的數(shù)據(jù)并運(yùn)用。即ClaudiaGoldin在她的研究中面臨的挑戰(zhàn)是缺乏數(shù)據(jù)。故選D?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“TheNobeleconomicsprizewasawardedonMondaytoHarvardUniversityprofessorClaudiaGoldinforresearchthathasadvancedtheunderstandingofthegender(性別)gapinthelabormarket.(周一，諾貝爾經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)被授予哈佛大學(xué)教授克勞迪婭·戈?duì)柖。员碚盟诖龠M(jìn)人們對(duì)勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)性別差距的理解方面所做的研究。)”及全文可知，文章主要介紹了今年的諾貝爾經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)由哈佛大學(xué)的一位女教授獲得。故D“NobelEconomicsPrizeGoestoHarvardUniversityWomanProfessor(諾貝爾經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)授予哈佛大學(xué)女教授)”為最佳選項(xiàng)。其他選項(xiàng)中均有錯(cuò)誤信息。故選D。DPlayingtennismightaddyearstoyourlife,accordingtoanewstudyofDanishmenandwomen.Thestudyfoundthatadultswhofrequentlyparticipateintennisorotherracket(球拍)andteamsportslivedlongerthanpeoplewhowerespendingalotoftimesittingdown.Theyalsolivedlongerthanpeoplewhotookpartinactivitiessuchasjogging,swimmingandcycling.Theresultsraiseinterestingquestionsabouttherolethatsocialinteractionsmightplayinenlargingthebenefitsofexercise.Noonedoubtsthatbeingphysicallyactiveimprovesourhealthandcanextendourlongevity(壽命).Butwhethersomeactivitiesmightbebetterthanothersremainsinargument.Onewidelypublicized2017studyofmorethan80,000Britishmenandwomenfoundthatthosewhoplayedracketsportsliketennistendedtooutlivethosewhojogged.Theresearcherswidenedtheirinquiryandlookedatavarietyofsportsandtheirassociationswithlife.Tostart,theyturnedtothesamedataresourcetheyhadusedforthejoggingstudy,theCopenhagenCityHeartStudy.Thestudy’sparticipantshadallcompletedhealthexamsandlengthyquestionnairesabouttheirlifestylesandwhetherandhowoftentheytookpartinsomesportscommoninDenmark,includingcycling,swimming,running,tennis,soccerand,perhapsunexpectedly,badminton.Accordingtothedata,cyclingaddedanaverageof3.7yearstoriders’lives,comparedtosedentaryDanes.Runningadded3.2yearswhiletennis9.7years.Theseassociationsremainedunchangedevenwhentheresearcherscontrolledforpeople’seducation,socioeconomicstatusandage.“Whyandhowsomesportsmightaddmoreyearstopeople’slivesthanothersisimpossibletoknowfromthiskindofobservationalstudy,”saysDr.JamesO’Keefe,astudyco-author.“Butweknowthatsocialsupportprobablyhasuniqueeffectsonhelpingpeoplegetmorebenefitsfromtheexercise.”Fornow,peoplewhorunorridealonemightconsiderfindingagrouporpartnertoworkouttogether.“Raisingyourheartrateisimportantforhealth,”hesays.“Butitlookslikeconnectingwithotherpeopleis,too.”12.Accordingtothepassage,whichactivitymayhelppeoplelivelonger?A.Cycling. B.Runningmarathon.C.Swimming. D.Playingbadminton.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“sedentary”inthefourthparagraphmean?A.Inactive. B.Outgoing. C.Depressed. D.Easygoing.14.WhichmayDr.JamesO’Keeferecommendaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Exercisingalone. B.Workingouttogether.C.Workingoutregularly. D.Raisingone’sheartrate.15.Itissuggestedinthepassagethat________.A.womenwhopreferteamsportslivelongerthanmenB.people’seducationandsocioeconomicstatusaffecttheirlongevityC.thereasonwhysomesportsmightaddmoreyearstopeople’slivesisstillunknownD.80,000Danishmenandwomenparticipatedinthesurvey【答案】12.D13.A14.B15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文主要介紹的是根據(jù)一項(xiàng)新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，打網(wǎng)球或參加其他球類或團(tuán)體體育運(yùn)動(dòng)的人，不僅比長(zhǎng)時(shí)間久坐的人壽命長(zhǎng)，同時(shí)也比那些喜歡參加像慢跑、游泳、騎車這類單獨(dú)完成的運(yùn)動(dòng)的人壽命長(zhǎng)。這說(shuō)明社交互動(dòng)可以放大運(yùn)動(dòng)帶來(lái)的好處，也可以延長(zhǎng)人的壽命?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Thestudyfoundthatadultswhofrequentlyparticipateintennisorotherracket(球拍)andteamsportslivedlongerthanpeoplewhowerespendingalotoftimesittingdown.(研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，經(jīng)常參加網(wǎng)球或其他球拍運(yùn)動(dòng)以及團(tuán)隊(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)的成年人比長(zhǎng)時(shí)間坐著的人壽命更長(zhǎng))”可知，打羽毛球可以幫助人們活得更長(zhǎng)。故選D?！?3題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段“Thestudyfoundthatadultswhofrequentlyparticipateintennisorotherracket(球拍)andteamsportslivedlongerthanpeoplewhowerespendingalotoftimesittingdown.(研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，經(jīng)常參加網(wǎng)球或其他球拍運(yùn)動(dòng)以及團(tuán)隊(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)的成年人比長(zhǎng)時(shí)間坐著的人壽命更長(zhǎng))”以及劃線詞上文“Accordingtothedata,cyclingaddedanaverageof3.7yearstoriders’lives,comparedto”可知，數(shù)據(jù)顯示，與久坐不動(dòng)的丹麥人相比，騎自行車的人的壽命平均延長(zhǎng)了3.7年。故“sedentary”是“久坐的”意思，故A項(xiàng)詞義最接近。故選A。【14題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Butitlookslikeconnectingwithotherpeopleis,too.(但看起來(lái)與其他人交流也是如此)”可知，Dr.JamesO’Keefe建議大家多參加球類等團(tuán)體運(yùn)動(dòng)，因?yàn)樯缃换?dòng)可以放大運(yùn)動(dòng)帶來(lái)的好處。故選B?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Whyandhowsomesportsmightaddmoreyearstopeople’slivesthanothersisimpossibletoknowfromthiskindofobservationalstudy(從這種觀察性研究中不可能知道為什么以及如何一些運(yùn)動(dòng)可能比其他運(yùn)動(dòng)延長(zhǎng)人們的壽命)”可知，為什么有些運(yùn)動(dòng)可以延長(zhǎng)人的壽命的原因還不清楚。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Theactofspendingtimeintheforestiscalledshinrin-yoku,meaningbathingintheforestatmosphere.Itisnotexerciseorhikingorjogging.Itisbeinginnatureandconnectingwithnature.____16____Itcanimproveyourimmune(免疫)system,lowerbloodpressureandhelpwithdepression.Followthetipsbelowtoexperienceforestbathing.Findaplacewhereyou’resurroundedbytrees.Theidealplacetohaveaforestbathisintheforest.Butifyoulivefarawayfromoneordon’thavethemeanstogetthere,anyplacethathasalotoftreesandquietspaceswilldo.Youcanevengetbeneficialeffectsfromacitypark.____17____Setasidealargeamountoftime.Togetthefinalrewardsofshinrin-yoku,plantospendtwotosixhoursinthewoods.____18____Ifyoucan’tsetasideagoodpartofyourdaytowanderthroughtheforest,youcanalsodoshorterwalks.Anyway,thelongerthetimeintheforest,thebetter.____19____Thedifferencebetweennormalactivitiesandforestbathingisthatwe’regoingtomoveveryslowly.Forestbathingisaboutcalmingdownyournervoussystemandreducingyourheartrateandbloodpressure.Ifyouworktoohardphysically,yourtirednesswillreducetheeffectofforestbathing.Quiteoften,whenwearebathedintheforest,itsendssomethingbacktohelpusmakesenseofwhat’sgoingoninourlife.____20____Youmaybesurprisedbywhatyoudiscover.A.Aimtoreduceheartrate.B.Enjoysweatinginforestbathing.C.Forestbathingforaboutthatamountoftimehelpsimproveimmunity.DButthehealthbenefitswillnotbegreatifyoudon’tstaytherelonger.E.Now,findaspotintheforestortheparkandbreatheinthesmellofnature.F.Notonlyisforestbathingawaytoexplorenature,it’salsogoodforyourhealth.G.However,thehealthbenefitswon’tbeasobviousaswalkinginthedeepwoods.【答案】16.F17.G18.C19.A20.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了“森林浴”的體驗(yàn)方式。【16題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Theactofspendingtimeintheforestiscalledshinrin-yoku,meaningbathingintheforestatmosphere.Itisnotexerciseorhikingorjogging.Itisbeinginnatureandconnectingwithnature.(在森林中度過(guò)一段時(shí)間的行為被稱為shinrin-yoku，意思是在森林的氣氛中沐浴。它不是運(yùn)動(dòng)、遠(yuǎn)足或慢跑。它是在自然中并與自然聯(lián)系)”可知，這里介紹了Forestbathing與自然相關(guān)(connectingwithnature)，與選項(xiàng)中notonly部分的總結(jié)對(duì)應(yīng)。后文介紹其好處，與選項(xiàng)中butalso部分呼應(yīng)，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“Notonlyisforestbathingawaytoexplorenature,it’salsogoodforyourhealth.(森林浴不僅是一種探索自然的方式，對(duì)你的健康也有好處)”符合語(yǔ)境，故選F?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Theidealplacetohaveaforestbathisintheforest.Butifyoulivefarawayfromoneordon’thavethemeanstogetthere,anyplacethathasalotoftreesandquietspaceswilldo.Youcanevengetbeneficialeffectsfromacitypark.(森林浴的理想場(chǎng)所是在森林里。但如果你住得離公園很遠(yuǎn)，或者沒有辦法去那里，任何有很多樹和安靜空間的地方都可以。你甚至可以從城市公園得到有益的影響)”可知，本段主要介紹了進(jìn)行Forestbathing的場(chǎng)地問(wèn)題，G項(xiàng)表示轉(zhuǎn)折，介紹了樹林深處散步比在城市公園散步益處明顯。G項(xiàng)“However,thehealthbenefitswon’tbeasobviousaswalkinginthedeepwoods.(然而，健康的好處不會(huì)像在樹林深處散步那么明顯)”符合語(yǔ)境，故選G?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Togetthefinalrewardsofshinrin-yoku,plantospendtwotosixhoursinthewoods.(要想獲得神人的最終獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，計(jì)劃在樹林里呆上兩到六個(gè)小時(shí))”可知，這里建議在森林里呆一段時(shí)長(zhǎng)。選項(xiàng)C中的thatamountoftime指代前文中的twotosixhours，C項(xiàng)“Forestbathingforaboutthatamountoftimehelpsimproveimmunity.(森林浴大約這么長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間有助于提高免疫力)”符合語(yǔ)境，故選C。【19題詳解】設(shè)空處是小標(biāo)題概括，根據(jù)下面的“Forestbathingisaboutcalmingdownyournervoussystemandreducingyourheartrateandbloodpressure.(森林浴可以讓你的神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)平靜下來(lái)，降低你的心率和血壓)”可知，本段講述的是森林浴給神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)帶來(lái)的好處，A選項(xiàng)在該段中能找到重復(fù)詞匯reduceheartrate，A項(xiàng)“Aimtoreduceheartrate.(目標(biāo)是降低心率)”符合語(yǔ)境，故選A。20題詳解】在前文幾條建議的基礎(chǔ)上，尾段應(yīng)該在呼吁行動(dòng)起來(lái)，E選項(xiàng)為祈使句，與后文“Youmaybesurprisedbywhatyoudiscover.(你可能會(huì)對(duì)你的發(fā)現(xiàn)感到驚訝)”一致，E項(xiàng)“Now,findaspotintheforestortheparkandbreatheinthesmellofnature.(現(xiàn)在，在森林或公園里找一個(gè)地方，呼吸大自然的氣味)”符合語(yǔ)境，故選E。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。AfterMia,ColinandLaurentwerediagnosed(診斷)withRP,ageneticdiseasethatwouldgraduallyrobthemoftheir____21____,anideaofayear-longtripwasborn.Forthechildren’sparents,EdithandSebastien,thediagnosescameasa____22____.“Sofar,thereisnocure,”saidthedoctor.“Everythinghastochange,”Edithsaid____23____.Theydecidedthattheirchildrenshouldnotbekeptinnocentandunaware.They____24____everythingandbegantalkingaboutatriptoshowthemtheworld,notthroughbooksandlecturesinaclassroom,but____25____—whilethekidscouldstillseeit.Forthenexttwoyears,EdithandSebastien____26____towork.Theysavedmoney,____27____touristattractionsandmade____28____fortheirbigtrip.Inearly2022,theywereready.They____29____theirjobs,rentedouttheirhomeforthenext_____30_____andgatheredtextbookssothekidscouldstudyafewtimesaweek.OnMonday,March21,they_____31_____.Overthemonths,theworldconstantly_____32_____itself.Often,itwaspurefunandadventure,likewhenthefamilywentupinahot-airballoonincelebrationofLaurent’sfifthbirthday.They_____33_____talkedaboutwhytheywereabroad,withoneexception.Oneday,Laurentaskedunconsciously,“Whatdoesitmeantobeblind?”“Beingblinddoesn’tmeanthe_____34_____oftheworld,”Edithsaid.“Rather,itwouldbethestartofanewlife.”Bythetimethetripbeganto_____35_____,thefamilyhadtravelledover52,000milesandvisited13countries.21.A.hearing B.life C.sight D.strength22.A.chance B.strike C.surprise D.relief23.A.inshock B.inhorror C.introuble D.intears24.A.explained B.accepted C.hid D.sold25.A.onpurpose B.inperson C.atrandom D.bydesign26.A.pretended B.stopped C.continued D.hurried27.A.visited B.recommended C.researched D.reached28.A.plans B.money C.time D.choices29.A.finished B.quit C.changed D.preserved30.A.year B.month C.trip D.family31.A.brokeup B.tookoff C.turnedup D.setoff32.A.covered B.proved C.supported D.showed33.A.always B.often C.once D.seldom34.A.change B.loss C.end D.top35.A.close B.work C.relax D.fall【答案】21.C22.B23.D24.A25.B26.C27.C28.A29.B30.A31.D32.D33.D34.C35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了伊迪絲和塞巴斯蒂安一家為了制造回憶，在孩子們失明前進(jìn)行為期一年的旅行故事?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：米婭、科林和勞倫特被診斷出患有RP，這是一種遺傳性疾病，會(huì)逐漸奪走他們的視力，在這之后，為期一年的旅行的想法就誕生了。A.hearing聽力；B.life生命；C.sight視力；D.strength力氣。根據(jù)下文“but____5____—whilethekidscouldstillseeit.”提到看見東西，由此可知，此處應(yīng)表示這是一種遺傳性疾病，會(huì)逐漸奪走他們的視力。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：對(duì)于孩子們的父母伊迪絲和塞巴斯蒂安來(lái)說(shuō)，這些診斷結(jié)果是一個(gè)打擊。A.chance舞蹈；B.strike打擊；C.surprise驚喜；D.relief緩解。根據(jù)上文“ColinandLaurentwerediagnosedwithRP,ageneticdisease…”以及提到的會(huì)逐漸奪走他們的視力，由此可知，此處應(yīng)表示這些診斷結(jié)果是一個(gè)打擊。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：“一切都必須改變，”伊迪絲流著淚說(shuō)。A.inshock處于震驚中；B.inhorror驚恐地；C.introuble處困難中；D.intears流淚。根據(jù)上文““Sofar,thereisnocure,”saidthedoctor.”醫(yī)生說(shuō)還沒有治愈的方法，由此可知，此處應(yīng)表示伊迪絲流著淚說(shuō)這句話。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們解釋了所有的事情，并開始談?wù)撘淮蜗蛩麄冋故臼澜绲穆眯校皇峭ㄟ^(guò)書本和課堂上的講座。A.explained解釋；B.accepted接受；C.hid隱藏；D.sold銷售。根據(jù)上文“Theydecidedthattheirchildrenshouldnotbekeptinnocentandunaware.”他們決定不應(yīng)該讓他們的孩子保持無(wú)辜和無(wú)知。由此可知，此處應(yīng)表示他們解釋了所有的事情。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：他們解釋了所有的事情，并開始談?wù)撘淮螏麄內(nèi)タ词澜绲穆眯?，不是通過(guò)書本和課堂上的講座，而是親自去看——趁孩子們還能看到的時(shí)候。A.onpurpose故意地；B.inperson親自；C.atrandom隨機(jī)地；D.bydesign有意地。根據(jù)上文“notthroughbooksandlecturesinaclassroom,”不是通過(guò)書本和課堂上的講座，由此可推知，此處應(yīng)表示趁孩子們還能看到的時(shí)候，讓孩子們親自去看。故選B項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在接下來(lái)的兩年里，伊迪絲和塞巴斯蒂安繼續(xù)工作。A.pretended假裝；B.stopped停止；C.continued繼續(xù)；D.hurried催促，匆忙進(jìn)行。根據(jù)下文“Theysavedmoney,____7____touristattractionsandmade____8____fortheirbigtrip.”提到省錢和做計(jì)劃，由此可知，此處應(yīng)表示伊迪絲和塞巴斯蒂安繼續(xù)工作。故選C項(xiàng)。【27題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們省錢，研究旅游景點(diǎn)，為他們的大旅行做計(jì)劃。A.visited拜訪；B.recommended推薦；C.researched研究，為……收集資料；D.reached到達(dá)。根據(jù)下文“touristattractionsandmade____8____fortheirbigtrip”提到為他們的大旅行做計(jì)劃，由此可知，此處應(yīng)表示他們研究旅游景點(diǎn)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們省錢，研究旅游景點(diǎn)，為他們的大旅行做計(jì)劃。A.plans計(jì)劃；B.money錢；C.time時(shí)間；D.choices選擇。根據(jù)上文提到的他們省錢，研究旅游景點(diǎn)，以及下文“fortheirbigtrip”可知，此處應(yīng)表示他們?yōu)樗麄兊拇舐眯凶鲇?jì)劃。故選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們辭掉工作，把房子租出去租了一年，收集課本，這樣孩子們就可以每周學(xué)習(xí)幾次。A.finished完成；B.quit辭職；C.changed改變；D.preserved保存。根據(jù)上文提到的他們?yōu)樗麄兊拇舐眯凶鲇?jì)劃，以及下文“rentedouttheirhome”由此可知，此處應(yīng)表示他們辭掉工作，把房子租出去租了一年。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們辭掉工作，把房子租出去租了一年，收集課本，這樣孩子們就可以每周學(xué)習(xí)幾次。A.year年；B.month月；C.trip旅行；D.family家庭。根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境以及上文“rentedouttheirhomeforthenext”，由此可知，此處應(yīng)表示他們辭掉工作，把房子租出去租了一年。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：3月21日，星期一，他們出發(fā)了。A.brokeup分解，解散；B.tookoff起飛，脫下；C.turnedup出現(xiàn)；D.setoff出發(fā)，動(dòng)身。根據(jù)上文提到的他們辭掉了工作，把房子租了出去，以及為旅行做了大計(jì)劃，由此可知，此處應(yīng)表示他們出發(fā)了，開始了他們的旅行。故選D項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：幾個(gè)月來(lái)，世界不斷地展現(xiàn)自己。A.covered覆蓋；B.proved證明；C.supported支持；D.showed展示。根據(jù)下文“Often,itwaspurefunandadventure,likewhenthefamilywentupinahot-airballoonincelebrationofLaurent’sfifthbirthday.”一家人經(jīng)歷的各種活動(dòng)，由此可知，此處應(yīng)表示幾個(gè)月來(lái)，世界不斷地展現(xiàn)自己。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他們很少談?wù)撍麄兂鰢?guó)的原因，只有一個(gè)例外。A.always總是；B.often經(jīng)常；C.once曾經(jīng)；D.seldom很少，幾乎不。根據(jù)下文“withoneexception.”只有一個(gè)例外，由此可推知，此處應(yīng)表示他們很少談?wù)撍麄兂鰢?guó)的原因，只有一個(gè)例外。故選D項(xiàng)。【34題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：失明并不意味著世界末日。A.change改變；B.loss失去；C.end結(jié)束；D.top頂部。根據(jù)下文“Rather,itwouldbethestartofanewlife.”相反，這將是新生活的開始。由此可知，此處應(yīng)表示失明并不意味著世界末日。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：到旅行結(jié)束時(shí)，這家人已經(jīng)旅行了52000多英里，訪問(wèn)了13個(gè)國(guó)家。A.close結(jié)束，停止；B.work工作；C.relax放松；D.fall降落。根據(jù)下文“thefamilyhadtravelledover52,000milesandvisited13countries.”這家人已經(jīng)旅行了52000多英里，訪問(wèn)了13個(gè)國(guó)家。由此可知，此處應(yīng)表示這家人的旅行開始結(jié)束停止了。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。In1999,LecomtetraveledtoChinaforthefirsttime.Sincethen,he____36____(travel)toChinaalmostyearly.HesaysthatthevastlandsandbeautifulsceneryofChina,____37____(include)mountains,rivers,ancientvillagesandterracedfields,arethingsheneverforgets.In2009,hetraveledtoHuangshanMountain,aUNESCOWorldHeritageSite,whichisfamousforitsfive____38____(wonder):oddlyshapedpines,rockformations,seasofclouds,hots