英語托福培訓(xùn)課件

EnglishTOEFLtrainingcoursewareCATALOGUE目錄IntroductiontoTOEFLExamTOEFLlisteningtrainingTOEFLReadingTrainingTOEFLwritingtrainingTOEFLspeakingtrainingTOEFLmocktestquestionsandansweranalysisIntroductiontoTOEFLExam01VSTheTestofEnglishasaForeignLanguage(TOEFL)isastandardizedtestdesignedtomeasuretheproficiencyofnon-nativeEnglishspeakersinthelanguage.PurposeTheexamisusedprimarilybyhighereducationinstitutionstodeterminewhetherastudentisproficientenoughinEnglishtostudyattheirinstitution.DefinitionThedefinitionandpurposeoftheTOEFLexamThescoringcriteriafortheTOEFLexamReading:Examinesatesttaker'sabilitytounderstandandanalyzewrittenmaterialsinEnglish.Scoresrangefrom0-30.Listening:Assessesatesttaker'scomprehensionofspokenEnglish,includingunderstandinglecturers,classroomdiscussions,andeverydayconversations.Scoresrangefrom0-30.Speaking:Evaluatesatesttaker'sabilitytospeakfluentlyandaccuratelyinEnglish,includingpronunciation,grammar,andvocabularyusage.Scoresrangefrom0-30.Writing:Examinesatesttaker'sabilitytowritecoherentandgrammaticallycorrectEnglish,includingessaysandnote-takingtasks.Scoresrangefrom0-30.Theexamcoversallfourlanguageskills:reading,listening,speaking,andwriting.ContentTheexamtypicallyconsistsoffoursections:twosectionsofreadingandlistening,onesectionofspeaking,andonesectionofwriting.Thetotaldurationoftheexamisapproximately4hours.StructureTheContentandStructureofTOEFLTOEFLlisteningtraining02ListeningskillsandstrategiesTheabilitytopredictthepossibleanswersbasedonthecontentofthelisteningmaterialandthequestion.PredictingtheanswerskillsTheabilitytounderstandandanalyzethecontentofthelisteningmaterial,includingthemainidea,details,andrelationshipsbetweenideas.ComprehensionskillsTheabilitytoquicklyandeffectivelyrecordimportantinformationheardduringthelisteningpassage.Note-takingskillsTheseareshortdialoguesbetweentwoormorepeople,usuallyabouteverydaytopicssuchasmakingarrangements,askingforinformation,orexpressingopinions.Theymayincludecolloquiallanguageandinformalexpressions.Thesearelongerspeechesgivenbyasinglespeaker,usuallyanexpertinafield,presentinginformationorideasaboutatopic.Theymayincludetechnicallanguageandcomplexconcepts.Theseareshortreportsaboutcurrentevents,usuallyreadbyanewsreaderorpresentedbyareporter.Theymayincludenewvocabularyandcomplexsentencestructures.ConversationsLecturesortalksBroadcastnewsTypesandcharacteristicsoflisteningmaterialsThesearecommoninTOEFLlisteningexercises,askingtest-takerstochoosethecorrectanswerfromseveraloptions.Theymayaskforinformationaboutspecificdetails,mainideas,orinferencefromthelisteningmaterial.Theseasktest-takerstofillinmissingwordsorphrasesbasedonwhattheyhaveheardinthelisteningpassage.Theyrequiretest-takerstohaveagoodunderstandingofthecontentandaccuratenote-takingskills.Theseasktest-takerstosummarizethemainideaorkeypointsofthelisteningmaterialintheirownwords.Theyrequiretest-takerstohaveagoodunderstandingofthecontentandtheabilitytoorganizeinformationcoherently.Multiple-choicequestionsFill-in-the-blankquestionsSummarizingquestionsListeningexercisesandsimulationquestionsTOEFLReadingTraining03ReadingcomprehensionThisinvolvesunderstandingthemainideaanddetailsofthetext,aswellastherelationshipsbetweenthem.VocabularyknowledgeItisessentialtounderstandthemeaningofwordsandphrasesusedinthetext,includingtheircontextualmeanings.SkimmingandscanningThesearetechniquestoquicklyfindspecificinformationinthetext,withoutnecessarilyreadingeveryword.010203ReadingskillsandstrategiesInformativetextsThesearetextsthatprovideinformation,suchasarticles,reports,andbooks.Theyareusuallywritteninaformalandobjectivestyle.argumentativetextsThesearetextsthatargueapointofview,suchasessays,editorials,andspeeches.Theyusuallyincludearguments,evidence,andcounterarguments.NarrativetextsThesearetextsthattellastory,suchasnovels,shortstories,andbiographies.Theyusuallyhaveaplot,characters,andasetting.Typesandcharacteristicsofreadingmaterials123Thesequestionsaskthestudenttochoosethecorrectanswerfromalistofoptions.Multiple-choicequestionsThesequestionsaskthestudenttofillinablankwiththecorrectwordorphrasebasedonthecontextofthetext.FillintheblankquestionsThesequestionsaskthestudenttoprovideabriefanswerorsummaryofspecificinformationinthetext.ShortanswerquestionsReadingexercisesandpracticequestionsTOEFLwritingtraining04WritingskillsandstrategiesTheabilitytoorganizeideaseffectively,includingtheuseofintroduction,bodyparagraphs,andconclusion.LanguageUseandExpressionTheabilitytouseEnglishlanguagecorrectlyandexpressideasclearly,withappropriatevocabularyandsentencestructure.CriticalThinkingTheabilitytoanalyzeandevaluatearguments,evidence,andcounterargumentsinalogicalandcoherentmanner.OrganizationandStructureIndependentWritingTasksthatrequirestudentstowriteanessayonagiventopic,expressingtheirownopinionsandarguments.IntegratedWritingTasksthatcombinemultiplesourcesofinformation,suchasgraphs,tables,ortexts,andrequirestudentstowriteasummaryoranalyzetheinformationprovided.EssayWritingTasksthataskstudentstowritealongeressayonatopicofgeneralinterest,demonstratingtheirabilitytodevelopacoherentargument.WritingquestiontypesandrequirementsProvidestudentswithsampleessayswrittenbynativeEnglishspeakerstoserveasmodelsfortheirownwriting.SampleEssaysProvidestudentswithpracticeassignmentsthatmimictheformatandrequirementsofactualTOEFLwritingtasks.PracticeAssignmentsProvidestudentswithfeedbackontheirwriting,includingsuggestionsforimprovementandexamplesoflanguageusage.FeedbackandEditingWritingexercisesandpracticequestionsTOEFLspeakingtraining05OralskillsandstrategiesFluency:Theabilitytospeaknaturallyandwithoutpausingorhesitating.Thisisachievedthroughregularpracticeandspeakingwithoutfearofmakingmistakes.Pronunciation:Theclearenunciationofwordsandphrases,ensuringthatthelistenercanunderstandeverysingleword.Thisisachievedthroughspecificpronunciationexercisesandmimicry.Intonation:Theproperuseofrisingandfallingpitch,emphasizingimportantwordsandphrases.Thisisessentialforeffectivecommunicationandunderstanding.VoiceVolume:Theabilitytospeakloudlyenoughtobeheardclearlybythelistener,withoutshouting.Adjustingthevoicevolumeappropriatelyiscrucialinmaintainingaprofessionaldemeanor.IndependentquestionsThesequestionsrequireapersonalopinionorviewpoint.Thestudentneedstobeabletoexpresstheirownthoughtsandideasfluentlyandcoherently.IntegratedquestionsThesequestionsrequireintegrationofmultiplesourcesofinformation,suchasareadingpassageandalisteningpassage.Thestudentneedstodemonstratetheirabilitytosynthesizeinformationeffectively.ConversationalquestionsThesequestionssimulatereal-lifeconversations,requiringthestudenttoengageinanaturalandauthenticconversation,demonstratingtheirabilitytocommunicateeffectivelyinEnglish.OralquestiontypesandrequirementsRole-playingThisactivityinvolvessimulatingreal-lifescenarios,suchasjobinterviewsoracademicdiscussions,wherestudentsneedtodemonstratetheirabilitytocommunicateeffectivelyinEnglish.GroupdiscussionsThisactivityinvolvesbreakingstudentsintosmallgroupsanddiscussingagiventopic,focusingonfluency,coherence,andeffectivecommunication.SimulatedspeakingtestsThesearetimedteststhatsimulatetheactualTOEFLspeakingtest,providingstudentswithanopportunitytofamiliarizethemselveswiththeformatandrequirementsoftheexam.OralpracticeandsimulationquestionsTOEFLmocktestquestionsandansweranalysis06SummaryThisquestionteststhestudent'sabilitytounderstandandanalyzeasci