+期末復(fù)習(xí)知識點導(dǎo)學(xué)案 人教版七年級英語下冊

七下期末復(fù)習(xí)知識點導(dǎo)學(xué)案U6Ⅰ.重點單詞:miss:miss可當(dāng)名詞,亦可當(dāng)動詞,動詞又分為及物動詞和不及物動詞用法:vt.及物動詞eq\o\ac(○,1).未擊中;未得到;未達(dá)到;未看到;未聽到;未領(lǐng)會[+v-ing]Hemissedmymeaning.他沒有領(lǐng)會我的意思。Thehunterfiredatthedeerbutmissedit.獵人向鹿開了槍,但未打中。eq\o\ac(○,2).未履行;未出席;未趕上,錯過[+v-ing]ShemissedgoingtothepartyonSaturday.星期六她沒能出席聚會。eq\o\ac(○,3.).想念,惦記[+v-ing]Iknowhowyoumissyourmother.我了解你多麼地想念你的母親。eq\o\ac(○,4).發(fā)覺沒有,覺得遺失Shedidnotmisshernecklaceuntilshearrivedhome.直到回到家里她才發(fā)現(xiàn)丟失了項鍊。eq\o\ac(○,5.)遺漏;省去[(+out)]wish:n.Bestwishestoyou.v.wish(sb.)todoZhuHuimisseshisfamilyandwishestohavehismom’sdeliciouszhongzi.Ⅱ.重點詞組:1.看報紙2.在電話里交談3.用電腦做作業(yè)4.包粽子Ⅲ.Targetlanguage△語法：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時一，定義①：--現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時態(tài)表示現(xiàn)在（說話瞬間）正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動作。定義②：--還可以表示當(dāng)前一段時間內(nèi)的活動或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動作。二，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的構(gòu)成及句式主語+be(am/is/are)+動詞現(xiàn)在分詞(V-ing)肯定式結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+be+動詞-ing形式+其他Iamreadingmybooknow.否定式結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+be+not+動詞-ing形式+其他.Iamnotreadingmybooknow.一般疑問句式結(jié)構(gòu)：Be+主語+動詞-ing形式+其他？Areyoureadingyourbooknow?特殊疑問句式結(jié)構(gòu)：疑問詞+一般疑問句式結(jié)構(gòu)？Whatareyoudoingnow?三，用法：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的時間狀語主要有：now，thesedays，thisweek，atthemoment等，有時句首有“Look！”、“Listen！”或“It’s+時刻”等詞、句存在?！麟娫捰谜Z：A：Hello!Thisis…(speaking)./Isthat…?/Is…there?B:MayIspeakto…/Hi,…It’s…/Thisis…U7Ⅰ.重點單詞:1.n→adj→v-ing2.weather:n(uc)windwindy改錯：Whatafineweatheritis!cloudcloudysunsunny3.cook:nvcooker:rainrainyrainingsnowsnowysnowingiceicyfogfoggyⅡ.重點語法:takeamessage/leaveamessage;callsbback;studyhard;haveagood(nice/great)time/havefun/enjoyoneself+v-ing;rightnow;(be)onavacation;writetosb;nextmonth;noproblem;Ⅲ.重點句型--How’stheweathertoday?=What’s…?--It’s+adj./It’s+v-ing.2.--Hows’itgoing?It’s……/……/……How’s…going?==How’sitgoingwith…?IV．重點句子:1.I’mhavingagreattimevisitingmyauntin….2.I’mlearningalot.3.I’msohappytoseethemagain.4.I’msittingbythepool.5.Soundslikeyouarehavingagoodtime(=Itsoundslikeyouarehavingagoodtime)eq\o\ac(○,1).sound聽起來…Thatsoundsgood.（+adj.）eq\o\ac(○,2)soundlike聽起來好像….Itsoundslikeabird(+n./從句)6.Couldyoujusttellhimtocallmeback?1）Couldyou(please)…?表示委婉的語氣。2）tellsbtodosth告訴某人去做某事/tellsbnottodosth告訴某人不要翻譯：請你告訴他不要玩游戲好嗎？U8Ⅰ.重點單詞:區(qū)別spend,cost,take,pay和payforspend的主語必須是人，常用于以下結(jié)構(gòu)：eq\o\ac(○,1)spendtime／moneyonsth.在……上花費時間（金錢）。例：Ispenttwohoursonthismathsproblem.這道數(shù)學(xué)題花了我兩個小時。eq\o\ac(○,2)spendtime／money(in)doingsth.花費時間（金錢）做某事。例：Theyspenttwoyears(in)buildingthisbridge.造這座橋花了他們兩年時間。2.pay的基本用法是：eq\o\ac(○,1)pay(sb.)moneyforsth.付錢（給某人）買……。例：Ihavetopaythem20poundsforthisroomeachmonth.我每個月要付20英磅的房租。eq\o\ac(○,2)payforsth.付……的錢。例：Ihavetopayforthebooklost.我不得不賠丟失的書款。eq\o\ac(○,3)payforsb.替某人付錢。例：Don’tworry!I'llpayforyou.別擔(dān)心，我會給你付錢的。eq\o\ac(○,4)paysb.付錢給某人。例:Theypayuseverymonth.他們每月給我們報酬。eq\o\ac(○,5)paymoneyback還錢。例：MayIborrow12yuanfromyou?I'llpayitbacknextweek.你能借給我12塊錢嗎？下周還你。eq\o\ac(○,6)payoffone'smoney還清錢。3.cost的主語是物或某種活動，還可以表示“值”，常見用法如下：eq\o\ac(○,1)sth.costs(sb.)＋金錢,某物花了（某人）多少錢。例：Anewcomputercostsalotofmoney.買一臺新電腦要花一大筆錢。/Thebookcosts5yuan.eq\o\ac(○,2)(doing)sth.costs(sb.)＋時間,某物（做某事）花了（某人）多少時間。例：Rememberingthesenewwordscosthimalotoftime.他花了大量時間才記住了這些單詞。4.take后面常跟雙賓語，常見用法有以下幾種：eq\o\ac(○,1)Ittakessb.＋時間＋todosth.做某事花了某人多少時間。例：Ittookthemthreeyearstobuildthisroad.他們用了三年時間修完了這條路。Ⅱ.重點詞組:cross=goacross(+river/bridge/road/street)gothrough(+door/forest/park)infrontof/inthefrontofⅢ.重點句型:Askforandgivedirectionsonthestreet.Askfordirections:1.(Excuseme.)Isthereabanknearhere?Yes,thereis.It’sonBridgeStreet.2.Whereisthehospital?It’son/nextto/between…3.(Excuseme.)Canyoutellmewherethebankis?howIcangettothebank?howtogettothebank?Givedirections:1.Godown/alongtheroad/street/XingxinStreet.2.Thenturnleft/rightatthefirstcrossing/whenyouseethe…./onCenterStreet.3.It’sonthe/yourright.IV．重點句子:1.HowcanIhelpyou?2.I’mnewintown.3.It’snottoofarfromhere.Icanwalkwithyou.4.Thankssomuch.Noproblem.5.Ilovetowatchthemonkeys(climb)around.6.(get)tothepark,youjusthavetocrossCenterStreet.7.Youcangettothelibrarye.8.It’srelaxing(spend)theweekendlikethis.U9Ⅰ.重點單詞:1.actor/actress;waiter/waitress;2.alittleboy/panda(不用asmallboy)little/alittleeq\o\ac(○,1)There’smeatinthefridge.Let’sbuysome.few/afeweq\o\ac(○,2)Let’sbequick!There’stimeleft.3.late:adjeq\o\ac(○,1)Sorry,I’mlate.adveq\o\ac(○,2)Igotuplatethismorning.later:eq\o\ac(○,1)(late的比較級)I’mlaterthanyou.eq\o\ac(○,2)adv20minuteslater,thepolicecame.4.person(=he/she)severalpersons=somepeople5.face:nwashmyface(washmyfaces×)/aroundface/makefacesvfacedifficulties6.each/every/botheq\o\ac(○,1)Therearemanytreesonsideoftheriver.eq\o\ac(○,2)Therearemanytreesonsidesoftheriver.7.way:n道路，方法thewayto(thewayhome)/thesameway/bytheway8.intheend/attheendof9.put…innewspapers/ontelevision10.other/others/theother/another11.長短+卷直+顏色+hair:longstraightblackhairⅡ.重點詞組:1.looklike/belike2.intheend3.(be)ofmedium…4.apictureofⅢ.重點句型:Howtodescribeaperson?Whatdoeshelooklike？(Helookslikehisfather.)Heistall/short/ofmediumheight.Heisthin/heavy/ofmediumbuild.Hehas…h(huán)air/face/ears/….2.Ishetallshort?Heisn’ttallshort.IV．重點句子s:1.Heisatallmanwith…h(huán)air/…glasses.2.Thetallmanwith…h(huán)air/…glassesisJohnnyDean.3.…tellhimwhathelookslike.4.…don’talwaysseethingsthesamewaysotheymaydescribe…differently.U10Ⅰ.重點單詞:1.potato/tomato/hero/negro2.special:adjspecialpresent;nsomespecials3.wouldlike=want(would是情態(tài)動詞，無人稱和數(shù)的變化)wouldlike+n/todo/sbtodo4.order:n/v命令，點餐ordersomefood/takeone’sorderordersbtodosthndo…inorder/put…inorderinorderto/that為了5.thenumberof+n(復(fù)數(shù)):…的數(shù)字/anumberof+n(復(fù)數(shù)):許多…6.and/orⅡ.重點詞組:1.wouldlike2.takeone’sorder3.inonego4.makeawish5.blowout6.bringgoodluckto7.beshortofⅢ.重點句型:1.Whatwouldyoulike?I’dlikesomenoodles.Whatkindofnoodleswouldyoulike?(Whatkindofnoodlesdoyouhave?)Whatsizebowlofnoodleswouldyoulike?(Whatsizebowlofnoodlesdoyouhave?)2.Wouldyoulikesomenoodles?Yes,please./No,thankyou.(thanks)IV．重點句子:1.I’dlikebeefandcarrotnoodles.=I’dlikebeefnoodles.2.Peoplehavebirthdaycakeswithcandles.Thenumberofcandlesistheperson’sage.3.It’sgettingpopulartohavecakeonyourbirthday.Butmanypeoplestilleatverylongnoodlesfortheirbirthdays4.…thelongnoodlesareasymboloflong.U11語言點1.anything不定代詞，表示“某事物，某東西”，主要用于否定句和疑問句中，肯定句用something.(P62)(1)在表示請求，建議或征求意見的疑問句中用something，不能用anything。Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink?(2)不定代詞做主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。Anythingisbetterthannothing.(3)形容詞修飾不定代詞時，放在它后面。Didyouhearanythinginterestinghere?（你在這兒看到一些有趣的事情了嗎）2.showsb.around…意為“帶領(lǐng)某人參觀……”showsb.sth.=showsth.tosb.給某人看某物3.pick意為“采，摘，挑選”e.g.Don’tpickflowersinthegarden.pickup意為“撿起，拿起，接……”e.g.I’llpickyouupatyourhometomorrow.注意：pickup中，代詞放中間，名詞都可以。e.g.Youshouldpickitup.Pleasepickuptheflowers.=Pleasepicktheflowersup.4.fun是不可數(shù)名詞，“樂趣，開心，有趣的人或事”。其前常用great,much,alotof修飾，用來加強語氣。e.g.Skatingisgreatfun.havefun意為“玩的開心”=haveagoodtime5.clean：形容詞“干凈的”e.g.Wemustkeepourhandsclean.動詞“打掃……”e.g.Sheiscleaningtheroom.6.allinall意為“總的來說”，常用于句首。e.g.Allinall,wehadagoodtime.not...atall一點也不e.g.Hedoesn’tlikeapplesatall.7.Ithinktoday’sschooltripwasterrible.本句為Ithink引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。（拓展：賓語從句中，當(dāng)主句的主語是第一人稱、謂語是think,believe等詞，從句中的意思是否定時，常把否定轉(zhuǎn)移到主句上來，即“否定轉(zhuǎn)移”。）e.g.Idon’tthinkhecananswerthequestion.8.對比interested,interesting&interest(1)interested是形容詞，主語是人，“感到有趣的”beinterestedin(doing)sth.對（做）某事感興趣e.g.IaminterestedinEnglish.(2)interesting是形容詞，主語是物。e.g.Thisbookisveryinteresting.(3)interest是名詞,"興趣”。placesofinterest名勝e.g.Hismaininterestsarereadingandplaying.Heknowsmanyplacesofinterest.9.…itwasdifficulttotakephotos.Itis+adj.(forsb.)todosth.(對某人來說)做…...怎么樣e.g.對我來說騎車上學(xué)是很容易的。Itiseasyformetogotoschoolbybike.Therewerealsotoomanypeople.toomany加可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)toomuch加不可數(shù)名詞e.g.toomuchwater11.quietalot+of+可數(shù)或不可數(shù),也可以單獨使用。quitealittle“相當(dāng)多,不少”+不可數(shù)名詞quiteafew“相當(dāng)多,不少”+可數(shù)名詞我看到了相當(dāng)多的奶牛。Isawquitealotofcows.語法規(guī)則動詞過去式的變化規(guī)則如下：規(guī)則動詞的過去式一般由“動詞原形+-ed”構(gòu)成,具體變化有：1.直接在詞尾加-ed，如:look-looked2.以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的在詞尾加d，如：live-lived,practise-practised3.以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的，變y為i加ed，如：study-studied4.以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的，雙寫最后一個輔音字母再加ed，如：stop-stopped（2）不規(guī)則動詞的過去式變化各異，沒有統(tǒng)一的規(guī)則，但也并非一點規(guī)律沒有，下面介紹一部分動詞過去式的記憶規(guī)律。①動詞過去式與動詞原形一樣。如:let→let,put→put,cut→cut。②遇見i改為a。如:swim→swam,sing→sang,begin→began。助記:過去式將i改為a的動詞游泳(swim)唱歌(sing)后，開始(begin)坐(sit)下來，給(give)點兒喝(drink)的吧，i就變?yōu)閍。③過去式以ought和aught結(jié)尾的單詞，如:bring→brought,buy→bought,think→thought,teach→taught④中間去e末尾加t,如:feel→____,keep→kept,sleep→____,sweep→swept⑤把i變?yōu)閛,如:ride→rode,drive→______,write→wrote。⑥ow/aw變?yōu)閑w,如:know→knew,grow→_____,throw→threw，draw→drew。⑦以d結(jié)尾的詞，把d變成t,如:build→built,lend→lent,send→_____,spend→spent。⑧連系動詞be的過去式有兩種形式,主語是第一、三人稱單數(shù)用was,其他用were。（3）.一般過去時的句式結(jié)構(gòu)(1)含連系動詞be的一般過去時的句式①肯定句:主語+was/were+其他.我昨天在家。②否定句:主語+wasnot(或wasn't)/werenot(或weren't)+其他。Iwasn'tathomeyesterday.③一般疑問句:Was/Were+主語+其他?肯定回答用Yes,主語+was/were.;否定回答用No,主語+wasn't/weren't.______youathomeyesterday?昨天你在家嗎?No,I_______.不，我不在家。④特殊疑問句:疑問詞+was/were+主語+其他?（對劃線部分提問）（2）含實義動詞的一般過去時的句式①肯定句:主語+動詞過去式+其他.他們昨天玩得很開心。②否定句:主語+didnot(或didn't)+動詞原形+其他.他們昨天玩得不開心。③一般疑問句:Did+主語+動詞原形+其他?他們昨天玩得開心嗎？肯定回答用“Yes,主語+did.";否定回答用“No,主語+didn't”④特殊疑問句:疑問詞+did+主語+動詞原形+其他?他們什么時候玩得很開心？U12Ⅰ.重點單詞:n.1.sheep/mouse/baby;visitorv.2.shoutat/to3.putupeq\o\ac(○,1)putupyourhandeq\o\ac(○,2)putupthepostereq\o\ac(○,3)putupatent4.surpriseeq\o\ac(○,1)Thenewssurprisedme.besurprisedat:eq\o\ac(○,2)I’msurprisedatthenews./Weweresurprisedathisarrival（到達(dá)）adi.besurprisedtodo:eq\o\ac(○,3)Shewassurprisedtofindherhandbagmissing.besurprisedthat:eq\o\ac(○,4)Iwassurprisedthatthesehousesstayupforsuchalongtime.n.insurpris