沖刺2024年高考英語真題重組卷022

沖刺2024年高考英語真題重組卷（天津?qū)Ｓ茫┱骖}重組卷02第Ⅰ卷注意事項:1.每小題選出答案后,用鉛筆將答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動,用橡皮擦干凈后,再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號。2.本卷共55小題,共95分。第一部分:英語知識運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分45分)第一節(jié):單項填空(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)從A、B、C、D四個選項中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。例:Standoverthere______you’llbeabletoseeitbetter.A.orB.andC.butD.while答案是B。1．（2022·天津·高考真題）________gardeningmaybehardphysicalwork,thosewholoveitfinditveryrelaxingmentally.A．Although B．Once C．Since D．Unless【答案】A【詳解】考查讓步狀語從句。句意：雖然園藝有可能是艱難的體力工作，但是對于那些熱愛園藝的人來講，它卻是腦力上的放松。A.Although盡管；B.Once一……就……；C.Since自從；D.Unless除非。由語意可知，“園藝是項艱難的體力工作”與“對于熱愛園藝的人而言，園藝工作是腦力上的放松”之間是讓步關(guān)系，所以此處應(yīng)用連詞although表讓步。故選A項。2．（2022·天津·高考真題）Criticalreasoning,togetherwithproblemsolving,________teenagerstomakebetterdecisions.A．prepare B．preparesC．ispreparing D．a(chǎn)repreparing【答案】B【詳解】考查主謂一致和時態(tài)。句意：批判性推理和解決問題的能力有助于青少年做出更好的決定。短語togetherwith/alongwith/aswellas,etc連接兩個并列的名詞或代詞做主語時謂語動詞的數(shù)由該結(jié)構(gòu)前的名詞或代詞決定，句子主語為Criticalreasoning，謂語動詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式，此處為客觀陳述，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時。故選B項。3．（2021·天津·高考真題）—Iwastryingtoplaceanorderonyourwebsite,butIfailed.________.Icantakeyourorderoverthephone.A．That’sfine B．Noway C．Mypleasure D．Ofcourse【答案】A【詳解】考查情景交際。句意：——我想在你們的網(wǎng)站上下訂單，但是我失敗了。——我可以通過幫您點餐。A.That’sfine沒關(guān)系；B.Noway不行，沒門；C.Mypleasure不客氣；D.Ofcourse當(dāng)然。根據(jù)“Icantakeyourorderoverthephone”可知，此處表示沒有關(guān)系。故選A。4．（2021·天津·高考真題）Markisagenius.Bythetimehegraduated,he________jobsbyadozenputerpanies.A．hasoffered B．hasbeenofferedC．hadoffered D．hadbeenoffered【答案】D【詳解】考查過去完成時的被動語態(tài)。句意：馬克是個天才。到他畢業(yè)的時候，已經(jīng)有十幾家電腦公司給他提供了工作機(jī)會。該句是復(fù)合句，含Bythetime引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句，主句動作先于從句動作，且主句主語he和謂語動詞offer之間是被動關(guān)系，是過去完成時的被動語態(tài)。故選D。5．（2020·天津·高考真題）—Youareagreatswimmer.—Thanks.It’sbecauseI______alotthesedays.A．havebeenpractising B．waspractisingC．wouldpractise D．hadpractised【答案】A【詳解】考查時態(tài)。句意:你游泳很棒。謝謝。這是因為這些天我一直在練習(xí)。根據(jù)時間狀語thesedays(這些天)可知，“練習(xí)游泳”從數(shù)天前開始，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，因此該句應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時態(tài)。故選A。6．（2020·天津·高考真題）AccordingtoProfessorJohnson,wedon’thavetoreadthebookifwedon’twantto,asitis______.A．worthwhile B．necessary C．optional D．serious【答案】C【詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:根據(jù)約翰遜教授的說法，如果我們不想讀這本書，就不必讀，因為它是可選擇的。A.worthwhile值得的；B.necessary必要的；C.optional可選擇的，選修的；D.serious嚴(yán)肅的，認(rèn)真的。根據(jù)“wedon’thavetoreadthebookifwedon’twantto”可知，這本書讀不讀都可以，由此可知，它是“可選擇的”。故選C。7．（2019·天津·高考真題）Astudyshowsthestudentswhoareengagedinafterschoolactivitiesarehappierthan_________whoarenot.A．ones B．thoseC．these D．them【答案】B【詳解】考查代詞。句意：一項研究表明，參加課外活動的學(xué)生比不參加課外活動的學(xué)生更開心?？崭裉幋~與thestudents是對應(yīng)關(guān)系，可以用theones或者those替代。“them”指代的是前邊提到的復(fù)數(shù)名詞，不能與thestudents形成對應(yīng)關(guān)系?！皌hese”一般不用定語從句修飾。故選B。8．（2019·天津·高考真題）________alltheproblems,severaloftheplayersproducedexcellentperformances.A．Accordingto B．InsteadofC．Inadditionto D．Inspiteof【答案】D【詳解】考查介詞詞組。句意：盡管存在所有這些問題，幾個運(yùn)動員還是表現(xiàn)很好。A.accordingto據(jù)(……所說)；按(……所報道)；B.insteadof代替，作為……的替換；C.inadditionto另外，加之，除……之外；D.inspiteof盡管，不管。前后形成讓步關(guān)系，故選D。9．（2019·天津·高考真題）Wecanobservethatartificialintelligencehasalreadymadea(n)________onourlivesinmanyways.A．statement B．impactC．impression D．judgment【答案】B【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們可以觀察到人工智能已經(jīng)在許多方面已經(jīng)對我們的生活產(chǎn)生了影響。A.statement陳述說明；B.impact影響，效果；C.impression印象；D.judgment判斷。故選B符合語境。10．（2019·天津·高考真題）Theprofessorwarnedthestudentsthatonnoaccount________usemobilephonesinhisclass.A．shouldthey B．theyshouldC．darethey D．theydare【答案】A【詳解】考查部分倒裝和情態(tài)動詞。句意：這位教授警告學(xué)生們，在他的課堂上，決不應(yīng)該使用。onnoaccount意為“決不”，否定詞放在句首，句子使用部分倒裝，排除B、D項；這里表示應(yīng)該，故選A。11．（2020·天津·高考真題）IneverworriedaboutmysonwhileIwasawaybecausemymother______him.A．drankatoastto B．playedajokeonC．keptaneyeon D．madeanapologyto【答案】C【詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意:我不在的時候從不擔(dān)心我的兒子，因為我母親會照看他。A.drankatoastto為……干杯；B.playedajokeon開……的玩笑；C.keptaneyeon照看，留意，密切注視；D.madeanapologyto向……道歉。因為母親會“照看”我的兒子，所以“我”不在的時候從來不擔(dān)心孩子。C選項符合語境，故選C。12．（2020·天津·高考真題）WeofferedtogiveSharonaridehome,butshe______,sayingthatshefeltlikewalking.A．understood B．a(chǎn)ccepted C．promised D．declined【答案】D【詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:我們提出Sharon回家，但她拒絕了，說她想步行回去。A.understood

理解；B.accepted接受；C.promised妥協(xié)；D.declined謝絕。根據(jù)“sayingthatshefeltlikewalking”可知，Sharon想自己回家，所以她“謝絕”了我們的提議。故選D。13．（2020·天津·高考真題）Thestudentpletedthisexperimenttomakeetrue______ProfessorJosephhadsaid.A．that B．what C．when D．where【答案】B【詳解】考查名詞性從句。句意:為了使約瑟夫教授所說的成為現(xiàn)實，這個學(xué)生完成了這個實驗。_________ProfessorJosephhadsaid作make的賓語從句，該從句中，空處在從句中作said的賓語，表示”……所說的話”，因此應(yīng)用what引導(dǎo)該從句。故選B。14．（2022·天津·高考真題）Thechildrenfailedtohidetheirdisappointmentwhentheyfoundouttheschool________theparty.A．cancels B．willcancelC．hascancelled D．hadcancelled【答案】D【詳解】考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意：當(dāng)孩子們發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)校取消了派對時，他們無法掩飾他們的失望。結(jié)合句意可知，學(xué)校取消派對發(fā)生在前，孩子無法掩飾失望發(fā)生在后，故從句的cancel為“過去的過去”，需要用過去完成時態(tài)。故選D項。15．（2021·天津·高考真題）Thepolicesearchedtheareaforseveraldays.________,theyfoundthepieceofevidencetheywerelookingfor.A．Generally B．OriginallyC．Eventually D．Unfortunately【答案】C【詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：警察在這一地區(qū)搜查了好幾天。最終，他們找到了他們一直在努力尋找的證據(jù)。A.Generally通常，普遍地；B.Originally起初，原來，獨(dú)創(chuàng)地；C.Eventually最終；D.Unfortunately不幸地。分析句意，警察一直在努力找證據(jù)，努力有了結(jié)果，最終找到了，故選C。第二節(jié):完形填空(共20小題:每小題1.5分,滿分30分)閱讀下面短文,掌握其大意,然后從16~35各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中,選出最佳選項。（2021·天津·高考真題）MybrotherandIareexactlyoneyearapart.Welookliketwins,butwearepletely16.Bythetimewegottomiddleschoolitwasclearthatmyolderbrother17meditation(冥想),whileIwasaborn18whopreferredthetheatrical,evenwhenoffstage.Itookhisrelativesilencetobeoffensive.Wesimplydidn't19.Ididn't20havingatenserelationshipwithmybrotherbecauseIwasinvolvedatschool.21,Ithrewmyselfintotheworldofmusicals.Ipractisedsinginginthebedroomeverydaytoremainatmybestandbe22forroles;mybrotherwouldmeditateonawindowseat.Hemightfeelhighschoolwasalreadyhardenough23mynoisysinging.Sospacetopractisebecamea（n）24betweenusbecausewesharedaroom.Atthestartofthesemester,Ipractised“CircleofLife"foramusical.ThiswasthefirsttimeI25tolearnasong,becausemyvoicecracked(破音)asIswitchedtoaheadvoice.Iwasannoyedinthatperiodand26practising,declaringIhadreachedtheceilingofmysingingcareer.Forthefirsttimeinyearsmybrother27quietwhenIgothome.Aftertwodaysofthis,mybrotheraskedmeto28himinmeditation.Feelingmyangeratmyinabilitytomanagethissong29,Iaccepted.Mybrothersaid,"Whenyourmindfloatsaway,yousimplyeback.Don'tblameyourself"Igotthemessage,anditsoonbecamemynew30.Ikepttryingatthesong,nolongergetting31atmyself.Andjustintimeforthetrialperformance,Iwasableto32powerinmysingingdespitetheswitchtoaheadvoice.Itwasimportantformetolearnthatyoudon'thavetoalwaysgeteverything33thefirsttimeandthatgoodthingsewithcontinual34.Inowunderstandwhymybrotherfavoursthe35.16．A．mature B．different C．content D．normal17．A．disliked B．preferred C．replaced D．a(chǎn)bandoned18．A．writer B．leader C．painter D．performer19．A．getalong B．dropby C．showoff D．checkin20．A．try B．mind C．enjoy D．delay21．A．Inparticular B．Invain C．Inreturn D．Intheory22．A．humorous B．ordinary C．petitive D．grateful23．A．a(chǎn)bove B．below C．near D．without24．A．issue B．contrast C．a(chǎn)greement D．balance25．A．struggled B．expected C．promised D．decided26．A．began B．a(chǎn)llowed C．stopped D．continued27．A．hated B．experienced C．a(chǎn)ccepted D．wanted28．A．help B．invite C．join D．a(chǎn)dmire29．A．gracefully B．suddenly C．fiercely D．cautiously30．A．limit B．sentence C．mistake D．philosophy31．A．rude B．a(chǎn)ngry C．surprised D．excited32．A．lose B．share C．reduce D．maintain33．A．wrong B．right C．back D．down34．A．luck B．a(chǎn)bsence C．effort D．fear35．A．fight B．noise C．quiet D．safety【答案】16．B17．B18．D19．A20．B21．A22．C23．D24．A25．A26．C27．B28．C29．A30．D31．B32．D33．B34．C35．C【分析】本文是夾敘夾議文。作者喜歡表演，哥哥喜歡冥想，二者性格愛好完全不同，關(guān)系緊張。在作者遭遇失敗時，哥哥教給他冥想，作者從中悟出了做事的哲理，取得了成功。16．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們看起來像雙胞胎，但實際上我們是完全不同的。A.mature成熟的；B.different不同的；C.content滿意的；D.normal正常的。根據(jù)下文“myolderbrother____2____meditation(冥想),whileIwasaborn____3____whopreferredthetheatrical,”哥哥喜歡冥想而作者喜歡表演，前后對比可知二者性格不同。故選B。17．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：到我們上中學(xué)的時候，很明顯，我哥哥更喜歡冥想，而我是一個天生的表演者，喜歡戲劇，即使是在舞臺下。A.disliked不喜歡；B.preferred更喜歡；C.replaced取代；D.abandoned拋棄，放棄。根據(jù)句中對比的內(nèi)容“whileIwasaborn____3____whopreferredthetheatrical”和preferred呼應(yīng)，可知哥哥更喜歡冥想。故選B。18．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：到我們上中學(xué)的時候，很明顯，我哥哥更喜歡冥想，而我是一個天生的表演者，喜歡戲劇，即使是在舞臺下。A.writer作家；B.leader領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者；C.painter畫家；D.performer表演者。根據(jù)“thetheatrical,evenwhenoffstage.”和下文的“intimeforthetrialperformance”可知作者喜歡表演。故選D。19．考查動詞短語辨析。句意：我們就是合不來。A.getalong相處，進(jìn)展；B.dropby順便拜訪；C.showoff炫耀；D.checkin登記，報到。根據(jù)上句“Itookhisrelativesilencetobeoffensive.”及下文“atenserelationshipwithmybrother”作者和哥哥性格和愛好不同，作者甚至認(rèn)為哥哥相對沉默是一種冒犯，可知兩人相處地不好，關(guān)系緊張。故選A。20．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我不介意和我哥哥關(guān)系緊張，因為我在學(xué)校很忙。A.try試圖，努力；B.mind介意；C.enjoy欣賞，享受；D.delay推遲，延誤。根據(jù)句中“becauseIwasinvolvedatschool.”和下文“Ipractisedsinginginthebedroomeveryday”可知在學(xué)校很忙，在家依然我行我素，并不介意和哥哥的關(guān)系。故選B。21．考查介詞短語辨析。句意：特別是，我全身心地投入了音樂劇的世界。A.Inparticular尤其，特別；B.Invain徒勞；C.Inreturn作為回報；D.Intheory理論上。根據(jù)上文“preferredthetheatrical”和下文“Ipractisedsinginginthebedroomeveryday”可知作者非常喜歡音樂。故選A。22．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我每天在臥室里練習(xí)唱歌，以保持最佳狀態(tài)，爭取角色；我哥哥會坐在靠窗的座位上冥想。A.humorous幽默的；B.ordinary普通的，平常的；C.petitive競爭的；D.grateful感激的。根據(jù)“Ipractisedsinginginthebedroomeveryday”作者每天練習(xí)，可知競爭很激烈。故選C。23．考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：就算沒有我吵鬧的歌聲，他也會覺得高中已經(jīng)夠難的了。A.above超過，在……之上；B.below在……下面；C.near在……附近；D.without沒有。哥哥經(jīng)常冥想，作者認(rèn)為即使沒有自己吵鬧的歌聲，哥哥也會覺得高中很難。故選D。24．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：所以練習(xí)的空間成了我們之間的問題，因為我們共用一個房間。A.issue問題，發(fā)行；B.contrast對比，差異；C.agreement同意，一致；D.balance平衡。根據(jù)上文“atenserelationshipwithmybrother”和句中“wesharedaroom.”可知練習(xí)唱歌的空間是作者和哥哥之間的問題。故選A。25．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這是我第一次費(fèi)勁地學(xué)歌，因為當(dāng)我切換到頭音時，我的聲音嘶啞了。A.struggled奮斗，努力；B.expected預(yù)期，盼望；C.promised允諾，許諾；D.decided決定。根據(jù)“myvoicecracked(破音)asIswitchedtoaheadvoice”可知作者學(xué)歌很費(fèi)勁。故選A。26．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在那段時間里，我很惱火，停止了練習(xí)，宣稱自己已經(jīng)達(dá)到了歌唱事業(yè)的頂峰。A.began開始；B.allowed允許，準(zhǔn)許；C.stopped停止；D.continued繼續(xù)。根據(jù)下文“mybrother____12____quietwhenIgothome.”家里安靜了，可知作者停止了練習(xí)唱歌。故選C。27．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我回家時，哥哥多年來第一次感到安靜。A.hated厭惡；B.experienced體驗，經(jīng)歷；C.accepted接受；D.wanted想要。因為作者停止在家唱歌了，哥哥體驗到了家里的安靜。故選B。28．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這樣過了兩天，我哥哥要我和他一起冥想。A.help幫助；B.invite邀請；C.join參加；D.admire欽佩。根據(jù)下文“Iaccepted”可知哥哥讓作者和他一起冥想，作者同意了。故選C。29．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我覺得自己無法優(yōu)美地駕馭這首歌很生氣，于是就接受了。A.gracefully優(yōu)美地，優(yōu)雅地；B.suddenly突然；C.fiercely猛烈地；D.cautiously謹(jǐn)慎地。根據(jù)下文“Iwasableto____17____powerinmysingingdespitetheswitchtoaheadvoice.”可知作者想優(yōu)美地駕馭這首歌。故選A。30．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我明白了這個意思，它很快就成為了我的新哲學(xué)。A.limit限度；B.sentence句子，判決；C.mistake錯誤；D.philosophy哲學(xué)。根據(jù)下文“Itwasimportantformetolearnthatyoudon'thavetoalwaysgeteverything____18____thefirsttimeandthatgoodthingsewithcontinual____19____.”可知作者把哥哥的話作為自己的哲學(xué)。故選D。31．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我一直試著唱這首歌，不再生自己的氣了。A.rude粗魯?shù)模籅.angry生氣的；C.surprised吃驚的；D.excited興奮的。與上文“Iwasannoyedinthatperiod和myangeratmyinability”呼應(yīng)，可知作者開始因為自己唱不好生氣，現(xiàn)在想明白了，不生氣了。故選B。32．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：就在試演的時候，盡管換了頭音，我還是能保持唱歌的能力。A.lose丟失；B.share分享；C.reduce減少；D.maintain保持。根據(jù)句中“wasableto”和下文“goodthingsewith”可知作者成功保持了唱歌的能力。故選D。33．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：對我來說，重要的是要知道，你不必總是在第一次就把每件事都做正確，好的事情總是伴隨著不斷的努力而來。A.wrong錯誤的；B.right正確的；C.back后面的；D.down情緒低落的。根據(jù)作者的經(jīng)歷和常識可知，第一次做事不一定能做好。故選B。34．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：對我來說，重要的是要知道，你不必總是在第一次就把每件事都做正確，好的事情總是伴隨著不斷的努力而來。A.luck運(yùn)氣；B.absence缺席；C.effort努力；D.fear害怕，擔(dān)心。根據(jù)上文“Ipractisedsinginginthebedroomeveryday”和“Ikepttryingatthesong”可知只有不斷努力才能成功。故選C。35．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我現(xiàn)在明白我哥哥為什么喜歡安靜了。A.fight斗爭，打架；B.noise噪音；C.quiet安靜，和平；D.safety安全。根據(jù)上文“myolderbrother____2____meditation”“mybrotherwouldmeditateonawindowseat.”可知哥哥喜歡冥想，喜歡安靜。故選C。第二部分:閱讀理解(共20小題:每少題2.5分,滿分50分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中,選出最佳選項。A（2022·天津·高考真題）Gettingintocollegeisabigstepforhighschoolgraduates,anditeswithalotofchanges.Formoststudents,it’sthefirsttimethey’relivingawayfromhomeandmanagingtheirownlife.Notsurprisingly,adaptingtothisnewlifestylecanbechallenging.Thefollowingfourtipswillmakehighschoolgraduatesbetterpreparedforcollegelife.GoalsettingWhensettinggoals,whetherthey’reacademic,career,orpersonal,remembertheyshouldbeattainablebutnottooeasy,sothatyoureallyhavetopushyourselftoachievethem,andfeelrewardedwhenyoudo.Writingdownyourgoalsandbreakingdowneachhuge,longtermgoalintosmallermorepracticalonescanhelpmakeitfeelmorereal,andwritingoutaplanforachievingitcangiveyouaroadmaptosuccess.InterpersonalskillsAtcollege,youwillinteractwithfellowstudents,professors,librarians,andmanyothers.Stronginterpersonalskillswillhelpyoubuildrelationshipsduringthistime,andgetmoreoutofthem.Ifyoufeelthatyourinterpersonalskillsneedsomework,practiceaskingthoughtfulquestionsandlisteningclosely,developyourunderstandingbyputtingyourselfinsomeoneelse’sshoes,andenhanceyourselfconfidence.StudyingWithfewerinclasshoursandmoreonyourownlearning,you’rerequiredtoreallydigestlearningmaterialratherthansimplymemorizefacts.Tobesuccessfulincollegeyou’llneedtolearnhowtointegratelargeamountsofinformationobtainedthroughreading,doresearch,andwritepapers.Organizationisthekey,soifyouarenotsomeonewhoisnaturallyorganized,setupyourstudyschedule.BudgetingManagingmoneyisacriticallifeskill,andformany,itisatcollegethattheydevelopitforthefirsttime.Startbyestimatingyourfinancialbalance.Thengivehighprioritytotheexpensesonbasicneedsanddeterminehowmuchmoneytosetasideeverymonthtocoverthosecosts.Don’tforgetaboutsavings…andthefunstuff(movies,dinnersout),too.36．Whoisthispassagemostprobablywrittenfor?A．Collegeteachers.B．Universitygraduates.C．Highschoolteachers.D．Wouldbecollegestudents.37．Whatistheauthor’ssuggestionforreachingahugegoal?A．Divideitintosmaller,moreachievableones.B．Rewardoneselfforeachgoalonehasset.C．Purchaseaclear,updatedroadmap.D．Pushoneselftoanupperlevel.38．Oneofthesuggestedwaystoenhanceyourinterpersonalskillsisto________.A．prepareplicatedquestionsB．tryonsomeoneelse’sshoesC．listentootherscarefullyD．takeadvantageofothers39．Whatisthekeytosuccessfulcollegestudyaccordingtotheauthor?A．Beingwellorganized.B．Beingwellinformed.C．Effectivereadingskills.D．Reliableresearchmethods.40．Tolearnhowtomanagemoney,thefirstthingtodois________.A．savemoneyforfinancialinvestmentB．estimateone’sineandexpensesC．setasidemoneyforfunactivitiesD．openapersonalbankaccount【答案】36．D37．A38．C39．A40．B【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了高中畢業(yè)生如何為大學(xué)生活做更好準(zhǔn)備的四個技巧。36．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的首句“Gettingintocollegeisabigstepforhighschoolgraduates,anditeswithalotofchanges.(對于高中畢業(yè)生來說，進(jìn)入大學(xué)是一大步，它帶來了很多變化。)”和最后一句“Thefollowingfourtipswillmakehighschoolgraduatesbetterpreparedforcollegelife.(以下四個技巧將使高中畢業(yè)生為大學(xué)生活做好更好的準(zhǔn)備。)”可知，該文主要針對于高中畢業(yè)生的。故選D項。37．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Writingdownyourgoalsandbreakingdowneachhuge,longtermgoalintosmallermorepracticalonescanhelpmakeitfeelmorereal,andwritingoutaplanforachievingitcangiveyouaroadmaptosuccess.(寫下你的目標(biāo)，把每個巨大的長期目標(biāo)分解成更小、更實際的目標(biāo)，可以幫助它感覺更真實，寫出一個實現(xiàn)它的計劃可以給你一個成功的路線圖。)”可知，作者建議學(xué)生要將宏大的計劃拆分成一個個細(xì)小的可實現(xiàn)的計劃。故選A項。38．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Ifyoufeelthatyourinterpersonalskillsneedsomework,practiceaskingthoughtfulquestionsandlisteningclosely,developyourunderstandingbyputtingyourselfinsomeoneelse’sshoes,andenhanceyourselfconfidence.(如果你覺得你的人際交往能力需要一些工作，練習(xí)提出深思熟慮的問題并仔細(xì)傾聽，通過設(shè)身處地為別人著想來發(fā)展你的理解，增強(qiáng)你的自信心。)”可知，新生在人際交往時學(xué)會傾聽。故選C項。39．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Organizationisthekey，soifyouarenotsomeonewhoisnaturallyorganized，setupyourstudyschedule.(組織是關(guān)鍵，所以如果你不是一個自然有條理的人，那就制定你的學(xué)習(xí)時間表。)”可知，在大學(xué)成功學(xué)習(xí)的關(guān)鍵是要學(xué)會成為一個有條理性的人，并科學(xué)安排自己的時間。故選A項。40．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Managingmoneyisacriticallifeskill,andformany,itisatcollegethattheydevelopitforthefirsttime.Startbyestimatingyourfinancialbalance.(理財是一項至關(guān)重要的生活技能，對許多人來說，正是在大學(xué)里，他們第一次發(fā)展了這項技能。從估計你的財務(wù)平衡開始。)”可知大學(xué)生要學(xué)會自主管理金錢，首先要讓收支相抵。故選B項。B（2021·天津·高考真題）WhenpeopleaskmehowIstartedwriting,IfindmyselfdescribinganurgentneedthatIfelttoworkwithlanguage.Havingsaidthat,IdidnotknowforalongtimewhatIwaslookingfor.ItwasnotuntilIfollowedthisfeelingtoitssourcethatIdiscoveredIhadapassionforwriting.Withsomeencouragementfrommycolleagues,Ihadoneofmypoemspublished.Thisbitofsuccess,however,wasthepointwheremyproblembegan.Backin1978,Ihadtotravelbetweenthreedifferentcampusesinthemorning,teachingfreshmanposition.AfternoonsIspenttakingmydaughtertoherballetandhorseridinglessons.Iposedmylecturesontheway,andthatwasallthethinkingtimeIhad.WhenIreturnedhome,therewasnotenoughofmeleftforwritingafterafullworkingday.Asawayout,Idecidedtogetuptwohoursbeforemyusualtime.Myalarmwassetfor5:00A．M.ThefirstdayIshutitoffbecauseIhadplaceditwithinarm'sreach.TheseconddayIsettwoclocks,oneonmynighttable,andoneoutinthehallway.Ihadtojumpoutofbedandruntosilenceitbeforemyfamilywasawoken.Thiswaswhenmymorningwritingbegan.Sincethatfirstmorningin1978,Ihavebeenfollowingthehabittothisday,notmakingoracceptingmanyexcusesfornotwriting.Iwrotemypoemsinthismannerfornearlytenyearsbeforemyfirstbookwaspublished.WhenIdecidedtowriteanovel,Idividedmytwohours:thefirstforpoetry,thesecondforfiction.Wellorbadly,Iwroteatleasttwopagesaday.Thisishowmynovel,TheLineoftheSun.wasfinished.IfIhadwaitedtohavethetime,Iwouldstillbewaitingtowritemynovel.WhatIgotoutofgettingupinthedarktoworkisthefeelingthatIamincontrol.Formanypeople,theinitialsenseofurgencytocreateeasilydiesawaybecauseitrequiresmakingthetoughdecision:takingthetimetocreate,stealingitfromyourselfififstheonlyway.41．Whatmotivatedtheauthortostartherwritingcareer?A．Herstrongwishtoshare.B．Herkeeninterestinwriting.C．Herurgentneedtomakealiving.D．Herpassionatedesireforfame.42．Whatproblemdidtheauthorfacewhenshedecidedtobeginherwriting?A．Shewastooexhaustedtowriteafterabusyday.B．Shehadtroubleindecidingonherwritingstyle.C．Shehadtotaketimetodisciplineherdaughter.D．Shewasunsureaboutherwritingskills.43．Whydidtheauthorplaceanalarmclockinthehallway?A．Incasetheclockinherroombrokedown.B．Incaseshefailedtoheartheringing.C．Toforceherselfoutofbed.D．Towakeupherfamily.44．Howdidtheauthormanagetofinishhernovel?A．Bystickingtowritingeverymorning.B．Bywritingwhenhermindwasmostactive.C．Bydrawinginspirationsfromclassicnovels.D．Byreducingherteachinghoursatschool.45．Whatcanwelearnfromtheauthor'ssuccessinherwritingcareer?A．Itisnevertoolatetochangeyourjob.B．Imaginativeideasdieawayifnottakenintime.C．Atightscheduleisnoexcuseforlackofaction.D．Dailylifeprovidesideasforcreativewriting.【答案】41．B42．A43．C44．A45．C【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述的是作者喜愛寫作并制定計劃一直堅持下來。41．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“WhenpeopleaskmehowIstartedwriting,IfindmyselfdescribinganurgentneedthatIfelttoworkwithlanguage.”當(dāng)人們問我是如何開始寫作的時候，我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在描述一種對語言的迫切需求?？芍偈棺髡唛_始她的寫作生涯的原因是她對寫作的強(qiáng)烈興趣。故選B項。42．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“WhenIreturnedhome,therewasnotenoughofmeleftforwritingafterafullworkingday.”當(dāng)我回到家時，在工作了一整天后，我寫東西的精力已經(jīng)不夠了。可知，當(dāng)作者決定開始寫作時，因為她忙碌了一天之后，她筋疲力盡，無法再寫作了。故選A項。43．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“ThefirstdayIshutitoffbecauseIhadplaceditwithinarm'sreach.TheseconddayIsettwoclocks,oneonmynighttable,andoneoutinthehallway.”第一天我把它關(guān)掉了，因為我把它放在觸手可及的地方。第二天，我調(diào)了兩個鐘，一個放在床頭柜上，一個放在走廊上?？芍髡咴谧呃壤锓帕艘粋€鬧鐘的原因是為了強(qiáng)迫自己起床。故選C項。44．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Sincethatfirstmorningin1978,Ihavebeenfollowingthehabittothisday,notmakingoracceptingmanyexcusesfornotwriting.”從1978年的第一個早晨開始，我一直遵循這個習(xí)慣，直到今天，不為不寫作找任何借口。可知，作者能夠?qū)懶≌f的原因是堅持每天早上寫作。故選A項。45．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“WhatIgotoutofgettingupinthedarktoworkisthefeelingthatIamincontrol.”我從摸黑起床工作中得到的是一種掌控一切的感覺。以及文章第四段“Sincethatfirstmorningin1978,Ihavebeenfollowingthehabittothisday,notmakingoracceptingmanyexcusesfornotwriting.”從1978年的第一個早晨開始，我一直遵循這個習(xí)慣，直到今天，不為不寫作找任何借口?？芍o湊的日程并不是不采取行動的借口。故選C項。C（2021·天津·高考真題）InthefictionalworldsoffilmandTV,artificialintelligence（AI）hasbeendescribedassoadvancedthatitisindistinguishablefromhumans.Butwhatifwe'reactuallygettingclosertoaworldwhereAliscapableofthinkingandfeeling?TechpanyUneeQisheadingforits"digitalhumans",whichappearlifelikeonthescreennotonlyintermsoflanguage,butalsobecauseoffacialmovements:raisedeyebrows,asmile,evenanod.Theylookclosetoahuman,butnotquite.WhatliesbeneathUneeQ9sdigitalhumans?Their3Dfacesaremodeledonactualhumanfeatures.Speechrecognitionenablesthemtounderstandwhatapersonissaying,andnaturallanguageprocessingisusedtoworkoutaresponse.Meanwhile,anotherAlpany,SoulMachines,istakingamorebiologicalapproach,witha"digitalbrain",thatimitatesaspectsofthehumanbraintoadjusttheemotions"felt"and"expressed"byits"digitalpeople".ShiwaliMohan,anAlscientistatthePaloResearchCenter,isskepticalofthesedigitalbeings."They'rehumanlikeintheirlooksandthewaytheysound,butthatinitselfisnotbeinghuman,"shesays."Humanqualitiesalsoinvolvehowyouthink,howyouapproachproblems,andhowyoubreakthemdown;andthattakesalotofalgorithmic(算法)design.Designingforhumanlevelintelligenceisadifferentattemptthandesigningimagesthatbehavelikehumans."Shethencontinues,“Ifsomethinglookslikeahuman,wehavehighexpectationsofthem,buttheymightbehavedifferentlyinwaysthathumansjustinstinctively(直覺地)knowhowotherhumansreact.Yetthedemandisthere,withUneeQseeinghighadoptionofitsdigitalemployeesacrossthefinancial,healthcare,andmercialsectors（行業(yè)）."Unlessthesesectorsmaketheirbusinessmodelsmuchmoreefficientdigitally,theymightbeleftbehind,"saysChetanDube,UneeQ9sCEO.Someotherpaniesaretakingtheirdigitalbeingsastepfurther,enablingorganizationsandindividualstocreatedigitalhumansthemselvesusingfreeaccessplatformstheyprovide."ThebiggestmotivationforsuchplatformsistopopularizeAl,"Dubesays.Mohaniscautiousaboutthisapproach,yetshesupportsthepurposebehindthesedigitalbeingsandisoptimisticaboutwheretheyareheaded."AswedevelopmoreadvancedAltechnology,wewouldthenhavetousenewwaysofmunicatingwiththattechnology,shesays."'Hopefully,allofthatisdesignedtosupporthumansintheirgoals."46．AccordingtoPara.2,inwhatrespect（s）doUneeQ9s"digitalhumans"resemblehumanbeings?A．Inthewaytheymovearound.B．Inthewaytheyactandreact.C．Inobservationandanalysis.D．Inspeechandfacialexpressions.47．SoulMachines’digitalbrainisatechnologicalbreakthroughbecauseit.A．leamstomakeproperemotionalresponsesB．tendstoimitatehumanbeings'tonevividlyC．recognizesthespeechsoundsitreceivesD．processesthenaturallanguageithears48．InMohan'sopinion,whathumanqualityislackingindigitalbeings?A．Calculatingbrain.B．Languageskills.C．Instinctivejudgements.D．Problemsolvingability.49．Whatmakesmanysectorsemploydigitalhumans?A．Thefearoffallingbehindinefficiency.B．Theurgencytopromoteemerce.C．Thewishtospreaddigitaltechnology.D．Theneedtoupgradethehealthcaresystem.50．WhatdoesMohanthinkofthefutureofdigitalbeings?A．It'swellplanned.B．Itispromising.C．Itisuncertain.D．It'squitehopeless.【答案】46．D47．A48．C49．A50．B【分析】這是一篇說明文。短文介紹許多科技公司正在推進(jìn)、研發(fā)“數(shù)字人類”，并被很多部門使用。但一些科學(xué)家對此表示懷疑，并指出了“數(shù)字人類”并不是真正的人類，有很多缺陷。但前景還是很有希望的。46．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“TechpanyUneeQisheadingforits"digitalhumans",whichappearlifelikeonthescreennotonlyintermsoflanguage,butalsobecauseoffacialmovements:raisedeyebrows,asmile,evenanod.”（科技公司UneeQ正在研發(fā)一種“數(shù)字人”，這種人在屏幕上看起來栩栩如生，不僅因為語言，還因為面部動作:眉毛揚(yáng)起、微笑，甚至點頭。）由此可知，根據(jù)第2段，UneeQ9s的“數(shù)字人”在言語和面部表情上方面與人類相似。故選D項。47．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Meanwhile,anotherAlpany,SoulMachines,istakingamorebiologicalapproach,witha"digitalbrain",thatimitatesaspectsofthehumanbraintoadjusttheemotions"fblt"and"expressed"byits“digitalpeople”.”（與此同時，另一家Al公司，靈魂機(jī)器公司，正在采取一種更具生物性的方法，擁有一個“數(shù)字大腦”，它模仿人腦的各個方面來調(diào)節(jié)其“數(shù)字人”的“fblt”和“表達(dá)”的情緒。）由此可知，靈魂機(jī)器的數(shù)字大腦是一項技術(shù)突破，因為它傾向于做出適當(dāng)?shù)那榫w反應(yīng)。故選A項。48．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“"They'rehumanlikeintheirlooksandthewaytheysound,butthatinitselfisnotbeinghuman,"shesays."Humanqualitiesalsoinvolvehowyouthink,howyouapproachproblems,andhowyoubreakthemdown;andthattakesalotofalgorithmic(算法)design,buttheymightbehavedifferentlyinwaysthathumansjustinstinctively(直覺地)knowhowotherhumansreact.”（“他們的外表和聲音都像人類，但這本身不是人類，”她說?！叭祟惖钠焚|(zhì)還包括你如何思考、如何處理問題以及如何分解問題；這需要大量的算法設(shè)計。但他們的行為方式可能不同，人類只是本能地知道其他人的反應(yīng)。”）由此判斷出，在Mohan看來，數(shù)字人缺少本能的判斷。故選C項。49．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Yetthedemandisthere,withUneeQseeinghighadoptionofitsdigitalemployeesacrossthefinancial,healthcare,andmercialsectors（行業(yè)）.Unlessthesesectorsmaketheirbusinessmodelsmuchmoreefficientdigitally,theymightbeleftbehind”（但需求依然存在，UneeQ的數(shù)字員工在金融、醫(yī)療和商業(yè)行業(yè)的使用率很高。除非這些行業(yè)將它們的商業(yè)模式數(shù)字化得更高效，否則它們可能會被甩在后面）由此可知，害怕效率落后讓許多行業(yè)使用“數(shù)字人類”。故選A項。50．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Mohaniscautiousaboutthisapproach,yetshesupportsthepurposebehindthesedigitalbeingsandisoptimisticaboutwheretheyareheaded.”（Mohan對這種方法持謹(jǐn)慎態(tài)度，但她支持這些數(shù)字生物背后的目的，并對他們的未來持樂觀態(tài)度）由此判斷出，Mohan數(shù)字人的未來是有希望的。故選B項。D（2020·天津·高考真題）Afteryearsofobservinghumannature,Ihavedecidedthattwoqualitiesmakethedifferencebetweenmenofgreatachievementandmenofaverageperformancecuriosityanddiscontent.Ihaveneverknownanoutstandingmanwholackedeither.AndIhaveneverknownanaveragemanwhohadboth.Thetwobelongtogether.Together,thesedeephumanurges(驅(qū)策力)countformuchmorethatambition.GalileowasnotmerelyambitiouswhenhedroppedobjectsofvaryingweightsfromtheLeaningToweratPisaandtimedtheirfalltotheground.LikeGalileo,allthegreatnamesinhistorywerecuriousandaskedindiscontent,“Why?Why?Why?”Fortunately,curiosityanddiscontentdon’thavetobelearned.Wearebornwiththemandneedonlyrecapturethem.“Thegreatman,”saidMencius(孟子),“ishewhodoesnotlosehischild’sheart.”Yetmostofusdoloseit.Westopaskingquestions.Westopchallengingcustom.Wejustfollowt