《英語復(fù)合句》復(fù)習(xí)課件

MainlyRevisionofJuniorEnglishJuniorThreeComplexSentences1精選2021版課件TheComplexSentencesinJuniorEnglish:

初中英語教材中涉及到的復(fù)合句主要有：TheObjectClause

(賓語從句)、TheAdverbialClause

(狀語從句)和TheAttributiveClause

(定語從句)。其它諸如主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句等形式的復(fù)合句盡管在教材中也有出現(xiàn)，但在中考中沒有被列為重點考查范圍。2精選2021版課件Ⅰ.TheObjectClause(賓語從句)

賓語從句是主從復(fù)合句的一種。賓語從句是英語中用來充當(dāng)賓語的句子。帶有賓語從句的那個句子叫主句。賓語從句一般由“引導(dǎo)詞+主語+謂語+其它”構(gòu)成，其語序是陳述句語序。3精選2021版課件重點和難點1、由不同引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句2、直接引語和間接引語3、賓語從句中時態(tài)的變化4精選2021版課件不同引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句由從屬連詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句

由連接代詞Who,whom,whose,which，

what和連接副詞where,how,why,when引導(dǎo)的賓語從句由從屬連詞whether,if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句5精選2021版課件

A)Introducedbythat主句的謂語動詞是say,think,tell,know,hear,see,feel,mean,hope,wish,remember,forget等時，或主句的謂語動詞是由形容詞afraid,glad,sure,sorry等作表語的系表結(jié)構(gòu)時，后面常接that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。e.g.Hesaysthat

hewantstospeaktotheheadmaster.I’msorry(that)heisn’thererightnow.6精選2021版課件Note:1.that的省略：that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句用來陳述事實，that本身無詞義，在從句中不作任何成分，在口語中或非正式文體中常?？杀皇÷浴.g.Iguess(that)somebodyelsehasborrowedit.I’mafraid(that)you’llhavetowait.2.賓語從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移：主句是I/Wethink/suppose/guess/believe等時，從句中的否定習(xí)慣上要轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中。如：我認(rèn)為雞不會游泳。誤：Ithinkchickenscannotswim.正：Idon’tthinkchickenscanswim.此外，上述情況在變成反意疑問句時，附加疑問句要看從句，如果主句的主語不是第一人稱，則附加疑問句要看主句。試比較：Ithinkheiswrong,isn’the?Hethinksheisright,doesn’the?7精選2021版課件e.g.Ihear(that)_______________________.（一小時后他會回來）Hesaid(that)______________________.（他非常想念我們）Theteachertoldus(that)___________________________.

（地球圍著太陽轉(zhuǎn)）hewillbebackinanhour

hemissedusverymuch

theearthmovesaroundthesunBack8精選2021版課件BackC)Introducedbyrelativepronounsandadverbs（連接代詞和連接副詞）一、構(gòu)成：1.1.賓語從句可由連接代詞what,who,whom,which等引導(dǎo)，它們在賓語從句中可作主語、賓語、表語和定語等，因此不能省略。Doyouknowwho

willcomethisafternoon?(作主語)Didyouhearwhat

hesaid?（作賓語）Idon’tknowwhosethatis.（作表語）Couldyoutellmewhichgatewehavetogoto?（作gate的定語）2.賓語從句可由連接副詞when,where,how,why等引導(dǎo)，它們在賓語從句中作狀語，不可省略。Wedidn’tknowwhen

shewouldcomeback.CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothepostoffice?Nooneknowswhysheislateagain.9精選2021版課件由連接代詞what,whom,whose,which,what及連接副詞

when,where,how,why引導(dǎo)的賓語從句1.Heasked__________________________.(誰能回答這個問題）2.Doyouknow_________________________.（他們在等誰）3.Heasked__________________________________.

（誰的書法是班上最好的）※5.Doyouknow_______________.（地球和月亮，哪一個比較小）6.Pleasetellme_______________________.（我們什么時候開會）7.Canyoutellme_______________.（他在哪兒）8.Couldyoutellme______________________.（我該怎么去車站）9.Wouldyoutellme_________________（為什么火車遲到了）

whocouldanswerthequestion

whomtheyarewaitingfor

whosehandwritingwasthebestintheclassWhichissmaller,theearthorthemoon?Whenwewillhavethemeeting

wherehishowIcangettothestationwhythetrainislateBack10精選2021版課件BackB)Introducedbyif/whetherif/whether都可作賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞，意為“是否”，在一般情況下可以互換。if多用于口語和非正式文體中，whether則多用于比較正式的文體中。如：e.g.Sheaskedmeif/whetherIcouldhelpherwithherEnglish.Idon’tknowif/whetheritisgoingtorain.11精選2021版課件BackNote:只用whether的五種情況：1.在介詞后I’mthinkingofwhetherweshouldgofishing.2.與ornot連用時Idon’tknowwhethertheywillcometohelpusornot.3.在動詞discuss或者其他介詞后面的賓語從句中Wediscussedwhetherwewouldhaveasportsmeetingnextweek.4.賓語從句提前時只能用whetherWhetherthisistrueornot,Ican’tsay.5.whether后可以接動詞不定式Wedon’tknowwhethertogotheretomorrow.12精選2021版課件由從屬連詞whether,if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句e.g.1.Iwanttoknow__________________________________.（他是否跟我們一起去公園）2.Askhim_____________________.（他是否能來）3.Idon’tknow___________________________.（是否要下雨）

if(whether)hewillgototheparkwithus

whether(if)hecancome

whetheritisgoingtorainornotBack13精選2021版課件直接引語變間接引語與賓語從句的關(guān)系陳述句變?yōu)橐龑?dǎo)的賓語從句e.g.1.Hesaid,“YouareyoungerthanI”.

2.Hesays,“Tomisagoodstudent”.HesaidthatIwasyoungerthanhim.

HesaysthatTomisagoodstudent.

14精選2021版課件直接引語變間接引語與賓語從句的關(guān)系一般疑問句變?yōu)閕f(whether)引導(dǎo)的賓語從句e.g.Shesaid,“Doyouoftencomeheretoreadnewspaper?”“WilltheygotovisittheGreatWall?”heasked.Sheaskedif(whether)Ioftencameheretoreadnewspaper.

Heaskedif(whether)theywouldgovisittheGreatWall.15精選2021版課件直接引語變間接引語與賓語從句的關(guān)系特殊疑問句變?yōu)閣ho,what,when等引導(dǎo)的賓語從句e.g.1.Heasked,“Wheredoyoulive?”2.“Howcanwegettothepost-office?”heasked.HeaskedwhereIlived.

Heaskedhowtheycouldgettothepost-office.

16精選2021版課件直接引語變間接引語與賓語從句的關(guān)系1、當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞是一般現(xiàn)在時或一般將來時，賓語從句的謂語動詞可以用所需要的任何一種時態(tài)。2、當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞是一般過去時，賓語從句的謂語動詞要用相應(yīng)的過去時態(tài)，但當(dāng)賓語從句敘述的內(nèi)容為客觀真理時，仍然用一般現(xiàn)在時。e.g.

Theteachersaidthatthemoonmovesaroundthesun.注意：Back17精選2021版課件四、賓語從句的時態(tài)主句中謂語動詞是一般現(xiàn)在時，從句中謂語動詞的時態(tài)不受限制，可根據(jù)具體情況選用適當(dāng)?shù)臅r態(tài)；主句謂語動詞是一般過去時，從句中也必須要用某種過去時態(tài)，以保持時態(tài)的前后呼應(yīng)。特別要注意的是當(dāng)賓語從句表示的是客觀真理、科學(xué)原理、自然現(xiàn)象、名言時，則用一般現(xiàn)在時，不受主句時態(tài)的限制。試比較：Hesays

thathewants

toseehimassoonaspossible.He

saidthathewantedtoseehimassoonaspossible.Tomsays

thatheismendinghiscar.Tomsaidthathewasmendinghiscar.Theteachertoldusthattheearthgoesroundthesun.18精選2021版課件二、難點：1.避免重復(fù)出現(xiàn)連接代詞或連接副詞；e.g.*Ican’tseethatwhatisoverthere.（應(yīng)去掉that）2.從句中的語序為陳述語序；e.g.*Doyouknowhowoldisshe?(應(yīng)改為：…h(huán)owoldsheis)3.從句中的時態(tài)與主句時態(tài)前后呼應(yīng)。e.g.*Shedidn’ttellmewhenshewillcome.(應(yīng)改為：…whenshewouldcome)

19精選2021版課件三、轉(zhuǎn)換：1)由連接代詞和連接副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句可用疑問代詞和疑問副詞＋動詞不定式替代，進(jìn)行句型上的轉(zhuǎn)換。

I’venoideawhatwe’regoingtodonext.=I’venoideawhattodonext.CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothepostoffice?=Couldyoutellmehowtogettothepostoffice?20精選2021版課件三、轉(zhuǎn)換：

1）find,think等動詞后面的賓語從句也可以用復(fù)合賓語（即賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語）來代替。Hefoundthatitwasdifficulttofallasleepbecauseofthenoiseupstairs.=Hefounditdifficulttofallasleepbecauseofthenoiseupstairs.21精選2021版課件Theradiosaysit_________cloudytomorrow.(be)Theheadmasterhopeseverything______well.(go)Tomsaysthatthey____________(play)basketballatsixo’clockyesterdayevening.Ihearthey__________(return)italready.Hesaidthatthey_________membersofthePartysince1948.(be)Heaskedwhatthey__________ateightlastnight.(do)Theteachertoldhisclassthatlight_______fasterthansound.(travel)Ithinkyou__________abouttherelayracenow.(talk)Ididn’tknowwhomtheletters_________from.(be)willbegoeswereplayinghasreturnedhadbeentravelsaretalkingwereweredoing22精選2021版課件10.Ididn’tknowwhattimehe_______theletter.(write)11.MissWangtoldmethattheearth______(move)roundtheearth.12.Couldyoutellmewho_________awaythebookalready?(take)13.LingFengtoldmehe_________toseveraltimes.(be)14.Ourteachertoldusinclassthesun_______intheeast.(rise)15.Canyoutellmewhatthey______yesterday?(do)wrotemoveshastakenhasbeenrisesdid23精選2021版課件將下列句子合并為一句:1.Wheredotheystopontheway?Iasked.2.Whatwillyouspeakatthemeeting?Couldyoutellme?3.Dotheyliketomakefriendswithus?Heasked.4.“Iamdoingmyhomework.”Hesaid.5.“Iwillcomeback.”Tomsaid.6.“Ishedoinghishomework?”Jimasked.Iaskedwheretheystoppedontheway.Couldyoutellmewhatyouwillspeakatthemeeting?Heaskediftheylikedtomakefriendswiththem.

Hesaidthathewasdoinghishomework.

Tomsaidthathewouldcomeback.Jimaskedifhewasdoinghishomework.24精選2021版課件7.“Whenwillhecomeback?”Tomasked.8.“HowcanIgettothestation?”Couldyoutellme?9.“Whyisthetrainlate?”Wouldyoutellme?10.“WhereisTom?”Theyasked.Tomaskedwhenhewouldcomeback.CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothestation?Wouldyoutellmewhythetrainislate?TheyaskedwhereTomwas.25精選2021版課件Ⅲ.TheAttributiveClause(定語從句)在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語從句。被定語從句修飾的名詞或代詞叫做先行詞。定語從句必須放在先行詞之后，對其先行詞起限定作用。ThisisTom.Tomgaveusatalkyesterday.----ThisisTom

who(that)gaveusatalkyesterday.先行詞定語從句引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞有：who,whom,whose,that,which引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系副詞有：where,when,why26精選2021版課件

一、who,whom,whose引導(dǎo)的定語從句

1.who在從句中作主語，不可省略，它所引導(dǎo)的定語從句所修飾的先行詞必須是人。e.g.Thisisthedoctorwho

cameheryesterday.2.whom在從句中作賓語，它所引導(dǎo)的定語從句所修飾的先行詞必須是人，可以省略。e.g.Theman(whom)

yousawlastweekhasleftthetown.27精選2021版課件注意：在從句中作介詞賓語時，介詞一般可放在whom之前，也可放在原來的位置上。在含有介詞的固定動詞詞組中介詞只能放在原來的位置上。e.g.a)

ThemanfromwhomIborrowedthebookisLiLei.=Themanwhom

IborrowedthebookfromisLiLei.(前句中的whom不可省略，后句中的whom可省略)b)

Thegirlwhomheistakingcareofisill.(takecareof是固定詞組)28精選2021版課件

3.whose在從句中作定語，表示所屬關(guān)系，其所修飾的先行詞既可是人也可是物。e.g.Iknowthewoman

whose

husbandisadoctor.Helivesinthehousewhose

windowfacessouth.29精選2021版課件

二、that,which引導(dǎo)的定語從句這兩個代詞均指物，它們所引導(dǎo)的定語從句所修飾的先行詞是物,通常情況下，它們可以互換。1.that,which在從句中作主語，不可省略。e.g.Heroisthefilmthat/whichwasdirectedbyZhangYimou.2.that,which在從句中作賓語，可以省略。e.g.Isthisthefilm(that/which)

youtalkedaboutlastweek?注意：關(guān)系代詞在作介詞賓語時，只能用which且不能省略。e.g.Thehouseinwhichheoncelivedisameeting-room.=Thehouse(which)

heoncelivedinisameeting-room.30精選2021版課件知識拓展：引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞that和which，在一般情況下，盡管可以互換使用，但在下列情況下，只能用that，而不用which：

1.先行詞是復(fù)合不定代詞everything,anything,nothing等時。e.g.Shedidn’tforgetanything(that)

hermotherhadtoldhertobuy.2.先行詞被序數(shù)詞或thelast修飾時。e.g.Thisisthefirsttextbook(that)

Istudiedintheprimaryschool.Heisinthelastrowthat

isnexttothewindow.3.先行詞被形容詞最高級修飾時。e.g.Thatisthehighestbuilding(that)

Ihaveeverseen.31精選2021版課件4.先行詞被theonly,thevery,thesame等修飾時。e.g.Thisistheverynovel(that)

youwanttoborrow.

5.先行詞是或被all,no,some,any,little,much等修飾時，e.g.I’vewrittendownall(that)theteacherdoesn’tallowustodo.Theyhaven’tgotanydictionaries(that)weneed.6.先行詞既包含人又包含物時。e.g.Hetoldusmanyinterestingthingsandpersons(that)

wehadneverheard.32精選2021版課件7.主句是以who,which引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句時。e.g.Whoistheman(that)

youspoketojustnow?Whichisthebook

that

wasstolenbyhim?

8.先行詞是主句的表語或關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作表語時。e.g.Chinaisnolongerthecountry(that)itusedtobe.33精選2021版課件三、關(guān)系副詞where,when,why引導(dǎo)的定語從句（在從句中作狀語）1.where表示地點，它引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾表地點的先行詞。e.g.Thisisthevillagewherehewasborn.c.f.Thisisthevillage(that/which)

hevisitedlastyear.2.when表示時間，它引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾表時間的先行詞。e.g.I’llneverforgettheday

whenIjoinedtheLeague.c.f.I’llneverforgettheday(that/which)

wespenttogether.3.why表示原因，它引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾表原因的先行詞。e.g.Thereasonwhy

hedidn’tcomeyesterdayisquiteclear.34精選2021版課件定語從句專練：()1.Thenumberofpeople

losthomesreachedasmanyas250,000.A.whichB.whoC.whomD./()2.Thisisthemostbeautifulpart

Ihave

visited.A.which;everB.that;neverC.which;yetD.that;ever()3.Myn