四川省仁壽第一中學(xué)北校區(qū)2020-2021學(xué)年高二英語下學(xué)期6月考試題含解析

四川省仁壽第一中學(xué)北校區(qū)2020-2021學(xué)年高二英語下學(xué)期6月考試

題（含解析）

考試時間：120分鐘滿分：150分

第I卷

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共5小題：每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳

選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對

話僅讀一遍。

1.Whatkindofcarwillthespeakersbuy?

A.Theonewithfourdoors.

B.Theonewithtwodoors.

C.Theoneinred.

2.Whydoesthemanmakethecall?

A.Toconfirmabooking.

B.Tomakeabooking.

C.Tochangeabooking.

3.Whatwillthemanprobablydotoday?

A.Askforsickleave.

B.Seeadoctorafterwork.

C.Invitehismanagertohishouse.

4.Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?

A.OnSaturday.B.OnSunday.C.OnMonday.

5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?

A.Ateacher.B.Anexam.C.Chemistry.

第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）

聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選

項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽

完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.HowwillthespeakersgotothenewItalianplace?

A.Bybus.B.Onfoot.C.Bycar.

7.WhatwillRobdotonight?

A.Eatout.B.Meetfriends.C.FlytoLondon.

聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題

8.Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?

A.Aweekendplan.

B.Adeliciouspicnic.

C.Thebeautifulscenery.

9.Whatdidthewomanintendtodo?

A.Walkalongthepark.

B.Stayathome.

C.Attendaconcert.

10.WhatisthewomanJsattitudetowardclimbingintheend?

A.Worried.B.Excited.C.Tired.

聽第8段材料,回答第11至13題。

11.Whatcolortiedoesthewomanthinkmatchestheman'sjacket?

A.Green.B.Black.C.Red.

12.Whydoesn'tthewomanlikehighheels?

A.Theyaren'tbeautiful.

B.Theyareuncomfortabletowear.

C.Theydon'tmatchthedress.

13.Whatdoesthemanmeanintheend?

A.Heknowsacafenearby.

B.Hecan'tdecidewhattobuy.

C.Hedoesn'twanttogoonshopping.

聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。

14.Howmanypeoplewerethereonthetrain?

A.17.B.18.C.20.

15.Whydidthebuslosecontrol?

A.Ithadafault.

B.Itcaughtfireinside.

C.Theroadwaswet.

16.Whatwastheresultofthecaraccident?

A.Thecar'sfueltankexploded.

B.Thecarcrashedintowater.

C.Francbrokehisarm.

聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。

17.Whendidthestudentsgettoschool?

A.At4:30.B.At5:00.C.At5:30.

18.Howdidthespeakerfeelwhenthecoacharrived?

A.Excited.B.Tired.C.Sad.

19.Whatdidthespeakergetforhersister?

A.Adress.B.Abag.C.AT-shirt.

20.Whatdidthespeakerlikebestaboutthistrip?

A.Theboattrip.

B.Thecomfortablehotel.

C.Theshoppingexperience.

第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上

將該項涂黑。

A

TheGuidetoRidingaSanFranciscoCableCar

CableCarHistory

ThecablecarwasintroducedtoSanFranciscoonAugust2,1873.Throughoutthe

1890s,eightcompaniesoperated600carswhichcovered21cablecarroutes.The1906

earthquakedestroyedmostofthecablecarsystem.Now,only37cablecarsremain

withthreelinesinoperation.Allcarsareartisticworksastheyaremadeand

handledbyhand!

Cablecarsaren,tjustfortourists!Theyareanessentialpartofthecity's

publictransportsystem.Theyarethecity'sonlymovinghistoriclandmarks.

TheCableCarLines

Powell-masonLine(Yellowsignsoncar):BeginsatMarketStreetturnaround,

andendsatFisherman'sWharfEastEnd(BayStreetturnaround).

Stops:Downtown(MarketStreet),UnionSquare,NobHill,Chinatown,CableCar

Museum,NorthBeachandFisherman'sWharf(BayStreet).

Powell-hydeLine(Redsignsoncar):BeginsatMarketStreetturnaroundandends

atFisherman'sWharfWestEnd(HydeStreetturnaround).

Stops:Downtown(MarketStreet),UnionSquare,NobHill,Chinatown,CableCar

Museum,RussianHill,Fisherman'sWharf(westend),andHydeStreet.

CaliforniaStreetLine:RunsEast-westfromVanNessAvenuetotheFinancial

District.

Stops:VanNessAvenue,PolkStreet,NobHill,Chinatown.

Fares

Tickets(singleride):canbepurchasedatturnaroundsorfromtheconductorwith

cashasyouboard.

Adult&Youth:$7eachway.Senior(ages65+)&Disabled:$3eachway

Passes:areperfectforvisitorstothecity,andallowunlimitedridingfor

one,three,orsevendaysonMUNIcablecars,streetcarsandbuses.

OneDay:$23;ThreeDays:$34;SevenDays:$45

Fastpasses(OneMonth):allowunlimitedridingforonemonthonMUNIcablecars,

streetcarsandbuses.

Adult(ages18—64):$78;Youth(ages5—17),Senior(ages65+)andDisabled:$39

1.WhatdoweknowaboutSanFranciscocablecars?

A.Theyoperateautomatically.B.Theyarejustavailablefor

tourists.

C.Theyhavebecomeauniquesight.D.Theyhaveahistoryofover200

years.

2.Whatdothethreecablecarlineshaveincommon?

A.Theyendatthesamestop.B.TheyrunthroughChinatown.

C.Theircarsareofthesamecolor.D.Theirroutesareequalin

length.

3.Howmuchwillacoupleof70payfortheirfastpasses?

A.$23,B.$39,C.$45.D.$78.

【答案】LC2.B3.D

【解析】

【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章是一篇舊金山纜車乘坐指南，介紹了纜車歷史、纜車線路

及票價等。

【1題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Cablecarsaren,tjustfortourists!Theyarean

essentialpartofthecity'spublictransportsystem.Theyarethecity'sonly

movinghistoriclandmarks.（纜車不只是供游客使用的!它們是城市公共交通系統(tǒng)的重要組

成部分。它們是這座城市唯一的移動歷史地標(biāo)。）”可推斷，纜車已經(jīng)成為當(dāng)?shù)匾环N獨(dú)特的

景觀。故答案為Co

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。比較三條線路的停靠點(diǎn)可以看出，它們都途徑Chinatowno故答案為B。

【3題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一句"Senior（ages65+）andDisabled:$3.老年人（65歲以上）

和殘疾人：$39）”可知，超過65歲的老人每人票價為$39,那么一對70歲的夫婦應(yīng)該支付

2*$39=$78。故答案為Do

B

Desperatetoprotecthisfarmlandfromagroupofmonkeysthatwerealways

destroyinghiscrops,afarmerinKarnatakasIndiadecidedtopainthisdogtolook

likeatigerinthehopethatitwouldscarethemonkeysaway.

SrikantGowda,afarmerfromKarnatakasShivamoggaregion,recentlymade

interactionalnewsheadlinesafteritwasreportedthatheusedhairdyetopaint

hiswatchdoginthecharacteristicstripesofatiger.Thedogalreadyhadareddish

haircolor,soallhehadtodowasaddtheblackstripesandsomewhitetogive

itthetigerlook.Itwasn*tthatGowdahadalwayswantedtoownatiger,butthat

hehopedthedisguise（喬裝）wouldhelpthedogdriveawaythemonkeysdestroying

hiscrops.

TheIndianfarmertoldreportersthathegottheideafouryearsagowhenhe

visitedUttaraKannadaandcameacrossafarmerinBhatkalwhowasusingafaketiger

dolltoscareawaymonkeys.Itseemedsilly,buthetriedtheideahimselfandwas

surprisedtoseethatitactuallyworked.However,hewasconvincedthatthetoy

tigerwouldn'tfoolthemonkeysforlong,sohedecidedtotrysomethingelseas

well.

Thetrick,strangeasitmightseem,hasworkedwellandthedoghasbeenable

toactuallyscareoffthemonkeys.

ThisyearGowdanotonlyusedhairdyetomakehiswatchdoglooklikeasmall

tiger,buthealsoplacedlargepostersofrealtigersandhisownfaketigerall

overhisfarmland,hopingthattheywouldkeepthemonkeysatbay.Thepaintjob

actuallydoesn,tharmthedog.It'sactuallyhairdye（染發(fā)齊ij）andlastsuptoa

monthbeforefadingaway.

4.Whatdidthefannerdecidetodotoprotecthiscrops?

A.RaisesometigersB.Drawadogliketiger

C.SettrapsforthemonkeysD.Makeuphisdogasatiger.

5.WheredidSrikantGowdagethisinspiration?

A.Fromatrip.B.Fromafriend

C.Fromatoy.D.FromtheInternet

6.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?

A.Thedyecandoharmtodogs.

B.Theupaintjob“willlastforonlyamonth.

C.Moredogsarelikelytobepaintedliketigers.

D.Monkeyswillneverstopdestroyingcrops.

7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.FarmerIsFriendlytoAnimals

B.FarmerIsGoodatDrawingTigers

C.FarmerProtectsHisCropsfromAnimals

D.FarmerPaintsHisDogasaTigertoScareAwayMonkeys

【答案】4.D5.A6.B7.D

【解析】

【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了來自印度Karnatakas的一位農(nóng)民為了保護(hù)自己的農(nóng)田

不受猴子的侵害，把自家的狗涂成老虎的故事。

【4題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一自然段“Desperatetoprotecthisfarmlandfromagroupof

monkeysthatwerealwaysdestroyinghiscrops,afarmerinKarnatakasIndiadecided

topainthisdogtolooklikeatigerinthehopethatitwouldscarethemonkeys

away.（印度卡納塔卡斯的一位農(nóng)民為了保護(hù)自己的農(nóng)田免受一群猴子的侵害，決定把自己的

狗涂成老虎的樣子，希望能把猴子嚇跑）”可知，這位農(nóng)民把自家的狗涂成老虎的樣子，希

望把猴子嚇跑。故此題選D。

【5題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三自然段"TheIndianfarmertoldreportersthathegotthe

ideafouryearsagowhenhevisitedUttaraKannadaandcameacrossafarmerinBhatkal

whowasusingafaketigerdolltoscareawaymonkeys.（這名印度農(nóng)民告訴記者，他

四年前在參觀烏塔拉卡納達(dá)時就有了這個想法，在巴特卡爾遇到一個農(nóng)民，他用一個假老虎

娃娃嚇跑猴子）”可知，這位農(nóng)民是四年前，在烏塔拉卡納達(dá)的旅途中得到的靈感。故此題

選Ao

【6題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一句話"It'sactuallyhairdyeandlastsuptoamonth

beforefadingaway.（它實際上是染發(fā)劑，可以持續(xù)一個月，直到褪色）”可知，涂色的本

質(zhì)是染色，一個月后染料就會褪去。由此推知，將狗涂色成老虎只能維持一個月。故此題選

Bo

【7題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一自然段“Desperatetoprotecthisfarmlandfromagroupof

monkeysthatwerealwaysdestroyinghiscrops,afarmerinKarnatakasIndiadecided

topainthisdogtolooklikeatigerinthehopethatitwouldscarethemonkeys

away.（印度卡納塔卡斯的一位農(nóng)民為了保護(hù)自己的農(nóng)田免受一群猴子的侵害，決定把自己的

狗涂成老虎的樣子，希望能把猴子嚇跑)”可知，全文圍繞一位農(nóng)民將狗涂色成老虎，來驅(qū)

趕猴子保護(hù)莊稼展開，講述了這一靈感的產(chǎn)生以及如何將狗進(jìn)行染色。所以D項“Farmer

PaintsHisDogasaTigertoScareAwayMonkeys(農(nóng)夫把狗涂成老虎來嚇跑猴子)”為

最佳標(biāo)題。故此題選D。

C

ThelandercarryingChina'sfirstMarsroversuccessfullytoucheddownonthe

redplanetearlySaturdaymorningBeijingTimeMay15,2021.Itisthefirsttime

ChinahaslandedaprobeonaplanetotherthanEarth.

Tianwen-1,consistingofanorbiter,alanderandarover,waslaunchedfrom

theWenchangSpacecraftLaunchSiteonthecoastofsouthernChina'sislandprovince

ofHainanonJuly23,2020.ThisisthefirststepinChina,splanetaryexploration

ofthesolarsystem,withthepurposeofcompletingorbiting,landingandroving

ontheredplanetinonemission.

ThenameTianwen,meaning“questionstoHeaven”,comesfromapoemwritten

bytheancientChinesepoetQuYuan(about340-278BC).China'sfirstMarsrover

isnamedZhurongafterthegodoffireinancientChinesemythology,whichechoes

withtheChinesenameoftheredplanet:Huoxing(theplanetoffire).

Tianwen-1waslaunchedviaaLongMarch-5rocket,China/slargestlaunch

vehicle.Tianwen-1hasbeentravelinginspacefornearly10months.Ithascarried

outfourorbitalcorrectionsandadeep-spacemaneuver.Ithadflown475million

kmandwas192millionkmfromEarthwhenitreachedMarsorbit.

Thecraft?splummetthroughtheMartianatmosphere,lastingaboutnineminutes,

wasextremelycomplicatedwithnogroundcontrol,andhadtobeperformedbythe

spacecraftautonomously.

“Suchachallengingattemptischaracterizedbyasuccessionofcomplex

activitiesthatmustbeconductedcompletelybythespacecraftwithinaveryshort

periodoftime,"saidGengYan,anofficialwiththeLunarExplorationandSpace

ProgramCenteroftheCNSA."Whataddedtothedifficultieswasthatwedon,tknow

muchabouttheMartianatmosphere,whichbroughtalotofuncertaintiestothe

mission.Eachstephadonlyonechance,andtheactionswerecloselylinked.Ifthere

hadbeenanyflaw,thelandingwouldhavefailed.”

8.WhatisthemissionofTianwen-1?

A.TorecordthewindspeedonMars.B.Toaccomplishthreemajortasks

onMars.

C.Tosearchforaliensinthesolarsystem.D.Toexploretheatmosphereof

Mars.

9.Whatdothenumbersinparagraph4mainlyindicate?

A.Theexpenseoftravelinginspace.B.ThesurroundingsoftheMars

orbit.

C.ThehugetaskofTianwen-l.D.ThesizeoftheLongMarch-5

rocket.

10.Whywasitdifficultforthespacecrafttoplummet?

A.Ithadtocompletetheactionsindependently.B.Itwastoofasttobe

controlled.

C.Ithadtraveledinspaceforaverylongtime.D.Itcarriedtoomany

supplies.

11.WhatcanweknowfromGengYan'swords?

A.LandingonMarsisaverychallengingmove.

B.China'sattempttoexploreMarsissuccessful.

C.Peopleareenthusiasticaboutexploringtheuniverse.

D.Tianwen-1isessentialtoChina'sspacestationprogram.

【答案】8.B9.C10.A11.A

【解析】

【分析】這是一篇新聞報道。文章主要介紹了搭載中國首個火星探測器的著陸器“天問一

號”成功著陸在紅色星球上，這是中國第一次在地球以外的行星上著陸探測器，文章介紹了

“天問一號”的任務(wù)、名字由來以及任務(wù)的艱巨性。

【8題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“ThisisthefirststepinChina,splanetaryexploration

ofthesolarsystem,withthepurposeofcompletingorbiting,landingandroving

ontheredplanetinonemission.（這是中國對太陽系進(jìn)行行星探索的第一步，目的是一

次性完成對這顆紅色星球的軌道運(yùn)行、著陸和漫游任務(wù)）”可知，“天問一號”的任務(wù)是在

火星上完成三項主要任務(wù)。故選B。

【9題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中^Tianwen-1waslaunchedviaaLongMarch-5rocket,China's

largestlaunchvehicle.Tianwen-1hasbeentravelinginspacefornearly10months.

Ithascarriedoutfourorbitalcorrectionsandadeep-spacemaneuver.Ithadflown

475millionkmandwas192millionkmfromEarthwhenitreachedMarsorbit.（天

問一號是通過長征五號火箭發(fā)射的，這是中國最大的運(yùn)載火箭?！疤靻栆惶枴币呀?jīng)在太空中

飛行了近10個月。它已經(jīng)進(jìn)行了四次軌道修正和一次深空飛行。它飛行了4.75億公里，

到達(dá)火星軌道時距離地球有1.92億公里）”可推知，第四段的數(shù)字主要為了表明天問一號的

艱巨任務(wù)。故選C。

【10題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段"Thecraft?splummetthroughtheMartianatmosphere,

lastingaboutnineminutes,wasextremelycomplicatedwithnogroundcontrol,and

hadtobeperformedbythespacecraftautonomously.（飛船在火星大氣層中持續(xù)了約9

分鐘的俯沖，過程極其復(fù)雜，沒有地面控制，必須由飛船自主完成）”可知，宇宙飛船很難

俯沖是因為它必須獨(dú)立完成行動。故選A。

【11題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“"Suchachallengingattemptischaracterizedbya

successionofcomplexactivitiesthatmustbeconductedcompletelybythespacecraft

withinaveryshortperiodoftime,““Whataddedtothedifficultieswasthat

wedon'tknowmuchabouttheMartianatmosphere,whichbroughtalotof

uncertaintiestothemission.Eachstephadonlyonechance,andtheactionswere

closelylinked.Iftherehadbeenanyflaw,thelandingwouldhavefailed."（“這

樣一個具有挑戰(zhàn)性的嘗試的特點(diǎn)是一系列復(fù)雜的活動，必須在很短的時間內(nèi)完全由航天器完

成。我們對火星大氣了解不多，這給任務(wù)帶來了很多不確定性，這加大了難度。每一步都只

有一次機(jī)會，而且這些行動是緊密相連的。如果有任何缺陷，著陸就會失敗?！埃笨赏浦?/p>

耿巖的話表明登陸火星是一個非常具有挑戰(zhàn)性的舉動。故選Ao

D

Self-drivingcarsarejustaroundthecorner.Suchvehicleswillmakegetting

fromoneplacetoanothersaferandlessstressful.Theyalsocouldcutdownon

traffic,reducepollutionandlimitaccidents.Buthowshoulddriverlesscarshandle

emergencies?Peopledisagreeontheanswer.Andthatmightputthebrakesonthis

technology,anewstudyconcludes.

Tounderstandthechallenge,imagineacarthatsuddenlymeetssomepedestrians

intheroad.Evenwithbraking,it'stoolatetoavoidacrash.Sothecar's

artificialintelligencemustdecidewhethertotakeasharpturn.Tosavethe

pedestrians,shouldthecarswerve(突然轉(zhuǎn)向)offtheroadorswerveintooncoming

traffic?Whatifsuchoptionswouldlikelykillthecar,spassengers?

ResearchersusedonlinesurveystostudypeopleJsattitudesaboutsuch

situationswithdriverlesscars.Surveyparticipantsmostlyagreedthatdriverless

carsshouldbedesignedtoprotectthemostpeople.Thatincludedswervingintowalls

(orotherwisesacrificingtheirpassengers)tosavealargernumberofpedestrians.

Butthereisadilemma.Thosesamesurveyedpeoplewanttorideincarsthatprotect

passengersatallcosts—evenifthepedestrianswouldnowendupdying.Jean

BonnefonisapsychologistattheToulouseSchoolofEconomicsinFrance.Heand

hiscolleaguesreportedtheirfindingsinScience.

uAutonomouscarscancompletelychangetransportationv,saysstudycoauthor

IyadRahwan.But,headds,thisnewtechnologycreatesamoraldilemmathatcould

slowitsacceptance.

Makersofdriverlesscarsareinatoughspot,Bonnefon'sgroupwarns.Most

buyerswouldwanttheircartobeprogrammedtoprotecttheminpreferencetoother

people.However,regulationsmightonedayinstructthatcarsmustactforthe

greatergood.Thatwouldmeansavingthemostpeople.Butthescientiststhinkrules

likethiscoulddriveawaybuyers.Ifso,allthepotentialbenefitsofdriverless

carswouldbelost.

Compromisesmightbepossible,KurtGraysays.Heisapsychologistatthe

UniversityofNorthCarolina.Hethinksthatevenifalldriverlesscarsare

programmedtoprotecttheirpassengersinemergencies,trafficaccidentswill

decrease.Thosevehiclesmightbedangeroustopedestriansonrareoccasions.But

they"won'tspeed,won'tdrivedrunkandwon'ttextwhiledriving,whichwould

beawinforsociety.”

12.Theunderlinedword“challenge”inparagraph2refersto.

A.people'snegativeattitudestowardsself-drivingcars

B.thetechnicalproblemsthatself-drivingcarshave

C.howself-drivingcarscopewithsuddendangerousevents

D.howself-drivingcarsreducetrafficaccidents

13.Accordingtothetext,onlinesurveysshowthat.

A.self-drivingcars,artificialintelligenceneedsimprovement

B.thebusytrafficmaybeaproblemforself-drivingcars

C.self-drivingcarsshouldbedesignedtoprotectdrivers

D.peopleareinamoraldilemmaaboutdriverlesscars

14.Whatcanwelearnfromthefifthparagraph?

A.Regulationsareinfavourofdrivers.

B.Self-drivingcarmakersareinadifficultsituation.

C.Mostpeopledislikeself-drivingcarsnow.

D.Thepotentialbenefitsofdriverlesscarsareignored.

15.WhatisKurtGray,sattitudetowardself-drivingcars?

A.Favorable.B.Doubtful.

CCritical.D.Disapproving.

【答案】12.C13.D14.B15.A

【解析】

【分析】這是一篇議論文。文章主要講述人們對于無人駕駛汽車在遇到緊急情況時是先保護(hù)

行人還是先保護(hù)乘客的問題上陷入了道德困境，這將減慢人們對它的接受速度。

【12題詳解】

詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第一段“Buthowshoulddriverlesscarshandleemergencies?People

disagreeontheanswer.Andthatmightputthebrakesonthistechnology,anewstudy

concludes.（但是無人駕駛汽車應(yīng)該如何處理緊急情況呢？人們對答案意見不一。一項新的

研究得出結(jié)論，這可能會阻礙這項技術(shù)的發(fā)展。）”和第二段劃線詞所在句"Tounderstand

thechallenge,imagineacarthatsuddenlymeetssomepedestriansintheroad.

（為了理解這個挑戰(zhàn)，想象一輛汽車在路上突然遇到一些行人。）”可知，此處的challenge

（挑戰(zhàn)）主要指的是無人駕駛汽車該如何處理緊急情況，第二段主要是對challenge的描述。

故選C項。

【13題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段“Surveyparticipantsmostlyagreedthatdriverlesscarsshould

bedesignedtoprotectthemostpeople.Thatincludedswervingintowalls（or

otherwisesacrificingtheirpassengers）tosavealargernumberofpedestrians.But

thereisadilemma.Thosesamesurveyedpeoplewanttorideincarsthatprotect

passengersatallcosts-evenifthepedestrianswouldnowendupdying.（調(diào)查參

與者大多同意無人駕駛汽車的設(shè)計應(yīng)該保護(hù)大多數(shù)人。這包括為了拯救更多的行人而撞向墻

壁（或者犧牲乘客）。但有一個兩難的問題。同樣是這些被調(diào)查者，他們希望乘坐不惜一切

代價保護(hù)乘客的汽車，即使行人會因此喪命）”可知，網(wǎng)上調(diào)查表明人們對于無人駕駛汽車

在遇到緊急情況時是先保護(hù)行人還是先保護(hù)乘客的問題上陷入了道德困境。故選D項。

【14題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Makersofdriverlesscarsareinatoughspot,Bonnefon,s

groupwarns.Mostbuyerswouldwanttheircartobeprogrammedtoprotectthemin

preferencetootherpeople.However,regulationsmightonedayinstructthatcars

mustactforthegreatergood.Thatwouldmeansavingthemostpeople.（Bonnefon

的小組警告說，無人駕駛汽車制造商處境艱難。大多數(shù)買主都希望他們的車能優(yōu)先于其他人

來保護(hù)自己。然而，法規(guī)也許有一天會指示汽車必須為更大的利益而行動。那就意味著要拯

救大多數(shù)人。）”可知，無人駕駛汽車制造商處境艱難，因為買主的利益和法規(guī)是相沖突的。

故選B項。

【15題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段"Hethinksthatevenifalldriverlesscarsare

programmedtoprotecttheirpassengersinemergencies,trafficaccidentswill

decrease.Thosevehiclesmightbedangeroustopedestriansonrareoccasions.But

they"won'tspeed,won'tdrivedrunkandwon1ttextwhiledriving,whichwould

beawinforsociety.（他認(rèn)為，即使所有的無人駕駛汽車都能在緊急情況下保護(hù)乘客，

交通事故也會減少。這些車輛在極少數(shù)情況下可能會對行人造成危險。但他們“不會超速，

不會醉駕，也不會邊開車邊發(fā)短信，這將是社會的勝利?！保┛芍?，KurtGray認(rèn)為無人

駕駛汽車的優(yōu)勢多于弊端，所以可以推斷他對無人駕駛汽車的態(tài)度是支持的。A.Favorable.

支持的；B.Doubtful.懷疑的;C.Critical.批評的;D.Disapproving.反對的。故選A

項。

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余

選項。

WAKEUPYOURBRAIN

Itisestimatedthat63percentofussufferfromboredomregularly.Astudy

showedthatfindingwaystointeractwithfamiliarpeople,places,andthingscan

makeeverydayexperiencesfeelexciting.Inotherwords,sometimesyou'vejustgot

toshakethingsup!16?Readon.

Withotherpeoplewecareabout

InsteadofuHowwasyourday?”tryasking“Whatareyoulookingforwardto

today?"or"IsthereanythingIcanhelpyouwiththisweek?”O(jiān)urcuriositycan

remindpeoplethatwe'reinterestedinwhotheyare,andthat'sthekeyto

maintainingaclosepersonalrelationship.17.

Whileyou'reworking

Spendingtoomuchtimeinthesameenvironmentcankeepusfromachieving

“flow"一beingimmersedinanactivitywithful1energyandenjoyment.Changes

don,thavetobebigtomakeanimpact.Moveyourhomeofficetothelibraryor

acoffeeshopafewdaysaweek.18.Forinstance,whenleadingaMonday

meeting,trystartingitwithanon-workdiscussion.

Withyoursignificantother

19.Ithappenswhencouplesstoptakingtheopportunitytogrowand

deeplyconnectwitheachother.Lookfornewchallengestotakeontogether.Try

mixingupdifferentsetsoffriendstodosomethingcreative,suchasagroupcooking

lesson,athemeddinner,oranold-fashionedteaparty.

20

Ifyoudrive,takeadifferentrouteorlistentoanewpodcast.Ifyouwalk

orusepublictransportation,greetastrangerorputawayyourphoneanddosome

peoplewatching.Justremember,whateveryoudotogetridofboredomtoday,try

somethingdifferenttomorrow.

A.Onyourwaytowork

B.Boredomisanemotionalstate

C.Depressionisaseriouscondition

D.Excitementisreplacedwithboredom

E.Approacharoutinetaskinanewway

F.Needsomefreshideastokeeplifefresh

G.Beingcuriousmakesusengagingtobearound

【答案】16.F17.G18.E19.B20.A

【解析】

【分析】本文是說明文。文章主要講了大多數(shù)人們會受無聊折磨，人們該做出改變使自己變

得興奮以及給出改變的辦法。

【16題詳解】

上文“Itisestimatedthat63percentofussufferfromboredomregularly.Astudy

showedthatfindingwaystointeractwithfamiliarpeople,places,andthingscan

makeeverydayexperiencesfeelexciting.Inotherwords,sometimesyou'vejustgot

toshakethingsup!（據(jù)估計，63%的人經(jīng)常感到無聊。一項研究表明，找到與熟悉的人、

地方和事物互動的方法可以讓日常經(jīng)歷變得令人興奮。換句話說，有時候你需要改變一

下。）”說明無聊在生活中很普遍，空格處承上啟下，下文每一段的小標(biāo)題是對應(yīng)的解決方

法。F項“Needsomefreshideastokeeplifefresh（需要一些新鮮的想法來保持生活

的新鮮么）”用反問句來引出下文的方法。故選F項。

【17題詳解】

上文“Ourcuriositycanremindpeoplethatwe'reinterestedinwhotheyare,and

that,sthekeytomaintainingaclosepersonalrelationship.（我們的好奇心可以

提醒別人，我們對他們是誰感興趣，這是保持親密的個人關(guān)系的關(guān)鍵。）”可知，好奇心可

以吸引別人的注意。G項“Beingcuriousmakesusengagingtobearound（好奇使我們

吸引周圍的人。）”符合題意，Beingcurious與上文中Ourcuriosity相呼應(yīng)。故選G項。

【18題詳解】

上文“Moveyourhomeofficetothelibraryoracoffeeshopafewdaysaweek.

（每周有幾天把你的家庭辦公室搬到圖書館或咖啡店。）”及下文“Forinstance,when

leadingaMondaymeeting,trystartingitwithanon-workdiscussion.（例如，當(dāng)

領(lǐng)導(dǎo)周一的會議時，試著以與工作無關(guān)的討論開始。）”可知，更換辦公地點(diǎn)及會議開始的

話題可以讓氛圍愉悅。E項“Approacharoutinetaskinanewway.（以一種新的方式

處理日常任務(wù)。）”承上啟下，符合題意，對前后的例證有總結(jié)作用。故選E項。

【19題詳解】

下文“Ithappenswhencouplesstoptakingtheopportunitytogrowanddeeplyconnect

witheachother.Lookfornewchallengestotakeontogether.Trymixingupdifferent

setsoffriendstodosomethingcreative,suchasagroupcookinglesson,athemed

dinner,oranold-fashionedteaparty.（當(dāng)夫妻二人再抓住機(jī)會彼此成長和加深聯(lián)系時，

這種情況就會發(fā)生。一起尋找新的挑戰(zhàn)。試著把不同的朋友聚在一起做一些有創(chuàng)意的事情，

比如一個集體烹飪課，一個主題晚餐，或者一個老式的茶會。）”說明朋友們聯(lián)系的少的時

候無聊這種情緒就會產(chǎn)生，試著跟朋友們做一些有創(chuàng)意的事情也能避免造成無聊。所以這一

段第二句的it指代的是boredomoB項uBoredomisanemotionalstate.（無聊是一種

情緒狀