2023-2024學(xué)年河南省焦作市高三上學(xué)期開學(xué)考試英語試題(（解析版）)

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1河南省焦作市2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期開學(xué)考試英語試題第一部分聽力略第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ATECCommunityEventSeriesDateandtimeThursday,July13,11am-11:45amLocation:OnlineAboutthisevent·45minutes·MobileeTicketJoinourmonthlycommunityevent!AtTECwehavefoundthatcommunityincreasessuccessandconsistency.Haveyoueverwonderedwhytheneedledoesnotmove,evenwhenyougetyour10,000stepsin?Doyoustillfeeloverlysoreafteraweekendfullofactivities?Oryoucan’tseemtobreakthepatternwithongoinginjuries?Ifthissoundslikeyou,thenTEChasyoucovered!Frommovementtomindset,wewillhelpyouengageyourbodyandgiveyoueasy-to-followmovementsthatyoucandofromanywhere.Thiswillhelpyouaccomplishyourfitnessgoals,feelgreatinallyoursummeractivitiesandavoidtherollercoasterofinjuries!TECmonthlycommunityevent!Stayactivebeyondyourtrainingforperformance,andprioritizeyouroverallhealth.Eachmovementwillhelpyoumaximizeyourrecoveryandavoidanyofthebadeffectsofyourworkouts,forexample,overuseinjuries,tightness,rangeofmotionissues,etc.Haveabodyandmindreadytointeractinalltheactivitiesthehealthyway!Connectwithotherathletesandindividuals.AskTECcoachesandotherathletesquestionsandcollaborate(合作)onbestpracticestooptimize(優(yōu)化)yourmindset!Thiseventisforyouif：Youdesireacommunitytogrowwith.Youhavestrongfeelingsofenthusiasmforworkouts.Youenjoyachievingatahighlevel.Youarelookingforsupportforyourmindset,sport/fitness,orwithyournutrition.Thiseventisnotforyouif:Youareclose-mindedandarenotlookingtobechallengedorencouraged.Youdon’tvaluelearningfromothers.Youarelookingforaplacetosellyourproductsorservices.1.Whatcanwelearnaboutthisevent?A.Ittakesplaceeverymonth. B.Itoffers45-minuteofflinetraining.C.Itshowspeoplethesecrettosuccess. D.Itaimstohelppeopletoloseweight.2.Howcanparticipantsbenefitfromtheevent?A.Theywillbegivenprioritytomembership.B.TheywillgainpermanentfreeMobileeTicket.C.Theywillgetone-to-oneguidancefromacoach.D.Theywilllearnhowtoavoidinjurieswhenexercising.3.Whoaremostsuitableforthisevent?A.Thosewhohopetoenjoyaquietweekend.B.Thosewhowanttoattractpotentialcustomers.C.Thosewhoattachimportancetoanactivelifestyle.D.Thosewhodesiregoodacademicperformance.【語篇解讀】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹一場(chǎng)45分鐘的社區(qū)健身活動(dòng)?！即鸢浮?.A2.D3.C1．〖解析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Joinourmonthlycommunityevent!(加入我們每月的社區(qū)活動(dòng)！)”可知，這個(gè)活動(dòng)每個(gè)月舉辦一次。故選A。2．〖解析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Joinourmonthlycommunityevent!AtTECwehavefoundthatcommunityincreasessuccessandconsistency.部分第二段“Thiswillhelpyouaccomplishyourfitnessgoals,feelgreatinallyoursummeractivitiesandavoidtherollercoasterofinjuries!(這將幫助你實(shí)現(xiàn)健身目標(biāo)，在所有夏季活動(dòng)中感覺良好，避免在玩過山車時(shí)受傷！)”可知，參與者可以學(xué)會(huì)如何避免在運(yùn)動(dòng)中受傷。故選D。3．〖解析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Thiseventisforyouif：部分“Youhavestrongfeelingsofenthusiasmforworkouts.(你對(duì)鍛煉有強(qiáng)烈的熱情。)”可知，這些運(yùn)動(dòng)適合對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)充滿熱情的人參加，即重視積極健康的生活方式的人們參加。故選C。BGrowingup,Espinomayhavebeenbetteratsportsthanhewasatgraffiti(涂鴉),buthismemoriesofhangingoutwithgraffiti-writerfriendsandlookingthroughgraffitibookshavestayedwithhim.Aftercollege,hewentintotheworldofrealestate,butcontinuedtocollectart.Afewyearslater,Espinobegansellingprintsandcreativeobjectsatlocalevents.InMay2022,heopenedaCultureGallery.“Iwantedtoseewhatit’sliketorunagalleryandIwantedtohelpartistslearnandmakemoneyfromtheirartworks,”heexplains.ThespacecaughttheattentionofLouJiménez,whoisnowthegallery’sdirector.JiménezsharesEspino’svisiontosupportlocalartists.“Hecomesfromadifferentbackgroundandisleadingbyexample,”shesaysofhisrealestatebackground.“He’stakingahugeriskbecauseitrequiresalotofinvestmentandthereisnoartmarkethere,soIappreciatethefactthatwe’retryingtoexpandthat.”Espinoadmitsheinitiallyunderestimatedhowchallengingsalescanbe.Evenwiththisrealization,hissightsaresetonsuccess,andhe’salreadyputhimselfina“biggermindset”tosteadilyaccomplishthat.Espinohopestakingartiststoothercitieswillprovidetheencouragementtheymightneedtopursueacareerinthearts.Fromhisbusinessman’sperspective,Espinofeelspeopleneedtobetaughtonthevalueofsupportinglocaltalent.“Alotofpeopleinthecommunityneedtobeexplainedtohowmuchdifferenceitmakestothecommunitytoinvestinlocalartandassadasthatis,theyjustdon’tseeitorhearit,”hesays.Notonetobackdownfromachallenge,Espinoandhisteamhavethepassionanddeterminationtoconstructaplatformthatwillhelplocalartistsand,ifallgoesaccordingtohisplan,theyhopetohaveasignificantimpactonthelocalartscommunityandcultureformanyyearstocome.4.WhatchallengeisEspinofacing?A.Hehaslittleknowledgeofart. B.Helackspotentialcustomers.C.Hecan’taffordmuchinvestment. D.Hehasnoaccesstofamousartists.5.WhatisthesolutiontothecurrentdifficultyaccordingtoEspino?A.Encouragingthelocalstoworkinothercities. B.Enlargingthespaceofhisgallery.C.Raisingpeople’sawarenessofart. D.Collectingevenmorefunds.6.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeEspino?A.Talentedandpatient. B.Ambitiousandhelpful.C.Considerateanddisciplined. D.Gratefulandcreative.7.Whatismainlytalkedaboutinthetext?A.Theextensionofahobby. B.Thefutureofpromisingartists.C.Thepopularityofgraffiti. D.Thevalueofartworks.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了房地產(chǎn)商埃斯皮諾（Espino）從小受到藝術(shù)的重陶，一直熱衷于藝術(shù)，后來開辦畫廊來幫助藝術(shù)家的故事?！即鸢浮?.B5.C6.B7.A4．〖解析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“He’stakingahugeriskbecauseitrequiresalotofinvestmentandthereisnoartmarkethere(他冒著巨大的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，因?yàn)檫@需要大量投資，而且這里沒有藝術(shù)品市場(chǎng))”可知，當(dāng)?shù)貨]有藝術(shù)市場(chǎng)，也就是說他缺少潛在的客戶。故選B。5．〖解析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Fromhisbusinessman’sperspective,Espinofeelspeopleneedtobetaughtonthevalueofsupportinglocaltalent.(從他的商人的角度來看，埃斯皮諾覺得需要教會(huì)人們支持當(dāng)?shù)厝瞬诺膬r(jià)值。)”可知，埃斯皮諾認(rèn)為人們需要被教導(dǎo)支持當(dāng)?shù)厮囆g(shù)人才的價(jià)值，提升人們對(duì)藝術(shù)的了解。故選C。6．〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Afewyearslater,Espinobegansellingprintsandcreativeobjectsatlocalevents.InMay2022,heopenedaCultureGallery.“Iwantedtoseewhatit’sliketorunagalleryandIwantedtohelpartistslearnandmakemoneyfromtheirartworks,”heexplains.(幾年后，埃斯皮諾開始在當(dāng)?shù)氐幕顒?dòng)中出售版畫和創(chuàng)意物品。2022年5月，他開設(shè)了一間文化畫廊。他解釋道：“我想看看經(jīng)營畫廊是什么感覺，我想幫助藝術(shù)家從他們的作品中學(xué)習(xí)和賺錢。”)”可知，埃斯皮諾是一個(gè)樂于助人的人；根據(jù)第四段“Espinoadmitsheinitiallyunderestimatedhowchallengingsalescanbe.Evenwiththisrealization,hissightsaresetonsuccess,andhe’salreadyputhimselfina“biggermindset”tosteadilyaccomplishthat.(埃斯皮諾承認(rèn)，他最初低估了銷售的挑戰(zhàn)性。即使意識(shí)到了這一點(diǎn)，他也將目光投向了成功，他已經(jīng)把自己放在了“更大的心態(tài)”中，以穩(wěn)步實(shí)現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)。)”可知，埃斯皮諾是一個(gè)有遠(yuǎn)大抱負(fù)的人。故選B。7．〖解析〗主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Growingup,Espinomayhavebeenbetteratsportsthanhewasatgraffiti(涂鴉),buthismemoriesofhangingoutwithgraffiti-writerfriendsandlookingthroughgraffitibookshavestayedwithhim.Aftercollege,hewentintotheworldofrealestate,butcontinuedtocollectart.(在成長過程中，埃斯皮諾可能比涂鴉更擅長體育運(yùn)動(dòng)，但他與涂鴉作家朋友們一起閑逛和翻閱涂鴉書的記憶一直伴隨著他。大學(xué)畢業(yè)后，他進(jìn)入了房地產(chǎn)行業(yè)，但仍繼續(xù)收藏藝術(shù)品。)”和第二段“Afewyearslater,Espinobegansellingprintsandcreativeobjectsatlocalevents.InMay2022,heopenedaCultureGallery.“Iwantedtoseewhatit’sliketorunagalleryandIwantedtohelpartistslearnandmakemoneyfromtheirartworks,”heexplains.(幾年后，埃斯皮諾開始在當(dāng)?shù)氐幕顒?dòng)中出售版畫和創(chuàng)意物品。2022年5月，他開設(shè)了一間文化畫廊。他解釋道：“我想看看經(jīng)營畫廊是什么感覺，我想幫助藝術(shù)家從他們的作品中學(xué)習(xí)和賺錢?！?”可知，這篇文章主要講述房地產(chǎn)商埃斯皮諾從小就一直熱衷于藝術(shù)，后來開辦畫廊來幫助藝術(shù)家的故事。故選A。CTherewasatimewhenthesolarindustrywasconsidereddeadmoney.Itwastooexpensive,tooinefficient,andtooinconsistenttobeagoodalternativeenergysourceforanything,letaloneyourhomeoroffice.Butthosedaysarelonggone.Today,solarenergyrepresentsthefutureofourplanet’senergyneedsbecauseit’scheap,efficient,consistent,andmostimportantly,clean.Solarenergycostshavedroppedbymorethan70%overthepast10years,andsolarenergyisnowcheaperthanfossilfuelsinmostpartsoftheUnitedStates.Letthatsinkinforamoment.Betteryet,thedriversofthesecostdeclines—economiesofscaleandtechnologicalimprovementspoweredbyMoore’sLawandWright’sLaw-arelasting,andtherefore,solarenergyisgoingtogetevencheaper.Indeed,theseforcesaresopowerfulinthesolarindustrythattheyhavetheirownlaw-Swanson’sLaw-whichstatesthatthepriceofsolarmodules(組件)decreasesbyabout20%foreverydoublinginglobalsolarcapacity.Forwhatit’sworth,theUSDepartmentofEnergybelievessolarcostscanandwillfallbyanother60%in2030.So,solarenergyisthecheapestwaytopowerthingstoday.Meanwhile,solarpanelshavebecomeveryefficientatturninglightfromthesunintousableenergy.Backin1992,researchersattheUniversityofSouthFloridacreatedathin-filmsolarcellwith15.9%efficiency—andthatwasconsideredabreakthroughatthetime.Thesedays,though,youraveragesilicon(硅)solarcellssportefficiencyratesabove20%.That’sstandard.Andmanufacturershavecreatedprototypes(原型機(jī))thataregetting30%efficiency,whilesomeresearcheffortshaveevenmanagedtoachievenear50%efficiencyincertainlabtests.Atthesametime,thesesolarsystemshavebecomedramaticallymoreconsistent.Oneofthebiggestdisadvantagesforsolarenergyintheearly2000swasitsintermittency(間歇性)—thesundoesn’tshineeveryday,sowhatdoyoudowhenit’scloudy?Well,that’swhybigbatteriesexist.8.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph4?A.Theworldwidepopularityofsolarenergy.B.Therapidincreaseinglobalsolarcapacity.C.ThecontentsofMoore’sLawandWright’sLaw.D.Thecontributorstothedeclineinsolarenergycosts.9.Whatisthepurposeofthefiguresinparagraph6?A.Toindicatethevarietyofsolarcells.B.Toprovethewideuseofsolarcells.C.Toshowtheimprovementofsolarcells.D.Tocomparethesizeofdifferentsolarcells.10.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthefutureofthesolarindustry?A.Positive. B.Doubtful. C.Uncaring. D.Worried.11.Whatismostlikelytobetalkedaboutnext?A.Thewideuseofsolarpower. B.Thealternativetosolarpower.C.Thedisadvantageofsolarpower. D.Thestorageofsolarpower.【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。文章主要介紹了近年來太陽能產(chǎn)業(yè)的進(jìn)步?！即鸢浮?.D9.C10.A11.D8．〖解析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Betteryet,thedriversofthesecostdeclines—economiesofscaleandtechnologicalimprovementspoweredbyMoore’sLawandWright’sLaw-arelasting,andtherefore,solarenergyisgoingtogetevencheaper.(更好的是，這些成本下降的驅(qū)動(dòng)因素——摩爾定律和賴特定律推動(dòng)的規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)和技術(shù)進(jìn)步是持久的，因此，太陽能將變得更加便宜。)”可知，本段提及太陽能成本下降的主要原因——規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)和技術(shù)進(jìn)步。故選D。9．〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段“Meanwhile,solarpanelshavebecomeveryefficientatturninglightfromthesunintousableenergy.Backin1992,researchersattheUniversityofSouthFloridacreatedathin-filmsolarcellwith15.9%efficiency—andthatwasconsideredabreakthroughatthetime.Thesedays,though,youraveragesilicon(硅)solarcellssportefficiencyratesabove20%.That’sstandard.Andmanufacturershavecreatedprototypes(原型機(jī))thataregetting30%efficiency,whilesomeresearcheffortshaveevenmanagedtoachievenear50%efficiencyincertainlabtests.(與此同時(shí)，太陽能電池板在將太陽光轉(zhuǎn)化為可用能源方面變得非常有效。早在1992年，南佛羅里達(dá)大學(xué)的研究人員就創(chuàng)造了一種效率為15.9%的薄膜太陽能電池，這在當(dāng)時(shí)被認(rèn)為是一項(xiàng)突破。然而，如今，你的平均硅太陽能電池的效率超過了20%。這是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。制造商已經(jīng)制造出了效率達(dá)到30%的原型，而一些研究工作甚至在某些實(shí)驗(yàn)室測(cè)試中達(dá)到了接近50%的效率。)”可知，本段中使用數(shù)字來說明太陽能效率的提高，也就是太陽能電池的改善。故選C。10．〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Butthosedaysarelonggone.Today,solarenergyrepresentsthefutureofourplanet’senergyneedsbecauseit’scheap,efficient,consistent,andmostimportantly,clean.(但是那些日子已經(jīng)一去不復(fù)返了。今天，太陽能代表了我們星球能源需求的未來，因?yàn)樗阋?、高效、穩(wěn)定，最重要的是清潔。)”可知，作者對(duì)太陽能產(chǎn)業(yè)的未來的態(tài)度是積極樂觀的。故選A。11．〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Atthesametime,thesesolarsystemshavebecomedramaticallymoreconsistent.Oneofthebiggestdisadvantagesforsolarenergyintheearly2000swasitsintermittency(間歇性)—thesundoesn’tshineeveryday,sowhatdoyoudowhenit’scloudy?Well,that’swhybigbatteriesexist.(與此同時(shí)，這些太陽系變得更加一致。21世紀(jì)初，太陽能最大的缺點(diǎn)之一是它的間歇性——太陽不是每天都會(huì)發(fā)光，那么當(dāng)多云的時(shí)候你該怎么辦？這就是大電池存在的原因。)”可知，這里提到了太陽能的持續(xù)性問題，然后提出陰天時(shí)候太陽能的有效性問題，由此推斷，接下來可能會(huì)介紹如何對(duì)太陽能進(jìn)行存儲(chǔ)。故選D。DSilencemightnotbedeafeningbutit’ssomethingthatliterallycanbeheard,concludesateamofphilosophersandpsychologistswhousedauditoryillusion(聽覺錯(cuò)覺)torevealhowmomentsofsilencemisinterpretpeople’sperceptionoftime.Thefindingsaddressthedebateofwhetherpeoplecanhearmorethansounds,whichhaspuzzledphilosophersforcenturies.Theteamadaptedwell-knownauditoryillusionstocreateversionsinwhichthesoundsoftheoriginalillusionswerereplacedbymomentsofsilence.Forexample,oneillusionmadeasoundseemmuchlongerthanitreallywas.Intheteam’snewsilence-basedillusion,anequallylongmomentofsilencealsoseemedlongerthanitreallywas.Thefactthatthesesilence-basedillusionsproducedexactlythesameresultsastheirsound-basedcounterparts(對(duì)應(yīng)物)suggeststhatpeoplehearsilencejustliketheyhearsounds,theresearcherssaid.Likevisualillusionsthattrickwhatpeoplesee,auditoryillusionscanmakepeoplehearperiodsoftimeasbeinglongerorshorterthantheyactuallyare.Oneexampleisknownastheone-is-moreillusion,whereonelongbeep(嗶嗶聲)seemslongerthantwoshortcontinuousbeepsevenwhentheyareequallylong.Intestsinvolving1,000participants,theteamreplacedthesoundsintheone-is-moreillusionwithmomentsofsilence,re-workingtheauditoryillusionintowhattheycalledtheone-silence-is-moreillusion.Theyfoundthesameresults：Peoplethoughtonelongmomentofsilencewaslongerthantwoshortmomentsofsilence.Othersilenceillusionsproducedthesameoutcomesassoundillusions.Inthelab,participantswereaskedtolistentosoundsinducedbythenoiseofbusyrestaurants,marketsandtrainstations.Theythenlistenedforperiodswhenallsoundsstoppedabruptly,creatingbriefsilences.Theideawasn’tsimplythatthesesilencesmadepeopleexperienceillusions,theresearcherssaid.Itwasthatthesameillusionsthatscientiststhoughtcouldonlybecausedbysoundsworkedjustaswellwhenthesoundswerereplacedbysilences.Thefindingsestablishanewwaytostudytheperceptionofabsence,theteamsaid.12.Whydidtheresearchersadaptauditoryillusions?A.Tomeasurethelengthofsilence. B.Tocreatesilence-basedillusions.C.Tocorrecttheoriginalillusion. D.Toprovetheadvantageofsilence.13.Whathappensintheone-is-moreillusion?A.Peoplemishearsthelengthofbeeps.B.1,000participantsgetdifferentresults.C.Thepausebetweentwobeepsishardtosense.D.Momentsofsilenceseemlongerthanthoseofsoundswhentheyareequallylong.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“inducedby”inparagraph6probablymean?A.Drownedby. B.Reducedto. C.Causedby. D.Comparedto.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Aresoundstricky?Ithasscientificbasis.B.Issilencegold?Sciencegivesustheanswer.C.Auditoryillusion?Itexistsjustasvisualillusion.D.Thesoundofsilence?Researchindicatespeoplehearit.【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。文章主要介紹跟視覺錯(cuò)覺一樣，聽覺錯(cuò)覺也是存在的?！即鸢浮?2.B13.A14.C15.C12．〖解析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Theteamadaptedwell-knownauditoryillusionstocreateversionsinwhichthesoundsoftheoriginalillusionswerereplacedbymomentsofsilence.(該團(tuán)隊(duì)改編了著名的聽覺錯(cuò)覺，創(chuàng)造出了用沉默代替原始錯(cuò)覺的聲音的版本。)”可知，研究者們改編聽覺錯(cuò)覺是為了制造基于沉默的幻覺。故選B。13．〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Likevisualillusionsthattrickwhatpeoplesee,auditoryillusionscanmakepeoplehearperiodsoftimeasbeinglongerorshorterthantheyactuallyare.Oneexampleisknownastheone-is-moreillusion,whereonelongbeep(嗶嗶聲)seemslongerthantwoshortcontinuousbeepsevenwhentheyareequallylong.(就像欺騙人們所見的視覺錯(cuò)覺一樣，聽覺錯(cuò)覺可以讓人們聽到一段比實(shí)際時(shí)間更長或更短的沉默。一個(gè)例子被稱為“一個(gè)是更多”，一個(gè)長的嘟嘟聲似乎比兩個(gè)短的連續(xù)嘟嘟聲長，即使它們同樣長。)”可知，在“一個(gè)是更多”的實(shí)驗(yàn)中，人們聽錯(cuò)了嗶嗶聲的長度。故選A。14．〖解析〗詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第六段“Inthelab,participantswereaskedtolistentosoundsinducedbythenoiseofbusyrestaurants,marketsandtrainstations.Theythenlistenedforperiodswhenallsoundsstoppedabruptly,creatingbriefsilences.(在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里，參與者被要求聽繁忙的餐館、市場(chǎng)和火車站inducedby的噪音。他們聽了一段時(shí)間，然后所有的聲音突然停止，產(chǎn)生了短暫的沉默。)”可知，參與者被要求聽來自于那些繁忙地方所產(chǎn)生的噪音，所以劃線詞的意思應(yīng)該是“由……產(chǎn)生”，和選項(xiàng)C意思一致。故選C。15．〖解析〗主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Silencemightnotbedeafeningbutit’ssomethingthatliterallycanbeheard,concludesateamofphilosophersandpsychologistswhousedauditoryillusion(聽覺錯(cuò)覺)torevealhowmomentsofsilencemisinterpretpeople’sperceptionoftime.Thefindingsaddressthedebateofwhetherpeoplecanhearmorethansounds,whichhaspuzzledphilosophersforcenturies.(一組哲學(xué)家和心理學(xué)家利用聽覺錯(cuò)覺揭示了沉默時(shí)刻是如何誤解人們對(duì)時(shí)間的感知的，他們得出結(jié)論，沉默可能不會(huì)震耳欲聾，但它確實(shí)可以被聽到。這些發(fā)現(xiàn)解決了人們是否能聽到的不僅僅是聲音的爭論，這一爭論困擾了哲學(xué)家?guī)讉€(gè)世紀(jì)。)”可知，這篇文章主要介紹跟視覺錯(cuò)覺一樣，聽覺錯(cuò)覺也是存在的。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Theslightestwrongchoiceofwordscanchangesomeone’smindset.Wordsarethemostpowerfulweapononecaneverhave,whetheritcomestowritingorspeaking.Youdon’tknowwhichwordwillhurtsomeoneandnegativelyimpacttheirmind.___16___Wordsthatseemlikeajokecanseemdeadlytoothers’mindsandlife.Apersonshouldhavecontroloverhistongue.___17___Spokenwordscan’tbetakenback,sooneshouldusethemwisely.Speechshouldalwaysbeconstructive,notdestructive.Graspingthepointsbelowwillsurelyhelpyouinimprovingyourvocalquality.Staysilentwhenyouareangry.Neverspeakwhenyouareinabadmoodbecauseatthatmoment,yourmindisgoingthroughbadthoughts.Ifthosebadthoughtsgetmixedwithyourwords,itcanspoilothers’mood.___18___That’swhyyoushouldalwaysbesilentwhenyouareangry.Wheneveryouaremadatsomething,firsttrytocalmyourself.___19___Awisepersonalwaysthinkstwicebeforespeaking.Heframesasentencewiselyaccordingtothesituationsothatnoonefeelshurtful.Yourwordsshouldbeclearenoughtodescribethesituation.Eventhegreatestlecturerpreparesafewtermsbeforeaddressingavastcrowd.Agoodlecturerhasthepowertoconvinceanyonethroughtheirwordplay.Neverjudgeapersonuntilorunlesshespeaks.Don’tpre-judgesomeonebeforeyouhaveaconversationwiththatperson.Lethimutterawordbeforeyougettotheconclusionofframinghisimageinyourmind.___20___A.Avoidspeakingtoofast.B.Thinkwellbeforeyouspeak.C.Somewordscouldbepoisonoustoothers.D.Itwouldbebestifyouwereverycarefulwhileusingwords.E.Heshouldbewellawareofwhatheisabouttospeak.F.Howapersonthinkscanbedeterminedbyhowheuseswordsinanysituation.G.Appreciatehisthoughtprocessand,ifnecessary,trytocorrecthimmostpolitelyratherthancriticizinghim.【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。文章主要就如何謹(jǐn)言提出三條建議?！即鸢浮?6.D17.E18.C19.B20.F16．〖解析〗根據(jù)上文“Theslightestwrongchoiceofwordscanchangesomeone’smindset.Wordsarethemostpowerfulweapononecaneverhave,whetheritcomestowritingorspeaking.Youdon’tknowwhichwordwillhurtsomeoneandnegativelyimpacttheirmind.(最輕微的措辭錯(cuò)誤都會(huì)改變一個(gè)人的心態(tài)。文字是一個(gè)人所能擁有的最強(qiáng)大的武器，無論是寫作還是口語。你不知道哪個(gè)詞會(huì)傷害別人并對(duì)他們的思想產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響。)”可知，這里說明使用詞語時(shí)應(yīng)該謹(jǐn)慎。選項(xiàng)D“如果你用詞時(shí)非常小心，那就最好了。”和上文意思一致。故選D。17．〖解析〗根據(jù)上文“Apersonshouldhavecontroloverhistongue.(一個(gè)人應(yīng)該控制自己的舌頭。)”可知，這里建議說話前要想好要說什么。選項(xiàng)E“他應(yīng)該清楚自己要說什么?！焙蜕衔囊馑家恢?。故選E。18．〖解析〗根據(jù)下文“That’swhyyoushouldalwaysbesilentwhenyouareangry.Wheneveryouaremadatsomething,firsttrytocalmyourself.(這就是為什么當(dāng)你生氣的時(shí)候你應(yīng)該一直保持沉默。每當(dāng)你對(duì)某事感到憤怒時(shí)，首先試著讓自己平靜下來。)”可知，生氣時(shí)可能會(huì)說出傷害別人的話。選項(xiàng)C“有些話可能對(duì)其他人有害。”和下文意思一致。故選C。19．〖解析〗根據(jù)下文“Awisepersonalwaysthinkstwicebeforespeaking.(聰明人說話總是三思而后行。)”可知，這一段建議人們說話前要先想清楚。選項(xiàng)B“說話前要想清楚?！焙拖挛囊馑家恢?。故選B。20．〖解析〗根據(jù)上文“Neverjudgeapersonuntilorunlesshespeaks.Don’tpre-judgesomeonebeforeyouhaveaconversationwiththatperson.Lethimutterawordbeforeyougettotheconclusionofframinghisimageinyourmind.(除非一個(gè)人說話，否則永遠(yuǎn)不要評(píng)判他。在與某人交談之前，不要預(yù)先判斷他。讓他說一句話，然后你才能得出在腦海中塑造他的形象的結(jié)論。)”可知，這一段建議人們?cè)趧e人說話之前不要預(yù)先做出評(píng)判，因?yàn)槟悴恢浪麜?huì)說什么。選項(xiàng)F“一個(gè)人的思維方式可以由他在任何情況下如何使用詞語來決定?！焙蜕衔囊馑家恢?。故選F。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。GailRodgersisprovingthatyoudon’thavetobeyoungtomakeapositiveimpactonyourcommunity.AcrosstheUnitedStates,poolshavebeencuttingback___21___orclosingentirelyduetoashortageoflifeguards.WhenthatalmosthappenedatMontgomeryTowneCondominiums,66-year-oldGail___22___up.Gailservedasalifeguard.Butthatwas50yearsago,andGailquickly___23___howmuchthingshavechangedsincethen.“It’shugely___24___now,”Gailsaid.“Thelifeguardbackthenwouldsitinthechairandmightblowthewhistle___25___totellyoutostoprunningorso.Theyhadnoflotation(浮標(biāo))device--allthey___26___wasawhistle.Sotheywerereallymorepolicethananythingelse.”The___27___examneededtobecomeacertifiedlifeguardisno___28___.Itincludesa300-yardswimand___29___abrickatthebottomofapool.Still,evenknowingthese____30____didn’tstopGail.“Iwentandgottheprecertification,andthenIwentthroughthefulltraining,”she____31____.Gailofficiallystarted____32____asapart-timelifeguardonMay27.She’lllikely____33____moreshiftswhensummercomes,butfornow,she’sabletohavequitea____34____schedule.Now,Gailhopesher____35____willgiveothersthecouragetheyneedtogivelifeguardingachance.21.A.expenses B.restrictions C.hours D.taxes22.A.pulled B.caught C.held D.stepped23.A.learned B.questioned C.recorded D.shared24.A.helpful B.successful C.different D.important25.A.stressfully B.awkwardly C.secretly D.occasionally26.A.owned B.obtained C.noticed D.removed27.A.physical B.visual C.medical D.psychological28.A.limit B.point C.joke D.problem29.A.keeping B.grabbing C.breaking D.carving30.A.schedules B.measures C.results D.requirements31.A.argued B.explained C.predicted D.shouted32.A.experiment B.training C.duty D.exploration33.A.handover B.putoff C.ruleout D.takeon34.A.flexible B.tight C.new D.special35.A.progress B.experience C.course D.advice【語篇解讀】本文是記敘文。文章主要講述66歲的蓋爾（Gail）在看到游泳館因?yàn)槿鄙倬壬鷨T而要縮短工作時(shí)間或關(guān)閉時(shí)，她挺身而出，重新開始做救生員的工作。〖答案〗21.C22.D23.A24.C25.D26.A27.A28.C29.B30.D31.B32.C33.D34.A35.B21．〖解析〗考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在美國各地，由于救生員短缺，游泳池一直在縮短工作時(shí)間或關(guān)閉。A.expenses花銷；B.restrictions限制；C.hours小時(shí)；D.taxes稅。根據(jù)下文“duetoashortageoflifeguards”可知，因?yàn)榫壬鷨T數(shù)量缺少，所以會(huì)導(dǎo)致游泳池不得不縮短開放時(shí)間或者關(guān)閉。故選C。22．〖解析〗考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)這種情況幾乎發(fā)生在MontgomeryTowne公寓時(shí)，66歲的蓋爾挺身而出。A.pulled拉；B.caught抓??；C.held抓?。籇.stepped邁步。根據(jù)下文“Gailofficiallystarted_____asapart-timelifeguardonMay27.”和“Now,Gailhopesher______willgiveothersthecouragetheyneedtogivelifeguardingachance.”可知，在社區(qū)發(fā)生缺少救生員的時(shí)候，66歲的蓋爾挺身而出，又開始做救生員了。故選D。23．〖解析〗考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但那是50年前的事了，蓋爾很快就明白了從那時(shí)起事情發(fā)生了多大的變化。A.learned了解，明白；B.questioned問；C.recorded記錄；D.shared分享。根據(jù)下文““It’shugely_____now,”Gailsaid.“Thelifeguardbackthenwouldsitinthechairandmightblowthewhistle_____totellyoutostoprunningorso.Theyhadnoflotation(浮標(biāo))device-allthey_____wasawhistle.Sotheywerereallymorepolicethananythingelse.””可知，蓋爾了解到，現(xiàn)在和過去做救生員發(fā)生了很大的變化。故選A。24．〖解析〗考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“現(xiàn)在情況大不相同了，”蓋爾說。A.helpful有幫助的；B.successful成功的；C.different不同的；D.important重要的。根據(jù)下文“Thelifeguardbackthenwouldsitinthechairandmightblowthewhistle_____totellyoutostoprunningorso.Theyhadnoflotation(浮標(biāo))device-allthey_____wasawhistle.Sotheywerereallymorepolicethananythingelse.”可知，以前和現(xiàn)在做救生員的情況不一樣了。故選C。25．〖解析〗考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)時(shí)的救生員會(huì)坐在椅子上，偶爾會(huì)吹口哨告訴你不要跑了。A.stressfully有壓力地；B.awkwardly尷尬地；C.secretly秘密地；D.occasionally偶爾地。根據(jù)下文“Sotheywerereallymorepolicethananythingelse.”可知，警察就是會(huì)時(shí)不時(shí)地吹哨子來提醒人們不要亂跑。故選D。26．〖解析〗考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們沒有漂浮裝置——他們只有一個(gè)哨子。A.owned擁有；B.obtained獲得；C.noticed注意；D.removed移開。根據(jù)下文“wasawhistle”可知，哨子是救生員所擁有的東西。故選A。27．〖解析〗考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：成為一名合格救生員所需的體檢可不是鬧著玩的。A.physical身體的；B.visual可視的；C.medical醫(yī)學(xué)的；D.psychological心理上的。根據(jù)下文“Itincludesa300-yardswimand______abrickatthebottomofapool.”可知，這是做一名救生員需要進(jìn)行的身體素質(zhì)的檢查。故選A。28．〖解析〗考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：見第7題詳析。A.limit限制；B.point意義；C.joke玩笑；D.problem問題。根據(jù)下文“Itincludesa300-yardswimand_____abrickatthebottomofapool.Still,evenknowingthese____didn’tstopGail.”可知，做一名救生員需要進(jìn)行的體格檢查不是開玩笑的，是需要真本事的。故選C。29．〖解析〗考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：它包括一次300碼的游泳和在池底抓一塊磚。A.keeping保持；B.grabbing抓；C.breaking打破；D.carving雕刻。根據(jù)下文“abrickatthebottomofapool”可知，因?yàn)樯w爾要做救生員，就應(yīng)該會(huì)碰到從水里把遇難者從水里撈起來的情況，所以他們要訓(xùn)練從水底撈起一塊磚。故選B。30．〖解析〗考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管如此，即使知道這些要求也沒有阻止蓋爾。A.schedules時(shí)刻表；B.measures措施；C.results結(jié)果；D.requirements要求。根據(jù)上文“Itincludesa300-yardswimand_____abrickatthebottomofapool.”可知，這些內(nèi)容都是介紹做救生員需要進(jìn)行的測(cè)試和要求。故選D。31．〖解析〗考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她解釋道：“我去參加了重新認(rèn)證，然后我接受了全面的培訓(xùn)。”A.argued爭論；B.explained解釋；C.predicted預(yù)測(cè)；D.shouted大喊。根據(jù)上文“Iwentandgottheprecertification,andthenIwentthroughthefulltraining”可知，這里是解釋蓋爾重新成為救生員所付出的努力和得到的成果。故選B。32．〖解析〗考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：蓋爾于5月27日正式開始擔(dān)任兼職救生員。A.experiment實(shí)驗(yàn)；B.training訓(xùn)練；C.duty責(zé)任；D.exploration探索。根據(jù)下文“asapart-timelifeguard”可知，蓋爾正式履行自己作為兼職救生員的職責(zé)。故選C。33．〖解析〗考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：夏天到來時(shí)，她可能會(huì)接更多的班，但目前，她的日程安排相當(dāng)靈活。A.handover移交；B.putoff推遲；C.ruleout排除；D.takeon承擔(dān)。根據(jù)下文“moreshiftswhensummercomes”可知，當(dāng)夏天到來時(shí)，蓋爾應(yīng)該是很可能會(huì)承擔(dān)起更多的責(zé)任，接受更多的輪班。故選D。34．〖解析〗考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：見第13題詳析。A.flexible靈活的；B.tight緊的；C.new新的；D.special特別的。根據(jù)上文“but”可知，上下文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，上面提到蓋爾夏天會(huì)很忙，所以現(xiàn)在的時(shí)間表應(yīng)該是比較靈活的，不太忙。故選A。35．〖解析〗考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在，蓋爾希望她的經(jīng)歷能給其他人勇氣，給救生員一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)。A.progress進(jìn)步；B.experience經(jīng)歷；C.course課程；D.advice建議。根據(jù)下文“willgiveothersthecouragetheyneedtogivelifeguardingachance”可知，作為一名66歲的老人，蓋爾希望自己所做的事情可以給他人勇氣。故選B。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。WhenareporterfirstmetJakeLeePinnick,theAmerican’sfluencyinPutonghua___36___(absolute)shockedher.Dressed___37___adarkblueTaoist(道家服)withablackclothbagandseverallongbags___38___(contain)dongxiaoandchiba—twokindsoftraditionalChinesebamboomusicalinstruments-hesaidhealwayswearsaTaoistuniformandcarriesalongadongxiaoforpracticewhereverhegoes.In2010,PinnickmovedallthewaytoWudangfromtheUSwhenhewasjust20yearsoldand___39___(form)adeepconnectionwithWudang,martialartsandtraditionalChinesecultureeversince.Tohim,WudanghasnowbecomeasecondhomeandmartialartsandtraditionalChinesecultureare___40___his“l(fā)ifetimepassion”settled.Inhisview,martialartsandmaintainingapeacefulmind___41___(be)practicesworthpursuing.Tohim,promotingWudangmartialartsandcult