Unit+4+Adversity+and+Courage+Discovering+useful+structures+課件-【知識精研+拓展提升】高中英語人教版選擇性必修第三冊

【版本：新人教冊別：選擇性必修三】DiscoveringUsefulStructuresUNIT4ADVERSITYANDCOURAGE1.EnabletheSstomastertheusageofthePresentPerfectContinuoustense2.EnabletheSstousetherelevantgrammarflexiblyandauthenticallyintherealsituationTeachingObjectivesⅠLead-inLead-inThisistheadventurethatIhavebeendreamingof.(diary1,Para.1)Wearenowcampedonthericeandwehavebeenmanagingtosurvive,butspringiscoming,andtheicewillsoonbegintomelt.(diary2,Para.3)We

havebeenstrugglingfordays,butthingsonElephantIslandaregoingfrombadtoworse.(diary3,Para.1)Lookatthesentencesbelowandthinkwhatisthetenseofeachsentence.(P38-39)presentperfectcontinuoustense(現(xiàn)在完成進行時)Question:whatisthefunctionofthepresentperfectcontinuoustense?1.totalkaboutactionthatstartedinthepastandstoppedrecently.Thereisusuallyaresultnow.2.totalkaboutactionthatstartedinthepastandiscontinuingnow.Thisisoftenusedwithfororsince.單元語法自我探究Lead-in基本結(jié)構(gòu)：“have/hasbeen+現(xiàn)在分詞”基本含義：表示動作從過去某一時間開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，可能剛剛停止，也可能仍在繼續(xù)。PresentPastFuturepresentperfectcontinuoustense(現(xiàn)在完成進行時)ⅡObserveandDiscoverObserveandDiscoverTheusageofthetense(1)Theartisthasbeenpaintingthepicturefor3hours,buthehasnotfinishedityet.Youhavebeendesigning

solarracingcarsforalongtime.這位藝術(shù)家畫這幅畫已經(jīng)三個小時了，但他還沒有畫完。你設(shè)計太陽能賽車已經(jīng)很長時間了?，F(xiàn)在完成進行時態(tài)表示動作還未結(jié)束，還要繼續(xù)持續(xù)下去。TranslatethesentencesintoChinese.ObserveandDiscoverTheusageofthetense(2)1.Allthesedayshehasbeenwriting

articlestoourmagazine.2.He

hasbeenpromisingtohelpyou.Hasn’thedoneit?3.I_______________(take)partinracesforaboutfouryears.4.Jack_______________(phone)Janeeverynightforthelastweek.havebeentakinghasbeenphoning表示動作并不是一直不停地進行，而是在斷斷續(xù)續(xù)地重復(fù)。ObserveandDiscover1.Tomhas

alwaysbeenworkinghard.2.Timehasbeenflyingsoquickly!3.Whathave

youbeendoingtomydictionary?帶有感情色彩，使語言表達更加生動。贊許的感情色彩感嘆時間之快不滿的感情色彩Whatkindofemotiondoesthewriterexpressinthesesentences?Theusageofthetense(3)1.現(xiàn)在完成進行時概述現(xiàn)在完成進行時表示過去發(fā)生的動作或狀況一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，這個動作可能仍在繼續(xù)進行或剛剛結(jié)束?，F(xiàn)在完成進行時由“have/has+been+現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成。肯定句：主語+have/has+been+現(xiàn)在分詞...否定句：主語+have/has+not+been+現(xiàn)在分詞...疑問句：Have/Has+主語+been+現(xiàn)在分詞...?疑問代詞/疑問副詞+have/has+（主語+）been+現(xiàn)在分詞(1)I’vebeentrying

tofindouthertelephonenumber.

我一直在查問她的電話號碼。(2)Theyhavebeenwidening

theroad.他們在拓寬這條路?，F(xiàn)在完成進行時研析（1）Myeyesache.I

（stay）infrontofthecomputeralltheafternoon.（2）He

（do）thisinordertorepaytheboy’skindness.（3）I

（learn）Englishsincethreeyearsago.（4）Youknow，I

（look）forajobforthreemonths，andthisismyfirstformalinterview. havebeenstayinghasbeendoinghavebeenlearninghavebeenlooking單句語法填空2.現(xiàn)在完成進行時的用法1）表示過去發(fā)生并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作HowlonghaveyoubeenlearningEnglish?

你學(xué)習英語多久了？ShehasbeenburningthemidnightoiltoprepareforGRErecently.

她最近在熬夜準備研究生入學(xué)資格考試。Tomhasbeenplaying

theonlinegamesformorethantwentyhours.

湯姆玩網(wǎng)游已經(jīng)超過二十個小時了。Hisbrotherhasbeenwriting

thisnovelsincelastyear.

他哥哥從去年起就一直在寫這本小說。2）表示到目前為止的一段時間內(nèi)重復(fù)進行的活動Ihavebeentellingyounottomaketrouble.

我一直勸你不要找麻煩。Theoldmanhasbeenrepairingcarsforthirtyyears.

這個老人修汽車修了三十年了。Jackhasbeenpractising

TaiChiformorethanayear.

杰克練太極一年多了。（3）表示根據(jù)直接或間接的證據(jù)而得出結(jié)論Hiseyesarered.Hehasbeenworking

toohardrecently.

他的眼睛紅了，準是他最近工作太辛苦了。1)—Ihavegotaheadache.我頭痛?！狽owonder.You

havebeenworking

infrontofthatcomputertoolong.

不足為奇。你在那臺電腦前工作太久了。2)—I’msureAndrewwillwinfirstprizeinthefinal.

我相信安德魯在決賽中會得第一名。

3)—Ithinkso.Hehasbeenpreparingforitformonths.

我也是這樣認為的。他為此準備好幾個月了。4）表達某種感情色彩:現(xiàn)在完成進行時有時帶有強烈的表揚或厭惡等感情色彩。We’vebeenlooking

forwardtooursummervacation.我們一直盼望著暑假。Toomuchhasbeenhappening

today.今天真是一個多事的日子。 以下幾類動詞不能用于現(xiàn)在完成進行時：

①表示感官、感覺：see，hear，smell等；②表示愛憎：love，prefer，mind等；③表示希望、意愿：wish，want，desire等；④表示相信、猜想：believe，think，suppose等；⑤非延續(xù)性動詞。學(xué)法點撥Whichtenseisusedtoemphasisethecontinuation(持續(xù)；連續(xù))oftheaction?ThisistheadventurethatIhavebeendreamingof.ThisistheadventurethatIhavedreamtof.Wehavebeenstrugglingfordays.Wehavestruggledfordays.Whichtenseisusedtotalkaboutafinishedaction,andwhichisaboutanunfinishedaction?Wehavebeenmanagingtosurvive.Wehavemanagedtosurvive.Whichtenseisusedtoemphasisethelengthoftime?ObserveandDiscoverfinishedactionunfinishedaction3.現(xiàn)在完成進行時與現(xiàn)在完成時的區(qū)別(1)現(xiàn)在完成時強調(diào)完成和影響，現(xiàn)在完成進行時強調(diào)未完成和動作。I’vebeendoing

myhomework.我一直在做家庭作業(yè)。(還在做)

I’vefinishedmyhomework.我已做完家庭作業(yè)了。（已完成）

(2)現(xiàn)在完成時經(jīng)常表單個事件，現(xiàn)在完成進行時可表重復(fù)事件。Juliahasgone

tothelibrary.朱莉婭去圖書館了。（單個事件）Juliahasbeengoing

tothelibraryforayear.朱莉婭在一年間經(jīng)常去圖書館。（重復(fù)事件）(3)現(xiàn)在完成時通常只陳述事實，而現(xiàn)在完成進行時含感情色彩。Whathaveyoudone?你做什么了？（僅是問問）Wherehaveyoubeen?Ihavebeenwaiting

foryouintherainfortwohours.你去哪里了？我在雨中等了你兩個小時。（表示不滿）(4)表重復(fù)時，現(xiàn)在完成時強調(diào)成果，講次數(shù)；現(xiàn)在完成進行時強調(diào)持續(xù)，不講次數(shù)。Ihavesentthirtye-mailsthismorning.我今天上午發(fā)了三十封電子郵件。Ihavebeensendinge-mailsthismorning.我今天上午一直在發(fā)電子郵件。(5)不用于進行時態(tài)的動詞通常也不用于現(xiàn)在完成進行時，但它們可以用于現(xiàn)在完成時。Thewarhaslasted

foralongtime.這場戰(zhàn)爭持續(xù)了很長時間。(6)現(xiàn)在完成進行時不用于被動語態(tài)。若要用，可用現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)代替。Thehouse

hasbeenpaintedforamonth.房子已經(jīng)粉刷了一個月了。ObserveandDiscover現(xiàn)在完成時與現(xiàn)在完成進行時的區(qū)別：summary現(xiàn)在完成進行時現(xiàn)在完成時強調(diào)動作的_________強調(diào)動作的_______多用來詢問和表達一個______________或_________________多用來詢問和表達一個________________或____________________延續(xù)完成正在發(fā)生的動作活動延續(xù)多長時間已結(jié)束的動作活動所完成的分量和頻率ObserveandDiscover現(xiàn)在完成進行時陳述句、一般疑問句和簡單句的簡單回答：陳述句一般疑問句簡單回答I/We/You/Theyhave(not)beenworking...He/She/Ithas(not)beenworking...HaveI/we/you/theybeenworking…?Hashe/she/itbeenworking...?Yes,I/we/you/theyhave.No,I/we/you/theyhaven’t.

Yes,he/she/ithas.No,he/she/ithasn’t.presentperfectcontinuoustensevs

pastperfectcontinuoustense1.Tom

hadbeentextinghispenpalforfouryears.2.Tomhasbeentextinghispenpalforfouryears.Trytocomparethefollowingtwosetsofsentences.過去完成進行時表示過去一段時間內(nèi)一直在做的事情，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)終止了；現(xiàn)在完成進行時表示過去某個時段一直做著一件事，并到現(xiàn)在還在繼續(xù)。1.Shehadbeensuffering

fromabadcoldwhenshetooktheexam.2.Shehasbeensuffering

fromabadcoldsinceshetooktheexam.ⅢPracticeandApply

Readeachsituationandrewriteeachsentenceusingthepresentperfectcontinuoustense.(P41E2)Readeachsituationandrewriteeachsentenceusingthepresentperfectcontinuoustense.(P41E2)Stevestartedtoplayrugby(英式橄欖球運動)

attheageofeight.Nowhehasbecomeaprofessionalplayer.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________Timmyisholdingatabletennisbat(球拍)

andhisshorthairisdamp(微濕的；潮濕的)

withsweat.Helooksalittletiredafterplayingtabletennisfortwohours.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Stevehasbeenplayingrugbysincetheageofeight.Nowhehasbecomeaprofessionalplayer.Timmyisholdingatabletennisbatandhisshorthairisdampwithsweat.Helooksalittletiredbecausehehasbeenplayingtabletennisfortwohours.Readeachsituationandrewriteeachsentenceusingthepresentperfectcontinuoustense.(P41E2)Dianehasn’tgotmuchsleepthisweek.Shelooksterribletoday.______________________________________________________________________________________________Itriedtophoneyouthismorning.ImusthavetriedadozentimesbeforeIcaughtyouhere.__________________________________________________________________________________________________Dianehasn’tbeensleepingwellthisweek.Shelooksterribletoday.I

havebeentryingtophoneyouthismorning.ImusthavetriedadozentimesbeforeIcaughtyouhere.Didthisactionstartfromthepastandlast/repeattillnow?Isitlikelythatthisactionwillcontinueinthefuture?Isthespeakerexpressingstrongemotioninthissentence?Isthespeakertryingtoemphasisetheactionhaslastedlong?ThinkingTimeP41E2Completethesentencesbelowusingthecorrecttensesoftheverbsinbrackets.Thenexplainyourreasonstoyourpartner.(P41E3)Forthewholemorning,theboardofdirectors_______________(discuss)theresolutiontoincreasewagesinthecomingyear.Jason’sonlyrecreationispainting.He______________(learn)howtopaintforoverfiveyears.Eventhoughwelostthegame,weshouldbeproudofourselvesbecausewe______(try)ourbestand_______(work)asateam.hasbeendiscussinghasbeenlearningtriedworkedCompletethesentencesbelowusingthecorrecttensesoftheverbsinbrackets.Thenexplainyourreasonstoyourpartner.(P41E3)Hefinally________(finish)theresearchpaperunderhistutor’sguidance.MynephewSam_________________(collect)comicbookssincehewasfive.Nowhehasmorethantwohundredofthem.Thecompany__________________________________(launch)anadvertisingcampaigntopromoteitscorporateimage.islaunching/haslaunched/launchedfinishedhasbeencollectingCompletethesentencesbelowusingthecorrecttensesoftheverbsinbrackets.Thenexplainyourreasonstoyourpartner.(P41E3)Interviewyourpartneraboutthethingsthathe/shehasbeendoing.(P