新視野大學(xué)英語三-原文與翻譯

./1Asayoungboy,Britain'sgreatPrimeMinister,SirWinstonChurchill,attendedapublicschoolcalledHarrow.Hewasnotagoodstudent,andhadhenotbeenfromafamousfamily,heprobablywouldhavebeenremovedfromtheschoolfordeviatingfromtherules.Thankfully,hedidfinishatHarrowandhiserrorstheredidnotprecludehimfromgoingontotheuniversity.Heeventuallyhadapremierarmycareerwherebyhewaslaterelectedprimeminister.Heachievedfameforhiswit,wisdom,civicduty,andabundantcourageinhisrefusaltosurrenderduringthemiserabledarkdaysofWorldWarII.Hisamazingdeterminationhelpedmotivatehisentirenationandwasaninspirationworldwide.英國的偉大首相溫斯頓·丘吉爾爵士,小時(shí)候在哈羅公學(xué)上學(xué).當(dāng)時(shí)他可不是個(gè)好學(xué)生,要不是出身名門,他可能早就因?yàn)檫`反紀(jì)律被開除了.謝天謝地,他總算從哈羅畢業(yè)了,在那里犯下的錯(cuò)誤并沒影響到他上大學(xué).后來,他憑著軍旅生涯中的杰出表現(xiàn)當(dāng)選為英國首相.他的才思、智慧、公民責(zé)任感以及在二戰(zhàn)痛苦而黑暗的時(shí)期拒絕投降的無畏勇氣,為他贏得了美名.他非凡的決心,不僅激勵(lì)了整個(gè)民族,還鼓舞了全世界.2Towardtheendofhisperiodasprimeminister,hewasinvitedtoaddressthepatrioticyoungboysathisoldschool,Harrow.Theheadmastersaid,"Younggentlemen,thegreatestspeakerofourtime,willbehereinafewdaystoaddressyou,andyoushouldobeywhateversoundadvicehemaygiveyou."Thegreatdayarrived.SirWinstonstoodup,allfivefeet,fiveinchesand107kilosofhim,andgavethisshort,clear-cutspeech:"Youngmen,nevergiveup.Nevergiveup!Nevergiveup!Never,never,never,never!"在他首相任期即將結(jié)束時(shí),他應(yīng)邀前往母校哈羅公學(xué),為滿懷報(bào)國之志的同學(xué)們作演講.校長(zhǎng)說："年輕的先生們,當(dāng)代最偉大的演說家過幾天就會(huì)來為你們演講,他提出的任何中肯的建議,你們都要聽從."那個(gè)激動(dòng)人心的日子終于到了.溫斯頓爵士站了起來——他只有5英尺5英寸高,體重卻有107公斤.他作了言簡(jiǎn)意賅的講話："年輕人,要永不放棄.永不放棄！永不放棄！永不,永不,永不,永不！"3Personalhistory,educationalopportunity,individualdilemmas—noneofthesecaninhibitastrongspiritcommittedtosuccess.Notaskistoohard.Noamountofpreparationistoolongortoodifficult.Taketheexampleoftwoofthemostscholarlyscientistsofourage,AlbertEinsteinandThomasEdison.Bothfacedimmenseobstaclesandextremecriticism.Bothwerecalled"slowtolearn"andwrittenoffasidiotsbytheirteachers.ThomasEdisonranawayfromschoolbecausehisteacherwhippedhimrepeatedlyforaskingtoomanyquestions.Einsteindidn'tspeakfluentlyuntilhewasalmostnineyearsoldandwassuchapoorstudentthatsomethoughthewasunabletolearn.Yetbothboys'parentsbelievedinthem.Theyworkedintenselyeachdaywiththeirsons,andtheboyslearnedtoneverbypassthelonghoursofhardworkthattheyneededtosucceed.Intheend,bothEinsteinandEdisonovercametheirchildhoodpersecutionandwentontoachievemagnificentdiscoveriesthatbenefittheentireworldtoday.個(gè)人經(jīng)歷、教育機(jī)會(huì)、個(gè)人困境,這些都不能阻擋一個(gè)全力以赴追求成功的、有著堅(jiān)強(qiáng)意志的人.任務(wù)再苦,準(zhǔn)備再長(zhǎng),難度再大,都不能讓他放棄自己的追求.就以本時(shí)代最有學(xué)問的兩位科學(xué)家——阿爾伯特·愛因斯坦和托馬斯·愛迪生為例,他們都曾面臨巨大的障礙和極端的批評(píng),都曾被說成"不開竅",被老師當(dāng)成笨蛋而放棄.托馬斯·愛迪生還曾逃學(xué),因?yàn)槔蠋熛铀麊柕膯栴}太多而經(jīng)常鞭打他.愛因斯坦一直到將近9歲才能流利地說話,學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)太差,有些人認(rèn)為他都已經(jīng)學(xué)不好了.然而,這兩個(gè)男孩的父母都相信他們.他們堅(jiān)持不懈地每天和兒子一起努力,孩子們也了解到,要想成功,就絕不要怕付出長(zhǎng)期而艱辛的努力.最終,愛因斯坦和愛迪生都擺脫了童年的困擾,進(jìn)而作出了造福當(dāng)今全世界的偉大發(fā)現(xiàn).4ConsideralsotheheroicexampleofAbrahamLincoln,whofacedsubstantialhardships,failuresandrepeatedmisfortunesinhislifetime.Hisbackgroundwascertainlynotglamorous.Hewasraisedinaverypoorfamilywithonlyoneyearofformaleducation.Hefailedinbusinesstwice,sufferedanervousbreakdownwhenhisfirstlovediedsuddenlyandlosteightpoliticalelections.Laterinlife,hesufferedprofoundgriefoverthetragicdeathofthreeofhisfourchildren.Yethisstrongwillwasthespurthatpushedhimforward,strengtheninghisoptimism,dedicationanddetermination.Itintensifiedandfocusedhiseffortsandenabledhimtotriumphovertheoverwhelmingfailuresandprofounddifficultiesinhislife.Ahundredyearslater,peoplefromaroundtheworldcommendAbrahamLincolnasthegreatestAmericanpresidentofalltime.再如亞伯拉罕·林肯這個(gè)英雄的典范,他一生面臨了無數(shù)艱辛、失敗和接二連三的不幸.他的出身和經(jīng)歷真是一點(diǎn)也算不上光鮮.他在一個(gè)非常貧困的家庭長(zhǎng)大,只受過一年正規(guī)教育.經(jīng)商兩度失敗,初戀愛人的突然離世也使他精神崩潰,還在八次政治選舉中落馬.此后,他的四個(gè)孩子有三個(gè)不幸去世,令他悲痛欲絕.然而,堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的意志鞭策著他,推動(dòng)他前進(jìn),使他更加樂觀、投入、堅(jiān)毅.這讓他得以全力以赴,一次次戰(zhàn)勝生命中的巨大困難和挫折.一百年之后,世界各地的人們都贊頌亞伯拉罕·林肯,認(rèn)為他是有史以來最偉大的美國總統(tǒng).5JustlikeChurchillandLincoln,onlythosewho"keeptheireyesontheprize",thosewhoupholdacommittedandfocusedwillandspirit,willfindtheirendeavorssuccessful.Manyartists,statesmen,writersandinventorshavehadthesameexperience.Theyachievedprosperitybecausetheypossessedafiercewilltokeeppreparingandworkingandapassiontosucceed.Theyattainedsuccess,notbecauseitwaseasy,butbecausetheyhadthewilltoovercomeprofoundobstaclesandtoworkdiligentlyinthepursuitoftheirgoals.與丘吉爾和林肯一樣,只有那些"執(zhí)著地追求成功"的人,那些保持始終如一的精神意志的人,才會(huì)通過自身的努力,獲得成功.許多藝術(shù)家、政治家、作家和發(fā)明家都有同樣的經(jīng)歷.他們之所以能取得這樣的成就,是因?yàn)樗麄儞碛袕?qiáng)烈的意愿,不懈地準(zhǔn)備、奮斗,并保持對(duì)成功的激情.他們?nèi)〉昧顺晒?并不是因?yàn)槌晒苋菀?而是因?yàn)樗麄儞碛锌朔刂卣系K的意志,為了追求目標(biāo)而勤奮努力.6Aftergrowinguponacattleranchwithoutrunningwaterorelectricity,SandraDayO'Connorfoughttoachievethebesteducationpossible.Consistentlygraduatingatthetopofherclass,sheworkedherwayintoStanfordLawSchool,whereshegraduatedwithhonors.Butdespiteallofherhardwork,SandraDayO'Connorwasstillawomaninthe1950s.EvenwiththeprestigeofherdegreefromStanford,shewasrejectedfromtheentirelawcircuitasfirmspreferredtohirelessqualifiedmenratherthanriskhiringafemalelawyer,whichwasunprecedented.YetSandraDayO'Connorrefusedtogiveuponherdreams.ThroughsheerpersistenceshewaseventuallynominatedandthenappointedthefirstwomanSupremeCourtJusticeoftheUnitedStatesofAmerica.There,sheactedasacrucialvoteonissueslikeabortionandwomen'srights.桑德拉·戴·奧康納成長(zhǎng)于既沒自來水也沒電的養(yǎng)牛場(chǎng),她努力學(xué)習(xí)以使自己接受到最好的教育.她的學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)?cè)诎嗌鲜冀K名列前茅,一路奮斗終于進(jìn)入了斯坦福大學(xué)法學(xué)院,并以優(yōu)異的成績(jī)從法學(xué)院畢業(yè).盡管奧康納勤奮刻苦,但在20世紀(jì)50年代,她仍然受到女人身份的制約.即使斯坦福大學(xué)的學(xué)位有良好的聲譽(yù),她仍被整個(gè)法律界拒之門外,因?yàn)槭聞?wù)所寧愿聘請(qǐng)才干稍遜的男性,也不愿冒險(xiǎn)破例雇傭一位女律師.然而,桑德拉·戴·奧康納并未放棄夢(mèng)想.她執(zhí)著地堅(jiān)持下去,終于得到提名并被任命為美國第一位女性最高法院大法官.她任職期間,對(duì)很多問題,例如墮胎和婦女權(quán)利,都起到了極為關(guān)鍵的作用.7Manypeoplesimplysaythattheywantsomething,buttheydonotexpendthesubstantialeffortrequiredtoachieveit.Manypeopleletthethreatoffailurestopthemfromtryingwithalloftheirheart.Thesecretofsuccessisbaseduponaburninginwarddesire—arobust,fiercewillandfocus—thatfuelsthedeterminationtoact,tokeeppreparing,tokeepgoingevenwhenwearetiredandfail.Asawisesayinggoes:"It'snothowmanytimesyoufalldownthatmatters.It'showmanytimesyougetbackupthatmakessuccess!"很多人只是嘴上說他們想要什么東西,但并不真正地付出大量努力去實(shí)現(xiàn).很多人因?yàn)楹ε率《桓胰膰L試.而成功的秘訣在于內(nèi)心燃燒的欲望——一種堅(jiān)定不移的意志和專注力——從而激發(fā)行動(dòng)的決心,即使疲憊,即使失敗,也會(huì)繼續(xù)準(zhǔn)備,繼續(xù)前進(jìn).正如一句箴言所說："你摔倒了多少次并不要緊；你能多少次重新站起來對(duì)成功才至關(guān)重要！"8Focusonbecomingmoreknowledgeable.Focusongradual,consistentprogress.Maintainthestrongwilltokeepgoing—evenwhenyouaretiredandwanttoslackortheoddsseemtoolarge."Keepyoureyesontheprize!""Wherethere'sawill,there'saway!"Withhardwork,determination,dedicationandpreparation,youcantranscendanyhandicap,accomplishanyfeat,andachievesuccess!專注于汲取更多的知識(shí),爭(zhēng)取持之以恒地漸進(jìn),保持永不言退的堅(jiān)強(qiáng)意志——即使在你疲憊想要松懈的時(shí)候,或者困難重重之時(shí)."執(zhí)著地追求成功！""有志者,事竟成！"只要刻苦努力,意志堅(jiān)決,專心投入,準(zhǔn)備充分,你就能跨越一切障礙,完成所有壯舉,取得成功！Swimmingthroughfear游越恐懼1IwasonatourofFrancewithmyfriendswhenourcarpulledtoastopatthebeachandwesawtheMediterraneanSea.Massivewavessurgedagainstlargerocksthatformedawaterproofjetty.Peoplesaidthisbeachwasknownforitsnotoriousripcurrents.Ishiveredwithfear.Nothingscaredmeasmuchaswater.當(dāng)時(shí)我和朋友正在法國旅行,我們把汽車停在海灘,眼前就是地中海.巨浪翻滾擊打著構(gòu)筑起防波堤的偌大巖石.人們說這里的海灘以其可怕的裂流而著稱.恐懼讓我不寒而栗.沒有什么比水讓我更害怕了.2Justthesightoftheseamademesicktomystomach.只是看到了海就已經(jīng)讓我覺得反胃.3I'dalwayslovedwaterandbeenagoodswimmeruntillastsummer,whenI'ddecidedtoclimbuptothehighestdivingboardatthepool.I'dhoppedfromthatheightandhitthewaterwithanincredibleimpact.TheairwasoustedfrommylungsandIblackedout.ThenextthingIknew,mybrotherwaspullingmyfeeblebodyoutofthepool.Fromthenon,myfearwouldn'trecede;Iwasabsolutelyterrifiedofwater.我曾經(jīng)一直都是喜歡水的,并且直到去年夏天我都還是一名游泳好手.那時(shí),我決定爬上游泳池邊上最高的跳板來跳水.我從那么高的地方跳下,重重地撞擊到水面上.我肺里的空氣一下子全被擠出去了,馬上不省人事.醒來時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)哥哥正把我虛弱的身體從游泳池里拖出來.從那時(shí)起,我對(duì)水的恐懼就沒有消退過,我怕極了水.4"Jason,areyoucoming?"myfriend,Matt,called."賈森,你要過來嗎？"我的朋友馬特朝我喊道.5"Yeah,"Isaid."Justenjoyingtheview,"fromdryland,Iaddedsilently,worriedtheymightdeemmyfearpatheticiftheyknew.我說："好,就是欣賞一下景色",又在心里默默加了一句——在岸上欣賞.擔(dān)心如果他們知道我害怕水而可憐我.6SuddenlyIheardshoutinginFrench.Amobofpeoplewererunningintothesea,fullyclothed.That'sodd,Ithought.突然,我聽到有人用法語喊叫.接著看見一群人沒脫衣服,就沖到海里.我心想,這真是太奇怪了.7Iglimpsedsomethingmovingupanddownamidthewaves,pasttheendofthejetty.Igasped,realizingthecatastrophewithhorror.That'salittleboyoutthere!Thewould-berescuersfoughtagainstthetide,butthesituationwasbleak.Withthewater'stow,they'dnevergettohimintime.我瞥見防波堤盡頭的海浪中有個(gè)東西在上下浮動(dòng).我驚恐地意識(shí)到大事不妙,倒吸了一口涼氣,那居然是個(gè)小男孩！前去救落水男童的人們搏擊著海浪,但情況卻不樂觀.由于水的拉拽,他們根本不可能及時(shí)游到小男孩身邊.8Ilookedbackattheboy.Hisheadpoppedup,thenawavecrashedoverhimandhedisappearedforamoment;Ihadtointervene.我扭頭看看那小男孩.他的頭剛露出水面,然后一個(gè)浪頭打過來,好一陣不見蹤影——我不得不做點(diǎn)什么了.9Iappraisedthesituationandrealized—thejetty!Theboywasclosetoit;maybeIcouldhelpfromthere.Iraceddownthebeach,outontothejetty,andithitme:Water!Mypalmsgotsweatyandmystomachfeltsick,symptomsofmyfear.Istoppedshort.我估計(jì)了當(dāng)下的情形后注意到了——對(duì),那防波堤！小男孩靠近那個(gè)地方,也許我可以從那兒幫忙.我沖下海灘,跑上防波堤,但突然我想起了什么——水！頓時(shí)有了恐懼的癥狀：我手心冒汗,胃里感覺不適.我一下子停下來.10Thepeopleinthewaterhadunderestimatedthewavesandweren'tmakinganyprogress.Iwastheonlyonewhosawthatgoingoutonthejettywasthefastestwaytoreachthedrowningboy.Yetinthemidstofthistragedy,Iwasextremelyterrified.ItriedtorememberthelifeguardtrainingI'dhadasateenager.水里的那些人低估了海浪的威力,救援工作沒有任何進(jìn)展.只有我注意到了跑到防波堤上是到達(dá)溺水男童的最快的路徑.然而在此性命攸關(guān)之際,我極度恐慌.我努力去回想十幾歲時(shí)所接受的救生員訓(xùn)練.11Iwasparalyzedwithfear,butIforcedmyselftomoveforwardwiththisimprompturescue.Idon'twantthis.SurelysomeoneelsecansavehimbeforeIhaveto.我因恐懼而全身癱軟,但我強(qiáng)迫自己向前移動(dòng),展開這場(chǎng)突發(fā)的救援行動(dòng).我不想做這些,在我施救之前肯定會(huì)有別人救他吧.12Attheridgeofthejetty,Iwhirledaround,convincedI'dseeanathleticswimmerplowingthroughtheroughwatertowardtheboy.Tomydismay,noonewasthere.Iturnedbackouttotheseatoseetheboybatteredbyviciouswavesabout25yardsawayfromme.Suckinginadeepbreath,Ithrewmyselfintothewater.AssoonasIjumpedin,IfeltlikeIwasbackinthatpool,breathless,struggling,terrified.Saltstungmyeyes.Focus,Ishoutedinmyhead.Whereishe?我在防波堤的邊上迅速轉(zhuǎn)過身來,深信會(huì)看見某個(gè)游泳健將正向著小男孩劈波斬浪.但是讓我沮喪的是,一個(gè)人也沒有.我回身面向大海,看見25碼開外惡浪擊打著小男孩.我深吸一口氣,縱身躍入水中.一跳進(jìn)水里,我感覺仿佛又回到了當(dāng)年的那個(gè)游泳池,我喘不過氣,拼命掙扎,驚恐萬分.咸水刺痛了我的雙眼."集中注意力,"我在心里喊道."他在哪里？"13Then,withclarity,Isawathinarmwavingweaklyafewyardsaway.Iswamwithallmystrength,reachingtheboyjustashesankbelowthesurface.Igrabbedhisarmandpulled.Hepoppedbackup,eyeswidewithterror,pawingandtwistingagainstme."Repose<Calmdown>!"IcommandedtheboyinFrench.Hisstrugglingwouldderailanyrescueattempt,andwe'dbothperish."Repose!"Icommandedagain.Thankfully,thistimehelistened,andwasstill.然后我清楚地看到一只細(xì)小的手臂在離我?guī)状a處微弱地?fù)]動(dòng)著.我拼盡全力游過去,在他剛要沒水之時(shí)趕到了.我抓住他的手臂拉他.他冒出水面,眼睛因恐懼瞪得很大,胡亂抓扯著我.我用法語命令他："別慌！"他這樣掙扎會(huì)阻礙救援,那我們倆就都死定了.我再次命令他："別慌！"謝天謝地,這次他聽話了,不動(dòng)了.14WhenIturnedbacktowardshoreawavepoundedoverus.Thejettywasfurtheraway!Theripcurrent!Itwasforciblydraggingusouttothesea.Ifoughttogetusbacktoland,butmadelittleprogress.IknewI'dneverbeabletoescorthimbacklikethis.當(dāng)我轉(zhuǎn)身朝岸邊游去的時(shí)候,一個(gè)浪劈頭蓋臉打來.我們離防波堤更遠(yuǎn)了！是裂流！它強(qiáng)行把我們拽往大海深處.我掙扎著想帶他游回岸上,但進(jìn)展甚微.我知道這種游法根本沒法護(hù)著他返回岸邊.15Desperatetosurvive,IrememberedwhatI'dlearnedinmylifesavingclass:Never,everswimagainsttheripcurrent!Swimsidewaystothepullofthecurrentandslowlymakeyourwaybacktowardshore.Itwasanodd-lookingbutpracticablesolution.Swimsidewaysandfloattorest.Swimsidewaysandfloattorest.Wedidthatoverandover.Weslowlymadeourwaytosafety."Jason,youcandoit!"IheardMattsayashestoodonthejetty.Ihadn'tevennoticedhowclosewewere,onlyaboutsevenfeetlefttogo.強(qiáng)烈求生欲望之下,我想起了在救生課上所學(xué)到的知識(shí)：永遠(yuǎn)不要與裂流相對(duì)而游！要順其方向朝側(cè)邊游,慢慢地靠向岸邊.這個(gè)辦法盡管看上去很荒謬,但卻管用.朝側(cè)邊游,浮起休息.朝側(cè)邊游,浮起休息.我們重復(fù)著這個(gè)方法,慢慢地游到了安全區(qū)."賈森,你能行的！"我聽到站在防波堤上的馬特對(duì)我說.我甚至沒有注意到我們離防波堤這么的近,只剩下大約7英尺的距離了.16And,aswemadeourwaytosafetyIrealizedsomethingincredible:Iwasnolongerafraid.Thatabsenceoffearwasamomentoftriumph!后來我們到達(dá)安全水域時(shí),我覺得有些不可思議：我不再怕水了.恐懼沒了,這一刻我勝利了！17Mattjumpedintothewater.Itossedtheboytohim.JustasIletgo,abigwavepickedhimupandcarriedhimallthewaytoMatt.馬特跳進(jìn)水里.我把男孩拋給他.我剛一松手,一個(gè)大浪托起他直接把他送到了馬特身邊.18Onthebrinkofcollapse,Istoppedfighting,justlettingmyselfgo.Myhandhitthejetty.Itwaslikeanelectricshockthatbroughtmebacktomysenses.Someonegrabbedforme.我全身都快虛脫了,我不再劃水,就這樣放松自己順?biāo)?我的手碰上了防波堤,仿佛觸電一般,我重新恢復(fù)了神志.有人抓住了我.19Ifeltstrongarmsliftme.Iascendednotonlyfromtheseaontothesecurerocksofthejetty—butalsotomysalvation,leavingbehindtheterriblefearthathadgrippedmeforsolong.Iturnedmyheadandsawtheboywashuggedtightlybyhismother.Ilookedouttothesea.WearyasIwas,thewaterhadneverlookedsobeautiful.我感覺到強(qiáng)壯有力的手臂將我托起.我不僅從海里爬上防波堤的磐石,而且完成了自我拯救,擺脫了困擾已久的恐懼.我扭過頭看見小男孩被母親緊緊擁入懷中.雖已疲憊不堪,但放眼大海,我感覺海水比任何時(shí)候看起來都更美.AudreyHepburn—Atrueangelinthisworld奧黛麗·赫本——人間天使1AudreyHepburnthrilledaudienceswithstarringrolesinnoteworthyfilmslikeBreakfastatTiffany's,Sabrina,RomanHoliday,MyFairLady,WarandPeace,andAlways.奧黛麗·赫本在《蒂凡尼的早餐》、《龍鳳配》、《羅馬假日》、《窈窕淑女》、《戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)與和平》和《直到永遠(yuǎn)》等出色電影中主演的許多角色讓觀眾為之陶醉.2Despitehersuccessinthefilmdomain,therolesshemostpreferredportrayingwerenotinmovies.ShewasanexemplarymothertohertwosonsandaUNICEF<theUnitedNationsInternationalChildren'sEmergencyFund>AmbassadorofGoodwillservingvictimsinwar-torncountries.盡管在電影界獲得成功,但她最愿意塑造的角色卻并不在影片中,而是做兩個(gè)兒子的模范母親和聯(lián)合國兒童基金會(huì)親善大使,為飽受戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)蹂躪的人們服務(wù).3AsayounggirlduringtheNazioccupationofhernativeHolland,AudreyHepburnwasawareofthebrutality,death,anddestructionofwar.Shewashungryandmalnourished,asherfamilywasbankruptedasaresultoftheinvasion.Audrey'sfatherabandonedthefamily,andtwoofherunclesweretakencaptiveandkilled.AudreywasgrabbedoffthestreetbyNazisandplacedinlinetobesenttoaworkcamp.Whentheguardsglancedawayshedartedoff,barelyescaping,andhuddledinacold,foulbasementfullofrats.作為一名在納粹占領(lǐng)下的祖國荷蘭生活的小女孩,奧黛麗·赫本清楚戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)所帶來的野蠻、死亡和破壞.由于受到侵略,家庭破產(chǎn),奧黛麗經(jīng)常食不果腹,營養(yǎng)不良.她的父親拋棄了家庭,兩個(gè)舅舅也被俘,并且慘遭殺害.奧黛麗被納粹分子從大街上抓走,與準(zhǔn)備被押往勞役營的人放在一起.趁衛(wèi)兵不注意,她飛快地跑開,驚險(xiǎn)逃脫了,蜷縮著躲在一個(gè)滿是耗子、又冷又臟的地下室里.4Thelittlegirlwhowouldbecometheworld'smostmagicalactressbeganasananonymousrefugeeconfrontinglife'shorrorsandfragilityfirsthand.Butsherefusedtoallowherspirittobeafflictedbythedesperaterealityofheryounglife.Instead,shetranscendedthosechallengesbutneverforgotwhatitfeltliketosuffer,tobehungry,aloneandhelpless.這個(gè)日后將成為世界上最具魅力女星的小女孩剛開始只是一個(gè)無名難民,直面生命中的恐懼和脆弱.不過她并沒有讓自己的精神受到幼年生活中殘酷現(xiàn)實(shí)的影響.相反,她克服了種種挑戰(zhàn),而又從沒忘記那種受苦挨餓、孤立無助的感覺.5Afterthewar,AudreyandhermotherleftHolland,arrivinginLondonaspoorimmigrants.Herdreamofbecomingaprimedancerdroveherintoarigorousscheduleatafamousballetschool.Later,shewasspottedbyaproducerandeventuallylandedaroleinthefilmRomanHolidaystarringGregoryPeck,oneofHollywood'stopleadingmen.戰(zhàn)后,奧黛麗和母親離開荷蘭,到達(dá)倫敦,成了貧窮的移民.奧黛麗夢(mèng)想成為一名一流的舞蹈家,這驅(qū)使她去了一所著名的芭蕾舞學(xué)校,接受嚴(yán)苛的訓(xùn)練安排.后來,她被一位制片人發(fā)現(xiàn),并最終得到機(jī)會(huì),在好萊塢頂級(jí)男演員格列高利·派克主演的電影《羅馬假日》中飾演一角.6Soon,Audreywastransformedfromamalnourishedimmigranttoaninternationallyfamousmoviestar.DirectorBillyWildercomplimentedher,saying,"Audreywalkedbeautifully,shespokebeautifully."AlthoughshewonmanyAcademyAwardsandotherhonorsforacting,Audreyfeltthathermostsignificantworkwashumanitarianworkwiththoseinneed,andasthemothertohertwosons.Shesufferedthroughtwodivorcesandfromhermemoriesofthewar.Yet,Audreyneverlethersadnessovercomeherorjeopardizeherhopeforabrighterfuture.Audreyfinallymethersoulmate,RobertWolders,andspentthelast12yearsofherlifewithhim.很快,奧黛麗就從營養(yǎng)不良的移民變成了國際知名的影星.導(dǎo)演比利·懷爾德稱贊她說："奧黛麗行姿優(yōu)美,言談優(yōu)雅."盡管她數(shù)度獲得奧斯卡金像獎(jiǎng)和其他演藝榮譽(yù),奧黛麗覺得自己最重要的工作還是為那些需要幫助的人開展人道主義服務(wù),以及當(dāng)好兩個(gè)兒子的母親.她經(jīng)歷了兩次離婚,并忍受著戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)記憶帶給她的悲傷,然而,奧黛麗從不讓這些悲傷支配自己,或者影響自己對(duì)美好未來的向往.最后,奧黛麗遇到了她的靈魂伴侶,羅伯特·沃爾德斯,并和他一起度過了人生的最后12年.7BecomingfamousneverchangedAudrey'sgenerousandcompassionatecharacter.Shefeltadeepsenseofresponsibilitytoalleviatesufferingofthoseinneed,especiallychildren.FriendssaidAudreyhadacompletelackofegoandacceptedandappreciatedothersastheywere.成名從沒改變奧黛麗慷慨大方、慈悲為懷的性格.她懷有一種強(qiáng)烈的責(zé)任感,要減輕生活困難的人——特別是兒童——的痛苦.朋友們說,奧黛麗一點(diǎn)都不自我,并且接受和欣賞別人的一切.8Thoughshebecameverywealthy,sheownedonlyonehomeinSwitzerland.ForAudreyitwasaparadisewhereshecouldhidefromtheworldwithherbelovedfamily,workinhergardenandtakelongwalksinnature.盡管她十分富有,但奧黛麗只有一套住房,在瑞士.對(duì)奧黛麗而言,它是一個(gè)天堂.在那里她可以和心愛的家人一起避開塵世,在花園勞作,在大自然里悠然散步.9In1988,AudreywasappointedaGoodwillAmbassadorforUNICEFdesignedtoprovideemergencyfoodandhealthcaretochildrensufferingthedestructionofwarorothercatastrophes.Inthatrole,herlifelongpassionforhelpingthoseinneed,founditsgreatestcalling.1988年,奧黛麗被任命為聯(lián)合國兒童基金會(huì)親善大使,這個(gè)基金會(huì)專門為受到戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)或其他大災(zāi)難傷害的兒童提供緊急食品援助和衛(wèi)生保健.親善大使這個(gè)角色讓她畢生幫助有困難的人的熱情化為了神圣的使命.10SheturneddownthreemilliondollarstopenherautobiographyandinsteadacceptedonedollarayearinthemoreconscientiousroleasdiplomatforUNICEF.Forsevenmonthsoutofeachofherlastfiveyears,sheandRobbyleftthepeaceandbeautyintheircozyhometoembarkonoutreachtripsintosomeofthemostdifficultplacesonearth.FromBangladesh,Sudan,India,Vietnam,Kenya,Ethiopia,CentralandSouthAmerica,toSomalia,AudreyHepburntraveledrepresentingUNICEF,makingover50emotionallydrainingandphysicallydangerousmissionsintobleakdestinationstoraiseworldawarenessofwarsanddroughts.Havingbeenavictimofwar,sheunderstoodtheblessingofbeingthebeneficiaryoffood,clothing,and,mostofall,hope.別人出三百萬美金請(qǐng)她寫自傳,她拒絕了.但她卻接受了每年一美元的聯(lián)合國兒童基金會(huì)大使這個(gè)更需責(zé)任心的角色.在生命的最后五年里,每年她和羅比都有七個(gè)月離開他們溫馨居所的靜謐和美麗,啟程外出到地球上最困難的一些地方去.從孟加拉國、蘇丹、印度、越南、肯尼亞、埃塞俄比亞、中南美洲到索馬里,奧黛麗·赫本代表聯(lián)合國兒童基金會(huì)四處奔走,承擔(dān)了五十多項(xiàng)勞心勞力、危及生命安全的任務(wù),深入到荒涼之地,喚起世界人民對(duì)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)和旱災(zāi)的關(guān)注.因?yàn)樽约涸?jīng)也是戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)受害者,她理解得到食品和衣物的援助,尤其是獲得希望,是多大的幸福.11Audreyfeltitwaswickedthatbillionsofchildrenweredeprivedofsimplejoysanddrownedinoverwhelmingmisery.Shebelieveddeeplyintheideologythatallpeopleshareinthedutytocareforthoseinneed.AudreyHepburnwasalwaysreadytoleadbyexample.Shesaid:"Whenyoudenychildhood,youdenylife."ShesawUNICEF'sworkasanintegral,sacredforceinpeople'slivesandsaidofUNICEF'sresults,"Anyonewhodoesn'tbelieveinmiraclesisnotarealist."奧黛麗覺得,太多的兒童被剝奪了簡(jiǎn)單的快樂而陷入無邊的痛苦之中,這是一種罪惡.她堅(jiān)信一個(gè)理念：所有人都有責(zé)任去關(guān)心那些需要幫助的人.奧黛麗·赫本始終都身為表率.她說："當(dāng)你放棄童年,你就放棄了生命."她將聯(lián)合國兒童基金會(huì)的工作看作人們生活中不可分割、神圣的力量,談到其成果時(shí)她說："任何不相信奇跡的人都不是一個(gè)現(xiàn)實(shí)主義者."12In1992,Audreywasstrickenbycancer.She,RobbyandhertwosonsreturnedtotheirhomeinSwitzerlandfortheirlastChristmastogether.1992年,奧黛麗患了癌癥.她和羅比、兩個(gè)兒子回到他們?cè)谌鹗康募?一起度過了最后一個(gè)圣誕節(jié).13Audrey'slong-timefriendandworld-famousFrenchfashiondesigner,HubertdeGivenchy,spoketohischerishedfriendforthelasttime,justbeforeshedied.Hesaidshewas"...sereneattheendbecausesheknewshehadachievedeverythingwithperfection".奧黛麗的老朋友、世界著名的法國時(shí)裝設(shè)計(jì)師于貝爾·德·紀(jì)梵希在她去世前,最后一次和他的摯友說話.他說她"……最后是安詳?shù)?因?yàn)樗浪呀?jīng)完美地實(shí)現(xiàn)了一切".14AudreyHepburn'spassionforservicewasenduring.Evenasherlifeendedat63yearsofage,sheremainedagraciouswomanwhoperpetuallysignifiedsimplicity,charity,charmandkindness.奧黛麗·赫本對(duì)服務(wù)的熱情是持久的.即使在她63歲生命終止的時(shí)候,她仍然充滿著關(guān)愛,永遠(yuǎn)象征著純樸、仁愛、魅力和善良.15ThemajestyofAudreyHepburn'sspiritofsocialresponsibilityanddedicationlivesoninherwords:"Remember,ifyoueverneedahelpinghand,it'sattheendofyourarm.Asyougetolder,rememberyouhaveanotherhand:Thefirstistohelpyourself,thesecondistohelpothers."And"Forbeautifuleyes,lookforthegoodinothers;forbeautifullips,speakonlywordsofkindness;andforpoise,walkwiththeknowledgethatyouareneveralone."奧黛麗的社會(huì)責(zé)任感和奉獻(xiàn)的偉大精神在她的話語中得以傳揚(yáng)："記住,如果你在任何時(shí)候需要一只手來幫助你,你可以在自己手臂的末端找到它.隨著你的成長(zhǎng),記住你還有一只手,一只用來幫助自己,另一只用來幫助別人.""要想有美麗雙眸,就要善于發(fā)現(xiàn)他人優(yōu)點(diǎn)；要想雙唇動(dòng)人,只說和善之辭；要想鎮(zhèn)定自信,謹(jǐn)記自己始終與大家同行."1It's4:15inthemorning,andmyalarmclockhasjuststolenawayalovelydream.IalmostreturnbacktosleepbeforemyeyecatchesmypackedsuitcaseandIgroan,rememberingthatI'mgoingtotheairport.Thetaxiislateandthenlost,andI'mgettingincreasinglynervousthatI'llmissmyflight.Iruninwhenwearrive,staggerthroughsecurityandfinallygettomygate.Afterallthetroubleofthismorning,myflightiscanceledandI'mstuckinthisterminalforthenext218minutes,andmyonlyconsolationisacupofcomplimentaryairportcoffee.Thisistraveling,aburdensomeseriesofrunningandwaiting,andaftercountlesshours,finallygettingthere.早晨四點(diǎn)一刻,鬧鐘把我從美夢(mèng)中驚醒,要不是突然看見早已收拾好的行李箱,我?guī)缀跤忠?想起來還要去機(jī)場(chǎng),我嘆了口氣.出租車來晚了,并且在途中迷了路,我越來越擔(dān)心會(huì)趕不上飛機(jī).出租車一到機(jī)場(chǎng)我就沖進(jìn)去,跌跌撞撞通過安檢處,終于,我來到了登機(jī)口.經(jīng)歷這一早所有的麻煩事,我乘坐的航班卻被取消了.在接下來的218分鐘里,我被困在了機(jī)場(chǎng),唯一覺得安慰的是機(jī)場(chǎng)提供的一杯免費(fèi)咖啡.這就是旅行,讓人心煩的跑跑停停.最終,在不知經(jīng)過多少小時(shí)之后,終于到達(dá)要去的地方.2Whydowetravel?Idon'tmindtheactualflying,thewonderofbeingairborneinadensemetalbird.Therestofthejourney,however,canfeellikeatediouslessonintheillsofmodernity,fromthepredawnx-rayscreeningtothesadairportmallssellingclustersofkeepsakes.It'stheresultofaglobalizedworld,anditsucks.我們?yōu)槭裁匆眯?？其?shí),我并不介意飛行本身,在這樣一個(gè)密實(shí)的金屬大鳥中飛行,讓我感到很奇妙.然而,旅程其余的部分,從一大早X光檢查到出售大堆紀(jì)念品的糟糕的機(jī)場(chǎng)商場(chǎng),感覺就像是關(guān)于現(xiàn)代社會(huì)弊病的乏味課程.這是全球化的結(jié)果,它糟糕透了.3Sometimes,ofcourse,wetravelbecauseweneedto.Becauseinthisdigitalage,thereisstillsomethingimportantaboutthehandshakeatabusinessluncheon.Oreatingmom'sspecialfoodonThanksgiving.Orseeingyourgirlfriendonyour2-yearanniversary.當(dāng)然,有時(shí)候我們旅行是因?yàn)槲覀冃枰ヂ眯?因?yàn)榧词乖谶@個(gè)數(shù)字化時(shí)代,我們?nèi)匀挥幸恍┖苤匾氖虑橐プ?比如在商務(wù)午餐中與生意伙伴握手,或是在感恩節(jié)這天吃上媽媽特別準(zhǔn)備的食物,或是在你和你女朋友的兩周年紀(jì)念日這天去看她.4Butmosttravelisdecidedlyoptional.Onlycorporatetravel,about30%oftripsover50miles,istrulycompulsory.Instead,wetravelbecausewewantto,becausetheannoyancesoftheairportareoffsetbythethrillofbeingsomeplacenew.Becauseworkisstressfulandourbloodpressureistoohighandweneedavacationsomewheretropical.Becausehomeisboring.Becausetheflightsareonsale.BecauseParisisParis.但是大多數(shù)旅行是可去可不去的,在超過50英里的旅行中,只有30%屬于真正必需的商務(wù)旅行.我們旅行是因?yàn)槲覀兿胍ヂ眯?因?yàn)榈揭粋€(gè)新地方的興奮和激動(dòng)可以抵消在機(jī)場(chǎng)的各種煩心事；因?yàn)楣ぷ鲏毫μ?我們的血壓太高,我們要去熱帶地區(qū)度假；因?yàn)樵诩覍?shí)在太無聊；因?yàn)楹桨喽荚诖蛘?；因?yàn)榘屠璁吘故前屠?5Thankstomodernaviation,wecannowmovethroughspaceataninhumanspeed.Forthefirsttimeinhumanhistory,wecanoutrunthesunandmovefromonehemispheretoanotherinasingleday.Ofcourse,it'snotenoughtosimplygetonaplane.Ifwewanttorealizethecreativebenefitsoftravel,thenwehavetore-thinkitsoverallpurpose.Mostpeople,afterall,escapetoParissotheydon'thavetothinkaboutthosetroublestheyleftbehind.Buthere'stheirony:OurmindismostlikelytosolveourmoststubbornproblemswhilewearesittinginluxuryinaLeftBankcafé.So,insteadofcontemplatingthatbutterydessert,weshouldbeconsciousofthosedomesticissueswejustcan'tsolve.多虧了現(xiàn)代航空技術(shù),我們現(xiàn)在可以以非凡的速度在空中穿梭.在人類歷史中,這是我們第一次超過太陽——在短短一天中從一個(gè)半球到達(dá)另一個(gè)半球.當(dāng)然,僅僅往飛機(jī)上一坐是不夠的.我們要想認(rèn)識(shí)到旅行在提高創(chuàng)新力方面的價(jià)值,還得再全面考慮其目的.畢竟,大多數(shù)人逃到巴黎,是因?yàn)檫@樣他們就可以不必考慮家里的那些煩心事.但是,具有諷刺意味的是,當(dāng)我們坐在豪華的左岸咖啡館時(shí),我們的腦子極有可能能解決那些最棘手的問題.因此,我們應(yīng)該考慮那些在家里解決不了的問題,而不是琢磨那些奶油甜點(diǎn).6Thelargerlesson,though,isthatourthoughtsaresaturatedwiththefamiliar.Thebrainisaspaceofnearinfinitepossibility,whichmeansthatitspendsalotoftimeandenergychoosingwhatnottonotice.Asaresult,creativityistradedawayforefficiency;wethinkinfinite,literalprose,notsymbolicverse.Abitofdistance,however,helpsloosenthecognitivechainsthatimprisonus,makingiteasiertominglethenewwiththeold;themundaneisgraspedfromaslightlymoreabstractperspective.Accordingtoresearch,theexperienceofanexoticcultureendowsuswithavaluableopen-mindedness,makingiteasiertorealizethatevenatrivialthingcanhavemultiplemeanings.Considertheactofleavingfoodontheplate:InChina,thisisoftenseenasacompliment,asignalthatthehosthasprovidedenoughtoeat.ButinAmericathesameactisasubtleinsult,anindicationthatthefoodwasn'tgoodenoughtofinish.但更應(yīng)該知道的是我們的思想被熟悉的東西所充滿.大腦是一個(gè)幾乎具有無限可能性的空間,這就意味著它花了大量的時(shí)間和精力選擇不去注意什么.因此,我們犧牲創(chuàng)造力來換取效率.我們以字義明確的散文方式思考,而非以具有象征意義的詩歌方式思考.然而,一點(diǎn)的距離就可以幫助我們放松禁錮我們認(rèn)知的鏈條,使新舊思想的結(jié)合更容易,對(duì)平淡無奇的事情可從更抽象的角度加以認(rèn)知.有研究指出,體驗(yàn)異國文化可以賦予我們寶貴的開放性思維,使我們更容易明白即使是微不足道的事物也可以有多種意義.想一想把食物剩在盤子里這個(gè)行為:在中國,這通常被看成是一種贊美,說明主人提供了足夠的食物.但是在美國,同樣的行為卻暗含侮辱,表明食物不夠好,人們不愿意吃完.7Suchmulticulturalcontrastsmeanthatseasonedtravelersareopentoambiguity,willingtorealizethattherearedecidedlydifferent<andequallyvalid>waysofinterpretingtheworld.This,inturn,allowsthemtoexpandthecircumferenceoftheir"cognitiveinputs"astheyrefusetosettlefortheirfirstanswersandinitialguesses.這種多元文化對(duì)比說明,經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的旅行者會(huì)接受對(duì)事物的多樣性解讀,他們欣然認(rèn)識(shí)到對(duì)這個(gè)世界可以有截然不同〔但卻同樣有效的方式進(jìn)行解釋.這也從而讓他們擴(kuò)大了"認(rèn)知輸入"的范圍,因?yàn)樗麄兙芙^僅僅滿足于他們的最初答案和先前的猜測(cè).8Ofcourse,thismentalflexibilitydoesn'tcomefrommeredistance,asimplechangeinlatitudeandlongitude.Instead,thisrenaissanceofcreativityappearstobeasideeffectofdifference:Weneedtochangecultures,toexperiencethedisorientingdiversityofhumantraditions.Thesamefacetsofforeigntravelthataresoconfusing<DoItipthewaiter?Whereisthistraintakingme?>turnouttohavealastingimpact,makingusmorecreativebecausewe'relessinsular.We'reremindedofallthatwedon'tknow,whichisnearlyeverything;we'resurprisedbytheconstantstreamofsurprises.Eveninthisglobalizedage,wecanstillbeamazedatalltheearthlythingsthatweren'tincludedintheLet'sGoguidebookandthatcertainlydon'texistbackhome.當(dāng)然,這種思維的靈活性不僅僅來自純粹的距離變化,即簡(jiǎn)單的經(jīng)緯度的變化.相反,這種創(chuàng)造力的復(fù)興似乎是差異所帶來的副產(chǎn)品:我們需要處于不同的文化中,體驗(yàn)人類傳統(tǒng)中紛繁復(fù)雜的多樣性.在國外旅行中讓人迷惑的同一個(gè)方面的問題〔如我該給服務(wù)生小費(fèi)嗎？火車要把我?guī)У侥睦铮?gt;,產(chǎn)生了一種持久的影響,使我們更加具有創(chuàng)造性,因?yàn)槲覀儾辉倌敲匆曇蔼M隘了.我們了解了我們不知道的東西,而這些東西幾乎涵蓋了一切；我們對(duì)接連不斷的驚喜感到驚奇.即使在這個(gè)全球化的時(shí)代,我們?nèi)匀粫?huì)對(duì)所有未包括在《旅行指南》中的、平常的東西感到驚奇,而這些東西在自己家中也不存在.9So,let'snotpretendthattraveldoesn'thaveitsdrawbacks,orthatweendurejetlagforpleasure.Wedon'tspend10hourslostintheLouvrebecausewelikeit,andtheviewfromthetopofMachuPicchuprobablydoesn'tmakeupforthetroubleoflostluggage.<Moreoftenthannot,Ineedavacationaftermyvacation.>Wetravelbecauseweneedto,becau