Unit1+Art+Words+and+Expressions+【知識精研+能力提升】高中英語人教版（2019）選擇性必修第三冊

Unit1WordsandExpressionsprecise/pr??sa?s/adj.準確的；精確的Itwasdifficulttomeasurethepreciseimpactofthelaboraction.此次罷工影響幾何，難以作出準確的評估。IthinkwecandatethedeclineofWesternCivilizationquiteprecisely我認為我們可以相當準確地確定西方文明開始衰落的年代。Icanbereasonablypreciseaboutthetimeoftheincident.我可以相當準確地說出這件事發(fā)生的時間。助記：同義詞：exact,accuratebepreciseaboutsth.對某事相當精確preciselyadv.準確地；精確地；的確如此【語境串記】Toreachapreciseagreement,youmustexpressyourselfprecisely.為了達成精確的協(xié)議，你必須精確地表達自己的意思。realistic/?ri???l?st?k/adj.現(xiàn)實的；逼真的Youmustsetrealisticaimsandobjectivesforyourself.你必須給自己確定切實可行的目的和目標。Wehavetoberealisticaboutourchancesofwinning.我們必須實事求是地估計我們獲勝的可能性。Asarealist,IamrealisticabouteverythingIdo.AndIwishwecantalkwithrealism.作為一個現(xiàn)實主義者，我對我所做的每件事都很現(xiàn)實。我希望我們能用現(xiàn)實主義來交談。realrealityn.真實，現(xiàn)實reallyrealism

n.現(xiàn)實主義realisticadj.現(xiàn)實的，逼真的realistn.現(xiàn)實主義者inparticular尤其；特別（2015天津）Oneagentrecommendedahouseinparticular.一位經(jīng)紀人特別推薦了一套房子。Sheisveryparticularaboutherclothes.她對衣著特別挑剔。Hedoesn'tparticularlyliketheworkbutheseesitasameanstoanend.他不怎么喜歡這項工作，只是把它看作達到目的的手段而已。particularadj.特指的；特別的；挑剔同義：specially,especiallyparticularlyadv.特別；尤其＝inparticularbeparticularabout/over...對……講究/挑剔Themeetingstartsat2o’clock____________(precise)everyFridayafternoon.Hispaintingwasso___________thatsome_____________thoughtitwasaphototakenbyadigitalcamera.(realism)Ilikepurchasingredclothes____particularbecauseredisa______________(particular)popularcolorinChina.(2018·全國卷Ⅲ書面表達)AsfarasI'mconcerned，____________________________________________andmydreamistobeanationalfootballplayerinthefuture.就我而言，我特別喜歡踢足球，我的夢想是在未來成為一名國家足球運動員。preciselyrealisticrealistsinparticularlyI

love

playing

football

in

particularsetapartfrom使與眾不同；使突出；使優(yōu)于……BylearningChinese,Icansetmyselfapartfromotherjobapplicants.學習漢語，我就會比別的求職者更具有競爭力。Aftertheearthquake,thepeoplesetaboutrebuildingtheirhomes.地震過后，人們開始重建家園。Wesetouttofindthetruthbehindthemystery.我們開始著手揭開謎團背后的真相。Heurgedthemtosetasideminordifferencesforthesakeofpeace.他敦促他們?yōu)榱撕推綊侀_一些小的分歧。Itisnecessarytosetdowntheseadditionalrules.有必要制定這些補充規(guī)則。setaboutdoingsth.開始做某事setouttodosth.開始做某事setaside留出；把……置于一旁setdown寫下；記下setoff(for)出發(fā)；引發(fā)setup豎起；建立Myfather’sdevotiontohiswork______________________otherdoctors.Everydayhe____________thehospitalwhich_________ayearagoat5amand_______________________________________at5∶20am.Hecarefully___________patients’cases.Whileheissobusy，hestillsucceedsin_________________sometimetochatwithmeaboutmyschoolperformance.Thus，myfatheristhepersonIadmiremost.我父親對工作的獻身精神使他有別于其他醫(yī)生。他每天早上5點出發(fā)去那所一年前成立的醫(yī)院上班，并且在5點20開始工作。他仔細地記下病人的病情。雖然他很忙，但他還是成功地抽出一些時間和我聊我在學校的表現(xiàn)。因此，我的父親是我最欽佩的人。setshimapartfromsetsoffforwassetupsetsaboutworking/setsouttoworksetsdownsettingasideinfluential/??nflu?en?l/adj.有很大影響力的；有支配力的

n.有影響的人;有權(quán)勢的人Sheisoneofthemostinfluentialfiguresinlocalpolitics.她是本地政壇舉足輕重的人物。Hispaintingshadastronginfluenceonmeasastudent.我當學生時，他的畫對我產(chǎn)生過強烈的影響。(2020·新高考全國Ⅰ卷)Thetestsshowthatthesocialenvironmentisextremelyinfluentialwhenwe’remakingdecisions.這些測驗表明當我們在做決定的時候,社會環(huán)境極具影響力。influentiallyadv.有影響地；有力地influencen．&vt.影響同義：affectv.影響effectn.影響impactn.影響haveaninfluenceon/upon...對……有影響underone’sinfluence在某人的影響下單句語法填空/完成句子Duringhislife，hemademany_________________inventions，allofwhichhave________________ourdailylifegreatly.(influence)__________________(influence)bythesefilmsandTVplays,someteenagersbelievethatsmokinghelpsmakethemmoreattraction.(2020·全國Ⅰ，書面表達)_________________________________________，Ihavegrownincreasinglyinterestedinphysics.Inotherwords，myphysicsteacherismyrolemodel，______________________________________________.SoheisthepersonIrespectmost.在我的物理老師的影響下，我對物理越來越感興趣了。換句話說，我的物理老師是我的榜樣，他對我的影響極大。因此，他是我最尊敬的人。influentialinfluencedInfluencedUndermyphysicsteacher’sinfluencewhohasagreatinfluenceon/uponmereputation/?repju?te??n/n.名譽；名聲Alibabaalsohasagoodreputationandafamousbrand.阿里巴巴則是擁有良好口碑的知名公司。Ifyoufailtohonorthedraft,you'llloseyourreputation.如果你方不承兌匯票，你們會名譽掃地。Theschoolhasareputationforhighstandardsofdiscipline.這所學校因紀律嚴格而名聞遐邇。reputationn.名譽:名聲助記：reputen.名聲，聲譽同義：famen.名聲celebrityn.名聲，名人haveagood/badreputation名聲好/壞lose/ruinone’sreputation名譽掃地haveareputationforsth因…而著名；以…聞名rank/r??k/

n.地位；級別；行列vt.&vi.把……分等級；使排成行一詞多義快速閱讀下列句子并選出句中加黑詞匯對應(yīng)的意思1．Shewasnotusedtomixingwithpeopleofhighsocialrank.

2．Hewassoonpromotedtotherankofcaptain.

3．TsinghuaUniversityisrankedfirstinChinaforengineering.

rank...as...把……評為……rankhigh/first名列前茅/第一socialrank社會地位單句語法填空/完成句子(1)Today'smatchranks___________oneofthemostexcitinggamesthatthesetwohaveeverplayed.(2)Hegotagoodmarkinthetest,___________(rank)firstinhisclass.(3)Learningthat_________________________________________________________________________，Iamwritingtooffermysincerecongratulations.得知你在上周舉行的英語演講比賽中獲得第一名，我寫信向你表示衷心的祝賀。(應(yīng)用文之祝賀信)asrankingyourankedfirstintheEnglishspeechcompetitionheldlastweek

purchasevt.購買；采購n.購買；購買的東西Theequipmentcanbepurchasedfromyourlocalsupplier.這種設(shè)備可從您當?shù)氐墓?yīng)商購買。purchaseprice買價purchasefrom...從某處購買；采購purchasesthwith...用/通過……購買某物makeapurchase(of)購買；采購（2016天津閱讀A）Snacks

outside

of

mealtimes

may

_____________________（purchase）by

the

student

individually.

bepurchasedphotophotographer

n.攝影師photographyn.照相術(shù):攝影photographicadj攝影的;攝制的;照片的photographn.照片v.拍照emerge/??m??d?/vi&vt.出現(xiàn)；浮現(xiàn)；暴露Shefinallyemergedfromherroomatnoon.中午，她終于從屋里出來了。Chinahasonceagainemergedasaworldpower中國又一次以世界強國的姿態(tài)崛起。ItrepresentstheemergenceofthecoreareaofChineseculture.它代表華夏文化核心區(qū)的出現(xiàn)。同義：appearv.出現(xiàn)emergefromsth.(從隱蔽處或暗處)出現(xiàn)；浮現(xiàn)；露出emergeas...作為……出現(xiàn)emergence

n．出現(xiàn)；顯露單句語法填空/完成句子(1)Heusedtorankfirstatschoolandnowonderheemerged___________akeyfigureintheprogramme.(2)Wearewitnessingthe__________________(emerge)ofapowerfulcountry.(3)Themonkey___________________________________________，frighteningLucyintoscreaming.那只猴子突然從樹后出現(xiàn)，把露西嚇得尖叫起來。(讀后續(xù)寫之動作描寫)asemergencesuddenlyemergedfrombehindthetreeconvey/k?n?ve?/

vt.表達；傳遞(思想、感情等)；傳送Pleaseconveymygoodwishestoyourmother.請向您母親轉(zhuǎn)達我的祝愿Pipesconveyhotwaterfromtheboilertotheradiators.通過管道把熱水從鍋爐輸送到散熱器里.convey...tosb.向某人表達/傳遞……conveyone’sfeelings/thanks/wishestosb向某人表達某人的感情/謝意/祝愿convey...tosb.for...因……向某人表示……conveysthfrom...to...把某物從……運送到……(1)Pleaseconveyourbestregards___________

yourparentsassoonasyoureturntoyourcountry.(2)Intheletter，Iwouldlike________________________________________________

yourassistance.在信中，我謹對您的幫助表示衷心的感謝。(應(yīng)用文寫作之感謝信)totoconveymysincereappreciationtoyouforsubjective/s?b?d?ekt?v/adj.主觀的

subsequent

adj.隨后的；后來的；之后的

objectiveadj.客觀的subsequentto...在……之后

priorto在…之前fond/f?nd/adj.喜愛

fondly adv.天真地;憐愛地;溫柔地

befondof喜愛;喜歡Ifyouarefondofonlineshopping,rememberyourpasswordandkeepsecret.如果你喜歡網(wǎng)上購物,要牢記你的密碼,并保密。Icannotwaittolearnamusicalinstrument,becauseIamreallyfondofmusic.我迫不及待想學一門樂器,因為我十分喜歡音樂。I________

(fond)imaginedthatyoucaredforme.I_______________________________

andIusedtotakeanactivepartinourclassplays.我喜歡表演,我過去經(jīng)常積極參加班級表演。fondlyamfondofperformingsculpture

n.雕像；雕刻品；雕刻術(shù)

sculptor

n.雕刻家；雕塑家arched/ɑ?t?t/adj.拱形的；弓形的arch/ɑ?t?/vt.&vi.呈弧形橫跨；(使)成弓形n.拱；拱形結(jié)構(gòu)；拱門Thereareseven________(arch)inthebridge.Thedog________(arch)itsbackandstretcheditself.Walkthroughthe________(arch)gate,youcangettoasmallpond.archesarchedarchedinvestment/?n?vestm?nt/

n.投資額；投資；(時間、精力的)投入makeaninvestmentin在……方面投資invest

vt.投資；投入investin(doing)sth.投資某事investor

n．投資者；投資機構(gòu)briden.新娘bridegroomn.新郎permanentadj.永久的；永恒的；長久的permanentlyadv.永久地;長期;永遠;一直memorial/m??m??ri?l/

n.紀念碑(或像等)；紀念物；紀念品

adj.紀念的；悼念的memorialtosb./sth.某人/某物的紀念碑或紀念物amemorialstatue紀念雕像memory

n．記憶memoriz(s)e

vt.記住criticise[NAmE-ize]/?kr?t?sa?z/

vi.&vt.批評；指責；評價becriticizedforsth.因某事而受到批評becriticizedbysb.被某人批評

同義：blamen.&v.責備，scoldv.責罵criticismn.批評；指責；評論critical

adj.批判性的；關(guān)鍵的critic

n．批評家A__________

(memory)hasbeensetupinmemory

ofthosewhosacrificedtheirlivesinthefightagainsttheinvaders.Thethreeboyswerecriticized________theEnglishteacherfornothandingintheirhomework.Theboypaysnoattentiontohismother’s__________________(criticize)memorialbycriticismrepresentative/?repr??zent?t?v/

adj.典型的；有代表性的n.代表berepresentativeof是……的代表representsth.tosb.向某人說明某事representoneselfas/tobe...自稱是……representvt.代表；描述；展示Asastudent_______________(represent)，Iamgreatlyhonoredtorepresent

myschooltodeliveraspeechhere.IhighlyrecommendJasmine

Flower，whichisrepresentative___________

Chinesefolkmusic.SherepresentsherEnglishteacher___________

themostresponsibleandconsiderateteacherinourschool.Iwouldliketorepresentmyfirstimpressionofyournewpainting___________

you._____________________________________，I’mgladtotellyousomethingaboutthecomingvolleyballgame.我非常高興代表我們學校，告訴你們有關(guān)即將到來的排球比賽的一些事宜。representativeofastoRepresentingourschooldecline/d??kla?n/n.減少；下降；衰落

vi.&vt.減少；下降；衰落；謝絕一詞多義Herhealthwasdecliningrapidly.Thenumberoftouriststothetowndeclinedby10%.Iofferedtogivethemalift，buttheydeclinedwiththanks.Anincreaseincarshasresultedinthedeclineofpublictransport.同義：decrease,reduce,fall等refuse,reject,turndown等indecline/onthedecline在衰退中，走下坡路declineby...下降了……declineto...減少到……declinefrom...to...

從……降到……declinetodosth.拒絕做某事Yetthelastdecadesawthetotalnumberofjobsdecline___________

1.1percent.Thenumberofpeoplewhoarefondofreadinghasbeen___________

thedeclineinthepastfewyears.Subsequently，theprofitofthecompanydeclined___________

20millionayear.Inthepastfiveyearstheoverallinvestment______________________

(decline)by5%.Inspiteofmanyinvitations，hewouldalways______________________

OxfordUniversity.盡管多次收到邀請，他總是拒絕參觀牛津大學。byontohasdeclineddeclinetovisitexhibition/?eks??b??n/n.展覽；(技能、感情或行為的)表演exhibitvt.&vi.展覽；顯示；提出(證據(jù)等)

artistic/ɑ??t?st?k/adj.藝術(shù)的；藝術(shù)家的artistn．藝術(shù)家

entry/?entri/n.加入；進入；參與enterv．進入entrance

n.入口處【隨堂演練】Thethieves___________theroom，butnooneknewhowtheygained___________intothebuilding.(enter)enteredentryrecognition/?rek?ɡ?n??n/n.承認；認出；贊譽beyondrecognition認不出recognizevt.認出；辨認出；意識到recognize...as/tobe...承認……是……Itisrecognizedthat...人們承認……單句語法填空/句型轉(zhuǎn)換Peoplealloverthecountryrecognizethephysicist___________

themostinfluentialoneinChina.Thefilmstarwearssunglasses.Therefore，hecangoshoppingwithout______________________

(recognize)．Thereisageneral___________

(recognize)thatthestudytechniquesofmanystudentsareweak.Environmentalpollutionisrecognizedtohavebecomeoneofthemostseriousproblemsthatpeopleface.→_________________________________

environmentalpollutionhasbecomeoneofthemostseriousproblemsthatpeopleface.asbeingrecognizedrecognitionItisrecognizedthatexpansion/?k?sp?n?n/n.擴張；擴展；擴大expandv．擴大Theyallagreeto___________thenewcompany，butthe__________willcostthemalotofmoney.(expand)expandexpansionbring...tolife賦予……生命；使……鮮活起來lead/livea．..life過……的生活cometolife蘇醒過來；變得活躍allone’slife終生；一輩子語段填空Itwasthedoctor’sskillsaswellasthemodernequipmentthat_____________________.

Whenshe____________，shemadeuphermindto______________inthecountryside____________________.是醫(yī)生的醫(yī)術(shù)和現(xiàn)代化的設(shè)備使她活了過來。當她蘇醒過來的時候，她下定決心要在鄉(xiāng)下過一輩子簡單的生活。broughthertolifecametolifeleadasimplelifeallherlifeguarantee/?ɡ?r?n?ti?/

vt.保證；確保；肯定…必然發(fā)生

n.保證；保修單；擔保物guaranteetodosth./that...保證做某事；確?！璯uaranteesbsth＝guaranteesthtosb確保某人得到某物guaranteesb./sth.against/from保證……不受/免遭……beguaranteedtodosth必定會做某事underguarantee在保修期內(nèi)(1)Ifthereshouldbesomethingwrongwithyourdigitalcamerawhileitisstill__________

guarantee，wewouldrepairitatourexpense.(2)Ifyousendthe