（江蘇專用）新高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) 課時(shí)提能練7-8 牛津譯林-牛津高三英語(yǔ)試題

課時(shí)提能練7-8課時(shí)提能練(七)Book2Unit1Talesoftheunexplained課時(shí)作業(yè)A：基礎(chǔ)層面Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．Growing(grow)alloverthehillsandaroundthelakearedifferentkindsoftrees.2．Therearethreedifferentversionsofhishealthrecordinexistence(exist)．3．MrGreenissaidto_have_done(do)anexperimenttoprovethenewmethodofsolvingtheproblemwhenyoung.4．Hewas_dismissed(dismiss)fromhisjobforbreakingthecompany'ssafetyregulations.5．Likehermother，Irenewas_awarded(award)aNobelPrize，alongwithherhusband，in1935.Ⅱ.語(yǔ)境語(yǔ)法填空J(rèn)ustinFoster，anAmericanhighschoolstudent，wentmissinglastFridaynight.Policeare1.puzzled(puzzle)aboutitandhavesteppedup2.their(they)searchforhim.Peoplehaveshowngreatinterest3.inhisdisappearanceduetosightingsofpuzzlinglightsintheskyandreportsofalienvisitsaroundthetimeofhisdisappearance.PolicehavefoundJustindid4.actually(actual)returnhomethatnight，becauseJustin'stwofriendsandsomewitnesseshaveprovidedsome5.evidence(evident)forthat.Hissister，Kelly，alsoheardJustinreturnhomeatabout11p．m.AccordingtoKelly，abrightlightthenappearedoutsideherwindowandalargespaceship6.was_flying(fly)outside，7.withstrangelookingcreaturesinit.Justthen，sheheardJustinshoutandtheUFOdisappeared.Shehasn'tseenJustineversince.Shebelievesthealienstookhim，8.butherparentssaidshewasonlydreaming.Someotherpeople，likeMavisWood，alsosaytheyhaveseenaliens.PolicethinkthereisnohardevidencethatJustin9.was_taken(take)byaliens，andtheyarelookingintoother10.possibilities(possibility)．Andtheywon'tgiveupuntiltheyfindoutwhathappened.Ⅲ.完成句子1．我突然想起來(lái)我把傘忘在樓上了。It_occurred_to/hit/struck_me_thatIhadleftmyumbrellaupstairs.2．令她驚奇的是她的哥哥突然在婚禮上出現(xiàn)了。Whatsurprisedherwasthather_brother_showed_upattheweddingoutoftheblue.3．地板上是成堆的書、雜志和報(bào)紙。On_the_floor_werepilesofbooks，magazinesandnewspapers.4．據(jù)說(shuō)那個(gè)男孩到目前為止已背了2000個(gè)單詞。Theboyis_said_to_have_learned2,000wordsbyheartsofar.5．如果你愿意原諒我，我將要回到屬于我的地方去。Ifyouforgiveme，I'llreturntotheplacewhere_I_belong.課時(shí)作業(yè)B：能力層面Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2019·廣東省六校聯(lián)盟第三次聯(lián)考)NEWYORK—AmassivewinterstormparalyzedmuchoftheUSEastCoastonThursdayandFriday，dumpingasmuchas46centimetersofsnowfromtheCarolinastoMaine.ItalsocausedfloodingonthestreetsofBostonduetoswellingstormtides，forcedthecancellationofnearly5,000flightsandclosedbusinesses，officesandschools.Somemeteorologists(氣象學(xué)家)classifiedthestormasa“bombcyclone”foritssharpdropinatmosphericpressurewouldbefollowedimmediatelybyablastofcoldairthatcouldbreakrecordsinmorethantwodozencitiesandbringwindchillsaslowas－40°Cduringtheweekend.FromBaltimore，Maryland，toCaribouinMaine，effortswereunderwaytoclearroadwaysoficeandsnowaswindchilltemperaturesweretoplungeduringtheday，reaching－40°Cinsomepartsaftersundown，accordingtotheNationalWeatherService.UtilitycompaniesacrosstheEastworkedtorepairdownedpowerlinesearlyonFridayasabout21,000customersremainedwithoutelectricity，downfromalmost80,000thedaybefore，andissuedwarningsthattemperaturesmaybecomedangerouslylow.“Ifthetemperatureinyourhomebeginstofall，werecommendtakingshelterelsewhereuntilservicecanberestored.Youcanfindwarmingcentersbycontactinglocalauthorities，”NationalGridpowercompany，whichservesMassachusetts，saidonTwitter.Airlinescanceled4,000flightsonThursdayandhundredsmoreonFriday，accordingtoFlightA，anonlinetrackingservice.MayorBilldeBlasiosaiditcouldfeellike－30°ConFridayandSaturdaynightswiththewindchill.“Thisisaserious，seriousstorm，andmaybethemostseverein2018，”hesaidatanewsconference.NewYorkGovernorAndrewCuomodeclaredastateofemergencyforthesouthernpartofthestate，whileNewJerseyGovernorChrisChristiedeclaredastateofemergencyforseveralcounties.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文屬于新聞報(bào)道。大規(guī)模的暴風(fēng)雨于周四和周五襲擊了美國(guó)東海岸，給當(dāng)?shù)氐纳a(chǎn)和生活造成了嚴(yán)重影響。1．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheconsequenceofthemassivewinterstorm?A．BreakdownoftheUScoast.B．FloodinginBoston.C．Cancellationofnearly5,000flights.D．Closureinbusiness，offices，andschools.A[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“ItalsocausedfloodingonthestreetsofBostonduetoswellingstormtides，forcedthecancellationofnearly5,000flightsandclosedbusinesses，officesandschools.”可知，受暴風(fēng)雪的影響，波士頓暴發(fā)了洪水，近5000架次的航班被迫取消，企業(yè)、辦公樓和學(xué)校也被迫關(guān)閉。只有A項(xiàng)沒(méi)有提到，故選A。]2．Whydidsomemeteorologistsclassifythiswinterstormas“bombcyclone”？A．Becauseitwillcausechangeableatmosphericpressure.B．Becausethescaleofthisstormcouldbreakrecordsinlotsofcities.C．Becauseofthedeadlyanddestructiveeffectsofthisstorm.D．Becauseoftheextremelycoldairandthewindchillsinthisstorm.D[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段可知，一些氣象專家將此類風(fēng)暴歸為“炸彈氣旋”的原因是氣壓的急劇下降，而隨后還會(huì)有一股冷空氣到來(lái)，打破了20多座城市的記錄，導(dǎo)致周末時(shí)氣溫低至－40°C。故選D。]3．Whichofthefollowingbestexplainstheunderlinedword“plunge”inPara.3?A．Declinesteadily.B．Dropdramatically.C．Fluctuateviolently.D．Fallmoderately.B[詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“...windchilltemperaturesweretoplungeduringtheday，reaching－40°Cinsomepartsaftersundown...”可知，一些地區(qū)的風(fēng)寒溫度在日落后會(huì)降到－40°C。據(jù)此可知，畫線詞的含義為“突然下降”，故選B。]4．Abouttherescuework，whichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECT?A．Peopleweremakinggreateffortstoridroadwaysoficeandsnow.B．About101thousandpeoplewereleftwithoutelectricityonThursday.C．Residentscanstayinwarmingcentersuntilheatingserviceisrestored.D．Aviationservicehasn'tbeenbroughtbacktonormalyetuntilFriday.B[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段可知，人們正在加緊清理路面上的冰雪，故排除A項(xiàng)；根據(jù)第五段前兩句可知，在供暖服務(wù)恢復(fù)之前，居民可以住在供暖中心，故排除C項(xiàng)；根據(jù)第六段可知，航班服務(wù)仍然沒(méi)有恢復(fù)正常，故排除D項(xiàng)。根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容可知，周五早些時(shí)候，電力公司都在努力修復(fù)被擊落的電線，當(dāng)時(shí)大約有21000家沒(méi)有電，比前一天的差不多80000減少了，故可知周四沒(méi)有電的不是101000家。故選B。]B(2019·石家莊市畢業(yè)班教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè))Mostdogownersareconvincedthattheirfour-leggedfriendsknowexactlywhattheymeanwhentheyusecertainwordslike“sit”，“stay”or“treat”．However，researchershavealwayswonderedwhetherdogsreallyunderstandhumanspeechoriftheyrelyonotherinformationtogetthemeaning.Forexample，doestheword“fetch”formapictureofastickorballinthedog'smind，ordoesthedogbringbacktheobjectbasedontheowner'svoiceorgesture?AnewstudybyscientistsatAtlanta'sEmoryUniversityseemstoindicatethat“man'sbestfriend”doesindeedknowwhattheownerissaying.Theresearchersbeganbyaskingtheownersoftwelvedogsofvariouskindstotraintheirpetstoidentifytwotoysofdifferentmaterials，suchasatoyanimalandaball.Oncethedogshadmasteredthetask，theytookturnsinsideaspecialscanner.Theownersthentestedtheirdog'slanguageskillbyfirstcallingoutthenamesofthetoystheyhadbeentrainedtorecognizeandthensayingmeaninglesswordssuchas“bobbu”and“bodmick”whileholdinguprandomobjectsthedogshadn'tseenbefore.Thescanssuggestedthatthepartsofthedogs'brainsresponsibleforprocessingsoundsshoweddifferentbrainpatternswhentheyheardwordstheywerefamiliarwith，comparedwiththeonestheyhadneverheardbefore.Whilethatwasnotenoughtoprovethatthedogswerepicturingtheirtoyswhentheyheardtheword，itdidindicatesomesortofrecognition.Theresearchersbelievethisisanimportantstepinunderstandinghowdogsprocesslanguage.Somethingevenmoreinterestingwasthatthedog'sbrainsshowedahigherlevelofneural(神經(jīng)的)activityatthesoundofunknownwords.Thisistheexactoppositeofwhathappensinhumanbrains，whichgetmoreactiveatthesoundoffamiliarwords.Theresearcherssaythedogsmaybecomecheerfulatthesoundofnewwordstotrytounderstandtheminthehopeofdelightingtheirmasters.“Dogswanttopleasetheirowners，andperhapsalsowanttoreceivepraiseorfood，”saysEmoryneuroscientistGregoryBerns，seniorauthorofthestudy.However，thoughyourpetmayunderstandhumanspeech，thescientistsrecommendusingvisualsignalsandsmellfortraining.“Whenpeoplewanttoteachtheirdogatrick，theyoftenusespokencommandsbecausethat'swhatwehumansprefer，”Prichardsays.“Fromthedog'sview，however，avisualcommandmightbemoreeffective，helpingthedoglearnthetrickfaster.”【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。一項(xiàng)新的研究表明，狗的確能理解主人說(shuō)的話。5．What'sthepurposeofthenewstudy?A．Toconvincedogownerstounderstandtheirdogs.B．Toadvisedogownerstotreattheirdogskindly.C．Toprovedogsfollowowners'orderbylistening.D．Totestouthowdogsgetinformationfromowners.D[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段尾句“AnewstudybyscientistsatAtlanta'sEmoryUniversityseemstoindicatethat“man'sbestfriend”doesindeedknowwhattheownerissaying”可知，亞特蘭大的埃默里大學(xué)的科學(xué)家進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)新研究似乎表明，“人類最好的朋友”確實(shí)知道主人在說(shuō)什么，并結(jié)合全文可知，該研究的目的是測(cè)試狗是如何理解主人的話的，故D項(xiàng)正確。]6．WhatdoestheauthorintendtodoinParagraph2?A．Informtheresultoftheresearch.B．Statetheprocessoftheresearch.C．Stresstheimportanceoftheresearch.D．Introducethesubjectsoftheresearch.B[寫作意圖題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“Theresearchersbeganbyaskingtheownersoftwelvedogsofvariouskindstotraintheirpetstoidentifytwotoysofdifferentmaterials，suchasatoyanimalandaball”并結(jié)合該段內(nèi)容可知，該段主要介紹了進(jìn)行研究的過(guò)程，包括讓不同品種的狗識(shí)別不同材料的玩具等，據(jù)此可知，該段旨在介紹研究過(guò)程，故B項(xiàng)正確。]7．Howdohumanbrainsanddogbrainsreacttowords?A．Humanbrainsbecomeactiveinunfamiliarwords.B．Dogbrainsbecomedelightedatunfamiliarwords.C．Humanbrainsarenotsensitivetofamiliarwords.D．Dogbrainsshownoresponsetofamiliarwords.B[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段前兩句“Somethingevenmoreinteresting...Thisistheexactoppositeofwhathappensinhumanbrains，whichgetmoreactiveatthesoundoffamiliarwords”可知，對(duì)于不熟悉的單詞，狗的大腦呈現(xiàn)出高水平的神經(jīng)活動(dòng)，而人類的大腦相反，故B項(xiàng)正確。]8．Whatdoscientistsadvisetheownerstodoindogtraining?A．Givedogsoralcommands.B．Teachdogsnewtricks.C．Involvesightandsmell.D．Encouragefasterlearning.C[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)尾段第一句“However，thoughyourpetmayunderstandhumanspeech，thescientistsrecommendusingvisualsignalsandsmellfortraining”可知，盡管狗可能理解人類的語(yǔ)言，但科學(xué)家們建議使用視覺(jué)信號(hào)和嗅覺(jué)來(lái)訓(xùn)練它們，故C項(xiàng)正確。]Ⅱ.閱讀七選五(2019·長(zhǎng)沙市統(tǒng)一模擬)Itisnotassimpleasopeningthedoorandhittingthetrackinwinter.Thereareafewthingsyoucandotoensureyouaregettingthemostoutofyourrunand，importantly，notdoingmoreharmthangood.Warmup，cooldown__1__.Yourmusclesneedsometimetowarmupwhenit'scold，sotakeiteasywhenyousetoffanddoafewstretchesonceyou'refinished.DrinkwaterYoumightnotfeelhot，butthat'sbecausesweatevaporates(蒸發(fā))morequicklyintothechilly，dryair.Sobesuretodrinkwaterbefore，duringandaftercold-weatherworkouts.__2__.Abeltbottleconvenientlyattachestoyourwaistsoyoudon'thavetocarryitandcanhaveadrinkwheneveryoufeellikeit.__3__Runningincottonisabadidea.Wearthin，breathablelayersofsynthetic(合成的)clothingthathelpprotectyoufromthewindandsnow，butstillletoutheatandmoisture.Thirtypercentofyourbodyheatescapesthroughyourhandsandfortypercentthroughyourhead.Wearahat，orbeanie(無(wú)檐小便帽)，andglovessoyourcirculatorysystemcandistributewarmbloodtotherestofyourbody.__4__.Runintothewind__5__.Obviously，itwillbeaneasierpassagehomewithsomeextrahelpfromMotherNature.But，moreimportantly，youwon'thavethewindinyourfaceforthesecondhalfofyourrun，whenyouaremorelikelytobesweatingandcatchachill.A．DressrightB．KeepwarmC．Don'tgotoofast，toosoonD．StartandfinishinthesamewayE．Don'twaittodrinkwateruntilyoufeelthirstyF．HeadoutintothewindandcomehomewithitatyourbackG．Onreallycolddays，wearamaskorscarfoveryourmouthtoprotectyourface【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了冬季室外跑步的一些注意事項(xiàng)，包括做好熱身運(yùn)動(dòng)、注意飲水以及穿合適的衣物等。1．C[根據(jù)該段小標(biāo)題Warmup，cooldown以及空后的“Yourmusclesneedsometimetowarmup”可知，C項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。]2．E[根據(jù)段落小標(biāo)題Drinkwater并結(jié)合空前一句“Sobesuretodrinkwaterbefore，duringandaftercold-weatherworkouts”可知，E項(xiàng)“不要等到你感到口渴的時(shí)候才喝水”符合語(yǔ)境，銜接上文。]3．A[根據(jù)空處所在位置以及文章結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處為段落小標(biāo)題；通讀該段可知，本段主要是講跑步時(shí)的穿著，故選A項(xiàng)。]4．G[空處所在段講的是冬季室外跑步的著裝要求，故G項(xiàng)與此處匹配。]5．F[根據(jù)本段的小標(biāo)題Runintothewind并結(jié)合空后一句可知，跑步回家時(shí)順著風(fēng)，讓風(fēng)在你背后推著你走，故F項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。]Ⅲ.語(yǔ)法填空(2019·陜西省部分學(xué)校摸底檢測(cè))Manyofmyfriendslikefallandtakeitastheirfavoriteseason.Lastweekend，Iwentoutdoorsandsoon1.________(find)adeeperappreciationforthisseason.Thechangeofleafcolorsisacommonreasongiven2.________theloveoffall.Eachtreereacts3.________(different)tothechangeoftheseason.Someshedtheirleavesinhopesofreproducing;however，other4.________(tree)remaingreenforaslongaspossibletogainadditionalenergyfromthesuntosurvivethewinter.Thiseffect5.________(call)theflight-or-fightresponse.Fallisatimeof6.________(reflect)andpreparationfortheyearahead.Ihavefoundameaningoffallforme.I'm7.________18-year-oldboyinthefinalyearofhighschoolandmylifeisaworkinprogress.TherearetimesIwanttogiveup，butthenIlookaroundmeandrealizelifekeeps8.________(move)．Thenaturalcycleoflifeisbeautifulanddoesn'tstopgrowingsoIhavetolearntokeepup.Themeaningoffallisdifferentforeachperson.Iencourageyou9.________(go)outtofollowsomepathorsidewalkanddiscover10.________fallmeanstoyou.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】作者喜歡秋天這個(gè)季節(jié)，它是作者反思和準(zhǔn)備未來(lái)的時(shí)刻，讓作者保持前進(jìn)。1．found[考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)該句中的“Lastweekend”和“went”可知，此處敘述發(fā)生在過(guò)去的事，故填found。]2．for[考查介詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境并分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處用固定搭配thereasonfor...“……的原因”，故填介詞for。]3．differently[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處用副詞修飾動(dòng)詞reacts，故填differently。]4．trees[考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境并分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處other修飾名詞復(fù)數(shù)，且謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為復(fù)數(shù)，故填trees。]5．iscalled[考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境并分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，call和主語(yǔ)Thiseffect是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且此處描述的是一種客觀情況，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故填iscalled。]6．reflection[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。of是介詞，后面接名詞、代詞或者動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，再結(jié)合空后的preparation可知，此處應(yīng)填reflection。]7．a(chǎn)n[考查冠詞。此處泛指一個(gè)18歲的男孩，且所修飾單詞的發(fā)音以元音音素開頭，故填不定冠詞an。]8．moving[考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。keepdoingsth.意為“一直做某事，繼續(xù)做某事”，為固定用法，故填moving。]9．togo[考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。encouragesb.todosth.意為“鼓勵(lì)某人做某事”，為固定用法，故填togo。]10．what[考查賓語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境且分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，且在從句中作賓語(yǔ)，表示“什么”，故填what。]課時(shí)提能練(八)Book2Unit1Talesoftheunexplained課時(shí)作業(yè)A：基礎(chǔ)層面Ⅰ.語(yǔ)境語(yǔ)法填空APolicehavefoundJustin1.actually(actual)returnedhomethatnight，2.becauseJustin'stwofriendsandsomewitnesseshaveprovidedsome3.evidence(evident)forthat.Hissister，Kelly，alsoheardJustinreturnhomeatabout11p．m.AccordingtoKelly，abrightlightthen4.appeared(appear)outsideherwindowandalargespaceshipwasflyingoutside，withstrange-lookingcreaturesinit.Justthen，sheheardJustinshoutandthentheUFOdisappeared.Shehasn'tseenJustineversince.Shebelievesthealienstookhim，butherparentssaidshewasonly5.dreaming(dream)．Someotherpeople，likeMavisWood，alsosaythattheysawaliensthatnight.PolicethinkthereisnohardevidencethatJustinwastakenbyaliens，andtheyarelookingintoother6.possibilities(possibility)．Andtheywon'tgiveupuntiltheyfindoutwhathappened.BPeoplehavebeenpuzzledaboutthemysteryofYetiformanyyears.Whatshouldtheylooklike?ItissaidthattheYetiis1.taller(tall)thanaveragehumanbutwalkswith2.amazing(amaze)speedandstrength.Thoughsomepeoplereportedseeingthefootprints3.belonging(belong)toaYeti，nostrongerevidenceforitsexistencehasbeenfound.However，withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology，themysteryissureto4.be_worked(work)outinthefuture.Ⅱ.根據(jù)提示補(bǔ)全句子1．當(dāng)我進(jìn)來(lái)時(shí)，我看到他正在看電視。(seesb.doing)WhenIcamein，Isaw_him_watching_TV.2．坐在前排的是公司的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。(倒裝)Seated_at_the_front_row_are_leadersofthecompany.3．據(jù)說(shuō)說(shuō)唱音樂(lè)是在1912年由一位古典音樂(lè)家發(fā)明的。(sb./sth.besaidtodo)Rap(music)was_said_to_have_been_inventedbyaclassicalmusicianin1912.4．據(jù)說(shuō)這位女士比她的丈夫多活了10年。(survive)It'ssaidthatthewomansurvived_her_husband_by10years.課時(shí)作業(yè)B：能力層面Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2019·新疆維吾爾自治區(qū)適應(yīng)性檢測(cè))Super-stormSandyslammedintotheeasternUnitedStatesthreeyearsago.Thewind-drivenwatercausedalotofflooding，especiallyintheregion'ssubwaysystem.Nowtwoteenshaveinventedadevicethatcouldhelppreventfuturesubwayfloods.InNewYorkCityalone，Super-stormSandycausedanestimated$19billionindamage.Muchoftheflood-watersenteredthesubwaysystemthroughitsventilationgrates(通風(fēng)柵)．Thosemetalgrillsusuallylieatgroundlevel.Whenthesystemisshutdownaheadofaflood，engineerstrytocoverthosegrateswithplywood(膠合板)andsandbags.Butthefloodingoftenwashesawaythosemeasures，whichallowswatertoflowintothetunnels.Raisingthosegratesevenatinybitabovegroundlevelwouldcostalotofmoney.Otherideashaveincludedbuildingtallchimneysaroundtheholes.Thatwouldraisethegratesandcostalotofmoney，too.KyleandRaymondcameupwithadifferent，lessexpensiveidea.Theydesignedametalgratewithabuilt-in，adjustablecover.Whentrainsarerunning，onepartofthegrateslidesopentobringinfreshair.Butwhenthesystemisshutdown，thatpartcanbeslidshuttocompletelyblockthegrate.Theirgrateisthesamesizeasthegratesusednow.So，itwouldbesimple，theysay，toliftouttheoldgrateanddropinareplacement.Theirdesignincludestamper-prooffeatures，whichcanpreventoperationmistakes.Theymakesurethatpeopledon'tintentionallyshutoffairflowduringnormalconditions.Forpeoplewiththeproperkey，itwouldonlytakeaminuteortwotoclosethegrateaheadofaflood.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要講述三年前超級(jí)風(fēng)暴Sandy猛烈襲擊美國(guó)東部，造成了洪水災(zāi)害，當(dāng)?shù)氐牡罔F被洪水淹沒(méi)。為防止地鐵再次被洪水淹沒(méi)，兩位少年發(fā)明了一種裝置。1．What'sthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A．Thestepstooperategrates.B．Themeasurestopreventflood.C．Thefunctionofplywoodandsandbags.D．Thedisadvantageofpresentsubwaysystem.D[段落大意題。根據(jù)第二段第一句可知，據(jù)估計(jì)超級(jí)風(fēng)暴Sandy僅在紐約市就造成了價(jià)值190億美元的損失。文章接下來(lái)分析了超級(jí)風(fēng)暴造成的洪水淹沒(méi)地鐵的原因：目前的地鐵系統(tǒng)存在很大的弊端。故本題選D。]2．Whichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribesthetwoteens'newinvention?A．Costly. B．Time-saving.C．Practical. D．Conventional.C[推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段第一、第二句“Theirgrateisthesamesizeasthegratesusednow.So，itwouldbesimple，theysay，toliftouttheoldgrateanddropinareplacement”他們使用的柵欄和現(xiàn)在使用的柵欄大小一樣，所以很容易就可以把舊的柵欄取出來(lái)，放入一個(gè)替換柵欄；再結(jié)合最后一段最后兩句可知，新的裝置操作起來(lái)也很方便。故選C。]3．What'sthepurposeofdesigningthetamper-prooffeature?A．Toreplacetheoldgratecorrectly.B．Toclosethegrateaheadofaflood.C．Toensureairflowinnormalconditions.D．Tostopthetrainspeedingupunexpectedly.C[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第三、第四句可知，設(shè)計(jì)干預(yù)防護(hù)的特點(diǎn)可以阻止操作失誤，有了干預(yù)防護(hù)，他們確保人們不會(huì)有意地在正常情況下關(guān)掉空氣流通的功能，故本題選C。]4．Wheredoesthetextmostprobablycomefrom?A．Anewsreport.B．Anadventurousstory.C．Anintroductiontonewequipment.D．Aguidebooktomakinggrates.A[文章出處題。通讀全文可知，本文主要講述了兩位少年發(fā)明了一種成本較低、實(shí)用的地鐵防洪裝置以及該裝置的特點(diǎn)和優(yōu)勢(shì)，應(yīng)該屬于新聞報(bào)道類文章，故選A。]B(2019·遼寧省五校協(xié)作體聯(lián)合模擬)IttookmultipleweddingsforChristineLawtorealizewhatsheneededtodo.Inthesummerof2014，herschedulewaspackedwithfriends'marriagecelebrations—flower-filledoccasionsthatgotherthinking，“Wheredoalltheflowersgoaftertheparty？”Moreoftenthannot，theywerethrownaway.Lawwasconfidentshecouldfindabetteruseforthem.ByAugust，shehadaplan：convincecouplesandcompanieshostingeventstodonatetheirflowers，whichshewouldpickupanddeliverwithin48hourstoseniorsacrossthecity.Shewantedtobringbeautyintothelivesoftheelderly.Shedrewonherexperiencethroughbeingavolunteerinnon-profitinstitutionsinordertosetupherownorganization，whichshecalledFloranthropie.Nothavingenoughbouquets(花束)forall150peopleofahealthcenter，Lawaskedthestafftoprovidealistofpatientswhoneededcheeringupmost，“ThefirstwomanIapproachedthoughtitwasamistake，andthattheflowerscouldn'tpossiblybeforher，”saysLaw.“Isaidtheywereagift，andwetalkedforahalfhour.”Inadditiontohealthcenters，F(xiàn)loranthropiefocusesoncommunitygroupsdevotedtotheelderly.La?titiaThélèmeisavolunteerforLesPetitsFières，anorganizationthataimstohelptheelderlywhodon'thaveasupportsystem.ThegroupreceivesadozenorsobouquetsfromFloranthropiemonthly，andthenredistributesthem.“Ourmottois‘flowersbeforebread’，”saysThélème.“Wedon'tfocusonprimarycare，butratheronnourishing(滋養(yǎng))thespirit.Floranthropiehelpsusdothat.It'samazingwhatabigdifferenceasmallbouquetcanmake.”Inthebeginning，mostofFloranthropie'sdonationscamethroughwordofmouth.Thesedays，Lawreceivesmessagesfromstrangersviaherorganization'sFacebookpageandhasconnectedwithcorporationsandflowerwholesalers.LawhopestoexpandFloranthropienationally，butatthispointishappytobeabletooverseeeachdeliverypersonally.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】該文講述了ChristineLaw把婚禮上用過(guò)的花送給老人們，為他們的生活增加美的享受。她的做法得到了很多人的支持。5．WhatmadeChristineLawsetupFloranthropie?A．Thewasteofflowers.B．Thelonelinessofseniors.C．Thepersuasionofotherfriends.D．Thewarmatmosphereofweddings.A[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“‘Wheredoalltheflowersgoaftertheparty？’Moreoftenthannot，theywerethrownaway.Lawwasconfidentshecouldfindabetteruseforthem”可知，婚禮上使用過(guò)的花束的浪費(fèi)使ChristineLaw成立了Floranthropie這個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)。故選A。]6．Whatwasthewoman'sreactiontoChristineLaw'sflowers?A．Shewasmoved.B．Shewasexcited.C．Shewasworried.D．Shewassurprised.D[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“ThefirstwomanIapproachedthoughtitwasamistake，andthattheflowerscouldn'tpossiblybeforher”可推知，當(dāng)ChristineLaw給第一位女士送花時(shí)，她感到難以置信、相當(dāng)驚訝。故選D。]7．WhatcanweinferaboutFloranthropiefromLa?titiaThélème'swords?A．Itshouldfocusonprimarycare.B．Itisbenefitingmorethantheelderly.C．Itisdoingsomethingofgreatimportance.D．Itshouldcooperatewithmorenon-profitinstitutions.C[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Floranthropiehelpsusdothat.It'samazingwhatabigdifferenceasmallbouquetcanmake”可推知，La?titiaThélème認(rèn)為Floranthropie做的事產(chǎn)生了很大影響，故C項(xiàng)符合文意。]8．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．VolunteerYourTimeB．Don'tThrowFlowersAwayC．SpecialDeliveryMakesYourDayD．BrightenSeniors'LivesWithFlowersD[標(biāo)題判斷題。本文主要講述了ChristineLaw為了不浪費(fèi)婚禮上用過(guò)的花，把花送給老人們，給他們的生活帶來(lái)了美。故D項(xiàng)適合作文章標(biāo)題。]Ⅱ.閱讀七選五(2019·重慶市質(zhì)量調(diào)研抽測(cè))WaystoGetYourKidsintoNatureBeinginnatureforkidshastremendoushealthbenefits.Therearemanywaysyoucanincorporatenatureintoyourchildren'slives，evenifyouliveinthecity.Inspirecuriositybybeingcuriousyourself.Aparent'sexcitementcanbespreadtothechildren，andwhenyoushowrespectfornature，yourchildrenfollowsuit.__1__.“Idon'tknow!Let'sfindouttogether.”isawonderfulwaytogettheballrolling.Beopentoamutualadventureandallowyourcuriousinnerchildtocomeoutwhileyouexplorenaturewithyourchildren.__2__.Ifyouhavetocarpool(拼車)inthemorning，turnoffthedevicesinsteadandencourageyourchildrentolookoutofthewindow.Theearlymorningfallskiesarebeautifulwithcolorandmigratingbirds.Afterall，evenviewsofnaturefromthecarwindowarecalmingandbeneficial.Stopthinkingaboutnaturetimeasleisuretime.Timeinnatureisanessentialinvestmentinyourchildren'shealthandwell-being.Ifyouviewnaturetimeasessentialtogoodhealth，youwillbemorelikelytoengageinit.__3__，nurturingcreativityandwonderispartofyourresponsibilityasparents.Lookatthestars.Visityourlocalobservatory，andthendriveoutofthecitysomemorningoreveningforyourownstargazing(天體觀察)withablanketandtelescope.Observingthestarsoffersadeeperandwiderunderstandingoftheuniverse.__4__.Plantasmallgarden.__5__.Beanandpeaplantsgrowquicklyandcanbeeatenwhenmature，soteachyourchildrenaboutfoodandthewonderofgrowth.A．LimitelectronicdeviceswhiledrivingB．Encouragequestionsyoudon'tknowtheanswerstoC．Ifyouwanttoraiseyourhealthy，well-balancedchildrenD．Ifyouhavethespace，helpyourchildrenplantafewvegetablesE．Itwillteachteamwork，prideinthecommunity，andfamilytogethernessF．Ifyourchildisinterested，encouragehimtogetinvolvedinthecommunityG．Allowyourselftothinkaboutit，andtalktoyourchildrenaboutthatwonder【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了讓孩子融入自然的一些方法。1．B[根據(jù)下文中的“‘Idon'tknow!Let'sfindouttogether.’isawonderfulwaytogettheballrolling”，并與上文中的“Inspirecuriosity”呼應(yīng)可推知，此處表示鼓勵(lì)孩子一起探索你自己也不知道答案的問(wèn)題，從而引起好奇心，故選B項(xiàng)。]2．A[根據(jù)空后一句“Ifyouhavetocarpool