2023-2024學年陜西省西安市高三上學期10月聯(lián)考模擬考試英語試題 (解析版)

PAGEPAGE3陜西省西安市2023-2024學年高三上學期10月聯(lián)考模擬考試英語試題第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)略第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題，每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。ASomeofyoujustneedatoolthatwillallowyoutogetyourdailydoseofadvancedEnglishwhenyouwantit.Thebesttooltodothatisalanguageapp.Herearesomeforyou.MagooshMagooshoffersafewexcellentmodulesforlearners.Theseareespeciallyusefulifyou’restudyingforanEnglishexam.AdvancedEnglishlearnerswillfindthevocabularybuilderappespeciallyuseful.Weneverstoplearningnewwords,andtheMagooshvocabularyappincludeswordsthatwouldbechallengingevenfornativespeakers!FluentUThislanguagelearningwebsiteandappisdesignedtogetyoucomfortablewitheverydayEnglishbycombiningallthebenefitsofcompleteimmersionandnative-levelconversations.Itslessonsarebasedonauthenticvideos—everythingfrommovietrailerstoinspiringtalkstonewsreports—withaddedlearningtoolslikeinteractivesubtitles(字幕).BlinkistBlinkisthassummarizedbooksonmanydifferentcategories,includingscience,parenting,entrepreneurship,psychology,politicsandeducation.justtonameafewofthe27categoriesavailable.Totopitall,eachsummaryhasitsownnativeaudioavailable!Soifyoudon’tfeellikereadingbutstillwanttoknowwhyeverybodyisreadingMakeyourBedbyWilliamH.McRaven.justpressplayandcloseyoureyes.GoCorrectGoCorrectwillsendyouonequestioneverydayfromMondaytoFriday.Youhavetoansweritbyusing70wordsorless,andalanguageteacherwillcorrectyouranswerandsendyoufeedback.Youcanchoosetogetintermediate,advancedorbusiness-relatedquestions.andifyoudon’tmakemanymistakes,thenumberofwordsyoucanwritegoesupto80.1.WhatisMagooshmostsuitablefor?A.Enrichingvocabulary. B.Improvinglisteningskill.C.PractisingoralEnglish. D.Developingwritingskill.2.What’stheappealofGoCorrect?A.Authenticvideos. B.Teachers’feedback.C.Everydayquestion. D.Nativeconversation.3.Thosewhopreferlisteningtobookscanchoose______.A.Magoosh B.FluentU C.Blinkist D.GoCorrect【答案】1.A2.B3.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應用文。主要介紹了五款英語語言學習的應用程序。1．【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Magoosh中的介紹“Magooshoffersafewexcellentmodulesforlearners.Theseareespeciallyusefulifyou’restudyingforanEnglishexam.AdvancedEnglishlearnerswillfindthevocabularybuilderappespeciallyuseful.(Magoosh為學習者提供了一些優(yōu)秀的模塊。如果你正在準備英語考試，這些特別有用。高級英語學習者會發(fā)現(xiàn)詞匯生成器應用程序特別有用。)”可知，Magoosh最適合豐富詞匯。故選A。2．【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)GoCorrect中的介紹“GoCorrectwillsendyouonequestioneverydayfromMondaytoFriday.Youhavetoansweritbyusing70wordsorless,andalanguageteacherwillcorrectyouranswerandsendyoufeedback.(從周一到周五，“正確答題”每天都會給你發(fā)一個問題。你必須用70個或更少的單詞來回答，語言老師會糾正你的答案并給你反饋。)”可知，在GoCorrect這款應用程序中，語言老師會糾正你的答案并給你反饋。故選B。3．【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Blinkist部分的介紹“Totopitall,eachsummaryhasitsownnativeaudioavailable!Soifyoudon’tfeellikereadingbutstillwanttoknowwhyeverybodyisreadingMakeyourBedbyWilliamH.McRaven.justpressplayandcloseyoureyes.(最重要的是，每個摘要都有自己的本地音頻!所以，如果你不想讀書，但仍然想知道為什么每個人都在讀威廉·H·麥克雷文的《整理你的床》。只要按播放鍵，閉上眼睛。)”可知，喜歡聽的書可以選擇Blinkist。故選C。BArtistTomCampbellhasexhibitedhisworkatOutlawStudiosatMarinaCommercialPark.TheexhibitionisTom’slargestonetodateandincludesaffordableart.Theinteractiveshowismadeupofdrawings,paintings,sculpturesandliveperformances.Throughouttheexhibition,Tomisworking,givingthepublicanopportunitytowatchinsidehisstudioandhavetheirportraitsdrawn.Peoplecanalsocommissionapieceoftheirchoosing.WallpaintingispartofTom’soutput.HehascreatedawallpaintingforElectricPicnic,alongwithfourotherartistsinvitedtotakepartinthiscommission.Hiswallpaintinghasaspecialtheme,portrayedbydoves(鴿子).Aswellashisanti-warstandpoint,heisdoingsomethingmeaningful.TomisafoundingmemberofatreeplantingprojectcalledTreesPlease.Thegrouphasdistributed10,000treesinaboutfouryearsacrossIreland.HumourisalsoimportantforTominhisart.Hecantreatheavysubjectswithirony,oftenemployinganaggressivecombinationoflivelycolorsandanimalswithwistfulexpressionscommunicatingtheimportanceofrespect,peace,understandingandlove.Hehasdonecreativeworkformentalhealthcharities.Tomwasbornwithaloveforart.Heenjoysplayingmusicalinstrumentsinpublic,liketheviolin.Hegetslotsofsmilesfrompeople.Healsosingsandhasanonlinechannelfeaturinghissongs,whichareveryimprovised(即興的).Allthiscreativityisalifelineforhim,whobelievesthatartisanecessityratherthanaluxury.Artissomethingeverybodycando.Ifcreativitywasembracedbypeopleinanopenway,itcouldtransformsociety.Artcanbringalotofjoy.Everyoneiscreativeandenjoyscreativitywhetherit’smusicorvisualartorwhatever.4.WhatdoweknowaboutTom’sexhibition?A.Itistargetedattherich.B.Ittakesonavarietyofforms.C.Itisthelargestonethroughoutarthistory.D.Itoffersanopportunitytopractisedrawing.5.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytellusaboutTom?A.Hissenseofhumorandcreativity.B.Hisefforttoprotectplantsandanimals.C.Hisadviceonpaintingandplantingtrees.D.Hispassionforpeaceandtheenvironment.6.WhatcanwelearnfromTom’simprovisedsongs?A.Hehascreativetalent. B.Artisaluxury.C.Arthasnoboundaries. D.Heispopularinpublic.7.Inwhichcolumnofamagazinecanthetextprobablyappear?A.Literature. B.Finance. C.Figure. D.Society.【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講的是藝術家湯姆正在舉辦一場多元化的藝術展覽，在創(chuàng)作中他通過繪畫表達對于和平的熱愛，通過行動來保護環(huán)境?！敬鸢浮?.B5.D6.A7.C4．【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Theinteractiveshowismadeupofdrawings,paintings,sculpturesandliveperformances.(互動表演由素描、油畫、雕塑和現(xiàn)場表演組成。)”可知，湯姆的畫展形式是多種多樣的。故選B項。5．【解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Hiswallpaintinghasaspecialtheme,portrayedbydoves(鴿子).Aswellashisanti-warstandpoint,heisdoingsomethingmeaningful.TomisafoundingmemberofatreeplantingprojectcalledTreesPlease.(他的壁畫有一個特別的主題，畫的是鴿子。除了他的反戰(zhàn)立場，他還在做一些有意義的事情。湯姆是植樹項目“請植樹”的創(chuàng)始成員。)”可知，湯姆是一個熱愛和平同時也致力于保護環(huán)境的人，所以文章第二段主要告訴我們的是他對和平和保護環(huán)境的熱愛。故選D項。6．【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Healsosingsandhasanonlinechannelfeaturinghissongs,whichareveryimprovised(即興的).Allthiscreativityisalifelineforhim,whobelievesthatartisanecessityratherthanaluxury.(他還唱歌，并有一個在線頻道專門播放他即興創(chuàng)作的歌曲。所有這些創(chuàng)意都是他的生命線，他認為藝術是必需品而不是奢侈品。)”可知，湯姆能即興創(chuàng)作歌曲，這些歌曲體現(xiàn)了他的創(chuàng)意，可得出從湯姆即興創(chuàng)作的歌曲中可以了解到他的創(chuàng)作天賦。故選A項。7．【解析】推理判斷題?？v觀全文，文章主要講的是藝術家湯姆以及他的多元化的藝術畫展，以及他通過畫展表達對于和平的熱愛和通過自己的行動來保護環(huán)境的熱情，所以文章最有可能出現(xiàn)在人物專欄里面。故選C項。CHumanshavelongknownthatbeinginnatureisgoodforthemindandbody.Fromindigenous(本土的)adolescentscompletingtheadultceremonyinthewildtomodernEastAsianculturestaking“forestbaths”,manyhavelookedtonatureasaplaceforhealingandpersonalgrowth.Butthequestionstillremains.Howcannaturemakeit?Thereisnodoubtthatbeinginnaturereducesthephysiologicalsymptomsofstressinourbodies.Whatthismeansisthatwearelesslikelytobeanxiousandfearfulinnature,andthereforewecanbemoreopentootherpeopleandcreativepatternsofthought.Also,natureoftenleadstoawe,wonderandrespect,alltheseemotionsfacilitatingeverythingfromphysicaltomentalhealth.Thereisalsosomeevidencethatexposuretonatureimpactsthebrain.Viewingnaturalbeautymakesspecificrewardcircuitsinthebrainassociatedwithdopaminerelease,achemicalthatgivesusasenseofpurpose,joyandenergytopursueourgoals.But,regrettably,peopleseemtobespendinglesstimeoutdoorsandlesstimeinnaturethanbefore.Itisalsoclearthat,inthepast30years,people’slevelsofstressandsenseof“busyness”haverisendramatically.ThesejointforceshaveledenvironmentalwriterRichardLouvtocointheterm“NatureDeficitDisorder”—aformofsufferingthatcomesfromasenseofdisconnectionfromnatureanditspowers.Perhapsweshouldtakenoteandtryacoursecorrective.The19thcenturyphilosopherRalphWaldoEmersononcewroteaboutnature,“ThereIfeelthatnothingcanbefallmeinlife—nodisgrace,nocalamity.”ThesciencespeakstoEmerson’sintuition.It’stimetorealizethatnatureismorethanjustamaterialresource.It’salsoapathwaytohumanhealthandhappiness.8.Whyare“indigenousadolescents”and“modernEastAsiancultures”mentionedinparagraph1?A.Toclarifyaviewpoint. B.Toanswerthequestionbelow.C.Topresentthenaturalscenery. D.Toshowtheculturaldifferences.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“facilitating”inparagraph2mean?A.Restricting. B.Exposing. C.Promoting. D.Covering.10.Whatisthetoneoftheauthorinwritingparagraph3?A.Uneasy. B.Indifferent. C.Humorous. D.Proud.11.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.IsItTimetoChallengeYourselfinNature?B.DoYouKnowNatureIsaMaterialResource?C.WhyDoWeCareabouttheNaturalEnvironment?D.WhatCanHappenWhenWeConnectwithNature?【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了接觸大自然的好處：促進身心健康?！敬鸢浮?.A9.C10.A11.D8．【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Humanshavelongknownthatbeinginnatureisgoodforthemindandbody.Fromindigenous(本土的)adolescentscompletingtheadultceremonyinthewildtomodernEastAsianculturestaking“forestbaths”,manyhavelookedtonatureasaplaceforhealingandpersonalgrowth.Butthequestionstillremains.Howcannaturemakeit?”（人類早就知道身處大自然對身心都有好處。從在野外完成成人儀式的土著青少年到現(xiàn)代東亞文化中的“森林浴”，許多人都將大自然視為治愈和個人成長的地方。但問題依然存在。大自然是怎么做到的呢？）可推知，作者提及土著青少年和現(xiàn)代東亞文化是為了闡明一個觀點：置身大自然對身心都有好處。故選A項。9．【解析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段中“Thereisnodoubtthatbeinginnaturereducesthephysiologicalsymptomsofstressinourbodies.”（毫無疑問，在大自然中可以減少我們身體中壓力的生理癥狀。）以及“Thereisalsosomeevidencethatexposuretonatureimpactsthebrain.”（還有一些證據(jù)表明，接觸大自然會影響大腦。）由此可知，此處為大自然常常讓人敬畏、驚嘆和尊重，所有這些情感都有助于從身體到心理健康的一切。故可猜測劃線單詞facilitating為“促進”的意思，結(jié)合選項C項Promoting“促進”意思一致。故選C項。10．【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“But,regrettably,peopleseemtobespendinglesstimeoutdoorsandlesstimeinnaturethanbefore.Itisalsoclearthat,inthepast30years,people’slevelsofstressandsenseof“busyness”haverisendramatically.ThesejointforceshaveledenvironmentalwriterRichardLouvtocointheterm“NatureDeficitDisorder”—aformofsufferingthatcomesfromasenseofdisconnectionfromnatureanditspowers.”（但是，令人遺憾的是，人們花在戶外和大自然中的時間似乎比以前少了。同樣明顯的是，在過去的30年里，人們的壓力水平和“忙碌”感急劇上升。這些共同的力量使得環(huán)境作家RichardLouv創(chuàng)造了“自然缺失癥”這個術語——一種來自于與自然及其力量脫節(jié)的痛苦。）可推知，作者寫第三段的語氣是不安的，對此感到很擔憂，regrettably也是答案的提示詞。故選A項。11．【解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章大意以及第一段中“Fromindigenous(本土的)adolescentscompletingtheadultceremonyinthewildtomodernEastAsianculturestaking“forestbaths”,manyhavelookedtonatureasaplaceforhealingandpersonalgrowth.Butthequestionstillremains.Howcannaturemakeit?”（從在野外完成成人儀式的土著青少年到現(xiàn)代東亞文化中的“森林浴”，許多人都將大自然視為治愈和個人成長的地方。但問題依然存在。大自然是怎么做到的呢？）可知，文章介紹了接觸大自然的好處：促進身心健康。因此可知，“當我們與自然聯(lián)系時，會發(fā)生什么？”為最佳標題。故選D項。DNashequilibrium(納什均衡)isnamedafterJohnNash,anAmericanmathematician.Itisakindofconcept,whichattemptstodeterminemathematicallyandlogicallytheactionsthatparticipantsofagameshouldtaketosecurethebestoutcomesforthemselves.Tofinditinagame,onewouldhavetomodelouteachofthepossiblescenariostodeterminetheresultsandthenchoosewhatthemostsatisfactorystrategywouldbe.Inatwo-persongame,thiswouldtakeintoconsiderationthepossiblestrategiesthatbothplayerscouldchoose.Ifneitherplayerchangestheirstrategyknowingalloftheinformation,aNashequilibriumhasoccurred.ImagineagamebetweenTomandSam.Inthissimplegame,bothplayerscanchoosestrategyAtoreceive$1,orstrategyBtolose$1.Logically,bothplayerschoosestrategyAandreceiveapayoffof$l.IfyourevealedSam’sstrategytoTomandviceversa(反之亦然),youseethatnoplayer’schoiceisdifferentfromtheoriginalone.Knowingtheotherplayer’smovemeanslittleanddoesn’tchangeeitherplayer’sbehavior.OutcomeArepresentstheNashequilibrium.Nashequilibriumhelpsaplayerdeterminethebestpayoffinasituationbasedonnotonlytheirdecisionsbutalsothedecisionsofotherpartiesinvolved.Itcanalsobeusedinmanyaspectsoflife,fromeconomicstosocialbehavioralsciences,frombusinessstrategiestoahousesaleandsoon.Unlikedominantstrategy,Nashequilibriumdoesn’talwaysleadtothemostsatisfactoryoutcome.Inmostcases,suchasinwar,whetherthatisamilitarywarorabiddingwar,anindividualrarelyknowstheopponent’sstrategyorwhattheywanttheoutcometobe.Itjustmeansthatanindividualchoosesthebeststrategybasedontheinformationtheyhave.Nashequilibriumcanonlyoccurifaplayerchoosestoremainwiththeircurrentstrategyiftheyknowtheiropponent’sstrategy.Furthermore,inmultiplegamesplayedwiththesameopponents,itdoesnottakeintoconsiderationpastbehavior,whichoftenpredictsfuturebehavior.12.WhichkindofconceptdoesNashequilibriumbelongto?A.Gametheory.B.Secrecystrategies.C.Playerinformation.D.Participationqualifications.13.HowdoestheauthorexplainNashequilibrium?A.Byquotingsayings. B.Bydrawingaparallel.C.Bymakingcomparisons. D.Bygivinganillustration.14.Whatdoesparagraph4mainlytellusaboutNashequilibrium?A.Itselements. B.Itsdrawbacks.C.Itsapplications. D.Itsbackgrounds15.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetoNashequilibrium?A.Resistant. B.Objective.C.Confused. D.Curious.【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了納什均衡這一游戲理論。【答案】12.A13.D14.C15.B12．【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Itisakindofconcept,whichattemptstodeterminemathematicallyandlogicallytheactionsthatparticipantsofagameshouldtaketosecurethebestoutcomesforthemselves.(它是一種概念，它試圖從數(shù)學和邏輯上確定游戲參與者應該采取的行動，以確保自己獲得最佳結(jié)果)”可知，納什均衡是一種試圖從數(shù)學和邏輯上確定游戲參與者應該采取的行動，以確保自己獲得最佳結(jié)果的游戲理論。故選A項。13．【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“ImagineagamebetweenTomandSam.Inthissimplegame,bothplayerscanchoosestrategyAtoreceive$1,orstrategyBtolose$1.Logically,bothplayerschoosestrategyAandreceiveapayoffof$l.IfyourevealedSam’sstrategytoTomandviceversa(反之亦然),youseethatnoplayer’schoiceisdifferentfromtheoriginalone.Knowingtheotherplayer’smovemeanslittleanddoesn’tchangeeitherplayer’sbehavior.OutcomeArepresentstheNashequilibrium.(想象一下湯姆和薩姆之間的一場比賽。在這個簡單的游戲中，雙方玩家都可以選擇策略A獲得1美元，或者選擇策略B損失1美元。邏輯上，雙方都選擇策略A并獲得1美元的收益。如果你將Sam的策略透露給Tom，反之亦然，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)沒有玩家的選擇與最初的不同。知道其他玩家的移動并不意味著什么，也不會改變?nèi)魏瓮婕业男袨?。結(jié)果A代表納什均衡)”可推知，作者是通過列舉湯姆和薩姆之間比賽的例子來闡述納什均衡的。故選D項。14．【解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Nashequilibriumhelpsaplayerdeterminethebestpayoffinasituationbasedonnotonlytheirdecisionsbutalsothedecisionsofotherpartiesinvolved.Itcanalsobeusedinmanyaspectsoflife,fromeconomicstosocialbehavioralsciences,frombusinessstrategiestoahousesaleandsoon.(納什均衡幫助玩家在一種情況下確定最佳收益，這種情況不僅基于他們自己的決策，也基于其他參與方的決策。它也可以用于生活的許多方面，從經(jīng)濟學到社會行為科學，從商業(yè)策略到房屋銷售等等)”可知，第四段主要講的是納什均衡不僅能幫助玩家在一種情況獲得最佳收益，同時也可以運用到生活的許多方面，所以第四段主要講的是納什均衡的應用。故選C項。15．【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Nashequilibriumhelpsaplayerdeterminethebestpayoffinasituationbasedonnotonlytheirdecisionsbutalsothedecisionsofotherpartiesinvolved.(納什均衡幫助玩家在一種情況下確定最佳收益，這種情況不僅基于他們自己的決策，也基于其他參與方的決策)”以及最后一段第一句“Unlikedominantstrategy,Nashequilibriumdoesn’talwaysleadtothemostsatisfactoryoutcome.(與優(yōu)勢策略不同，納什均衡并不總是導致最令人滿意的結(jié)果)”以及“Nashequilibriumcanonlyoccurifaplayerchoosestoremainwiththeircurrentstrategyiftheyknowtheiropponent’sstrategy.Furthermore,inmultiplegamesplayedwiththesameopponents,itdoesnottakeintoconsiderationpastbehavior,whichoftenpredictsfuturebehavior.(納什均衡只有在玩家知道對手的策略后選擇保持當前策略時才會出現(xiàn)。此外，在與相同對手進行的多場比賽中，它不會考慮過去的行為，而過去的行為通常可以預測未來的行為)”可知，作者在文章中既講到了納什均衡的優(yōu)點同時也指出了它的局限性。由此推知，作者對于納什均衡這一理論的態(tài)度是客觀的。故選B項。第二節(jié)(共5小題：每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Haveyouheardofthegame“PintheTailontheDonkey”?___16___.Itcanprovidethehostwithanopportunitytogivetheguestssmallgifts.Theobjectofthegameistoplacethedonkey’stailascloseaspossibletotheplacewhereitshouldactuallybe.Typically,thewinnerofaroundwillreceiveasmallprize.___17___.Generally,youneedalargepictureofadonkeywithoutatailandpicturesofthedonkey’stail.You’llalsoneedablindfold.Besides.youneedtoprepareapinforeachtailsothatkidscanattachthetailstothedonkey.Whenyouchooseanareaforthegame,keepsecurityinmind.Sinceplayersmayheadoffincompletelywrongdirections,it’simportanttofindaratherlargearea.Theareahadbetterbeflat,withoutobjectslikebigstonesontheground.___18___.Herearethestepsofthegame.Oneatatime,blindfoldthekid.handhimthetailyou’velabeledforhim,andturnhimslowlyaroundatthestartingpoint.___19___.Allotherplayersshouldkeepoutoftheblindfoldedkid’swayashemakeshiswaytothewall.Thekidshouldwalkwithhisarmsoutstretchedandplacethetailassoonashetouchesthewall.___20___.Thengathereveryonetoexaminethepictureandidentifythewinner—theplayerwhohasmadethebestattempttopinthetailonthedonkeyintheproperposition.A.Now,thegameispopularworldwideB.Otherwise,kidsmayfalloverandgetinjuredC.Whentouchingthewall,thekidshouldstandstillD.It’sawesterngameprimarilyusedatpartiesforkidsE.Toplaythegame,youneedtopreparecertainobjectsF.RepeattheprocessuntilallthekidshavetakenturnsplayingitG.Pointhimaccuratelytowardsthewallwherethedonkeypictureisandstepback【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文，文章主要介紹了“PintheTailontheDonkey”這個游戲，包括需要的東西和玩游戲的步驟。【答案】16.D17.E18.B19.G20.F16．【解析】根據(jù)上文“Haveyouheardofthegame‘PintheTailontheDonkey’?(你聽說過‘PintheTailontheDonkey’這個游戲嗎？)”可知，空處應是介紹這個游戲，D項“這是一種西方游戲，主要用于孩子們的聚會”符合語境，故選D。17．【解析】根據(jù)下文“Generally,youneedalargepictureofadonkeywithoutatailandpicturesofthedonkey’stail.You’llalsoneedablindfold.Besides,youneedtoprepareapinforeachtailsothatkidscanattachthetailstothedonkey.(一般來說，你需要一張沒有尾巴的驢的大照片和驢尾巴的照片。你還需要一個眼罩。此外，你需要為每條尾巴準備一個別針，這樣孩子們就可以把尾巴固定在驢身上)”可知，本段主要講述玩游戲需要準備的東西，E項“要玩這個游戲，你需要準備特定的物品”符合語境，為本段主題句，故選E。18．【解析】上文“Theareahadbetterbeflat,withoutobjectslikebigstonesontheground.(這個地方最好是平坦的，地上不能有大石頭之類的東西)”提到玩游戲的場地最好平坦、沒有石頭，B項“否則，孩子們可能會摔倒受傷”說明上文的原因，符合語境，故選B。19．【解析】根據(jù)上文“Oneatatime,blindfoldthekid.handhimthetailyou’velabeledforhim,andturnhimslowlyaroundatthestartingpoint.(把你標記好的尾巴遞給他，在起點慢慢地把他轉(zhuǎn)過來)”和下文“Allotherplayersshouldkeepoutoftheblindfoldedkid’swayashemakeshiswaytothewall.(當這個蒙著眼睛的孩子向墻走去時，所有其他的球員都應該離他遠點)”可知，上文提到把孩子轉(zhuǎn)過來，下文提到這個孩子向墻的方向走去，故空處是說給孩子指明墻的方向，G項“把他準確地指向墻上驢的照片，然后退后一步”符合語境，故選G。20．【解析】上文“Thekidshouldwalkwithhisarmsoutstretchedandplacethetailassoonashetouchesthewall.(孩子走路時應該張開雙臂，一碰到墻就把尾巴放好)”提到孩子碰到墻就把尾巴放好，結(jié)合下文“Thengathereveryonetoexaminethepictureandidentifythewinner—theplayerwhohasmadethebestattempttopinthetailonthedonkeyintheproperposition.(然后召集所有人來檢查這張照片，并確定誰是獲勝者——誰在適當?shù)奈恢蒙显嚵俗畲蟮呐Π盐舶歪斣隗H身上)”可知，孩子把尾巴放在墻上就完成了游戲，等所有孩子都這樣完成了游戲再把所有人聚在一起看看誰是獲勝者，F(xiàn)項“重復這個過程，直到所有的孩子都輪流玩游戲”符合上下文邏輯關系，故選F。第三部分語言知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共20小題;每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Growingupinthe“CityofLakes”,Udaipur,India,mypassionandloveforanimalsgrewwitheachpassingday.Ioften___21___theharmofanimalsufferinginmyowncommunityandnearbyvillages.Myheart___22___,butbecauseIwasyoungandwithoutmeans,myactionswere___23___.Ilongedforthepowertomakeabigger___24___andwishedIcouldhelpeverysufferinganimalIsawalongtheroadside.AsImatured,Icouldnolongerstandidle,resigned(屈服的)toapassiverole.Idecidedto___25___theAnimalProtectionSocietyinUdaipur,anorganizationtoprotectandrescueanimals___26___.Presentingtheideaofananimal___27___organizationtomyfamilyprovedchallenging.Their___28___ofsupportmirroredanegativeattitudetowardsanimalsinoursociety.IrecallatimewhenIencounteredaninjureddogonthestreet,andinsteadofreceiving___29___,Iwasmetwithcriticism.Despitethesediscouragements,I___30___forward,withpositivityasmyguide.Isoughtinspirationfromotherswhohadexperience___31___inanimalprotection.Their___32___adviceguidedmethroughthemostdifficultdecisions.Slowlybutsurely,acompassionateteambeganto___33___,consistingofindividualswhosharedmydeterminedloveforanimals.VishalHiloriya,ourco-founder,emergedasapillar(支柱)of___34___,alongwithahostofotherswhoofferedfinancialaidandvolunteered___35___forourcause.Theirdedicationtransformedourdreamsinto___36___.Eachtimewerescueasickorinjuredanimal,thereisacelebrationinourhearts.Whenyousavealife,yoursoulfeelsso___37___.Iwishforatimewheneveryhumanbeingextendsempathy(共情)and___38___toalllivingbeings.Icallforeachpersontodeepentheir___39___toanimals,eachother,andeverylivingthing.Indoingso,wewill___40___andstrengthenourlovingexperienceonthisplanet.21.A.imagined B.believed C.witnessed D.considered22.A.ached B.sank C.beat D.moved23.A.apparent B.various C.ridiculous D.limited24.A.model B.difference C.decision D.list25.A.describe B.design C.establish D.find26.A.inneed B.athand C.withinreach D.onend27.A.product B.focus C.care D.rescue28.A.way B.lack C.style D.topic29.A.assistance B.arrangement C.destination D.comment30.A.looked B.brought C.continued D.pated31.A.appearing B.surviving C.living D.parking32.A.mass B.invaluable C.worthless D.legal33.A.takeeffect B.catchon C.takeshape D.makesense34.A.strength B.authority C.profit D.harmony35.A.motionlessly B.speechlessly C.carelessly D.tirelessly36.A.existence B.reality C.chance D.battle37.A.eager B.generous C.complete D.ordinary38.A.respect B.relief C.impact D.smile39.A.gratitude B.connection C.approach D.reaction40.A.widen B.narrow C.shorten D.deepen【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了年少時，作者目睹動物遭受痛苦的危害，作者很難過；在長大后，作者倡導建立動物保護協(xié)會來保護和救助有需要的動物，盡最大的能力幫助受苦的動物的過程?！敬鸢浮?1.C22.A23.D24.B25.C26.A27.D28.B29.A30.C31.D32.B33.C34.A35.D36.B37.C38.A39.B40.D21．【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在我自己的社區(qū)和附近的村莊，我經(jīng)常目睹動物遭受痛苦的危害。A.imagined想象；B.believed相信；C.witnessed見證；D.considered認為。根據(jù)后句“theharmofanimalsufferinginmyowncommunityandnearbyvillages.”和“Myheart_____,(我心痛)”可知，作者目睹動物遭受痛苦的危害，心很痛。故選C。22．【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我心痛。A.ached疼痛；B.sank沉沒；C.beat擊?。籇.moved感動。根據(jù)上句“Ioften_____theharmofanimalsufferinginmyowncommunityandnearbyvillages.(在我自己的社區(qū)和附近的村莊，我經(jīng)常目睹動物遭受痛苦的危害。)”可知，作者心很痛的原因是目睹動物遭受痛苦的危害。故選A。23．【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但因為我年輕又沒有經(jīng)濟來源，我的保護動物的行動受到了限制。A.apparent明顯的；B.various各種各樣的；C.ridiculous荒謬的；D.limited有限的。根據(jù)“butbecauseIwasyoungandwithoutmeans(但因為我年輕又沒有經(jīng)濟來源)”可知，作者的保護動物的行動受到了限制。故選D。24．【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我渴望有能力做出更大的改變，希望我能幫助每一個我在路邊看到的受苦的動物。A.model模型；B.difference不同；C.decision決定；D.list清單。根據(jù)本句“Ilongedforthepower(我渴望有能力)”和下句“wishedIcouldhelpeverysufferinganimalIsawalongtheroadside.(希望我能幫助每一個我在路邊看到的受苦的動物。)”可知，作者渴望有能力做出改變。故選B。25．【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我決定在烏代普爾建立動物保護協(xié)會，一個保護和救助有需要的動物的組織。A.describe描述；B.design設計；C.establish建立；D.find找到。根據(jù)本句“theAnimalProtectionSociety(動物保護協(xié)會)”可知，作者想建立動物保護協(xié)會。故選C。26．【解析】考查介詞短語辨析。句意見上題解析。A.inneed有需要的；B.athand近在手邊；C.withinreach觸手可及；D.onend連續(xù)不斷的。根據(jù)本句“protectandrescueanimals(保護和救助)”可知，是保護和救助有需要的動物。故選A。27．【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：向我的家人提出一個動物救援組織的想法是很有挑戰(zhàn)性的。A.product產(chǎn)品；B.focus焦點；C.care關心；D.rescue營救。根據(jù)本句“Idecidedto_____theAnimalProtectionSocietyinUdaipur,anorganizationtoprotectandrescueanimals_____.(我決定在烏代普爾建立動物保護協(xié)會，一個保護和救助有需要的動物的組織。)”可知，作者向家人提出一個動物救援組織的想法。故選D。28．【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們?nèi)狈χС址从沉宋覀兩鐣游锏南麡O態(tài)度。A.way方法；B.lack缺乏；C.style風格；D.topic主題。根據(jù)本句“mirroredanegativeattitudetowardsanimalsinoursociety(反映了我們社會對動物的消極態(tài)度)”可知，他們?nèi)狈χС址从沉宋覀兩鐣游锏南麡O態(tài)度。故選B。29．【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我記得有一次，我在街上遇到一只受傷的狗，我非但沒有得到幫助，反而遭到了批評。A.assistance援助；B.arrangement安排；C.destination目的地；D.comment評論。根據(jù)本句“Iwasmetwithcriticism(反而遭到了批評)”可知，作者并沒有得到幫助。故選A。30．【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管有這些挫折，我還是以積極的態(tài)度繼續(xù)前進。A.looked看；B.brought帶來；C.continued繼續(xù)；D.pated輕拍。根據(jù)本句“withpositivityasmyguide(以積極的態(tài)度)”可知，作者以積極的態(tài)度繼續(xù)的前進。故選C。31．【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我從其他有動物保護經(jīng)驗的人那里尋求靈感。A.appearing出現(xiàn)；B.surviving幸存；C.living生活；D.parking停車,保護。根據(jù)本句“fromotherswhohadexperience(從其他有動物保護經(jīng)驗的人)”可知，是保護動物的人那里尋求經(jīng)驗。故選D。32．【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他們寶貴的建議指導我做出了最困難的決定。A.mass大量的；B.invaluable無價的；C.worthless一文不值的；D.legal合法的。根據(jù)本句“guidedmethroughthemostdifficultdecisions(指導我做出了最困難的決定)”可知，他們寶貴的建議指導我做出了最困難的決定。故選B。33．【解析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：慢慢地，一個富有同情心的團隊開始形成，這個團隊由和我一樣熱愛動物的人組成。A.takeeffect生效；B.catchon流行起來；C.takeshape成形；D.makesense講得通，有意義。根據(jù)本句“consistingofindividualswhosharedmydeterminedloveforanimals.(由和我一樣熱愛動物的人組成)”可知，一個富有同情心的團隊開始形成。故選C。34．【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們的聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人維沙爾·希洛里亞(VishalHiloriya)與其他許多人為我們的事業(yè)提供了經(jīng)濟援助和不知疲倦的志愿者，成為了我們力量的支柱。A.strength長處，力量；B.authority專家，權威人士；C.profit利潤，盈利；D.harmony和睦。根據(jù)本句“alongwithahostofotherswhoofferedfinancialaidandvolunteered______forourcause(其他許多人為我們的事業(yè)提供了經(jīng)濟援助和不知疲倦的志愿者)”可知，我們的聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人與其他許多人為我們的事業(yè)提供了經(jīng)濟援助和不知疲倦的志愿者，成為了力量支柱。故選A。35．【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意見上題解析。A.motionlessly靜止的；不運動的；B.speechlessly啞口無言地；C.carelessly粗心地；D.tirelessly不屈不撓地。根據(jù)“volunteered(志愿者)”以及“forourcause(為我們的事業(yè))”可知，志愿者為我們的事業(yè)是不屈不撓的。故選D。36．【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們的奉獻使我們的夢想變成了現(xiàn)實。A.existence存在；B.reality現(xiàn)實；C.chance機會；D.battle斗爭。根據(jù)本句“dreams(夢想)”可知，他們的奉獻把夢想變?yōu)榱爽F(xiàn)實。故選B。37．【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當你拯救了一條生命，你的靈魂會感到如此完整。A.eager渴望的；B.generous慷慨的;C.complete完全的，徹底的；D.ordinary普通的，平常的。根據(jù)本句“Whenyousavealife(當你拯救了一條生命)”可知，當拯救了一條生命的時候，人的靈魂會感到非常的完整。故選C。38．【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我希望有一天，每個人都能同情和尊重所有的生物。A.respect尊重；B.relief寬慰，輕松；C.impact影響；D.smile笑。根據(jù)本句“empathy(共情)”以及“toalllivingbeings.(所有的生物)”可知，每個人都能同情和尊重所有的生物。故選A。39．【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我呼吁每個人都加深與動物、彼此以及所有生物的聯(lián)系。A.gratitude感謝；B.connection聯(lián)系；C.approach方法；D.reaction反應。根據(jù)后句“Indoingso,wewill_____andstrengthenourlovingexperienceonthisplanet.(這樣做，我們將加深和加強我們在這個星球上的愛的經(jīng)驗。)”可知，作者倡導大家加深與動物、彼此以及所有生物的聯(lián)系。故選B。40．【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這樣做，我們將加深和加強我們在這個星球上的愛的經(jīng)驗。A.widen使變寬；B.narrow使縮??；C.shorten縮短；D.deepen加深。根據(jù)上句“Icallforeachpersontodeepentheir______toanimals,eachother,andeverylivingthing.(我呼吁每個人都加深與動物、彼此以及所有生物的聯(lián)系)”可知，作者倡導大家加深與動物、彼此以及所有生物的聯(lián)系來加深和加強我們在這個星球上的愛的經(jīng)驗。故選D。第二節(jié)(共10小題：每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。InthemountainsofsouthwesternChina,widespreadkarst(喀斯特)landformshavegivenrisetonumerousnaturalcaves,___41___(offer)uniqueresources