Unit+1+Science+Fiction+單詞詞匯講解【知識(shí)精研+能力提升】高中英語(yǔ)人教版（2019）選擇性必修第四冊(cè)

Unit1ScienceFictionWordsandexpressions

testout

檢驗(yàn)；測(cè)試Theuniversitystudentswilltestoutthecomputerprogramforanybugs.tryout

setout(todosth.)

turnout

giveout

leaveout

carryout

workout

wearout

大學(xué)生們將對(duì)電腦程序進(jìn)行測(cè)試，看看有沒(méi)有漏洞。試用；測(cè)試；測(cè)驗(yàn)出發(fā)；開(kāi)始（做某事）證明是；結(jié)果是分發(fā)；用完省略；遺漏貫徹；執(zhí)行；實(shí)施計(jì)算出；解決；鍛煉

穿破；耗盡；使厭煩Heseemedmorelikeahumanthanamachine.morelike更像是；更接近bemorelikeA

thanB更像是A而不是B

社交機(jī)器人更像是一種陪伴，而不是工具。Socialrobotsaremorelikecompanionthantools.Clairethoughtitwasridiculousthatshewasbeingofferedsympathybyarobot.ridiculousadj.愚蠢的；荒謬的；荒唐的Itisridiculousthatwehavetowaitsixweekstoreceiveourgoods.我們得等六周才能收到貨物，這太荒謬了。look/soundridiculous看起來(lái)/聽(tīng)起來(lái)荒謬absurdadj.荒謬的；荒唐的Itisabsurdtodosth

...,butshegraduallyadmiredhiswisdomandintegrityandbegantotrusthim.integrityn.誠(chéng)實(shí)正直；完整；完好Theysaidthegreatestvirtuesinapersonwereintegrity,correctnessandhonesty.他們說(shuō)一個(gè)人最重要的美德就是正直、得體和誠(chéng)實(shí)。considersbamanofintegrity認(rèn)為某人是一個(gè)正直的人behavewithintegrity行為表現(xiàn)誠(chéng)實(shí)正直Healwaystreatedherwithdignity.dignityn.莊重；莊嚴(yán)；尊嚴(yán)Therealwinnierinsportsarethosewhoknowhowtopersevereandtobehavewithdignity--whethertheywinorloseagame.在體育運(yùn)動(dòng)上，真正的贏家是那些知道如何堅(jiān)持和表現(xiàn)得有尊嚴(yán)的人--無(wú)論他們?cè)诒荣愔惺勤A還是輸。maintaindignity不失尊嚴(yán)losedignity失去尊嚴(yán)m(xù)akeanappointmentwithsb和某人預(yù)約/約定keep/breakanappointment

守/違約

appointment

n.預(yù)約；約會(huì)；委任appointv.任命，委派appointsb.as../tobesth.

任命某人為...appointsb.todo委派某人做某事appointedadj.指定的；約定的1.Kate________________assecretarylastmonth.Nowsheismakingan______________withthemarketingmanager.(appoint)2.Ifyouareinvitedtodinner,youaresupposedtoarrivenolaterthanthe___________(appoint)time.3.Anewengineerwasappointed_________(deal)withtheproductsreturnedbycustomers.wasappointedappointmentappointedtodealAlthoughitwascompletelyinnocent,Clairefeltguilty.guiltyadj.內(nèi)疚的；有罪的；有過(guò)失的guiltn.內(nèi)疚；犯罪，過(guò)失Istillfeel__________(guilt)aboutwordsIsaidtomyfatherwhenIwasateenager.我仍然對(duì)自己十幾歲時(shí)對(duì)父親說(shuō)的話感到內(nèi)疚。beguiltyof......犯.....罪asenseofguilt內(nèi)疚感

innocencen.天真;單純;無(wú)罪innocentadj.天真無(wú)邪的;無(wú)辜的;無(wú)惡意的guiltyTheguestswouldbearrivingsoon,soClairedismissedTonyfortherestofthenight.dismissvt.讓?zhuān)橙耍╇x開(kāi)；解散；解雇；消除dismissaclass下課dismisssb.for...因...而解雇某人dismisssb.fromsb.’sjob從職位上解雇某人9.dismissvt.讓(某人)離開(kāi);解散;解雇;消除1)Iwassopleasedtohearthebellringandourteacherannounce,“Classisdismissed.”2)Hewasdismissedfromhisjobforincompetence.3)Thedoctor'sexplanationcannotdismisstheirdoubt.Sheheardhimdeclarethathedidnotwanttoleaveherthenextday.declarevt.表明；宣稱(chēng)；公布He

declaresthat

therewillbeanEnglishspeechcontestinourschoolthismonth.他宣布本月將在我們學(xué)校舉行英語(yǔ)演講比賽。Weshoulddeclarewaron

thefedualcustoms.我們應(yīng)該向封建習(xí)俗宣戰(zhàn)。declarationn.聲明；宣告UniversalDeclarationofHumanRights

《世界人權(quán)宣言》whereasconj.然而；但是；盡管while強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)比HeisaworkerwhileIamadoctor.他是工人，我是醫(yī)生。whereas強(qiáng)調(diào)相反Someofthestudiesshowpositiveresults,whereasothersdonot.有一些結(jié)果令人滿意，然而其它的則不然。(1)Itispresumedthat從句

“人們認(rèn)為...”(2)presuming/suppose/supposing/assuming/provided/providing+that句子…

“假如;假定”eg.1.Littleisknownoftheyoungestson;itispresumedthathediedyoung.2.Presuming/Supposing/Assuming/Provided/Providing

heisabsent,whatshallwedo?presumptionn.假設(shè)/定presumevt.&vi.

假設(shè)/假定;認(rèn)為presumingconj.假設(shè)Remember,evenworldchampionathlethespracticetheirskillonaconsistentbasis.ona…basis根據(jù)；以……的方式（基準(zhǔn)）onaweeklybasisonaregularbasis定期始終如一(的方式)onthebasisof/that...根據(jù)；在...的基礎(chǔ)上；基于Marketresearchersoftensegmentthepopulationonthebasisofageandsocialclass.TheybelieveifAIcanhandletaskslikecalcultatinganddrivingforus,wewillhavemoretimeforcreating,thinkin,and“beinghuman”.calculatevt.計(jì)算；核算；預(yù)測(cè)Mother’sdevotiontochildrencanhardly_______________(calculate).母親對(duì)孩子的關(guān)愛(ài)幾乎無(wú)法計(jì)算。calculatetheresult算出結(jié)果Itiscalculatedthat...據(jù)估算workout計(jì)算出；制定出figureout計(jì)算（數(shù)量或成本）calculationn.計(jì)算；估算becalculatedThebookrepresentsmanythemessuchasspaceexploration,aliencontact,AI,andthefutureofhumans.n.外星人（生物）；外國(guó)人adj.陌生的；外星的；外國(guó)的WhenIfirstwenttoAustralia,Ifoundtheyledalifethatistotallyalientome.對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)陌生prosandcons事物的利與弊；支持與反對(duì)advantagesanddisadvantagesstrengthsandweaknesses（be）superiorto(superior與to搭配構(gòu)成比較級(jí)，表示“比……更好”，不能用than。)Yourcellphoneissuperiortomineinquality.superiorityn.優(yōu)越性；優(yōu)勢(shì)；優(yōu)越感反義詞：inferioradj.次的；較差的；級(jí)別低的beinferiorto低于...;不如.....Insci-fistories,robotsoftenbecomesuperiorandtakeover.takeover占上風(fēng)；取而代之；接管；接手；

takeup 拿起；占據(jù)；開(kāi)始從事takeon

呈現(xiàn)；雇用；承擔(dān)takeoff 脫下；起飛；匆匆離開(kāi)；突然成功takein 吸收；理解；欺騙；收留takeadvantageof 利用

inactionn.無(wú)行動(dòng);不采取措施inactive

adj.不活動(dòng)的；不活躍的；惰性的actionn.行動(dòng)[U];

行為[C]

takeaction(s)todosth.

conflictn．矛盾；沖突

vt.沖突；抵觸inconflictwith與……有沖突comeintoconflictwith與……產(chǎn)生沖突conflictwith與……沖突或抵觸①Thetwocountrieshavebeen__conflictwitheachotherfordecades.②It'sobviousthatourinterestsconflict____yours.③Theycame____conflictwiththelocalvillagersbecauseofaheatedquarrel.④Foronething,readingaboutfashioncanmakeourlivesmorecolourful.Foranother,fashionisanessentialpartofourliveswhich_________________________________．一方面，閱讀時(shí)尚書(shū)籍可以使我們的生活更加豐富多彩。另一方面，時(shí)尚是我們生活中很重要的一部分，這和我們的學(xué)習(xí)并不沖突。inwithinto練習(xí)doesn'tconflictwithourstudiesfetchvt.

(去)拿來(lái);(去)請(qǐng)來(lái)

bringv.

帶來(lái)

takev.

帶走

turnout關(guān)掉；熄滅；在場(chǎng)；使朝外；結(jié)果是

eg.(1)Pleaseturnoutthelightswhenyouleavetheroom.

(2)Thewholevillageturnedouttowelcomethehero.

turnout+adj./tobe.../that從句

結(jié)果是；證明是eg.Hegothisfirstbookpublished.Itturnedout(tobe)abestseller.他的第一本書(shū)出版了，結(jié)果成了暢銷(xiāo)書(shū)。

你離開(kāi)房間時(shí)，請(qǐng)把燈關(guān)掉。全村人都出來(lái)歡迎這位英雄。Fetchmeaglassofwater.去給我拿杯水來(lái)。fetchsbsth/fetchsthforsb為...拿來(lái)某物fallover倒下；摔倒；被……絆倒falldown跌倒falloff從……摔下(其后直接跟賓語(yǔ))fallbehind落后；落在……后面fallinlovewith(sb/sp)愛(ài)上(某人/某地)fallaway(逐漸)減少；消失①Whensomefell_______,otherswouldcomeandofferhelp.②Hissupportersfell____ashispopularitydeclined.③Butinwinter,whenleavesfall___trees,theyalsoflyaway.④Manyforeigntourists__________________________________theypayavisittothisgreatcountry.很多外國(guó)游客在第一次訪問(wèn)中國(guó)這個(gè)偉大的國(guó)家時(shí)，就愛(ài)上了它。behind

away

offfallinlovewithChinathefirsttime練習(xí)puffn.

(煙、氣等的)一縷；少量[C];泡芙[C];喘息[U]；

1.一縷煙;一股風(fēng);一陣微風(fēng)

2.山坡陡峭，我很快就氣喘吁吁了。單詞短語(yǔ)apuffofsmoke/wind/breezeThehillwasverysteepandIsoonranoutofpuff.urgen.強(qiáng)烈的欲望;沖動(dòng)vt.催促;力勸;大力推薦urgentadj.緊急的;迫切的have/feelanurgetodostb.有強(qiáng)烈的欲望做某事urgesb.todosth.

催促某人做某事urgethat...（should）dosth.極力主張/強(qiáng)調(diào)……做某事Itisurgedthat.(should)dosth.極力主張/強(qiáng)調(diào)……做某事例句：AlthoughIhadanurgetobuyabike,mysenseofresponsibilityurgedmetohurryhome/urgedthatI(should)hurryhometohandinmyhard-earnedmoneytomyparents.①Thestudenthasanurge_________(study)harderandgetgoodgrades.②Imakean_______(urge)appealthatmeasuresshouldbetakentocopewitht