2020.11密云高三期中英語試題

密云區(qū)20202021學(xué)年第一學(xué)期期中試題高三英語試卷2020.11考生須知1、本試卷滿分100分。2、本試卷考試時(shí)間90分鐘。3、在本試卷答題紙上認(rèn)真填寫考生信息。第一部分：知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，25分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共10小題；每小題1分，共10分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑?！癑ustsignhere,sir,”thedeliverymansaidashehandedOscarReynaapackage.Thepackageconsistedofalong,narrowboxcarefullywrappedinbrownpaper.1thebox,Oscarsawanumbrellainside—averyoldonewithabeautifullycarvedwoodenhandle.Althoughhehadnotseenitinmorethan20years,herecognizedit2.Oscarwas16whenhefirstsawtheunusualumbrella.Hehadgonetoaconcertwithhisgrandparents.Astheywereleaving,henoticedanumbrellaonanemptyseat,impressedbyits3,Oscarfeltastrongdesiretofinditsowner.Oscar4themanagertolookintherecordofadvanceticketsales.Justashethought,aname5theseatwhereOscarhadfoundtheumbrella.ThenamewasMrs.KatieO’Brien.OscartalkedhisgrandparentsintogoingbyMrs.O’Brien’s6ontheirwayhome.Herangthebell,thedooropened,andanelderlywomanappeared.“MayIhelpyou?”sheasked.“I’dliketoreturnitifit’syours,”O(jiān)scarsaid,holdingouttheumbrellaasifpresentinga7thathadlongbeenwishedfor.“Why,yes!It’smine,”repliedMrs.O’Brienwithawidesmileandshiningeyes.“Itwasgiventomebymyfatheryearsago.Thankyousomuchforreturningit.MayIofferyouarewardforyour8?”“No,ma’am,”hesaid,“Mygrandmothersaysthatagooddeedisitsownreward.”“Well,that’s9whatmyfatherusedtosay.Whatisyourname,youngman?”YearslaterOscarwasstaringatthefinelycarvedhandleoftheumbrellaasherememberedMrs.O’Brien.Itwasinperfectcondition,consideringhowolditwas.Whyhaditarrivedheretoday?Asifinanswer,anotefellfromthepaper.Itreads:Mrs.O’Brienwantedto10thisumbrellaasapresentforakind,unselfishgesturelongago.A.Opening B.Closing C.Touching D.Searching2. A.clearly B.fully C.immediately D.suddenly3.A.history B.shape C.length D.beauty4. A.encouraged B.convinced C.forced D.advised5.A.calledB.matchedC.writtenD.taken6.A.family B.theater C.house D.neighborhood7. A.chance B.fact C.result D.gift8. A.kindness B.patience C.courage D.determination9. A.obviously B.naturally C.exactly D.probably10. A.possess B.accept C.refuse D.value第二節(jié)語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。ATheinterestingpartofabookisstoredinyourmindasaseed.Nowthisseedisunknowinglyusedbyyouinyourfuturetodevelopnewideas.Thesameseedif11(use)manytimes,canhelpyoulinkandrelatealotofthings,ofwhichyouwouldneverhavethoughtofinyourwildestdreams!Thisisnothingbutcreativity.Thelargernumberofbooksyouread,thebroader12(you)mindwillbel.Alsothisimprovesyourspeakingskillstoalargeextentandalsomakesasignificantcontributiontoyourvocabulary.WithinnotimecanyoustartspeakingEnglishoranylanguage13(fluent)withyourfriendsorotherpeopleandyouneverseemtorunoutoftherightwordsattherighttime.BOurschoolorganizedustowatchtheliveshowofthe60thAnniversaryofMiyunReservoiryesterday,throughwhichIlearnedaboutitshistory,thelocalpeople’scontributionintheprocess.MiyunReservoirwasbuilt60yearsago14(solve)thefloodinChaobaiRiverandprovidesufficientwatersupplyforBeijing.Atthattime,therewasnomodernequipmentandthereservoirwasbuilt15handsandwheelbarrows.200,000workersandsoldiersworkedhardandsweatedintheplace.InordertomakeroomfortheconstructionofMiyunReservoir,morethan60,000localresidents16(leave)theplaceswheretheyhadstayedforgenerations.AsamemberinMiyun,Idecidetovolunteerinallkindsof17(activity)ofbuildingmyhometownmorebeautiful.CAwarningsystemtopreventpeoplefromfallingasleepwhiledrivingwasintroducedatthe2020ChinaInternationalFairforTradeinServices,18washeldfromSeptember4to9inBeijing.Itcanjudgewhetherthedriverisdrowsy(昏昏欲睡的)bymonitoringhowlongthedriver’seyescloseorifhisorherheaddrops.Ifthedriverentersastateoftiredness,thesystem19(sound)analarmuntilthedrivers’eyesreopenandheorshestartstoblinkatanormalfrequency.Inthefuture,otherdangerousdrivingbehaviors,suchasnotwearingaseatbeltandmakingphonecallswhile20(drive),mightalsobeaddedintothiswarningsystem.第二部分：閱讀理解（共三節(jié)，55分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，共30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AAgadgetwhichmakeswateroutofaircouldbeethegreatesthouseholdinventionsincethemicrowave.Usingthesametechnologyasa

dehumidifier(除濕器),theWaterMillisabletocreateareadysupplyofdrinkingwaterbecauseitcanalwaysget

it

fromanunlimitedsource—theair.Thepanybehindthemachinesaysnotonlydoesitofferanalternativetobottledwaterindevelopedcountries,butitisasolutionforthemillionswhofaceadailywatershortage.Themachineworksbydrawinginwetairthrougha

filter(過濾器)andoveracoolinginstrumentwhichchangesitintowaterdroplets.Itcanproduceupto12litersaday.TheWaterMillwillalsoproducemorewaterwhenstormspassover,astheamountofwaterwhichiscontainedintheairincreases.Inkeepingwithitsecodevelopment,themachineusesthesameamountofelectricityasthreelights.InventorJonathanRitcheysaid:“Thedemandforwaterisoffthechart.Sopeoplearelookingforfreedomfromwaterdistributionsystemsthatareshakyandunreliable.”Themachine,whichisabout3feetwide,islikelytocost￡800whenitgoesonsalehereinthespring.Itsmaker,CanadianFirmElementFour,roughlycalculatesthataliterofwatercostsaround20ptoproduce.Environmentalistsstatethathalftheworld’spopulationwillfacewatershortagebecauseofclimatechangeby2080.Oneinfiveissaidtolackaccesstosafedrinking.TheWaterMillisnoteffectiveinareaswheretheamountofwatercontainedintheairisbelowabout30percent,butinBritainthatwon’tbemuchofaproblem.21.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph2referto?A.WaterMill.B.Invention.C.Microwave.D.Drinkingwater.22.Whatdowelearnaboutthemachine?A.Itabsorbssteamandturnsitintowater.B.Itisveryexpensiveforfamiliestoafford.C.Itworksinthesamewayasmicrowaves.D.Ithelpstomakethewatercleantodrink.23.What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.ANewWaytoSolveWaterProblem.B.ADehumidifiertoProduceWater.C.AMachinetoMakeWateroutofAir.D.AnAbsolutelyNewInvention.BBarditchHighSchooldecidedtohaveanAllSchoolReunion.Over450peoplecametotheevent.ThereweretoursoftheoldschoolbuildingandapicnicatConfederatePark.Severalformerteacherswereonhandstotellstoriesabouttheolddays.Ms.MabelYates,theEnglishteacherforfiftyyears,waswheeledtothepark.Someeyesrolledandtherewereafewlowgroans(嘟囔聲)whenMs.Yateswasabouttospeak.Manystartedlookingattheirwatchesandingupwithexcusestobeanywhereinsteadofpreparingtolistentoalecturefromanoldwomanwhohadfewkindwordsforherstudentsandmadethemworkharderthanalltheotherteachersbined.ThenMs.Yatesstartedtospeak:“Ican’ttellyouhowpleasedIamtobehere.Ihaven’tseenmanyofyousinceyourgraduation,butIhavefollowedyourcareersandenjoyedyourvictoriesaswellascryingforyourtragedies.Ihavealargecollectionofnewspaperphotographsofmystudents.AlthoughIhaven’tappearedinperson,Ihaveattendedyourcollegegraduations,weddingsandeventhebirthofyourchildren,inmyimagination.”Ms.Yatespausedandstartedcryingabit.Thenshecontinued:“ItwasmybeliefthatifIpushedyouashardasIcould,someofyouwouldsucceedtopleasemeandotherswouldsucceedtoannoyme.Regardlessofourmotives,Icanseethatyouhaveallbeensuccessfulinyourchosenpath.”“Thereisnogreaterfortforaneducatorthantoseetheendresultofhisorheryearsofwork.YouhaveallbeenagreatsourceofpleasureandprideformeandIwantyoutoknowIloveyouallfromthebottomofmyheart.”Therewasasilenceoverthecrowdforafewsecondsandthensomeonestartedclapping.Theclappingturnedintocheering,thenintoadeafeningroar(呼喊).Lawyers,truckdrivers,bankersandmodelswererubbingtheireyesorcryingopenlywithnoshameallbecauseofthewordsfromalongforgottenEnglishteacherfromtheirhometown.24.Whatactivitywasorganizedfortheschoolreunion? A.Tellingstoriesaboutpastevents. B.Apicnicontheschoolplayground. C.Sightseeinginthepark. D.Graduates’reportsintheoldbuilding.25.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph2? A.SomegraduatesweretoobusytolistentoMs.Yates’speech. B.Somepeoplegottiredfromthereunionactivities. C.ManygraduatesdislikedMs.Yates’waysofteaching. D.Mostpeoplehadlittleinterestinthereunion.26.WecanlearnfromMs.Yates’speechthatshe_________. A.wenttoherstudents’weddingceremoniesB.gaveherstudentsadviceontheircareers C.attendedherstudents’collegegraduationsD.kepttrackofherstudents’progress.27.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeMs.Yates? A.Reliableanddevoted.B.Strictbutcaring.C.Proudbutpatient.D.Toughandgenerous.CInarecentannouncement,HarvardandtheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology（MIT）saidthattheyhavejoinedforcestoofferfreeonlinecoursesinanefforttoattractmillionsofonlinelearnersworldwide.Beginningthisfall,anumberofcoursesdevelopedbyteachersatbothuniversitieswillbeofferedonlinethroughanew$60millionprogram,knownasedX.“AnyonewithanInternetconnectionanywhereintheworldcanuseouronlinecourses,”HarvardPresidentDrewFaustsaidduringameetingtoannouncetheplan.MIThasofferedaprogramcalledOpenCourseWarefortenyearsthatmakesmaterialsfrommorethan2,000classesfreeonline.Ithasbeenusedbymorethan100millionpeople.InDecember,theschoolannounceditalsowouldbeginofferingaspecialcertificate,knownasMITx,forpeoplewhopletecertainonlinecourses.Harvardhaslongofferedcoursestoawiderpopulationthroughasimilarprogram.TheMITxwillserveasthefoundationforthenewlearningplatform.MITPresidentSusanHockfieldsaidmorethan120,000peoplesignedupforthefirstMITxcourse.ShesaidHarvardandMIThopeotheruniversitieswilljointheminofferingcoursesontheopensourceedXplatform.“Fastenyourseatbelts,”Hockfieldsaid.Otheruniversities,includingStanford,YaleandCarnegieMellon,havebeenexperimentingwithteachingtoaglobalpopulationonline.TheHarvardMITprogramwillbemonitoredbyanotforprofit（非盈利的）organizationbasedinCambridge,tobeownedequallybythetwouniversities.BothMITandHarvardhaveprovided$30milliontostarttheprogram.TheyalsoplantousetheedXplatformtoresearchhowstudentslearnandwhichteachingmethodsandtoolsaremostsuccessful.28.Accordingtothistext,edXis_______.A.aHarvardMITplatformoffreeonlinecoursesB.apartofthefreeMITOpenCourseWareC.afreeputerprogrambyMITandHarvardD.afreeprogramonlineforuniversitiesworldwide29.Whatissaidaboutonlineeducationinthetext?A.About2,000onlinecourseshavebeenoffered.B.Universitieshavebeentryingonlinecourses.C.Over100millionpeoplehavefinishedcoursesonline.D.StanfordandYaletogetherhavecoursessimilartoedX.30.Theunderlinedpartinthetextprobablymeans“”.A.GetreadyforthedifficultiesB.GetpreparedtopletetheonlinecoursesC.GetreadyforthiseducationalchangeD.GetpreparedtomakematerialsfortheedXcourses31.WhatcanbesaidaboutMITxaccordingtothetext?A.ItisfirstofferedaspartoftheedXlearningprogram.B.ItisanotherfreeMITHarvardonlinelearningprogram.C.ItisanewkindoffreeonlinecourseofHarvardandMIT.D.Itisastandardtorecognizeonlinelearners’achievement.DWhyshouldmankindexplorespace?Whyshouldmoney,timeandeffortbespentexploringandresearchingsomethingwithsofewapparentbenefits?WhyshouldresourcesbespentonspaceratherthanonconditionsandpeopleonEarth?Thesearequestionsthat,understandably,areveryoftenasked.

Perhapsthebestanswerliesinourgeneticmakeupashumanbeings.Whatdroveourancestorstomovefromthetreesintotheplains,andonintoallpossibleareasandenvironments?Thewiderthespreadofaspecies,thebetteritschanceofsurvival.Perhapsthebestreasonforexploringspaceisthisgenetictendencytoexpandwhereverpossible.Nearlyeverysuccessfulcivilizationhasexplored,becausebydoingso,anydangersinsurroundingareascanbeidentifiedandpreparedfor.Withoutknowledge,wemaybepletelydestroyedbythedanger.Withknowledge,wecanlessenitseffects.

Explorationalsoallowsmineralsandotherpotentialresourcestobefound.Evenifwehavenoimmediateneedofthem,theywillperhapsbeusefullater.Resourcesmaybemorethanphysicalpossessions.Knowledgeortechniqueshavebeenacquiredthroughexploration.Thetechniquesmayhavemedicalapplicationswhichcanimprovethelengthorqualityofourlives.Wehavealreadybenefitedfromotherspinoffsincludingimprovementsinearthquakeprediction,insatellitesforweatherforecastingandinmunicationssystems.Evennonstickpansandmirroredsunglassesarebyproducts(副產(chǎn)品)

oftechnologicaldevelopmentsinthespaceindustry.Whilemanyresourcesarespentonwhatseemsasmallreturn,theexplorationofspaceallowscreative,braveandintelligentmembersofourspeciestofocusonwhatmayservetosaveus.Whilespacemayholdmanywondersandexplanationsofhowtheuniversewasformedorhowitworks,italsoholdsdangers.Thedangerexists,butknowledgecanhelphumanbeingtosurvive.Withouttheabilitytoreachoutacrossspace,thechancetosaveourselvesmightnotexist.WhileEarthistheonlyplanetknowntosupportlife,surelytheadaptiveabilityofhumanswouldallowustoliveonotherplanets.Itistruethatthelifestylewouldbedifferent,buthumanlifeandcultureshaveadaptedinthepastandsurelycouldinthefuture.32.WhydoestheauthormentionthequestionsinParagraph1?

A.Toexpresshisdoubts.B.Toparedifferentideas.

C.TodescribetheconditionsonEarth.D.Tointroducepointsfordiscussion.33.WhatisthereasonforexploringspacebasedonParagraph2?

A.Humanshavethetendencytofight.B.Humansarenatureborntodoso.

C.Humansmayfindnewsourcesoffood.D.Humansdon’tliketostayinthesameplace.34.Whatmakesitpossibleforhumanstoliveonotherplanets?

A.

Theadaptiveabilityofhumans.

B.Resourcesontheearth.

C.Ourgeneticmakeup.

D.Byproductsinspaceexploration.35.Whichofthestatementscanbestsumupthepassage?

A.Spaceexplorationhascreatedmanywonders.

B.Spaceexplorationprovidedthebestvalueformoney.

C.SpaceexplorationmayhelpusavoidpotentialproblemsonEarth.D.Spaceexplorationmaybenefitscienceandtechnology.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。ClaustrophobiaClaustrophobia,orfearofenclosedspaces,isoneofthemostmonfears.Claustrophobiacanbedeepfearorevenpanicasaresultofbeinginasmallspace.Claustrophobiacandevelopafteratroublingchildhoodexperience(suchasbeingtrappedinasmallspaceduringachildhoodgame),orfromanotherunpleasantexperiencelateroninliferelatedtosmallspaces(suchasbeingstuckinalift).36

Thisresponsethenbeesprogrammedinthebrain,makinganassociationbetweenbeinginatightspaceandfeelinganxiousoroutofcontrol.Asaresult,thepersonoftendevelopsclaustrophobia.AccordingtoMarkPowers,Ph.D.,AssociateProfessorofPsychologyatSouthernMethodistUniversity,“Claustrophobiaisaspecificfearandnotatypeofpanicdisorder.Theprimaryspecificdangerforecastsforclaustrophobiaarethateitherthepersonwillbetrappedorrunoutofair.”37

Claustrophobiasymptomscaninclude:sweating,acceleratedheartbeat,upsetstomach,passingout,lightheadedness,shaking,breathingproblem,etc.Somemonsituationscancauseanxietyinclaustrophobiasufferers.Theclaustrophobiasuffererwilllookforanexitwheninsidearoom,avoiddrivingonthehighwayormajorroadswherethereisheavytrafficwheninsideacar,avoidtakingliftswheninsideabuilding,orstandnearadoorwhenataparty.

38Claustrophobiacanhaveharmfulsocialandpsychologicaleffects,sincethepatientwilloftenavoidsituationsinwhichshethinksshewillhaveananxietyattack,leadingtohidingandsadness.39AccordingtoDr.Powers,“Exposuretreatment,aformofmindbehavioraltreatment,usuallyresultsinatotalreductioninanxietysymptomsifconductedproperly.”Floodingisatypeofexposuretreatmentinwhichthepersonisexposedtoasituationuntiltheanxietyattackpasses;alessextremeformofexposuretreatmentiscounterconditioning.Counterconditioningincludesbehaviortreatment,asthepersonistaughtvisualizationandrelaxationtechniquesbeforebeingslowlyreintroducedtothecausesituation.40

Medicationstohelptreatclaustrophobiaincludethingswhichhelptoeasetheheartpoundingoftenassociatedwithanxietyattacks.A.Thegoodnewsisthatclaustrophobiaisverytreatable.B.Thepastexperiencecantracebacktothemomentofbirth.C.Accordingtosomedoctors,claustrophobiaisworsethanthefearofheights.D.Whenapersonexperiencessuchanevent,itcanoftencauseafrighteningpanicattack.E.Inextremecases,theverysightofacloseddoorcanleadtofeelingsofanxietyinaperson.F.Treatmentforclaustrophobiacanalsoincludemedicationorabinationofseveraltreatments.G.Whenapersonwithclaustrophobiafindsherselfinarestrictedspace,herbodyrespondsincertainways.第三節(jié)（共5小題；每小題3分，共15分）閱讀下面短文和問題，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容和每小題后的具體要求，在答題卡相應(yīng)題號后的橫線上寫下相關(guān)信息，完成對該問題的回答。答語要意思清楚，結(jié)構(gòu)正確，書寫工整。Aseedexpertwhobroughthighqualityvegetableseedstomanycountries,wasawardedthe2019WorldFoodPrize.SimonGrootoftheNetherlandsiscreditedwithintroducinghighquality,diseaseresistancevegetableseedstomorethan60countriesincludingthePhilippines,ThailandandIndonesia.HebeganhissearchtocreatebettervegetableseedstohelpfarmersinSoutheastAsiain1981.Sixteenyearsearlier,hehadmadehisfirsttriptoIndonesia.There,GrootlearnedthatvegetableseedswhichweredevelopedfortheclimateofEurope,didpoorlywhenplantedinthehottropics.Hethoughttherewasagreatpossibilitytointroducehybridvegetablestothearea.Thearealackedvegetableseeddeveloperswhoweretryingtocreatehybridsforthelocalclimate.“Inoticedtheseedqualityinthatpartofworldwassomuchbelowourstandardsandbelowachievablestandards.Icouldnotstandthatthefarmerstheredidnothavebetterseeds.”SaidGroot.Atthattime,farmersinSoutheastAsiausuallysavedseedsfrom