內(nèi)蒙古呼和浩特市2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)英語(yǔ)試卷（含答案解析）

呼和浩特市2023--2024學(xué)年第一學(xué)期高二年級(jí)學(xué)業(yè)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)英語(yǔ)注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)、座位號(hào)涂寫在答題卡上。本試卷滿分150分，考試時(shí)長(zhǎng)120分鐘。2.作答時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無(wú)效。第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatisthewoman’sfavoritething?A.Thecap.B.Theskateboard.C.Thebike.2.HowmuchdothespeakershaveintotalforLisa’sbirthday?A.￡10.B.￡15.C.￡25.3.WhatisKatiadoingnow?A.Havingdinner.B.Playingtennis.C.Doingherhomework.4.Whydoesthemanrefusetogototheanimalpark?A.Hehasbeenthere.B.Hehaslittletimenow.C.Theweatherwillbebad.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Awebsite.B.Afamilytree.C.Ahistorylesson.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatdothespeakersstillneedtoget?A.Meat.B.Bread.C.Vegetables.7.Whatwillthespeakersdofirst?A.Tidytherooms.B.Preparethefood.C.Borrowsomechairs.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whattimeisitnow?A.11:30am.B.10:30am.C.12:30pm.9.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Neighbors.B.Workmates.C.Familymembers.10.Whatisthemangoingtodo?A.Eatout.B.Cookathome.C.Buyfoodonline.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whydothespeakersneedtomeet?A.Toplanaparty.B.TovisitJohn.C.Totalkaboutwork.12.WhatwillthewomandonextThursdayatsix?A.Meetafriend.B.Haveahaircut.C.Attendafamilydinner.13.Whoisthewomanprobably?A.Awriter.B.Adoctor.C.Ateacher.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Whatdoesthewomanlikeaboutherguitarlessons?A.Meetingnewpeople.B.Preparingforaconcert.C.Learninglotsofsongs.15.Wheredoesthewomanpractiseplayingtheguitar?A.Inthekitchen.B.Inherbedroom.C.Inthelivingroom.16.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofhermusicteacher?A.He’sfunny.B.He’sclever.C.He’sfriendly.17.Whatdothespeakersplantodotogether?A.Joinaband.B.Watchavideo.C.Playmusicataparty.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Wherewillthelistenersgolast?A.Theriver.B.Thehill.C.Theforest.19.Howdoesthespeakerwantthelistenerstodealwiththehorses?A.Ridingthem.B.Givingthemfood.C.Stayingawayfromthem.20.Whatwillthelistenersdonext?A.Catchbutterflies.B.Takepictures.C.Gohiking.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)閱讀（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AFourMostFamousPaintingsintheWorldTheStarryNightArtist:VincentWillemvanGoghWheretoseeit:theMuseumofModernArt(NewYork,US)Beingtreatedformentalillnessinhospitalandinspiredbytheviewfromthewindowofhisroom,VanGoghpaintedTheStarryNight.ThepaintingisfamousforVanGogh’screativeuseofthickbrushstrokes(筆畫).Thepainting’sstrikingbluesandyellowsandthedreamyatmospherehaveattractedartloversfordecades.TheScreamArtist:EdvardMunchWheretoseeit:theNationalMuseumandtheMunchMuseum(Oslo,Norway)TheScreamisnotasingleworkofart.AccordingtoaBritishmuseum’sblog,therearetwopaintings,twopastels(彩粉畫)andanumberofprints,ThepaintingsareintheNationalMuseumandtheMunchMuseum,andin2012,oneofthepastelswassoldforalmost120million.MonaLisaArtist:LeonardodaVinciWheretoseeit:theLouvreMuseum(Paris.France)Itshouldcomeasnosurprisethatoneofthemostfamouspaintingsintheworldisawomanwithamysterioussmile.ItistheearliestknownItalianpaintingtofocuscloselyonthesitterinahalf-lengthportrait(像),accordingtotheLouvre,whereitwasfirstexhibitedin1804.TheLastSupperArtist:LeonardodaVinciWheretoseeit:SantaMariadelleGrazie(Milan,Italy)Leonardoistheonlyartisttoappearonthislisttwice.TheLastSupperisaboutthelasttimeJesushaddinnerwithhisfollowers.Thepaintingisactuallyahugewallpainting-4.6metershighand8.8meterswide,whichmakesforamemorableviewingexperience.1.WhereisTheStarryNightexhibited?A.IntheLouvreMuseum.B.IntheMunchMuseum.C.IntheMuseumofModernArt.D.InSantaMariadelleGrazie.2.WhatisspecialaboutTheScream?A.Itisexhibitedinthreemuseums.B.Itincludesaseriesofworksofart.C.Itisfamousforasmileinthepainting.D.Itwaspaintedinamentalhospital.3.WhatdoMonaLisaandTheLastSupperhaveincommon?A.Theyfeaturereligiousfigures.B.Theybothbelongtowallpaintings.C.TheyareexhibitedintheNationalMuseum.D.TheywerepaintedbyLeonardodaVinci.【答案】1.C2.B3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了世界上最著名的四幅畫作?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheStarryNight部分的第二段“Wheretoseeit:theMuseumofModernArt(NewYork,US)(在哪里看：現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)博物館（美國(guó)紐約）)”可知，星夜可以在美國(guó)紐約的現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)博物館看到。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheScream部分的第三段“TheScreamisnotasingleworkofart.AccordingtoaBritishmuseum’sblog,therearetwopaintings,twopastelsandanumberofprints,ThepaintingsareintheNationalMuseumandtheMunchMuseum,andin2012,oneofthepastelswassoldforalmost120million.(尖叫不是一件藝術(shù)品。根據(jù)英國(guó)博物館的博客，有兩幅畫，兩幅彩粉畫和一些印刷品，這些畫在國(guó)家博物館和蒙克博物館，2012年，其中一幅粉彩以近1.2億美元的價(jià)格售出。)”可知，尖叫的特別之處在于，它不是一部作品，而是兩幅畫，兩幅粉彩畫等構(gòu)成的。故選B項(xiàng)。

【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MonaLisa部分的第一段Artist:LeonardodaVinci和TheLastSupper部分的第一段Artist:LeonardodaVinci可知，這兩幅作品的共同點(diǎn)在于作者相同，都是達(dá)·芬奇的畫作。故選D項(xiàng)。

B“Beautyisn'tabouthavingaprettyface,”beginsamotivationalquote.“It'sabouthavingaprettymind,aprettyheart,andaprettysoul.Oh,andprettynails!”ThatmaybeAngelaPeters'motto.LastJuly,Peters,rolledherwheelchairintoanailsalon(沙龍)attheWalmartshoppingcenterinBurtontohavehernailsdone.ButPeters,whohascerebralpalsy(腦癱),wasturnedaway.Thesalontoldherthattheywereafraiditwouldbetoodifficulttoproperlypainthernailsgiventhatherhandskeptshaking.WhatwasmeanttobeadayofbeautyforPeterswasnowadisappointment.AWalmartcashierabouttogoonherbreakhappenedtoseethis.EbonyHarrisrecognizedPetersasaWalmartregular.“She'sjustlikeeveryoneelse.Shewantstolookpretty.Sowhycan'tshe?”Harrissaid.HarrisapproachedPeters.“Doyouwantmetodoyournails?”sheasked.AsmilespreadacrossPeters'face.“Yeah!”HarrisledPetersintothesupermarket,wheretheyshoppedfornailpolish.Theysettledonacolorthatwouldcatcheveryeye.TheythenmadetheirwayintoaneighboringSubway,foundatablefortwo,andstarted.HarrisgentlytookPeters'handintohersandcarefullybeganpaintinghernails.“Shemovedherhandsalittlebit,andshekeptsayingshewassorry,”Harrissaid.“Itoldher,‘Don'tsaythat.You'refine.’ShemakesmelookatlifeandappreciateitmuchmorethanIhave.”WatchingitallwithsurpriseandadmirationwasSubwayemployeeTasiaSmith.SmithwassotakenbythescenethatshewroteaboutitonFacebook.“Shewassopatientwithher,”shewrote.“ThankstotheWalmartworkerformakingthisbeautifulgirl'sday!”4.Whydoestheauthormentionthequoteinthefirstparagraph?A.Tocomparedifferentviews. B.Tointroducethetopicofthepassage.C.Toshowtheimportanceofbeauty. D.Tosharehisopinionaboutbeauty.5.ThenailsalonrefusedPeters'requestbecause.A.shehadtouseawheelchair B.theyweretoobusytoserveherC.shecouldn'tkeepherhandsstill D.theyhadn'tthecolorshewanted6.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeHarris?A.Braveandgenerous. B.Carefulandfair-minded.C.Honestandconsiderate. D.Patientandwarm-hearted.7.WhatcanbeinferredaboutTasiaSmithfromthelastparagraph?A.ShethoughthighlyofHarris'behavior.B.Shewroteathank-youlettertoWalmart.C.SheregrettednotlendingPetersahelpinghand.D.ShemisunderstoodHarris'relationshipwithPeters.【答案】4.B5.C6.D7.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述患有腦癱的Peters，想要到沃爾瑪購(gòu)物中心的一家美甲沙龍里去做指甲，卻被拒之門外。因?yàn)榧膊〉脑?，她不能讓手靜止，當(dāng)時(shí)沃爾瑪正要休息的職員Harris看見(jiàn)了這一幕，熱心地幫助她做了美甲，讓她度過(guò)了美好的一天。【4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Beautyisn'tabouthavingaprettyface,”beginsamotivationalquote.“It'sabouthavingaprettymind,aprettyheart,andaprettysoul.Oh,andprettynails!”可知一段勵(lì)志名言開(kāi)頭是這樣說(shuō)的：“美麗并不意味著有一張漂亮的臉，還意味著漂亮的心靈和靈魂，哦，還有漂亮的指甲！”接著后文講述了患有腦癱的Peters，想要到沃爾瑪購(gòu)物中心的一家美甲沙龍里去做指甲，卻被拒之門外。因?yàn)榧膊〉脑?，她不能讓手靜止，當(dāng)時(shí)沃爾瑪正要休息的職員Harris看見(jiàn)了這一幕，熱心地幫助她做美甲這個(gè)故事。由此可推知，作者在文章首段引用那句關(guān)于美的名言是為了引出文章的主題。故選B。【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中Thesalontoldherthattheywereafraiditwouldbetoodifficulttoproperlypainthernailsgiventhatherhandskeptshaking.WhatwasmeanttobeadayofbeautyforPeterswasnowadisappointment.可知美容院告訴她，由于她的手一直在抖，他們擔(dān)心很難給她好好地涂指甲。對(duì)Peters來(lái)說(shuō)，這本來(lái)是一個(gè)美麗的日子，現(xiàn)在卻令人失望。由此可知，這家美甲店拒絕了Peters的美甲請(qǐng)求是因?yàn)镻eters的手一直抖個(gè)不停。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中EbonyHarrisrecognizedPetersasaWalmartregular.“She'sjustlikeeveryoneelse.Shewantstolookpretty.Sowhycan'tshe?”Harrissaid.(EbonyHarris承認(rèn)Peters是沃爾瑪?shù)某？汀！八推渌藳](méi)什么兩樣。她想看起來(lái)漂亮。為什么她不能做美甲呢？”Harris說(shuō))以及最后一段中“Shewassopatientwithher,”shewrote.“ThankstotheWalmartworkerformakingthisbeautifulgirl'sday!”(“她對(duì)她很有耐心，”她寫道。“感謝沃爾瑪?shù)墓ぷ魅藛T讓這個(gè)美麗的女生節(jié)變得如此美好!”)由此可推知，Harris幫助了被美甲店拒絕的Peters，答應(yīng)給她美甲，而且非常有耐心。Harris有一副熱心腸且非常有耐心。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Shewassopatientwithher,”shewrote.“ThankstotheWalmartworkerformakingthisbeautifulgirl'sday!”可知“她對(duì)她很有耐心，”她寫道?！案兄x沃爾瑪工作人員讓這個(gè)美麗的女孩度過(guò)了美好的一天!”由此可推知，TasiaSmith高度贊揚(yáng)了Harris的行為。故選A。CTreesareoneoftheoldest“citizens(公民)”ofourEarth.Theykeepourairclean,reducenoisepollution,improvewaterqualityandprovidefoodandbuildingmaterials.Justlikeus,treeschangealotastheygrow.At1to3yearsold,youngtreeslearnhowtoprotectthemselves.Forexample,manytreesgrowthorns(刺)towarnanimalsnottogonearMostyoungtreeshavelarge,deepgreenleavessothattheycancatchenoughsunlightandchangeitintotheirfoodandenergy.Whentreesare4yearsold,theybegintogrowveryrapidlyandbecomestrongenoughtofacechallengeslaterinlife.Attheageof15,treesbecomeyoungadults.Afterwards,theygrowmoreslowlyandbegintoproduceflowersandfruit.Itisnotuntilthetreeis20to25yearsoldthatitbecomesarealadult.Thetreereachesitslargestsize.Theadulttreegivesusshade,oxygenandnaturalbeauty;itisalsoagreatplaceforatreehouse,oraplaceforustoreadabook,listentomusicandsoon.Ifwegivetheadulttreepropercare,itwillgoontolivehealthilyformanyyears.Gradually,treesbegintogrowolderandolderandevendie.Atthistime,theystillhavetheirimportantplaceinnature.Whenatreebecomeshollow(空心的)orpartofitbecomesdead,itprovidesahometosmallanimalsandisasourceoffoodformanyotheranimals.Inmanyways,thelifeofatreeislikeourownlifeexperience.Whenwearelookingatthelifeofatree,welearnthateachperiodoflifebringsitsownformofjoyandchallenge.So,let’senjoyeveryminuteofourlifeandtakecareofitlikeplantingatree!8.Whenthetreesareveryyoung,someofthemgrowthornsto______.A.catchenoughsunlight B.protectthemselvesC.becomemorebeautiful D.producefoodandenergy.9.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaboutthegrowthofatree?A.Thetreeproducesflowersandfruitbeforetheageof15.B.Thetreebecomesayoungadultwhenitis20to25yearsold.C.Whenpartofatreebecomesdead,itstillplaysanimportantroleinnature.D.Theyoungadulttreeisagoodplaceforatreehouseandforustoreadabook,10.Whyshouldweenjoyeveryminuteofourlifeaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Becauseourlifeisbecomingbetterandbetter.B.Becausetreesgiveussomuchandmakeourworldbeautiful.C.Becausethelifeofatreeissimilartoourownlifeexperience.D.Becauseeachperiodoflifebringsitsownformofpleasureandchallenge.11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Thegrowthandlifeoftrees. B.DifferentkindsofTrees.CThemysteryofatree. D.Theadvantagestreescanbringus.【答案】8.B9.C10.D11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹的是樹(shù)木從小到大的生長(zhǎng)過(guò)程以及對(duì)人類的貢獻(xiàn)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“At1to3yearsold,youngtreeslearnhowtoprotectthemselves.Forexample,manytreesgrowthorns(刺)towarnanimalsnottogonear.(在1到3歲的時(shí)候，幼樹(shù)學(xué)會(huì)了如何保護(hù)自己。例如，許多樹(shù)木長(zhǎng)滿荊棘以警告動(dòng)物不要靠近。)”可知，很多樹(shù)長(zhǎng)刺是為了保護(hù)自己。故選B。【9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Whenatreebecomeshollow(空心)orpartofitbecomesdead,itprovidesahometosmallanimalsandisasourceoffoodformanyotheranimals.(當(dāng)一棵樹(shù)變成空心的或其中的一部分死亡時(shí)，它就為小動(dòng)物提供了一個(gè)家，也是許多其他動(dòng)物的食物來(lái)源。)”可知，雖然樹(shù)的一部分死亡了，但仍然可以起到給小動(dòng)物提供家和食物來(lái)源的作用。這句話是對(duì)上一句“Atthistime,theystillhavetheirimportantplaceinnature.(在這個(gè)時(shí)候，它們?cè)谧匀唤缰腥匀挥兄匾牡匚弧?”的具體闡述。故選C?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句“Whenwearelookingatthelifeofatree,weIearnthateachperiodoflifebringsitsownformofjoyandchallenge.(當(dāng)我們觀察一棵樹(shù)的生命時(shí)，我們了解到生命的每個(gè)階段，都會(huì)帶來(lái)各自的歡樂(lè)和挑戰(zhàn)。)”可知，我們應(yīng)該享受生命中的每一分鐘，是因?yàn)槲覀內(nèi)祟惿拿總€(gè)階段就像樹(shù)的每個(gè)生命階段一樣，會(huì)帶來(lái)各自的歡樂(lè)和挑戰(zhàn)。故選D?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。從文章主體部分各個(gè)段落“At1to3yearsold”、“Whentreesare4yearsold”、“untilthetreeis20to25yearsold”這些表示時(shí)間的短語(yǔ)和句子可知，這篇文章主要以時(shí)間順序講述了樹(shù)木從小到大的生長(zhǎng)過(guò)程，即樹(shù)的一生。故選A。DArtificialintelligenceissettobenefitmankindinmanyways.Itwillmakeeverydaytaskseasierandbringefficiencytovariousindustries.Itmightjustprovetobeoneofman’sgreatestinventions.Andyet,likeanyothertechnology,AIwillalsobringrisksanddangers.WhenpeoplementionthatAIcouldbedangerous,mostpeoplethinkofscenariosfrommoviesorbookswhereanAIprogramdecidestoeliminateorconquerallhumans.InFebruary2018,agroupofAIexpertsgottogethertodiscussthepotentialmisuseofAI.TheirmainconcernwasthatcriminalscoulduseAIforavarietyofevilpurposes.SomeonecanuseAItocreatewebsitesthatcouldbeusedtostealpeople’spersonalinformation.Anotherpotentialriskisfasterhacking—AIprogramscouldbetaughttofindloopholesinsoftwareandbreakintosecurecomputersystems.Someoftheriskswereasdramaticastheonesweseeinbooksandmovies.Forexample,theexpertsmentionedautomatedterrorism(自動(dòng)化的恐怖主義)byusingdronesorunmannedvehiclesasweapons.RemoteattacksusingsuchdevicescouldbemadeeasierthroughtheuseofAI.Andfinally,thereweresomeconcernsonthefactthatAIcanmimicvoicesaswell.LastyearUSfilmmakerJordanPeeleteamedupwithBuzzFeedwebsitetomakeamovieusingAItechniquestocopyformerUSpresidentBarackObama’svoice.They“had”himvoicehisopinionsonthe2017movieBlackPantherandcurrentUSPresidentDonaldTrump.WhileinChina,techgiantBaidu,hasalsodevelopedaprogramcalledDeepVoicethatcan“copy”anyone’svoicebyanalyzinga3.7-secondaudiosample.FamousBritishphysicistStephenHawkingeventhoughtAIcouldbetheworsteventinthehistoryofourcivilization.“Oncehumansdevelopartificialintelligence,itwilltakeoffandredesignitselfatanalarmingrate.Humanscouldn’tcompeteandwouldbesuperseded,hetoldtheBBC.However,Hawkingsuggested“IbelievewecancreateAIforthegoodoftheworld.Wesimplyneedtobeawareofthedangers,identifythem,employthebestpossiblepracticeandmanagement,andprepareforitsconsequenceswellinadvance.”Actually,AItechnologyismakinggreatprogressintermsofthethree-stagedevelopmentofartificialintelligence.ItisunlikelythatfullydevelopingAIwouldmakeithardformankindtosurvive.Afterall,withouthumanintelligence,AIcannotevendevelopitself,letalonereplacehumancivilization.12.Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingisNOTtheriskbroughtbyAI?A.AIcanbeusedtocreatewebsitestostealpeople’spersonalinformation.B.AIcanhelpcriminalstobreakintosecurecomputersystemswithoutpermission.C.AIcanbeusedbyterroriststocarryoutterroristattacks.D.AIcanbeusedtoclonehumans.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“mimic”inparagraph3mean?A.imitate B.disturbC.record D.change14.WhatcanweinferfromStephenHawking’swords?A.AIisthebestinventioninthehistoryofourcivilization.B.AIisnotasintelligentandcreativeashumans.C.AIcanidentifythedangersinadvance.D.AIwillbenefittheworldifundercarefulmanagement.15.Whichbestdescribestheauthor’sattitudetowardsthefutureofAI?A.Worried. B.Indifferent.C.Positive. D.Negative.【答案】12.D13.A14.D15.C【解析】【分析】本文為議論文。主要介紹了隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)的進(jìn)步，人工智能迎來(lái)了發(fā)展的機(jī)遇，同時(shí)也引發(fā)了越來(lái)越多的擔(dān)憂?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中SomeonecanuseAItocreatewebsitesthatcouldbeusedtostealpeople’spersonalinformation.Anotherpotentialriskisfasterhacking—AIprogramscouldbetaughttofindloopholesinsoftwareandbreakintosecurecomputersystems.Someoftheriskswereasdramaticastheonesweseeinbooksandmovies.Forexample,theexpertsmentionedautomatedterrorismbyusingdronesorunmannedvehiclesasweapons.（有人可以使用人工智能創(chuàng)建網(wǎng)站，用來(lái)竊取人們的個(gè)人信息。另一個(gè)潛在的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)是更快的黑客攻擊——人工智能程序可能被用來(lái)發(fā)現(xiàn)軟件中的漏洞，并侵入安全的計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)。有些風(fēng)險(xiǎn)就像我們?cè)跁?shū)和電影中看到的那樣戲劇化。例如，專家提到了使用無(wú)人機(jī)或無(wú)人駕駛車輛作為武器的自動(dòng)化恐怖主義。）可知人工智帶來(lái)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)有：人工智能可以用來(lái)創(chuàng)建網(wǎng)站，竊取人們的個(gè)人信息；人工智能可以幫助罪犯在未經(jīng)允許的情況下進(jìn)入安全的計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)以及人工智能可以被恐怖分子用來(lái)實(shí)施恐怖襲擊。只有D選項(xiàng)“人工智能可以用來(lái)克隆人類。”文章并沒(méi)有提到。故選D?！?3題詳解】詞意猜測(cè)題。從下文usingAItechniquestocopyformerUSpresidentBarackObama’svoice.可知可以使用人工智能技術(shù)模仿美國(guó)前總統(tǒng)奧巴馬的聲音?？芍斯ぶ悄芸梢阅７氯说穆曇?。故mimic意思為“模仿”。故選A?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中However,Hawkingsuggested“IbelievewecancreateAIforthegoodoftheworld.Wesimplyneedtobeawareofthedangers,identifythem,employthebestpossiblepracticeandmanagement,andprepareforitsconsequenceswellinadvance.”（然而，霍金表示:“我相信我們可以為了世界的利益而創(chuàng)造人工智能。我們只需要意識(shí)到這些危險(xiǎn)，識(shí)別它們，采用最好的做法和管理，并提前做好應(yīng)對(duì)后果的準(zhǔn)備?！保┛芍覀兛梢詮乃沟俜摇せ艚鸬脑捴型茢啵绻墓芾?，人工智能將造福世界。故選D。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段ItisunlikelythatfullydevelopingAIwouldmakeithardformankindtosurvive.（人工智能的全面發(fā)展不太可能讓人類難以生存。）可知作者對(duì)于人工智能的未來(lái)還是比較樂(lè)觀的。故選C?！军c(diǎn)睛】詞義猜測(cè)題是高考閱讀理解中?？碱}型之一，可以大致分為①定義猜詞，可以根據(jù)定義信息和舉例猜測(cè)詞義。如文中常用referto，becalled或that’stosay，suchas等。②邏輯猜詞可以根據(jù)同義詞、反義詞、因果關(guān)系詞等猜測(cè)詞義，例如，similarly,thesameas,but,however,while,ontheotherhand,since,because等，所猜詞與這些提示詞前/后面部分的含義一樣、相反或是前因后果。③語(yǔ)法猜詞，可以根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法，再結(jié)合上下文進(jìn)行猜詞。④語(yǔ)境猜詞，猜測(cè)詞義離不開(kāi)上下文的語(yǔ)境，通過(guò)上下文提供的情景和線索進(jìn)行合理的分析，同時(shí)還要關(guān)注其所在的整段及整篇文章。⑤指代猜詞即找出人稱代詞、指示代詞、關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞等所指代的內(nèi)容，做題時(shí)要注意指代詞的位置，以便于判斷，然后用所找的指代內(nèi)容替換劃線代詞，核實(shí)其邏輯、意義、位置等是否一致，最后比較所找部分與選項(xiàng)，確定意思最接近的選項(xiàng)。如第二小題，從下文usingAItechniquestocopyformerUSpresidentBarackObama’svoice.可知可以使用人工智能技術(shù)模仿美國(guó)前總統(tǒng)奧巴馬的聲音?？芍斯ぶ悄芸梢阅７氯说穆曇?。故mimic意思為“模仿”。故選A。第二節(jié)七選五（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。WhatIsActiveListening?Activelisteningisaspecialwayofcommunicating.Itsgoalistomakeiteasierforpeopletoclearlyexpressideasandfeelings.Itcanleadtoabetterunderstandingbetweenaspeakerandalistener.____16____,oritcanbedonebytwopeopleontheirown.Activelisteningworksbestwhenthespeakerandthelistenersitfacingeachother.Thetwopeopletaketurnstalking.Thegoalisforthelistenertogivefullattentiontothespeaker.Youshouldavoidthinkingaboutwhattosaynextorwhetherwhatthespeakerissayingisright.____17____.Tryasmuchaspossibletoseethingsfromthespeaker’spointofview.Oncethespeakerfinishestalking,youshouldrepeatthemainpointsofwhatheorshejustsaid.____18____.Itgiveshimorherachancetoclearupanymisunderstanding.Thespeakercanexplainhisorherideasuntilheorshefeelsfullyunderstood.____19____.Fromthere,thetwopeopleswitchbackandforth(來(lái)回地)untiltheyhavebothfullyheardandunderstoodeachother.Activelisteningisveryusefulforpeoplewholiveorworktogether.Familymembersandco-workersoftenhavebadlisteninghabits.Theyreacttoeachotherbasedonwhattheyexpecttheotherpersontosayratherthanonwhatisactuallysaid.____20____.A.Anactivelistenerfirstlistenscarefully,withouttalkingB.DoingthatletsthespeakerknowhowwellyouunderstoodwhatwassaidC.YoudonothavetoagreeoneverythingD.Activelisteningcanbeguidedbyathirdperson,suchasatherapistE.Instead,focusonunderstandingwhatisbeingsaidF.ActivelisteninggivesthemawaytobreakthispatternG.Thespeakerandthelistenerthenswitchroles【答案】16.D17.E18.B19.G20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要講的是什么是積極傾聽(tīng)以及如何做到積極傾聽(tīng)?！?6題詳解】空后“oritcanbedonebytwopeopleontheirown(也可以由兩個(gè)人單獨(dú)完成)”說(shuō)明積極傾聽(tīng)也可以由兩個(gè)人單獨(dú)完成，空格處應(yīng)該說(shuō)進(jìn)行積極傾聽(tīng)的另一種方式，D選項(xiàng)“Activelisteningcanbeguidedbyathirdperson,suchasatherapist(積極傾聽(tīng)可以由第三方指導(dǎo)，比如治療師)”說(shuō)明的是積極傾聽(tīng)的另一種方式，和后文的兩個(gè)人單獨(dú)完成相呼應(yīng)，因此引起下文，符合語(yǔ)境，故選D?！?7題詳解】空前“Youshouldavoidthinkingaboutwhattosaynextorwhetherwhatthespeakerissayingisright.(你應(yīng)該避免考慮接下來(lái)要說(shuō)什么，或者說(shuō)話人說(shuō)的是否正確。)”說(shuō)明的是你應(yīng)該避免做的事情，空格處應(yīng)該說(shuō)正確的做法是什么，E選項(xiàng)“Instead,focusonunderstandingwhatisbeingsaid(相反，專注于理解所說(shuō)的話)”說(shuō)明的是和前面“考慮接下來(lái)要說(shuō)什么，或者說(shuō)話人說(shuō)的是否正確”相反的內(nèi)容，因此承接上文，符合語(yǔ)境，故選E?！?8題詳解】空前“Oncethespeakerfinishestalking,youshouldrepeatthemainpointsofwhatheorshejustsaid.(一旦說(shuō)話人講完，你應(yīng)該重復(fù)他或她剛剛說(shuō)的要點(diǎn)。)”說(shuō)明了一旦說(shuō)話人講完，你應(yīng)該重復(fù)他或她剛剛說(shuō)的要點(diǎn)，B選項(xiàng)“Doingthatletsthespeakerknowhowwellyouunderstoodwhatwassaid(這樣做可以讓說(shuō)話人知道你對(duì)他所說(shuō)的話理解得有多好)”說(shuō)明的是重復(fù)說(shuō)話人剛剛說(shuō)的要點(diǎn)的好處，承接上文，符合語(yǔ)境，故選B?！?9題詳解】空后“Fromthere,thetwopeopleswitchbackandforth(來(lái)回地)untiltheyhavebothfullyheardandunderstoodeachother.(從這里開(kāi)始，兩個(gè)人來(lái)回切換，直到他們都完全聽(tīng)到并理解對(duì)方。)”說(shuō)明了說(shuō)話人和聽(tīng)的人要切換角色，G選項(xiàng)“Thespeakerandthelistenerthenswitchroles(然后說(shuō)話者和聽(tīng)者互換角色)”說(shuō)明了說(shuō)話人和聽(tīng)的人互換角色，因此引起下文，符合語(yǔ)境，故選G?！?0題詳解】空前“Familymembersandco-workersoftenhavebadlisteninghabits.Theyreacttoeachotherbasedonwhattheyexpecttheotherpersontosayratherthanonwhatisactuallysaid.(家庭成員和同事經(jīng)常有不好的傾聽(tīng)習(xí)慣。他們對(duì)對(duì)方的反應(yīng)是基于他們期望對(duì)方說(shuō)什么，而不是對(duì)方實(shí)際說(shuō)了什么。)”說(shuō)明了家庭成員和同事通常傾聽(tīng)習(xí)慣不好，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“Activelisteninggivesthemawaytobreakthispattern(積極傾聽(tīng)給了他們一個(gè)打破這種模式的方法)”說(shuō)明了積極傾聽(tīng)可以打破這種模式，也就是可以改進(jìn)他們不好的傾聽(tīng)習(xí)慣，承接上文，符合語(yǔ)境，故選F。第三部分英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。My16-month-olddaughterjumpedontotheflooragain,afterclimbingontothelowwindowsill.Shemadeitmanytimesaday—itisherownMountQomolangma.Withasenseof____21____,sheranintomyarms,laughing.IwasalmostcryingasI____22____her.IfeltIwasa(n)____23____.NoonehadpreparedmeforworkingfromhomedaringtheCOVID-19pandemicwhile____24____awild,fearlesskid.Ifeltsosad.Iwasn’t____25____enoughandIwasn’tagoodmother.Iwasdefeatedbylife.Thencameasoundfrommycellphone.Aftergettingmy____26____childbackonherfeetand,watchinghergotoclimbthewindowsill,Ireadthe____27____:“Watchingyoubeamommyhasbeenmyfavorite.Itbringsmesomuch___28___!Howtalentedyouare,andhowkindandfunnyyouare!”Andimmediately,myfriendMegangotmeoutofacomplete____29____.ThiswasexactlywhatIneededto____30____,attheexactmomentIfeltso____31____.Sherebuiltmyconfidenceand_____32_____methatmotherhoodismymission,myhappiness,andmygreatestachievement,evenwhenit’s_____33_____.Sometimesthegreatestkindnessesaresomewordsof_____34_____atjusttherighttime.Therefore,IheadedbacktoBabyQomolangma,readyforhernext_____35_____.21.A.responsibility B.fairness C.achievement D.humor22.A.found B.freed C.left D.held23.A.influence B.failure C.partner D.fool24.A.wakingup B.pickingup C.caringfor D.waitingfor25.A.strong B.curious C.confused D.generous26.A.creative B.adventurous C.polite D.honest27.A.example B.report C.story D.message28.A.luck B.attention C.happiness D.love29.A.mess B.joke C.excuse D.surprise30.A.share B.write C.accept D.hear31A.afraid B.helpless C.ashamed D.lonely32.A.promised B.called C.reminded D.warned33.A.hard B.strange C.different D.dangerous34.A.explanation B.encouragement C.advice D.agreement35.A.run B.flight C.cry D.jump【答案】21.C22.D23.B24.C25.A26.B27.D28.C29.A30.D31.B32.C33.A34.B35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。講述了作者在被年幼頑皮的女兒搞得身心俱疲時(shí)，收到了朋友鼓勵(lì)的短信，意識(shí)到了作為母親的使命和幸福，重新恢復(fù)了對(duì)生活的勇氣和信心?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：帶著一種成就感，她笑著跑到我懷里。A.responsibility責(zé)任；B.fairness公平；C.achievement成就；D.humor幽默。根據(jù)前文“Shemadeitmanytimesaday—itisherownMountQomolangma.”可知，女兒每天都要在窗臺(tái)和地板之間跳很多次，每跳一次，都會(huì)充滿成就感。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我抱著她時(shí)，我?guī)缀跻蘖?。A.found發(fā)現(xiàn)；B.freed使自由；C.left離開(kāi)；D.held抱住。根據(jù)前文“sheranintomyarms”可知，女兒跳進(jìn)作者懷里，作者會(huì)抱住她。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我覺(jué)得我是個(gè)失敗者。沒(méi)有人讓我做好準(zhǔn)備，在新冠期間在家工作，同時(shí)照顧一個(gè)狂野、無(wú)畏的孩子。A.influence影響；B.failure失敗；C.partner伙伴；D.fool傻瓜。根據(jù)后文“Iwasdefeatedbylife”可知，作者認(rèn)為自己被生活打敗了，是個(gè)失敗者。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我覺(jué)得我是個(gè)失敗者。沒(méi)有人讓我做好準(zhǔn)備，在新冠期間在家工作，同時(shí)照顧一個(gè)狂野、無(wú)畏的孩子。A.wakingup喚醒；B.pickingup撿起；C.caringfor照顧；D.waitingfor等待。根據(jù)前文“My16-month-olddaughter”及后文“awild,fearlesskid”可知，女兒還小，需要照顧。故選C項(xiàng)。【25題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我不夠堅(jiān)強(qiáng)，也不是個(gè)好母親。A.strong堅(jiān)強(qiáng)；B.curious好奇的；C.confused困惑的；D.generous慷慨的。根據(jù)后文“Iwasdefeatedbylife”可知，作者認(rèn)為自己不夠堅(jiān)強(qiáng)。故選A項(xiàng)。【26題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我把愛(ài)冒險(xiǎn)的孩子扶起來(lái)，看著她爬上窗臺(tái)，我讀到上面的留言：“看著你成為媽媽是我最喜歡的事情。它給我?guī)?lái)了很多快樂(lè)!”A.creative有創(chuàng)造性的；B.adventurous有冒險(xiǎn)精神的；C.polite禮貌的；D.honest誠(chéng)實(shí)的。根據(jù)前文“Shemadeitmanytimesaday”及“awild,fearlesskid”可知，女兒每天跳窗臺(tái)許多次，無(wú)懼無(wú)畏，充滿了冒險(xiǎn)精神。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我把愛(ài)冒險(xiǎn)的孩子扶起來(lái)，看著她爬上窗臺(tái)，我讀到上面的留言：“看著你成為媽媽是我最喜歡的事情。它給我?guī)?lái)了很多快樂(lè)!”A.example例子；B.report報(bào)告；C.story故事；D.message信息。根據(jù)前文“Thencameasoundfrommycellphone”可知，手機(jī)收到了短信。故選D項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我把愛(ài)冒險(xiǎn)的孩子扶起來(lái)，看著她爬上窗臺(tái)，我讀到上面的留言:“看著你成為媽媽是我最喜歡的事情。它給我?guī)?lái)了很多快樂(lè)!”A.luck運(yùn)氣；B.attention注意力；C.happiness快樂(lè)；D.love熱愛(ài)。根據(jù)前文“Watchingyoubeamommyhasbeenmyfavorite”可知，作者和女兒的互動(dòng)給朋友帶來(lái)了歡樂(lè)。故選C項(xiàng)。【29題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：就在那時(shí)，我的朋友Megan把我從一團(tuán)糟中救了出來(lái)。這正是我需要聽(tīng)到的，在我感到如此無(wú)助的那一刻。A.mess困境，亂局；B.joke玩笑；C.excuse借口；D.surprise驚訝。根據(jù)前文“workingfromhomedaringtheCOVID-19pandemicwhile____4____awild,fearlesskid”及“Iwasdefeatedbylife”可知，作者疲于應(yīng)付工作和頑皮的女兒，生活陷入困境，而朋友的話鼓勵(lì)了作者。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：就在那時(shí)，我的朋友Megan把我從一團(tuán)糟中救了出來(lái)。這正是我需要聽(tīng)到的，在我感到如此無(wú)助的那一刻。A.share分享；B.write寫下；C.accept接受；D.hear聽(tīng)到。根據(jù)前文“Ireadthe____7____”可知，朋友給作者的那些話正是作者需要聽(tīng)到的。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：就在那時(shí)，我的朋友Megan把我從一團(tuán)糟中救了出來(lái)。這正是我需要聽(tīng)到的，在我感到如此無(wú)助的那一刻。A.afraid害怕的；B.helpless無(wú)助的；C.ashamed羞恥的；D.lonely孤獨(dú)的。根據(jù)前文“Ifeltsosad.Iwasn’t____5____enoughandIwasn’tagoodmother.Iwasdefeatedbylife.”可知，作者正處于困境之中，面對(duì)淘氣頑皮的女兒，感到無(wú)助。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她重建了我的信心，提醒我做母親是我的使命，是我的幸福，是我最大的成就，即使這很艱難。A.promised答應(yīng)；B.called打電話；C.reminded提醒；D.warned警告。根據(jù)后文“motherhoodismymission,myhappiness,andmygreatestachievement”可知，朋友的話提醒了作者作為一個(gè)母親的使命。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她重建了我的信心，提醒我做母親是我的使命，是我的幸福，是我最大的成就，即使這很艱難。A.hard艱難的；B.strange奇怪的；C.different不同的；D.dangerous危險(xiǎn)的。根據(jù)前文“My16-month-olddaughterjumpedontotheflooragain”及“Shemadeitmanytimesaday”及“Iwasdefeatedbylife”可知，照顧年幼的女兒使作者身心俱疲。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：有時(shí)候，最大的善意是在適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候說(shuō)一些鼓勵(lì)的話。A.explanation解釋；B.encouragement鼓勵(lì)；C.advice建議；D.agreement同意。根據(jù)前文“Howtalentedyouare,andhowkindandfunnyyouare!”及“Sherebuiltmyconfidence”可知，有時(shí)候最大的善意就是像作者朋友一樣，在適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候說(shuō)一些鼓勵(lì)的話。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，我回到了女兒的“珠穆朗瑪峰”下，為她下一次的跳躍做準(zhǔn)備。A.run跑步；B.flight飛行；C.cry哭喊；D.j