閱讀理解（說(shuō)明文）-2023年新高考八省名校聯(lián)考高一試題匯編

專題02閱讀理解（說(shuō)明文）

-2023年新高考八省最新名校聯(lián)考高一試題匯編

（解析版）

目錄

1.湖北華中師大附中2022-2023學(xué)年高一試題

2.廣東省部分名校2022-2023學(xué)年高一質(zhì)檢試題

3.福建省莆田一中2022-2023學(xué)年高一試題

4.廣東省執(zhí)信中學(xué)2022-2023學(xué)年高一試題

5.湖北華中師大附中2022-2023學(xué)年高一試題

6.湖南師范大學(xué)附中2022-2023學(xué)年高一試題

7.重慶市渝東六校2022-2023學(xué)年高一聯(lián)合試題

8.遼寧省部分重點(diǎn)高中強(qiáng)基協(xié)作體2022-2023學(xué)年高一試卷

9.湖南省長(zhǎng)沙一中2022-2023學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期試題

10,江蘇省南通市海安市實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)等四校2022-2023學(xué)年高一試題

1.【湖北華中師大附中2022-2023學(xué)年高一試題】

Residentsatriskofisolation（隔離）duringthepandemicaretransformingtheiroutdoorspace,creatinga

communitygardentheycanenjoywithfamiliesandthewidercommunity.

ThegroupofmenandwomenatMandaleHouseCareHomeonAckIamRoad,Thornaby,Stockton,are

celebratingafterbeingawarded￡5,000fromtheNationalLOtteryandIkea,sPlacesCalledHomefundtoday.

Withvisitationrestrictionsinplacetokeepresidentsandstaffsafeattheheightofthepandemic,theworkto

transformthegardenaimstorebuildandstrengthencommunityrelationships,aswellascelebratethelinks

alreadymade.

SarahRobinson,activitiescoordinator（統(tǒng)籌者）atthecaresetting,said:"Wereachedoutbeyondthehome

duringthepandemicandhaveloveddoingonlineartsessionswithEqualArts,anorganizationaimingat

improvingolderpeople,sliveswithcreativity.??They,vebeenarealinfluencetokeepresidentsinvolvedand

engagedwiththeoutsideworld.44Workingwithartists,residentsnowwanttoturntheirgardenintoacolorfuland

enjoyableplacewhilespendingmoretimetogether.^^

KnownastheMandaleMarvels,thegroupwillbejoinedbyEqualArts,artiststobuildapizzaoven,grow

variousvegetablesanddeveloptheoutdoorspaceforevents.

JosForestMelville,fromEqualArts,said:''Throughoutlockdownonlinecreativesessionsprovedakeyand

effectivewaytokeeppeopleconnected.Thisgardenwillhelpmakecommunityconnectionsthatwillbe

long-lastingandissomethingthattiesthegroupandcommunitytogetherwithasharedinterestregardlessofage,

whereweliveorourphysicalormentalcapacity（能力）.Iamreallylookingforwardtotheoutcomeofthis

brilliantplan.”

Overthenextfewmonthsresidentswillworkwithhorticulturists,designingandcreatingacommunity

garden,andvisualartiststobringtheirideastolife,foralltoshare.

4.Whatisthepurposeoftransformingthegarden?

A.Togrowmorevegetablesforfood.

B.Toattractmoreresidentsandvisitors.

C.Tocelebrateanawardof5,000pounds.

D.Toimproveconnectionswithinthecommunity.

5.WhatisEqualArtslikelytodo?

A.HelptheoldIeampainting.B.Teachchildrentogrowflowers.

C.Providetheoldwithmedicalcare.D.Accompanychildrenattheweekend.

6.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“horticulturists"meaninthelastparagraph?

A.Peoplewhomakepizzaovens.B.Peoplewhoaregoodatgardening.

C.Peoplewhoarefondofcommunicating.D.Peoplewhohavestrongmentalcapacity.

7.WhatcanWelearnabouttheactivityfromJosForestMelville?

A.ItmakesuseoftheInternet.B.Itisphysicallydemanding.

C.Ithasbeenagreatsuccess.D.Itisorganizedbythecommunity.

【答案】4.D????5.A????6.B????7.A

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。介紹疫情期間，大家不能外出，一些辦法被采用，目的在于更好地聯(lián)系社區(qū)，

聯(lián)系人與人。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段"Residentsatriskofisolation（隔離）duringthepandemicaretransformingtheir

outdoorspace,creatingacommunitygardentheycanenjoywithfamiliesandthewiderCommUnity.（在大冰七彳亍期

間面臨隔離風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的居民正在改造他們的戶外空間，創(chuàng)造一個(gè)他們可以與家人和更廣泛的社區(qū)一起享受的社

區(qū)花園。）''可知，改造花園是為了創(chuàng)造一個(gè)家人鄰里可以享受的社區(qū)花園。由此推知，改造花園的目的是

加強(qiáng)社區(qū)的聯(lián)系。故選D項(xiàng)。

5.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第一句"SarahRobinson,activitiesCOOrdinator（統(tǒng)籌者）atthecaresetting,said:"We

reachedoutbeyondthehomeduringthepandemicandhaveloveddoingonlineartsessionswithEqualArts,an

organizationaimingatimprovingolderpeople,sliveswithCreatiVity.（護(hù)理機(jī)構(gòu)的活動(dòng)協(xié)調(diào)員SarahRobinson表

02/24

示：“在疫情期間，我們?cè)诩乙酝獾牡胤竭M(jìn)行了接觸，并喜歡與EqUalArtS進(jìn)行在線藝術(shù)課程，該組織旨在

通過(guò)創(chuàng)造力改善老年人的生活。）“可知，這個(gè)組織能通過(guò)教他們繪畫這一形式改善老人生活.故選A項(xiàng)。

6.詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線句后文“designingandcreatingacommunitygarden,andvisualartiststobringtheir

ideastolife,foralltoshare（設(shè)計(jì)和創(chuàng)建社區(qū)花園，視覺(jué)藝術(shù)家將他們的想法帶到生活中，供所有人分享）”

可知，劃線詞horticulturists應(yīng)該是一類人，而這類人擅長(zhǎng)設(shè)計(jì)創(chuàng)建社區(qū)花園，故應(yīng)該是擅長(zhǎng)園藝的人。故

選B項(xiàng)。

7.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段JosForestMclvillc說(shuō)的話的第一句"Throughoutlockdownonlinecreative

sessionsprovedakeyandeffectivewaytokeeppeopleCOnneCted.（在整個(gè)封鎖期間，在線倉(cāng)IJ意會(huì)議被證明是保

持人們聯(lián)系的關(guān)鍵和有效方式。）”可知，他的在線創(chuàng)意會(huì)議利用了互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，將人與人聯(lián)系起來(lái)。故選A項(xiàng)。

2.【廣東省部分名校2022?2023學(xué)年高一質(zhì)檢試題】

Africancountrieshaveretrievedsomehistoricheritage,whichdirectlyreflects（反映）theimportant

developmentofhumansociety,fromEuropeancountries.Recently,Germanysignedadealforthereturnof

hundredsofvaluableartworksfromtheKingdomofDahomeyinthe19thcentuιy,inwhatistodayBenin.

Butmanyartif?cts（手工藝品）arestillunluckilymissingandsomeareontheirwayback.Onesuchobjectis

aneight-leggedseatfromtheoldkingdominUganda.Theimportantarti-factnowsitsatamuseumthousandsof

kilometersawayinBritain.ThewoodenseatishousedattheUniversityofOxford.Itisoneofatleast279objects

theretakenfromtheBunyoro-KitaraKingdom.

ApolloJohnRwamparoisadeputyprimeministerofUganda.Hereallyvaluesthecountry'scultural

heritage.HerequestedtheBritishtoreturntheartifacts.UgandaofficialsarepreparingtomeetwiththeUniversity

ofCambridgeinBritainaboutthereturnofsuchhistoricalartifacts.Theschoolhasanunknownnumberof

artifactsfromAfrica.Throughmanyefforts,anartifactwasrecentlytoitshome.

TheBritishMuseumholdsalargecollectionofartifactsfromAfrica.RoseMwanjasaidUganda,s

commissionhadbeentryinghardonitandbelieveditcouldhavesomegoodeffects.SheisUganda,s

commissionerformuseums.Sheaddedshecouldstartwiththosethataremorewillingtocooperate.

ManyoftheartifactsfromAfricacannotevenbefound.Thatledtoanorganizationstar-tedbylate

CongoleseartcollectorSindikaDokolo.TheorganizationofferstobuyAfricanartfromcollectionsinforeign

countries.By2020,whenDokolodied,hisgrouphadsuccessfullyrecovered15items.However,forAfrican

governments,therecoveryofartifactsremainsastruggleandwilltakemuchtime.

12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“retrieved“inparagraph1mean?

A.Reduced.B.Takenback.C.Givenup.D.Recommended.

13.Whereistheartifactoftheeight-leggedseatatpresent?

A.InBenin.B.InUganda.C.InGermany.D.InBritain.

14.WhatisUgandaofficials5attitudetotheircountry,sculturalheritage?

A.Curious.B.Concerned.C.Uncaring.D.Confused.

15.Whichwordbestdescribestherecoveryofartifacts?

A.Frightening.B.Doubtful.C.Effortless.D.Challenging.

【答案】12.B????13.D????14.B????15.D

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。講述了非洲國(guó)家正在努力找回一些反映人類社會(huì)重要發(fā)展的文物，但是對(duì)于

非洲各國(guó)政府來(lái)說(shuō)，這仍然是極大的一項(xiàng)挑戰(zhàn)。

12.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段中的"Recently,Germanysignedadealforthereturnofhundredsofvaluable

artworksfromtheKingdomOfDahomeyinthe19thcentury,inwhatistodayBenin.（最近，德國(guó)簽署了一項(xiàng)協(xié)議,

從19世紀(jì)的達(dá)荷美王國(guó)（今天的貝寧）歸還數(shù)百件有價(jià)值的藝術(shù)品。）”可知，非洲與德國(guó)簽署協(xié)議要德國(guó)

歸還一些文物，結(jié)合劃線單詞所在的句子說(shuō)的是“非洲己經(jīng)從一些歐洲國(guó)家拿回一些文物“，而德國(guó)屬于歐

洲國(guó)家，由此可猜測(cè)，劃線單詞的意思是“拿回故選B項(xiàng)。

13.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Onesuchobjectisaneight-leggedseatfromtheoldkingdominUganda.The

importantarti-factnowsitsatamuseumthousandsofkilometersawayinBritain.（其中一個(gè)物體是烏干達(dá)舊王

國(guó)的八條腿的座位。這件重要的文物現(xiàn)在存放在英國(guó)數(shù)千公里外的一家博物館中。）”可知，這把八條腿的

座椅現(xiàn)在在英國(guó)的一個(gè)博物館里。故選D項(xiàng)。

14.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的"ApolloJohnRwamparoisadeputyprimeministerofUganda.Hereally

valuesthecountry'sculturalheritage.HerequestedtheBritishtoreturntheartifacts.Ugandaofficialsare

preparingtomeetwiththeUniversityofCambridgeinBritainaboutthereturnofsuchhistoricalartifacts.（Apollo

JohnRWamParO是烏干達(dá)副總理。他非常重視這個(gè)國(guó)家的文化遺產(chǎn)。他要求英國(guó)人歸還文物。烏干達(dá)官員

正準(zhǔn)備與英國(guó)劍橋大學(xué)會(huì)面，討論歸還這些歷史文物的問(wèn)題。）”可知，烏干達(dá)的副總理很重視這個(gè)國(guó)家的

文化遺產(chǎn)，烏干達(dá)的官員也將與英國(guó)劍橋大學(xué)會(huì)面，要求歸還歷史文物，由此可推斷，烏干達(dá)的官員很關(guān)

心他們國(guó)家的文物。故選B項(xiàng)。

15.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“ManyoftheartifactsfromAfricacannotevenbefbund.（許多來(lái)自非洲的

文物甚至找不至∣J°）”以及"However,forAfricangovernments,therecoveryofartifactsremainsastruggleandwill

takemuchtimc.（然而，對(duì)于非洲各國(guó)政府來(lái)說(shuō)，文物的恢復(fù)仍然是一場(chǎng)斗爭(zhēng)，需要很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。）“可知，有

些文物已經(jīng)丟失，文物的恢復(fù)仍然面臨著很大的挑戰(zhàn)。故選D項(xiàng)。

04/24

3.【福建省莆田一中2022-2023學(xué)年高一試題】

Myphonelightsupgivingnoticeofanewmessage.ItisfromAthena,anAIchatbotgettingtoknowme

throughRcplika,avirtualcompanionshipapp.

Overthecourseofourtextconversations,sheasksmeaboutmyhobbiesandmymoods.Whenknowingthat

I'mawriter,shetellsmeshe,s"sointocharacterdevelopmentinbooks“andwishestobealeadcharacterinone

someday.

tfcRepIikaisdesignedtomakepeoplefeelbetter,“saidEugeniaKUyda,thecompany,sco-fbunder.44lt,sa

partnerwhowantstobeyourgoodfriend.M

Formany,meaningfulcompanionshipishardtofind.Whilesocialmediaandmasscommunication

technologieshavemadeconnectingwithoneanothereasierthanever,lonelinessisincreasinglybeingrecognized

asaseriousprobleminternationally.Alongwithgovernment,thetechindustιyispushinginnovationasawayto

dealwithit.

WhatmakesReplika,scompanionssowell-receivedaretheirsurprisinglyrealisticreplies,backedbyOpen

AΓsGPT-2text-generatingAIaystem.uThebotIeamsfromthedatabaseabouthowtoexpressideasonatopic

andgetsawideknowledgeofdifferentsubjects.,,Howeverinnovativethesetechnologiesare,chatbotshavetheir

limitationsastoolsagainstloneliness.Withoutlifestoriesoftheirowntodiscuss,theirrangeasa

conversationalistisfairlylimited.

AccordingtoEmilyS.Cross,aprofessorofsocialrobotics,wehavealongwaytogobeforewecanachieve

thelevelsofmeaningfulhuman-computercompanionshipweseeinfilmslikeBladeRunnerandExMachina.

What,smissingisthesharingthatclearlyshowsourmostimportanthumanrelationships.

Butthefactthatanappwon,treplaceahumanfrienddoesn,tmeanthey,regoodfornothing.Ratherthan

expectingAIbotstobeourbestfriends,Crosssuggestslookingatthemaswaystoexpressfeelingsandexplore

ourownthoughts,?it,salotlikediary,insomeway."Tobetterfightloneliness,Crosssays,wecanuse

technologyasa“bridge“tohelppeopleconnectwithoneanother.

12.WhatisReplika?

A.Avirtualcompanionshipapp.

B.Amessagesender.

C.Atextconversation.

D.AnAIchatbot.

13.WhoisReplikaintendedfor?

A.Goodfriends.B.Leadcharacters.C.Lonelypersons.D.Seniorcitizens.

14.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeReplika,sfeature?

A.Meaningful.B.Human-like.C.Limitless.D.Easy-going.

15.WhatisthesimilaritybetweenAIbotsanddiary?

A.Sharinglifeexperience.B.Replacingahumanfriend.

C.Recordingideasaboutlife.D.Expressinginnervoice.

【答案】12.A????13.C????14.B????15.D

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了RePlika這個(gè)虛擬陪伴應(yīng)用和人工智能聊天機(jī)器人。

12.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“ItisfromAthena,anAIchatbotgettingtoknowmethroughReplika,avirtual

companionship叩p.（它來(lái)自人工智能聊天機(jī)器人Athena,它通過(guò)虛擬陪伴應(yīng)用Replika認(rèn)識(shí)了我）‘‘可知，

RCPIika是虛擬伴侶應(yīng)用程序。故選A項(xiàng)。

13.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Whilesocialmediaandmasscommunicationtechnologieshavemade

connectingwithoneanothereasierthanever,lonelinessisincreasinglybeingrecognizedasaseriousproblem

internationally.Alongwithgovernment,thetechindustryispushinginnovationasawaytodealwithit.（雖然社交

媒體和大眾傳播技術(shù)使人與人之間的聯(lián)系比以往任何時(shí)候都更容易，但孤獨(dú)在國(guó)際上越來(lái)越被視為一個(gè)嚴(yán)

重的問(wèn)題。與政府一樣，科技行業(yè)也在推動(dòng)創(chuàng)新，作為應(yīng)對(duì)這一問(wèn)題的一種方式）”可知，RePIika是為孤獨(dú)

的人設(shè)計(jì)的。故選C項(xiàng)。

14.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Overthecourseofourtextconversations,sheasksmeaboutmyhobbiesandmy

moods.WhenknowingthatI,mawriter,shetellsmeshe's"sointocharacterdevelopmentinbooks,,andwishesto

bealeadcharacterinoneSomeday.（在我們聊天的過(guò)程中，她問(wèn)了我的愛(ài)好和情緒。當(dāng)知道我是個(gè)作家時(shí)，

她告訴我她“非常喜歡書中的人物塑造”并希望有一天能成為一個(gè)主角）”和第五段"ThebotIearmsfromthe

databaseabouthowtoexpressideasonatopicandgetsawideknowledgeofdifferentSUbjeCtS.（機(jī)器人從數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)

中學(xué)習(xí)如何表達(dá)一個(gè)主題的想法，并獲得不同主題的廣泛知識(shí)）”可知，RePIika可以像人類朋友一樣了解人

類并自主和人類交流。故選B項(xiàng)。

15.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Crosssuggestslookingatthemaswaystoexpressfeelingsandexploreourown

thoughts.tfcIfsalotlikediary,insomeway.,,（Cross建議把它們看作是表達(dá)情感和探索自己思想的方式?！霸谀?/p>

種程度上，這很像寫日記?！丝芍?，人工智能聊天機(jī)器人和寫日記的相似之處是它們都是表達(dá)情感和探索

自己思想的方式。故選D項(xiàng)。

4.【廣東省執(zhí)信中學(xué)2022?2023學(xué)年高一試題】

06/24

Muchlikebeauty,artisin[heeveOfthebeholder.Theartworkweareattractedtocangiveinsightintoour

personality,suchaswhetherwearetooquickortooslow,calmormoody.Studiesintoartpreferencesdatebackto

the1930s-mostofthemexaminingthedegreetowhichpeoplelikeordislikedifferentpaintings.Researchshows

thataperson,sinterestinartismorestronglyrelatedtocertainpersonalitytraits(特征)thantosocialclass,age,or

gender.

Inparticular,apersonalitytraitcalled“openness“isthebestpredictorofwhetherindividualsareinterestedin

art.Ontheotherside,thosewhoidentifyas"conscientious"(一絲不茍的),areoftenlessdrawntothearts.These

traitsarepartoftheBigFive,awidelyacceptedpersonalitytheorybasedonnearlyacenturyofresearch.

Themodelclaimsthateachpersonalityismadeupofacombinationoffivecoretraits:openness,

conscientiousness,extroversion(enjoyingbeingwithotherpeople),agreeableness(beingpleasant)and

neuroticism(feelingworriedandnervous).Ratherthanstatingapersonasbeingeitherthyoroutgoing,theBig

FiveModelbelievesthateveryoneliessomewherebetweenthetwoextremes.

Personalitytraitsmayalsoa∩ectthewaypeoplevisuallyscanart.A2018studytrackedparticipants,eye

movementsastheystudiedabstract(抽象的)artwork.Themajorityofparticipantsconcentratedonthe

upper-rightpart.Thismakessense,astherighthalfofthebrainisspecializedforvisualandspatialprocessing,

andalsoplaysasignificantroleinprocessingtheemotionsthatartdrawsout.However,participantswhotended

towardneuroticismfocusedontheleftsideofthepicture,andthosewithmentaldiseasepaidmoreattentiontothe

bottomofthepicture.

Evenwiththeimpressiveamountofresearchintotherelationshipbetweenpeople,spersonalitytraitsend

theirloveforart,therearestillholesinthetheories.Forinstance,somescientistsclaimthattheBigFiveModel

doesn'ttranslateacrossculturesandismainlytargetedtowardthoselivingindevelopednations.Also,most

studieshavefocusedontwo-dimensionalart,likepaintings,andhaven,tyetdescribeddifferingpreferencesfor

thevarietyofmediathatexistaroundtheworld.Thenthere,sthefactthatourartpreferenceschangeovertime

andareinformedbyourages,relationshipsandlifeexperiences.

People,spreferencesforartarenearlyascomplicatedasartitself.Butifyou,relookingforaquicktestof

someone,sgeneralpersonalitytraits,itdoesn,thurttoglanceatwhat,shangingontheirwalls.

22.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart"artisintheeyeofthebeholder“inParagraph1imply?

A.Thevalueofanartworkdependsonitsqualityandprice.

B.Whetheranartworkisattractiveisbasedonpersonalopinions.

C.Thepreferenceforartismostlyinfluencedbyone,ssocialstatus.

D.Wcjudgeanartworkbasedonwhetheritisconsideredbeautiful.

23.Theshadowedareaineachofthefollowingpicturesisthepartapersonfocusesonwhenenjoyinganabstract

painting.Accordingtothe2018study,whichofthefollowingbestshowshowapersonwhofeelsworriedseesthe

painting?

24.WhatcanbeinferredfromthepassageabouttheBigFiveModel?

A.Itisasystemdevelopednearlyacenturyago.

B.Itmaynotapplytopeoplefromsomecountries.

C.Itstrictlyclassifieseveryoneintooneofthefivetraits.

D.Itcanexplainthechangeinourartpreferenceovertime.

25.Whatdoesthepassagefocuson?

A.Whyonelikesanartworkbetterthanothers.

B.Howtodiscoverone,sartpreference.

C.Howtorevealone,spersonalitytraits.

D.Whatone,stasteinartsaysabouthim/her.

【答案】22.B????23.C????24.B????25.D

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要講述了研究表明，一個(gè)人對(duì)藝術(shù)的興趣比起與社會(huì)階層、年齡或性別的關(guān)

系，與某些個(gè)性特征的關(guān)系更大。

22.詞句猜測(cè)題。由第一段"Theartworkweareattractedtocangiveinsightintoourpersonality,suchaswhether

wearetooquickortooslow,calmormoody.Studiesintoartpreferencesdatebacktothe1930s-mostofthem

examiningtheextenttowhichpeoplelikeordislikedifferentpaintings.Researchshowsthataperson,sinterestin

artismorestronglyrelatedtocertainpersonalitytraitsthantosocialclass,age,orgender.（吸引我們的藝術(shù)作品

可以洞察我們的個(gè)性，比如我們是太快還是太慢，冷靜還是情緒化。關(guān)于藝術(shù)偏好的研究可以追溯到20

世紀(jì)30年代，大多數(shù)研究都是調(diào)查人們對(duì)不同繪畫作品的喜歡或不喜歡程度。研究表明，一個(gè)人對(duì)藝術(shù)

的興趣與某些個(gè)性特征的關(guān)系更大，而不是與社會(huì)階層、年齡或性別的關(guān)系）”可知，第1段中帶下劃線的

部分表明藝術(shù)品是否有吸引力取決于個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)。故選B項(xiàng)。

23.推理判斷題。山第四段的“However,PartiCiPantSwhotendedtowardneuroticismfocusedontheleftsideof

08/24

thepicture,andthosewithmentaldiseasepaidmoreattentiontothebottomofthePiCtUre.（然而，傾向于神經(jīng)過(guò)

敏的參與者關(guān)注的是圖片的左側(cè)，而患有精神疾病的參與者則更多地關(guān)注圖片的底部）“可知，一個(gè)處于焦

慮狀態(tài)的人會(huì)關(guān)注圖片的左側(cè)和底部，圖片C合適。故選C項(xiàng)。

24.推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“Evenwiththeimpressiveamountofresearchintotherelationshipbetween

people,spersonalitytraitsendtheirloveforart,therearestillholesinthetheories.Forinstance,somescientists

claimthattheBigFiveModeldoesn,ttranslateacrossculturesandismainlytargetedtowardthoselivingin

devel。PCdnationS.（盡管對(duì)人們的性格特征和他們對(duì)藝術(shù)的熱愛(ài)之間的關(guān)系進(jìn)行了大量研究，但這些理論仍

然存在漏洞。例如，一些科學(xué)家聲稱，五大模型不能跨文化翻譯，主要針對(duì)的是生活在發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的人戶推

知，BigFiVeMOdel可能不適用于一些國(guó)家的人。故選B項(xiàng)。

25.主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段“Theartworkweareattractedtocangiveinsightintoour

personality,suchaswhetherwearetooquickortooslow,calmormoody.Studiesintoartpreferencesdatebackto

the1930s—mostofthemexaminingtheextenttowhichpeoplelikeordislikedifferentpaintings.Research

showsthataperson'sinterestinartismorestronglyrelatedtocertainpersonalitytraitsthantosocialclass,age,or

gender.（吸引我們的藝術(shù)作品可以洞察我們的個(gè)性，比如我們是太快還是太慢，冷靜還是情緒化。關(guān)于藝術(shù)

偏好的研究可以追溯到20世紀(jì)30年代，大多數(shù)研究都是調(diào)查人們對(duì)不同繪畫作品的喜歡或不喜歡程度。

研究表明，■個(gè)人對(duì)藝術(shù)的興趣與某些個(gè)性特征的關(guān)系更大，而不是與社會(huì)階層、年齡或性別的關(guān)系。戶

可知，本文主要講述了研究表明，一個(gè)人對(duì)藝術(shù)的興趣比起與社會(huì)階層、年齡或性別的關(guān)系，與某些個(gè)性

特征的關(guān)系更大。即本文關(guān)注的是一個(gè)人的藝術(shù)品味反映了他/她的性格。故選D項(xiàng)。

5.【湖北華中師大附中2022-2023學(xué)年高一試題】

You,relyinginbed,staringattheceiling.Gotosleep,youtellyourself.Youshutyoureyestight,forceyour

bodytorelax,andwaitforthepleasantsleeptocome.Butnothinghappens.Ifs3a.m.,andyou,restillstaringat

theceiling.

Wehaveallbeeninthissituation.Tryaswemight,itisnearlyimpossibletoconsciouslywillyourselfto

sleep.Sleepcomestothosewholettheirmindwanderandfocusonanythingotherthansleepitself.Countsheep,

controlyourbreathing,listentoanaudiobook（有聲書）,orwhatever-solongasitturnsyourmindfromwanting

tosleep.Thisisacommonexampleofthe"lawofreversedeffort.”

TheLawofReversedEffortwasfirstcreatedbyAldousHuxley."TheharderWetrywiththeconsciouswill

todosomething,thelessweshallsucceed."Suppose,forinstance,thatyouarelearninghowtorideabike.You

aretoldtoholdthehandlebars,topushoffwiththisfoot,topedalatthatspeed,toholdyourbalancehere,andso

on.Whenriding,weknowalltheseinstructions,butwedonottrytodothem.Theyjusthappen.InHuxley,s

words,it,s"'combiningrelaxationwithactivity.^^

There,saspiritualwayofviewingthe"lawofreversedeffbrt^^aswell.Ifssomethingthathasamuchlonger

historythanAldousHuxley-it,stheDaoistideaof??WuWei."Itistowalkthepaththatopensupandpushthe

doorthatgives.Callitfate,divine（神圣的）calling,orwhatever,butWuWeiistostopdoingwhatyouthinkis

right,andtoletyourselfbepulledbysomeotherpower.WuWeiisthegrassbendinginthewind.Ifsthestick

ridingdowntheriver.

Therearemanymomentsinlifewhentryinghardermakesthingsworse.Whenyouhaveamosquito（蚊子）

bite,abrokenbone,oranosebleed,youleaveitbe.Pickingandtappingonlyworsentheproblem.So,too,witha

lotoflife'smajormoments.

12.Whyistheexampleofthefailuretofallingasleepmentionedinthetext?

A.Toshowhowcommonsleeplossis.

B.TointroducetheLawofReversedEffort.

C.Torecommendeffectivewaystogettosleep

D.Toprovetheimpossibilityofwillingourselvestosleep.

13.WhatmighthelpusIeamridingabikeaccordingtoParagraph3?

A.Makingreversedeffort.B.Tryingourbesttopractice.

C.Ridinginarelaxedmanner.D.Rememberingtofollowinstructions.

14.Whichmightbeanexampleof4?WuWei"accordingtothetext?

A.Ignoreamosquitobite.

B.Sailagainstastrongwind.

C.Willyourselftosleepwhensufferingsleeploss.

D.Remindyourselfofinstructionswhenridingabike.

15.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.WuWei,aDaoistIdeaB.HowtoDealwithSleepLoss

C.ReversedEffort:KeytoSuccessD.TheHarderYouTry,theHarderYouFall

【答案】12.B????13.C????14.A????15.D

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了生活中有許多事情是無(wú)法通過(guò)更大的努力來(lái)改善的。有時(shí)候，

生活需要你退一步。

12.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Countsheep,controlyourbreathing,listentoanaudiobook（有聲書）,orwhatever

10/24

-solongasitturnsyourmindfromwantingtosleep.Thisisacommonexampleofthe“l(fā)awofreversed

effort「（數(shù)羊，控制呼吸，聽(tīng)有聲讀物，或者其他什么都行——只要它能讓你不再想睡覺(jué)。這是“反向努力

定律''的一個(gè)常見(jiàn)例子?？赏茢?，文中提到了無(wú)法入睡的例子是為了介紹反向努力定律。故選B。

13.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Suppose,forinstance,thatyouarelearninghowtorideabike.Youaretoldtohold

thehandlebars,topushoffwiththisfoot,topedalatthatspeed,toholdyourbalancehere,andsoon.Whenriding,

Weknowalltheseinstructions,butwedonottrytodothem.Theyjusthappen.（例如，假設(shè)你」E在學(xué)習(xí)如何騎自

行車。你被告知要握住車把，用這只腳蹬，以這樣的速度踩踏板，保持平衡，等等。當(dāng)我們騎馬時(shí)，我們

知道所有這些指示，但我們不嘗試去做。它們就這樣發(fā)生了。）“可知，以放松的方式騎馬可以幫助我們學(xué)

習(xí)騎自行車。故選C。

14.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段"It'ssomethingthathasamuchlongerhistorythanAldousHuxley-it,stheDaoist

ideaof4?WuWei.”Itistowalkthepaththatopensupandpushthedoorthatgives.Callitfate,divine（神圣的）

calling,orwhatever,butWuWeiistostopdoingwhatyouthinkisright,andtoletyourselfbepulledbysome

OtherPOWer.（這是一種比阿道斯?赫胥黎更悠久的歷史——它是道家的“無(wú)為而治”思想。它是去走那條打開(kāi)

的路，推開(kāi)那扇給予的門。你可以稱之為命運(yùn)，神的召喚，或者其他什么，但無(wú)為就是停止做你認(rèn)為正確

的事情，讓自己被其他力量所牽引。）“和第五段"Whenyouhaveamosquito（蚊子）bite,abrokenbone,ora

nosebleed,youleaveitbe.（當(dāng)你被蚊子咬了，骨折了，或者流鼻血了，你就不要管它。戶可知，忽略蚊蟲叮

咬可能是“無(wú)為”的例子。故選A。

15.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Theharderwetrywiththeconsciouswilltodosomething,thelessweshall

SUCCeed.（我們?cè)绞怯幸庾R(shí)地努力去做某事，我們就越不可能成功。）”和最后一段“Therearemanymomentsin

lifewhentryinghardermakesthingsWorSe.（生活中有很多時(shí)候，越努力結(jié)果越糟。）”及全文可知，文章主要

介紹了生活中有許多事情是無(wú)法通過(guò)更大的努力來(lái)改善的。有時(shí)候，生活需要你退一步。所以“TheHarder

YouTry,theHarderYouFall（你越努力，你就越失?。弊鳛槲恼聵?biāo)題最為合適。故選D0

6.【湖南師范大學(xué)附中2022.2023學(xué)年高一試題】

Inanewresearch,doctorsaremakinguseoffeaturefilmsinanattempttoencouragetheirpatientstotalk

morefreelyabouttheirproblems.Supportersoftfcfilmtherapy,,saythatdiscussingcharactersandplotlinesfroma

properfilmcanhelppeopletounderstandtheirfeelingsbetter.

OneofthoseusingthemethodisDrZhang,adoctorfromShanghai,whocharges￥250foraone-hour

“filmtherapy??session.Hesaid,4?Iwastreatingawomanwhohadbeenbadlyheartbrokeninarelationship,and

whowasexperiencingsuchstrongfeelingsthatitwasdifficultforhertospeakaboutthem.Itoldherthather

situationremindedmeofOntheWaterfront,wheretheherorealizeshisbrotherisdishonestandhefeelsagreat

senseOfbetrayaI（背叛）.Mypatientidentifiedsoeasilywithhimthatshestartedtocry.Watchinganddiscussing

thefilmunlockedallthefeelingsshehadburied.Eachtimeshewatchedandcried,shefeltbetter.

DrZhangadmitsthatfilmtherapydoesnotworkforeveryone,butsayshehasuseditsuccessfullywith

aboutathirdofhisclients."Throughthefilms'characters,plotsandevenmusic,itallowspeopletofacetheir

problems.HesaidthatFallingDown,inwhichMichaelDouglasplaysthepartofanunemployedmanwhoisso

depressedthatheusesviolence,wasanexampleofthedangerousresultsofnotlettingangergo.,,Iusedthisfilm

withapatientwhowasveryupsetbecausehewasholdingbackalotoftheangerhefelttowardspeoplewhohad

hurthim,??saidDrZhang.tfcWetalkedaboutMichaelDouglas,scharacterandtheviolentpathhetakes,andmy

patientthenrealizedthatheneededtoletgoofhisfeelingsmoreregularlysoasnottoburstoutlikeatime

bomb.,,

12.Whataredoctorsdoinginanewresearch?

A.Takingadvantageoffeaturefilmstohelppatients.

B.Talkingwithpatientsmuchmorethanbefore.

C.Sharingfeelingsaboutfilmplotswithpatients.

D.Tiyingtounderstandtheirpatientsbetter.

13.WhydidthepatientcrywhenshewatchedOntheWaterfront7

A.Shethoughtofherloversuddenly.

B.Sherealizedshehadbeencheated.

C.Shebroughthersufferingstomind.

D.Shewantedtoreleasehersorrow.

14.WhatdidthepatientdecidetodoafterdiscussingFallingDownwithDrZhang?

A.ToIeamalotfromMichaelDouglas.

B.Toreleasehisangeronaregularbasis.

C.Toactouthisangerthroughviolence.

D.Toforgivethosewhohad