2023年高考英語考試易錯題(學生版) 定語從句

專題06定法從旬Q戰(zhàn)2023年商考英「考「易不『題

【導入】

“鞅什么，卦什么”，率確迄用關(guān)系詞

1.如果先行詞指人，且定語從句中缺少主語，限制性定語從句中用who/that,非限制性

定語從句中用whOo

2.如果先行詞指人，且定語從句中缺少賓語，限制性定語從句中用who/that/whom,非

限制性定語從句中用whom。

3.如果先行詞指物，且定語從句中缺少主語或賓語，限制性定語從句中用which/that,

非限制性定語從句中用whicho

4.如果先行詞指時間，且定語從句中缺少時間狀語，定語從句中用when；如果先行詞

指地點，且定語從句中缺少地點狀語，則定語從句中用where；如果定語從句中缺少的是主

語或賓語，則用that/whicho

5.無論先行詞指人還是指物，只要關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作定語就用whose。

6.如果先行詞指人，“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導的定語從句中的關(guān)系詞用whom；如果先

行詞指物，“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導的定語從句中的關(guān)系詞用whicho

技巧1關(guān)系副詞引導的定語從句

畫畫囹網(wǎng)

1.ThenthedaycameIfinallyrealizedIhadtomakeachange.

【解析】考查定語從句。句意：后來有一天，我終于意識到我必須做出改變。分析句子可知，句子為限制

性定語從句，先行詞為theday,在從句中作時間狀語，應用關(guān)系副詞when引導。

故填：when。

【答案】when

金易錯點擊

關(guān)系在從句中與“介詞+關(guān)系

先行詞

副詞的作用代詞”的關(guān)系

表示時間的名詞：time,=at/in/on/

when作時間狀語

day,year等duringwhich

表示場所的名詞：park,

where作地點狀語=in/at/to/onwhich

place,country,house等

表示理由的名詞：the

why作原因狀語=forwhich

reason

(1)先行詞為有地點含義的抽象名詞point,position,situation,stage,state,case,scene,spot等后也常用

where引導定語從句。

Hesaidifweevergottothepointwhereweneededtouselifejackets,hewouldhavealreadydiedofterror.

他說假定我們真的到了需要用救生衣的地步，他早就嚇死了。

(2)thereason作先行詞時，若引導詞在從句中作主語或賓語，定語從句要用that或which引導。

Thebossdoesn'twanttohearanyreason(that/which)youmightgive.

老板不想聽你所提出的任何理由。

即時見g]

1.WereachedQuebecontheeighthday,mostpeoplespeakFrench.

2.Theplanisdesignedtocreatedanatmosphere,thestaffaremotivatedtoworkhard.

技巧2關(guān)系代詞whose引導的定語從句

畫畫囹畫

1,We'lltalkaboutaparticulartypeofcomfortfoodpowertendtobelinkedwithpositiveemotions.

【解析】考查定語從句。句意：我們將討論一種特殊類型的舒適食品，其功效往往與積極情緒有關(guān)。分析

句子可知，空處引導限制性定語從句，先行詞是food,指物，在從句中作power的定語，應用關(guān)系代詞

whose引導。

故填:whoseo

【答案】whose

⑥易錯點擊

關(guān)系代詞指代的對象及其作用

關(guān)系代詞指代對象在從句中的作用

who人作主語、賓語、表語

whom人作賓語

which事物作主語、賓語

that人或事物作主語、賓語、表語

whose人或事物作定語

人或事物，一般用于“such...as“"thesame...as”"as...

as作主語、賓語、表語

as”結(jié)構(gòu)中

即時見S

1.（2015?四川）Thebooksonthedesk,coversareshiny,areprizesforus.

A.whichB.whatC.whoseD.that

2.Inthisarticle,wewilltalkaboutaparticulartypeofcomfortfoodpowermainlyliesinthe

associationsitcallstomind.

基礎(chǔ)夯實

考點一關(guān)系代詞引導的定語從句

一、關(guān)系代詞的基本用法

先

行

關(guān)系代詞詞在從句中的作用

人

who主語、賓語、表語

人

whom賓語

物

which主語、賓語、表語

人

物

that或主語、賓語、表語

人

或物

whose定語

as主語、賓語、表語

Thelittleproblemsthatwemeetinourdailylivesmaybeinspirationsforgreatinventions.我們在日常生活中遇

到的小問題可能是偉大發(fā)明的靈感來源。

Myeldestson,whoseworktakeshimallovertheworld,isinNewYorkatthemoment.我大兒子的工作需要他

奔波于世界各地，他現(xiàn)在在紐約。

易錯提示

as用在限制性定語從句中時，常用于下列句式:such+名詞+as...（像...一樣的;像....之類的）;thesame+名

詞+as...（和...同樣的）

二、that和which的用法區(qū)別

只用that的情況先行詞是all、few、little、much、something>anythingsnothing等不/E代詞時

先行詞被theonly、thevery、thesame、all等修飾時

先行詞是序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級、被序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級修飾時

先行詞既有人又有物時

只用which的情況引導非限制性定語從句時

關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時

Readersattractssomanyaudiences,whichmeansthatitbecomesmoreandmorepopularinChina.

《讀者》雜志吸引了那么多的讀者，這意味著它在中國變得越來越受歡迎。

三、as和which的區(qū)別

asas引導非限制性定語從句，可放在主句前、中、后，as常譯為“正如……，像……常作實義動詞

(如see、know、expect、say等)的賓語。

whichwhich引導的非限制性定語從句只能置于主句后，常譯為“這一點；這件事”等，which引導的從句與

主句之間常含有并列或因果關(guān)系。

Astheoldsayinggoes,''Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.”

正如老話說的那樣：“有志者，事竟成?！?/p>

考點二關(guān)系副詞引導的定語從句

關(guān)系副用法例句

詞

when指時間，在從句中作時間狀語，相當Thedaysaregonewhenphysicalstrengthwasallyouneededto

于“in/at/on/during+makealiving.完全靠體力謀生的時代已經(jīng)一去不復返了。

which^^

where指地點，在從句中作地點狀語，相當Studentsshouldinvolvethemselvesincommunityactivitieswhere

于“in/at/on/to+which“theycangainvaluableexperience.

學生們應該參與社團活動，在這些活動中他們可以獲得寶貴的經(jīng)

驗。

why指原因，在從句中作原因狀語，相當Doyouknowthereasonwhyhedidn'tattendthemeetingyesterday?

于“for+which”你知道他昨天沒參加會議的原因嗎？

易錯提示

當先行詞為situation>case、stagepoint等，且關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作地點狀語時,常用關(guān)系副詞where引導。

Theirchildisatthestagewhereshecansayindividualwordsbutnotfullsentences.他們的孩子處于能說個別單

詞但不能說完整句子的階段。

考點三“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導的定語從句

一、“名詞/代詞+介詞+關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)引導的定語從句，表示部分與整體的關(guān)

系。此類結(jié)構(gòu)常見的有“some/several/afew/alittle/many/more/most/the

largest+of+which/whom”等形式。

Scientistshaveadvancedmanytheoriesaboutwhyhumanbeingscrytears,noneofwhichhasbeenproved.科學

家們提出了很多關(guān)于為什么人類在哭泣時流淚的理論，這些理論都尚未得到證實。

Manyyoungpeople,mostofwhomwerewell-educated,headedforremoteregionstochasetheirdreams.彳艮多年

輕人都去了偏遠的地區(qū)追求自己的夢想，他們中大部分都受過良好的教育。

二、在非限制性定語從句中，whose修飾物時可以轉(zhuǎn)換為“the+名詞+ofwhich”；

修飾人時，可以換為"the+名詞+ofwhom”。

Thenewly-builtcafe,whosewalls(=thewallsofwhich)arepaintedlightgreen,isreallyapeacefulplacefor

us,especiallyafterhardwork.這家新建成的咖啡館，墻被刷成了淺綠色，對我們來說真是一個安靜的地方，

特別是在辛苦工作后。

易錯提示

“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導定語從句時，介詞的賓語只能用which或whom,且不能省略。

September30isthedaybywhichyoumustpayyourbill.在9月30日之前你必須繳付賬單。

模擬演練

I、單項選擇

1.OppositeisSt.Paul'sChurch,youcanhearsomelovelymusic.

A.whomB.whoseC.asD.where

2.ThereareagreatnumberofattractionsinTianjin,IliketheAncientCulturalStreetbest.

A.whichB.whereC.amongthemD.amongwhich

3.Aftera57-dayhiking,theexplorersfinallyreachedaplace,theybelievedwastheSouthPole.

A.whichB.whereC.thatD.as

4.Studentsshouldinvolvethemselvesincommunityactivitiestheycangainexperienceforgrowth.

A.whenB.whereC.whichD.why

5.1thinkyou'vegottothepointachangeisneeded,otherwiseyou'llfail.

A.whenB.whereC.由atD.which

6.TuYouyouwasawardedtheNobelPrize,isconsideredoneofthehighestinternationalhonoursa

personcanreceive.

A.thatB.whatC.whichD.where

7.TherearehundredsofscenesinEnglishnovelscharacterswalkthroughalandscapeoffallenleaves,

whichmirrorstheirfeelings.

A.thatB.whereC.whichD.when

8.Heoftengoestoschoolbybike,helpshimkeepfit.

A.whereB.whichC.whenD.that

9.HerearefourexperimentswehavetofinishbeforeJune6th,twoshouldbedoneinthewild.

A.ofwhichB.whoseC.inwhichD.that

10.1placethosephotostakenwithmyfriendsIcanseethemeverydaysothatitcouldremindmeof

thosebeautifuldays.

A.whatB.thatC.whenD.where

1l.AttheChineseartfestival,therearedifferentstandsartistsdemonstratetheirskillsandteachthe

visitors.

A.whereB.whichC.thatD.when

12.Hemayhavemissedthetrain,hewon'tarriveinanotherhour.

A.inwhichcaseB.inthatcase

C.underwhichconditionD.onthatoccasion

n、語法填空

1GranddaughterGayleParks,31—worksalongsideherinthefamilybusiness-saiditremained

unknownastowhonominatedIrenefortheaward.

2.TheCrescentSpring,beautyattractstouristsfromhomeandabroad,hasbecomearomanticparadisefor

visitors.

3.Thesample,includes1JOOgramsoflunarrocksandsoil,islargerthanpreviousones.

4.1tmarkedthesuccessfulconclusionofChina'scurrentthree-steplunarexplorationprogramoforbitingand

landing,andbringingbacksamples,beganin2004.

5.Therisingnumberofwildbirdsinthereservehasbroughtabenefitforbirdwatchers,areabletospot

orientalstorks(東方白鶴)andotherwildbirdsevenoutsidethereserve.

6.Astheweathergetswarmerandtheairbecomesdrier,peopletendtofeeltheirmouthsandtonguesaredry,

cancausecoldsorcoughs.

7.PractisingyogaorTaiChicanhelptokeepourbodiessupple,inturncanlowerjointpainandhelpto

protectusfrominjury.

8.The2020SummerOlympics,wereplannedforthissummerinTokyo,havebeenformallyputoffuntil

2021becauseofCOVID-19.

9.InAug2019,Liangwonthegoldmedalatthe45thWorldSkillsCompetitioninElectronicsinKazan,Russia,

isthebiggestvocationaleducationandskillsexcellenceeventintheworld,organizedeverysecondyear

bytheWorldSkillsInternationalwithanaimtoshowtheskillsandpromotecareerofyouth.

lO.ThemostfamousoftheseistheGreatRedSpot,issobigthatEarthcouldfitinsideit.

11.Whileflyingthroughthewind,itproducedsoundlikethemusicproducedbygu-zheng,isa

traditionalChinesemusicalinstrument.

12.ThevalleyincludingamuseumclaimstobetheonlyplacevisitorscansafelyobservewildAsian

elephants.

in、短文填空

閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

It'sneverbeensoimportanttospendtimeoutside,1.that'sbecauseit*stheonlyplacetoexperiencedifferent

scenesorforthementalandphysicalgoodprovidedbyfreshairandexercise.It'snotalwayseasyto

be2.(motivate),which,however,iswherenaturecollectingcanhelp.

Startbylooking3,(closely)attheflowersinyourgardenortreesonyourstreetthaneverbefore.Howmany

speciesorunusualfeaturescanyouspot?Pickupafallenleaforexamineaprettyflower.Allowyourself

time4.(stop),breathe,switchonyoursensoryantenna(觸角)andconnectwiththebiggerpicture.Make5.extra

efforttolook,listen,smell,touchandtaste.Whenyouformnewhabits,whynotsetyourselfthechallengeof

collectingandidentifying100natura!6.(treasure)overtheseasons,7,(use)somerelevantknowledge?

Whenit8.(come)todisplayingyourfinds,therearemanymethodstoexplore,fromcontainerdisplays,and

pressed-flowerart9.otherworksofart.Youcanalsotakephotosormakedrawingsofliveanimals,rareplantsor

otheritems,10.youthinkneedtostayinthewild,suchasseashellsandpebbles(鵝pf)石)onthebeach.Makeit

personaland,aboveall,enjoy!

真題演練

【2022年】

1（2022新高考I卷）TheGPNPisintendedtoprovidestrongerprotectionforallthespecieslivewithin

theGiantPandaRangeandsignificantlyimprovethehealthoftheecosysteminthearea.

2（2022年浙江1月）KimCobb,aprofessorattheGeorgiaInstituteofTechnologyinAtlanta,isoneofasmallbut

growingminorityofacademicsarecuttingbackontheirairtravelbecauseofclimatechange.

[2021年】

1.（2021?天津卷）WilliamHastieoncesuggestedthathistoryinformsusofpastmistakeswecanlearn

withoutrepeatingthem.

A.fromwhichB.inwhichC.withwhomD.forwhom

2.（2021?天津卷）AttheChineseartfestival,therearedifferentstandsartistsdemonstratetheirskills

andteachthevisitors.

A.whereB.whichC.thatD.when

3.（2021年浙江1月卷）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

Inastudyof33yearsoftrendsinBodyMassIndex（體重指數(shù)）across200countries,thescientistsfound

thatpeopleworldwidearegettingheavier28.thatmostoftheriseisduetogainsinBMIinruralareas.

【2020年】

1.（2020-江蘇卷）Manylessonsarenowavailableonline,fromstudentscanchooseforfree.

A.whoseB.whichC.whenD.whom

2.（2020?天津卷）Dr.Rowan,secretaryresignedtwoweeksago,hashadtodoallhisown

typing.

A.whoseB.ofwhomC.ofwhichD.which

3.（2020?新課標III卷）InancientChinalivedanartist61paintingswerealmostlifelike.

【2019年】

1.[2019-江蘇卷】Wehaveenteredintoanagedreamshavethebestchanceofcomingtrue.

A.whichB.whatC.whenD.that

2.[2019-天津卷]Theirchildisatthestageshecansayindividualwordsbutnotfullsentences.

A.whyB.whereC.whichD.what

3.12019?新課標I卷】OneafternoonwhereIwasinprimaryschool,Iwaswalkingbytheschoolplayground.

4.【2019?新課標II卷】NowIreneAstburyworksfrom9amto5pmdailyatthepetshopinMacclesfield,

62sheopenedwithherlatehusbandLes.

5.【2019?新課標III卷】Theywerewelltrainedbytheirmasters64hadgreatexperiencewithcaring

fortheseanimals.

6.12019?新課標III卷】Inthecafe,customerswillenjoythemselvesinthehistoricalenvironmentwhatis

createdforthem.

7.[2019-浙江卷]Ontheedgeofthejacket,thereisapieceofcloth58givesofflightinthedark.

8.【2019?北京卷】Whatstudentsdoatcollegeseemstomattermuchmorethan8theygo.

9.【2019?北京卷】Thestudentsbenefittingmostfromcollegearethose9aretotallyengaged（參與）in

academiclife.

【2018年】

1.【2018?北京】Sheandherfamilybicycletowork,helpsthemkeepfit.

A.whichB.whoC.asD.that

2.12018?天津】Kae,sisterIsharedaroomwithwhenwewereatcollege,hasgonetoworkin

Australia.

A.whomB.thatC.whoseD.her

3.［2018-江蘇］Self-drivingisanareaChinaandtherestoftheworldareonthesamestartingline.

A.thatB.whereC.whichD.when

4.【2018?新課標I卷】Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin201466showed

amerefiveto10minutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromallcauses

(cause).

5.【2018?新課標I卷】Theyalsohadasmallpondwhichtheyraisedfish.Mygrandpasaidlastsummerthey

earnedquitealotby