2024屆高考英語(yǔ)高考語(yǔ)法專題復(fù)習(xí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 課件

ThePassiveVoice被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)01被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的概念02主動(dòng)變被動(dòng)的方法03主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)的情況04隨堂練習(xí)01

被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的概念

＊英語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)態(tài)有兩種：主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)＊主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者＊被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者

＊只有及物動(dòng)詞才有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)執(zhí)行者承受者主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：Thefatduckhitthefatgoose.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：Thefatgoosewashitbythefatduck.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+bep.p+by+賓語(yǔ)+其他成分現(xiàn)在過(guò)去將來(lái)過(guò)去將來(lái)一般am/is/aredonewas/weredonewill/shallbedonewould/shouldbedone進(jìn)行am/is/arebeingdonewas/werebeingdone//完成have/hasbeendonehadbeendonewill/shallhavebeendonewould/shouldhavebeendonebe+p.p★情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)是“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+過(guò)去分詞2.不知道或沒(méi)有必要指出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰(shuí)。1.強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者。3.動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者不是人而是無(wú)生命的事物。Thebookwastakenawaybymyteacher.Moretreesmustbeplantedeveryyear.Thehousewasstruckbylightening.在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中，主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者，主要用于下列幾種情況：4.習(xí)慣用法如beborn,belocated,bedressed,bedetermined,beseated,bedevoted等。02

主動(dòng)變被動(dòng)的方法

＊Wecleantheclassroom.＊Theclassroomiscleanedbyus.方法：1.賓變主，2.主變賓，前加by3.動(dòng)變被Thelittleprince句型一：主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)Rose＊Theygavethechildren

manybooks.＊Thechildrenweregivenmanybooksbythem.＊Manybooksweregiventothechildrenbythem.句型二：主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)方法：當(dāng)主動(dòng)句含有兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，有兩種方法變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句。1.間賓變主語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)變賓語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)主動(dòng)變被動(dòng)；2.直賓變主語(yǔ)，前面需添加適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~（for、to等），主語(yǔ)變賓語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)主動(dòng)變被動(dòng)。＊Tips:有些雙賓語(yǔ)及物動(dòng)詞在變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，不能將間接賓語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)化為被動(dòng)句的主語(yǔ)。主動(dòng)句：Shewrotemealongletter.被動(dòng)句：Iwaswrittenalongletter.(×）被動(dòng)句：A

longletterwaswrittentome.(√）RoseFox

句型三：主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)＊Wemadehim

leaderoftheteam.＊Hewasmadeleaderoftheteambyus.方法：1.賓變主，2.主變賓，前加by3.動(dòng)變被Fox＊Tips:使役動(dòng)詞和感官動(dòng)詞后接省略to的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，在變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，to要還原，不能省略（let除外）。若其后接現(xiàn)在分詞，在變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，保持不變。Theteachermadethestudentsstayintheclassroom.→Thestudentsweremadetostayintheclassroom.＊使役動(dòng)詞和感官動(dòng)詞有：一感（feel),二聽(tīng)（hear,listento),三讓（make,have,let),四看（lookat,see,watch,notice)主動(dòng)變被動(dòng)的步驟總結(jié)＊

Step1:一找__________＊

Step2:二定__________＊

Step3:三變__________＊

Step4:四別忘_________主賓時(shí)態(tài)be+p.pby03

主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)的情況1.在“be+形容詞+todo”中，不定式的邏輯賓語(yǔ)是句子的主語(yǔ)時(shí)。Thiskindofwaterisn’tfittodrink.(todrink的邏輯賓語(yǔ)是句子的主語(yǔ)water)Thegirlisn’teasytogetalongwith.(togetalongwith的邏輯賓語(yǔ)是thegirl)2.betoblame,betorent兩種結(jié)構(gòu)中用不定式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義Thehouseistorent.Thetruckdriverwastoblame.在“too...to”和”enoughto“結(jié)構(gòu)中，可用不定式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義Theboxistooheavytocarry.Nowmobilephonesarecheapenoughtobuy.3.在“have+賓語(yǔ)+todo”結(jié)構(gòu)中，句子主語(yǔ)是不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)時(shí)Doyouhaveanyhomeworktodo？不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)是you4.

某些介詞短語(yǔ)作表語(yǔ)時(shí)Theproblemisnowunderdiscussion.5.want,require,beworth,deserve,need后跟動(dòng)名詞時(shí),其含義相當(dāng)于動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)形式Thewallneedspainting.=Thewallneedstobepainted.04

隨堂練習(xí)stayed一、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.(重慶·改編)You'dbetterwritedownhernumberbeforeyou_________(forget)it.2.(四川·改編)She_____________(phone)someone，soInoddedtoherandwentaway.3.(福建·改編)—Haven'tseenyouforages!Wherehaveyoubeen?—IwenttoNingxiaand_________(stay)thereforoneyear,teachingasavolunteer.forgetwasphoning4.(全國(guó)I·改編)“Lifeislikewalkinginthesnow，”Grannyusedtosay，“becauseeverystep___________(show).”5.(浙江杭州一次質(zhì)檢·改編)MrWhite____________(work)inourschoolfornearlyfortyyearsbeforeheretiredlastmonth.6.(北京石景山一?！じ木?AlthoughtheEiffelTower_____________(design)tolast20years,itisstillstandingtoday.showshadworkedwasdesignedhaspassedarebeingcarried7.(襄陽(yáng)高三沖刺模擬·改編)Sheissoexcitedthatsheistheonlyone