2024年中考英語語法專項(xiàng)功能意念

語法精講：功能意念語法精講：功能意念重難點(diǎn)重難點(diǎn)1.Apology道歉當(dāng)我們需要表達(dá)歉意時(shí)，我們說I’msorry;如果表示“我真的很抱歉”，我們可以在sorry前用really或terribly修飾。作為應(yīng)答，我們應(yīng)該用That’sallright./Nevermind./Itdoesn’tmatter./Don’tworry.等表示“沒關(guān)系”。I’vebrokenyourglass.I’msorryaboutthat.That’sallright.2.Congratulations祝賀我們總是用Congratulations!來表示恭喜別人，應(yīng)答總是用Thanks.或Thankyou.當(dāng)別人告訴我們諸如獲勝的好消息時(shí)，我們可以用Welldone./Youdeservetowin./That’swonderfulnews.等來表示祝賀。1)Youwon2milliondollars.Congratulations!Thankyou.2)Iwonthefirstprize.Youdeservedtowin.3.Gratitude道謝向別人道謝可以說Thanks./Thankyou.要表達(dá)非常感謝，可以說Thankyouverymuch./Thankyouverymuchindeed./Thanksalot.表示“不用謝”的應(yīng)答句有：Youarewele./It’sapleasure./Mypleasure./Notatall.等Thankyouverymuch.It’smypleasure.4.Impression印象我們可以用Whatdoyouthinkof…?或Howdoyoulike…?來詢問對(duì)方對(duì)某事或某人的印象和看法。1)WhatdoyouthinkoftheGreatWall?It’smagnificent.2)HowdoyoulikethepeopleinShanghai?Theyareveryfriendly.5.Invitation邀請(qǐng)當(dāng)邀請(qǐng)別人來參加你的生日宴會(huì)等活動(dòng)時(shí)，可以用I’dliketoinviteyouto…來表示邀請(qǐng)。當(dāng)邀請(qǐng)別人和你一起去做某件事時(shí)，可以用Wouldyouliketojoinus?或Wouldyouliketogowithme?接受對(duì)方邀請(qǐng)的應(yīng)答是Thankyou.I’llbegladtoe.或Thanks.I’dlovetoe.如果表示拒絕對(duì)方的邀請(qǐng)，可以說I’dloveto,but…，這樣比較婉轉(zhuǎn)，再說聲Thankyouallthesame.以示感謝。1)I’dliketoinviteyoutohavedinnerwithmyfamilytonight.Thankyou.I’llbegladtoe.2)Wearegoingtoseeafilm.Wouldyouliketojoinus?I’dloveto,butIhavealotofhomeworktodo.Thankyouallthesame.6.Offers提供主動(dòng)提供幫助，我們可以說CanIhelpyou?/WhatcanIdoforyou?/Letmehelpyou./AnythingIcandotohelp?其中，CanIhelpyou?和WhatcanIdoforyou?還可以是商店?duì)I業(yè)員、圖書管理員等職員用來為顧客提供服務(wù)時(shí)所說的話。1)CanIhelpyou?Yes,I’dlikeacupacoffee.2)Letmehelpyou.No,thanks.Icanmanagebymyself.3)WhatcanIdoforyou?I’dliketobuyapairofshoes.向別人提供食物，我們可以說Wouldyoulike…?或Wouldyouliketohave…?請(qǐng)對(duì)方隨便吃東西時(shí)，我們說Helpyourselfto…，注意其應(yīng)答是Thanks。1)Wouldyoulikesometea?Yes,please.2)Wouldyouliketohavesomesteak?No,thanks.3)Helpyourselftosomefish.Thanks.主動(dòng)提出幫助對(duì)方做某事時(shí)，我們可以用ShallI…?/Wouldyoulikemeto…?或Letme…要注意應(yīng)答，即如何有禮貌地接受幫助或拒絕幫助。1)ShallIbookaticketforyou?Yes,please.That’sverykindofyou?2)Wouldyoulikemetogetapen?No,youneedn’t.Thankyouallthesame.7.Permission允許請(qǐng)求對(duì)方允許自己做某事時(shí)，我們常說May/CanI…?同意對(duì)方請(qǐng)求的應(yīng)答是Yes,youmay/can.或OK./Sure./Ofcourse./Certainly./Allright.不同意對(duì)方的請(qǐng)求時(shí)，我們說No,youmaynot./I’mafraidyoucan’t./You’dbetternot.1)MayIborrowyourpen?Yes,ofcourse.2)CanIwatchTVnow?I’mafraidyoucan’t.Youhaven’tfinishedyourhomeworkyet.我們還可以用Wouldyoumindmy(doing)…?或WouldyoumindifI…?來詢問對(duì)方是否介意自己做某事。表示不介意的應(yīng)答是Notatall./Ofcoursenot./Certainlynot.Pleasegoahead.如果介意，不希望對(duì)方這么做，我們說I’mafraid…,并給個(gè)理由1)Wouldyoumindmysittinghere?Ofcoursenot.2)WouldyoumindifIsmokehere?You’dbetternot.8.Request請(qǐng)求請(qǐng)求對(duì)方幫忙，我們用Can/Could/Will/Wouldyouhelpme…?或Please…forme.答應(yīng)幫助對(duì)方時(shí)，我們說OK./Sure./Ofcourse./Certainly./Allright./Noproblem.如果不能幫忙，我們說sorry，…并給個(gè)理由。1)Couldyouhelpmecarrythebox?Sure.2)Pleaseposttheletterformeonyourwaytoschool.Sorry,I’mnotgoingtoschooltoday.我們還可以用Wouldyoumind(doing)…?來詢問對(duì)方是否介意做某事。Wouldyoumindopeningthedoor?Notatall.我們用Can/MayI…?來表示請(qǐng)求對(duì)方同意自己做某事。1)MayIein?Yes,please.2)CanIjoinyou?Sure,youarewele.9.Suggestions建議向?qū)Ψ教岢鼋ㄗh，我們可以用：Let’s…,shallwe?/Shallwe…?/What/Howabout(doing)…?/Whynot…?/Whydon’tyou/we…?/I’dsuggest…注意應(yīng)答句的使用，即表示接受或婉拒別人的建議。1)Let’sgoforawalk,shallwe?Yes,let’sgo.2)Shallweleavenow?OK.3)HowabouttakingatriptoSuzhou?That’sagoodidea.4)Whatwouldyousuggestwedo?I’dsuggestwegotothebeach.5)Whydon’tyougotothemuseum?Idon’tfeellikeit.10.Willingness意愿表達(dá)意愿最常用的是Iwouldliketo或Iwouldloveto。WouldyouliketoworkattheSouthPoleinthefuture?Yes,I’dloveto.11.Worry擔(dān)憂我們常用I’m(abit)worriedabout…來表達(dá)自己對(duì)某人或某事的擔(dān)心。勸告別人不要擔(dān)心，我們說Don’tworry.或Takeiteasy.等PracticePractice1.區(qū)分：Wouldyouliketodo…?/Wouldyoulikesb.todo…?例1：TimandIwillvisittheexhibitionthisweekend.Wouldyouliketojoinus?______.(2013)A)Welldone B)That’sright C)You’rewele D)I’dloveto例2：Wouldyoulikemetobringyouacupofcoffee?______.(2008)A)Yes,I’dliketo B)It’sapleasure C)Yes,please D)Itdoesn’tmatter例3：Wouldyouliketogocampingwithusthisweekend?______.ButI’mbusywithmyhomework.A)No,thanks B)Thankyou C)I’dliketo D)That’sagoodidea例4：Wouldyoulikemetobooktwoticketsforyouthisafternoon?______.That’sverykindofyou.A)Yes,please B)It’sapleasure C)Yes,I’dliketo D)Nevermind2.Nevermind含義是“沒關(guān)系”例5：Wouldyoumindhelpingmetocollectsomeinformation?______.A)Nevermind. B)Takeiteasy. C)Ofcoursenot. D)You’rewele.例6：I’msorryI’vetakenyourbookbymistake.______A)That’sright. B)Nevermind. C)You’rewele. D)Ofcoursenot.HomeworkHomeworkMayIaskyouaquestion,Mr.Smith?______A.No,thanks. B.I’dloveto. C.Yes,pleasegoahead. D.No,youcan’t.CanItakeaseathere,sir?______.Myfriendwillbebacksoon.A.It’shardtosay B.Goahead C.Yes,please D.I’mafraidnot–Wouldyoulikemetodriveyouneartheworkplace?______A.I’llgotherebybus. B.Thanks,that’sverykindofyou.C.Ithinkit’sfartogettotheworkplace. D.Sorrytotroubleyou.Youdon'thavetoplaythatrecordsoloud,doyou?______.A.I'msorrytohearthat B.Don'tworry C.I'msorrytohavebotheredyou D.I'mbored. WhatwouldyousuggesttheGradeNinestudentsdointhelasttwomonths?I'dsuggesttheyworkhardandhaveagoodrest.______.A.Goodidea. B.Yes,Iagree. C.Welldone. D.It'shardtosay.Thankyousomuchforthepresentyousentme.______A.Pleasedon’tsayso. B.It’snotsogood,Ithink.C.No,thanks. D.I’mgladyoulikeit.WouldyoumindbookingmeawindowseatonthenextflighttoBeijingonline?______,I’msobusynow.I’lldoitlater.A.Notatall B.Allright C.Sorry D.Nevermind______Sorry.Sheisn’tathomenow.A.MayIspeaktoLinda? B.AreyouLinda? C.DoyouknowLinda? D.CanIhelpyou,Linda?IfeelsonervousabouttheEnglishSpeechpetitiontomorrow.______A.That’scool. B.Takeiteasy. C.Soundsgreat. D.Gladtohearthat.Iamafraidtheworkistoodifficultformetofinishbymyself.______A.Welldone! B.Don’tgiveitup! C.Haveagoodday! D.Goodidea!Wearetobevolunteersthisweekend.Willyoujoinus,Mary?______A.Notatall. B.Metoo. C.Sure.I’dloveto. D.That’sallright.Wearegoingtoholdanactivitytoraisesomemoneyforourclubthisweekend.______IwillhelpyouifIamavailable.A.Itdoesn’tmatter. B.Soundsgreat! C.Yes,please. D.You’rewele.Ourschooldancinggroupwonfirstprizeinthedancingpetitionlastweek.______A.Really?Areyoukidding? B.Goodluck!C.Congratulations! D.Iagreewithyou.Howaboutraisingsomemoneyforthepeopleinneed?______A.Nevermind. B.Notatall. C.Goodidea. D.That’sallright.CanyouteachmehowtouseiCloud?______A.Yes,ofcourse. B.No,thanks. C.Yes,please. D.No,youneedn’t.Wouldyoumindpassingmethesalt?______A.No,thanks. B.Don’tworry.Iwillhelpyou.C.Notatall.Hereyouare. D.Yes,please.Mycarwasbadlydamagedintheaccident.______A.It’sapleasure. B.Howterrible!C.Congratulations! D.That’sagoodidea!Takeaseatandmakeyourselfathomehereinourapartment.______A.Thesametoyou. B.Youarewele. C.Thankyou. D.I’dloveto.IamafraidTimisnotgoingtojoinyouthistime.______A.Whatapity! B.It’sverykindofyou!C.That’sright!