Unit1DreamHomes知識(shí)講義牛津譯林版英語(yǔ)七年級(jí)下冊(cè)

牛津版譯林英語(yǔ)7B知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)Unit1DreamHomes1.dreamhomes夢(mèng)想家園（P6）【知識(shí)點(diǎn)一】:dream/dri?m/(1)adj.理想的;夢(mèng)中的(2)cn.夢(mèng)想,理想one’sdreamestrue某人的夢(mèng)想實(shí)現(xiàn)daydream白日夢(mèng)、空想inyourdreams你妄想Eg.Mydaughter'sdreamistobeamodel.Hisdreamwilletruesoon.(3)vi.做夢(mèng)dreamof/about(doing)sth.夢(mèng)想/夢(mèng)見(jiàn)(做)某事Eg.Hesaysheneverdreams.Thehomelesschildoftendreamedabout/of(returning)home.2.—Wouldyouliketoliveinapalace（宮殿）?—No,I'dliketolivenexttoarestaurant.Therearetwentyrestaurantsintown.（P6）【知識(shí)點(diǎn)一】:wouldlike的用法(1)would:情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,無(wú)人稱和數(shù)的變化;人稱代詞作主語(yǔ),?？s寫(xiě)為’d(2)wouldlikesth.=wantsth想要某物wouldliketodosth.=wanttodosth.想要做某事wouldlikesb(not)todosth.=wantsb(not)todosth.想要某人(不)做某事(3)回答:“Wouldyoulike…?”意為“你想要…嗎？”用來(lái)征求意見(jiàn)或發(fā)出邀請(qǐng)—Wouldyoulikesth.?—Yes,please./—No,thanks.—Wouldyouliketodosth.?—Yes,I’dlike(love)to.(其中不能省略to)—Sorry,but…(but后面加上理由)—I’dliketo,but…【隨堂練習(xí)】(1)—Wouldyouliketogoswimmingwithmethisafternoon?—,butIhavealotofhomeworktodo.A.I'dlovetoB.Yes,let'sgoC.No,Iwon'tD.Itdoesn'tmatter(2)—CouldyoutellmehowtopayforthefoodbyQRcode(二維碼)onthephone?—.A.TakeiteasyB.Itdoesn'tmatterC.You’reweleD.Sure,I'dloveto【知識(shí)點(diǎn)二】:nextto方位介詞短語(yǔ),緊靠,在…近旁=beside（behindprep.在…后面）Eg.Thesupermarketisnextto/besidemyhome.補(bǔ)：nextadj.下一個(gè)（反：last上一個(gè)）nextday/week/month/year(將來(lái)時(shí))【知識(shí)點(diǎn)三】:intown在鎮(zhèn)上inthetown在這個(gè)鎮(zhèn)上，特指【知識(shí)點(diǎn)四】:livev.居?、賚ivein+地點(diǎn)liveinaflat住在一個(gè)公寓里②livewithsb.和某人住在一起③liveon以…謀生liveongrass④livea+adj.life過(guò)著…的生活liveahappylife3.ThebiggestoneinFifthStreet！第五大街上最大的那家?。≒6）【知識(shí)點(diǎn)一】:big比較級(jí)：bigger最高級(jí)：biggest最高級(jí)前面必須有定冠詞the【知識(shí)點(diǎn)二】:辨析one和itone泛指同類不同人/物指代單數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)：onesit特指同類同物指代單數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)：they/them【隨堂練習(xí)】(1)—Excuseme,Iwantsomebooks,butIcan’tfindabookshophere.—Iknow_______onmywayhome.ewithme,please.A.thisB.oneC.itD.that補(bǔ)：this這個(gè)（復(fù)）these這些that那個(gè)（復(fù)）those那些4.IsTokyothecapitalofJapan?東京是日本的首都嗎？（P7）【知識(shí)點(diǎn)一】:capitalcn.(1)首都；省會(huì)thecapitalof……的首都注意：詢問(wèn)首都用what—What’sthecapitalofChina?—Beijing.(2)大寫(xiě)字母capitalletter拓展：國(guó)家國(guó)人語(yǔ)言首都名勝JapanJapaneseJapaneseTokyoMountFujiChinaChineseChineseBeijingtheGrateWalltheUSAAmericanAmericanWashingtontheWhiteHouseRussiaRussianRussianMoscowRedSquaretheUKBritishEnglishLondonBigBenFranceFrenchFrenchParistheEiffelTowerCanadaCanadianFrench/EnglishOttawatheCNTower5.Homesaroundtheworld世界各地的家（P8）【知識(shí)點(diǎn)一】辨析：home&house&familyhome:出生地；家鄉(xiāng)；故鄉(xiāng)eg.Ilovemyhome.house:居住的建筑物eg.Thisismynewhouse.family:①家庭；整體,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)eg.Myfamilyisalargeone.②家人；個(gè)體,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)eg.Myfamilylikereading.【知識(shí)點(diǎn)二】:aroundtheworld全世界=allovertheworld=intheworldEg.Iwouldliketotravelaroundtheworld.6.Iliveinatown15milesfromLondon.我住在離倫敦15英里的一個(gè)鎮(zhèn)上。（P8）【知識(shí)點(diǎn)一】:far(away)from離……遠(yuǎn)1.有far無(wú)距離，away任意添，兩地相距from數(shù)詞+(away)fromsp.2.對(duì)距離提問(wèn),用howfar3.mile:(n.)英里=1.6千米(pl.)miles【隨堂練習(xí)】(1)Theshoppingmallis3milesmyschool.A.不填B.awayC.farawayD.awayfrom(2)—isitfromyourhometoyourpany?—It'sfivekilometres.A.HowlongB.HowfarC.HowoftenD.Howmuch7.Ialwayshavefunwithmydogthere.在哪兒，我總是和我的狗玩的很開(kāi)心。（P8）havefunwithsb./sth.和某人/某物玩得開(kāi)心havefundoingsth.做某事很開(kāi)心havefun=haveagoodtime=enjoyoneself(myself/yourself/youselves……)+doingsth.【隨堂練習(xí)】(1)Look!Allthechildrenfunintheswimmingpool.A.have;toswimB.have;swimmingC.arehaving;swimmingD.arehaving;toswim8.IliveinaflatinthecenterofMoscow.Ourflatisontheseventhfloor.我住在莫斯科中心的一幢公寓中。我們的公寓在第七層。（P8）【知識(shí)點(diǎn)一】:inthecentreof在……中間,在……中央英式寫(xiě)法:centre美式寫(xiě)法:centereg.Theshoppingmallisinthecentreofthetown.【知識(shí)點(diǎn)二】:ontheseventhfloor在第七層onthe+序數(shù)詞+floor(1)flat/house/room等詞搭配使用的介詞為in(2)與floor(n.地板,樓層,底部)等詞搭配使用的介詞為on【隨堂練習(xí)】1.ThemanesfromMoscow,andhelivesthesecondflooratallbuildinginthecityofParis.A.in;inB.in;onC.on;inD.on;on2.Mr.Smithlivesthatbuilding.Hishouseisthefifthfloor.A.in;onB.of;toC.on;inD.to;at3.Thegirllivesatallbuildingabusystreethermother.A.on;in;andB.in;on;withC.at;at;withD.in;at;and4.Whichfloordoeshelive______thisflat?A.in B.on C.inon D.onin9.ThelivingroomisthebestplacetochatandwatchTV.客廳是聊天和看電視最好的地方。（P8）【知識(shí)點(diǎn)一】:thebestplacetodosth.動(dòng)詞不定式做后置定語(yǔ)修飾place【知識(shí)點(diǎn)二】:and連接兩個(gè)并列的動(dòng)詞不定式，后一個(gè)常省to10.Ishareabedroomwithmysister.我和妹妹共享一間臥室。（P8）【知識(shí)點(diǎn)一】:share/?e?(r)/(1)v.合用;分享sharesth.withsb.和某人共享…shareone'sjoy/sadness分享某人的快樂(lè)/悲傷(2)n.股份、一份Eg.Nextyearwehopetohaveabiggershareofthemarket.明年我們希望得到更大的市場(chǎng)份額。11.Weoftenlistentomusicinbed.我們經(jīng)常躺在床上聽(tīng)音樂(lè)。（P8）(1)inbed(躺)在床上Don'treadinbed.不要躺在床上看書(shū)。(2)onthebed表示某樣?xùn)|西在床上Thereisabookonthebed.床上有本書(shū)。12.Ihavemyownbedroomandbathroom.我有自己的臥室和浴室。（P8）【知識(shí)點(diǎn)一】:own/??n/(1)adj.自己的①one’sownsth.=sth.ofone’sown某人自己的…h(huán)avemyownstudy=haveastudyofmyown我有我自己的書(shū)房②onone’sown=byoneself=alone獨(dú)自地他能夠獨(dú)自去上學(xué)。Hecangotoschool_____________/____________/_____________.(2)v.擁有，相當(dāng)于have(3)n.owner物主，所有人【隨堂練習(xí)】1.Ihopeyouacar.A.tohave;ofyourownB.tohave;ofmyownC.willhave;toyourownD.willhave;ofyourown2.Amyhasabedroomandabathroomofher_________(自己的).13.Ilovetositthereandlookoutatthebeachandthesea.（P8）我喜歡坐在那里，向外眺望海灘和海?！局R(shí)點(diǎn)一】:lookout向外看，小心=becareful/takecarelookoutat+看的對(duì)象向外看某物lookoutof+看的途徑從…向外看【區(qū)別】(1)lookatthesea看大海(2)lookoutatthesea朝外看大海(3)lookoutofthewindow朝窗外看(4)lookoutofthewindowatthesea朝窗外看大?！狙a(bǔ)】looklike看起來(lái)像lookup查閱(字典/資料),向上看lookafter照顧lookfor尋找(強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作)lookover仔細(xì)檢查lookthrough瀏覽【隨堂練習(xí)】1.It’sgoodforyoureyestothegreentreesforaminuteortwo.A.lookoutofB.lookoutatC.lookoutfromD.lookforat2.Stephenlikeslookingoutthewindowthesea.A.at;onB.of;onC.at;ofD.of;at【知識(shí)點(diǎn)二】:beachcn.海灘復(fù)數(shù)beachesonthebeach在海灘上Eg.Manypeoplearewalkingonthebeach.14.TheCNtoweris1,815feettall.加拿大國(guó)家電視塔有1815英尺高。（P11）【知識(shí)點(diǎn)一】:footcn.復(fù)數(shù)：feet(1)英尺≈30.48cminch英寸（約2.54cm）*1foot=12inches(2)腳，足onfoot步行【知識(shí)點(diǎn)二】:描述物體的表達(dá)方式(1)sth.+be+數(shù)詞+表單位的詞+形容詞(2)sth.+be+數(shù)詞+表單位的詞+in+名詞單位長(zhǎng)寬高深形容詞longwidehighdeep名詞lengthwidthheightdepthEg.Thebridgeis10meters________(寬)and50meters________(長(zhǎng)).=Thebridgeis10metersin________(寬)and50metersin________(長(zhǎng)).15.RedSquareinMoscowisabout91,000squaremetresinsize.（P11）莫斯科的紅廠大約有91000平方米大。【知識(shí)點(diǎn)一】:square(1)cn.廣場(chǎng)(2)adj.平方的squaremetres平方米(3)adj.正方形的squareface方臉【知識(shí)點(diǎn)二】:insize在尺寸方面16.Francehasanareaofover260,000squaremiles.法國(guó)的占地面積超過(guò)260,000平方英里。（P11）【知識(shí)點(diǎn)一】:area/?e?r??/(cn.)面積，地區(qū)，區(qū)域indifferentareas在不同的區(qū)域haveanareaof占…面積【知識(shí)點(diǎn)二】:表達(dá)面積的句型:sth.is...insize.=sth.has(covers)anareaof...=sth.’sareais...Chinahas/coversan_area_of9.6millionsquarekilometresChinais9.6millionsquarekilometres_insize__.China'sarea__is__9.6millionsquarekilometres.17.Thereareabout8,000,000peoplelivinginLondon.大約有8000，000人住在倫敦。（P11）【知識(shí)點(diǎn)一】:therebe句型(threebe+n)①表示某地有…,用therebe句型,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞就近原則。Eg.There(be)anartroom,amusicroomandtwoputerroomsinourschool.②表示有事情要做,用therebesthtodo。Eg.Therearelotsofthings(see)inBeijing..③表示有某人正在做某事,用therebesbdoingsth.。Eg.Ongameshows,therearealwaysfamouspeople(talk)abouttheirlives.18.Heisalwaysthefirsttoetoschoolinourclass.在我們班上，他總是第一個(gè)來(lái)學(xué)校。（P12）【知識(shí)點(diǎn)一】:bethefirsttodosth.第一個(gè)做某事的人/事物bethelasttodosth.最后一個(gè)做某事的人/事物Eg.IsJackoftenthefirst_________(leave)theclassroominhisclass?19.Yourhouseisreallydifferentfromtheflathereinourtown.你的房子和我們城里的公寓真的不一樣。（P14）【知識(shí)點(diǎn)一】:differentadj.不同的bedifferentfrom與…不同bethesameas與…相同20.Yourgardenisfullofflowers.Itlooksbeautiful.你的花園滿是花。它看起來(lái)真的很漂亮。（P14）【知識(shí)點(diǎn)一】:full(1)adj.滿的滿是befullof=befilledwithEg.Thelibraryisfullofbooks.=Thelibraryisfilledwithbooks.(2)adj.完整的；飽的Eg.Pleasewritedownyourfullnameonit.Eg.Youcan'trunonafullstomach.【隨堂練習(xí)】1.—Thebuilding______abiggardenismyuncle’s.Andhelikesthegarden______flowersbest.A.has;isfullofB.thereis;fullof C.with;isfullof D.with;fullof21.Ihopetovisityousomeday.我希望將來(lái)的某一天能來(lái)你家。（P14）【知識(shí)點(diǎn)一】:hope希望(1)hopetodosth.(2)hope(that)sb.will/candosth.【知識(shí)點(diǎn)二】:someday某一天；將來(lái)有一天用將來(lái)時(shí)oneday某一天，可以指過(guò)去，也可以指將來(lái)22.MayIspeaktoDaniel,please?我能和丹尼爾通話嗎？（P14）【知識(shí)點(diǎn)一】:常用用語(yǔ)：Who’sthatspeaking?請(qǐng)問(wèn)你是哪位？Isthat…(speaking)?你是…嗎?Thisis…(speaking)?我是…Speaking,please.請(qǐng)講。Holdon,please./Waitaminute,please.請(qǐng)稍等?！倦S堂練習(xí)】1.—Hello，mayIspeaktoJill,please?—__________.A.Yes,youcan.B.Whoareyou?C.Iamspeaking.D.Who’sthatspeaking.23.Idon'thavetheirnumber.Canyoutakeamessageformetothem?我沒(méi)有他們的號(hào)碼。你可以幫我給他們捎個(gè)信嗎？（P14）【知識(shí)點(diǎn)一】:message/?mes?d?/(cn.)消息，音信takeamessageforsb.為某人傳話/捎個(gè)信takeamessagetosb.給某人傳話/捎個(gè)信leaveamessage留言(1)I______(leave)amessageonyourdeskabouttomorrow'stasksjustnow.【知識(shí)點(diǎn)二】辨析message/news/informationmessage(cn.)消息；音信news(un.)新聞；消息information(un.)信息【知識(shí)點(diǎn)三】:may情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(1)可以用來(lái)征求意見(jiàn)或表示允許Eg.MayIein?(2)也許，可能表示一種可能性或推測(cè)（通常會(huì)出現(xiàn)I’mnotsure.）Eg.Imaybelate.24.Canyouaskhimtocallmeback?你能叫他給我回嗎？（P14）【知識(shí)點(diǎn)一】askv.讓；要求asksb.todosth.要求某人做某事asksb.nottodosth.要求某人不做某事類似的結(jié)構(gòu):makesb.(not)dosthletsb.(not)dosthhavesb.(not)dosth.tellsb(not)todosthwantsb.(no)todosthwishsb.(not)todosthwouldlikesb.(not)todosth.【知識(shí)點(diǎn)二】與call相關(guān)的短語(yǔ)：1.callback回2.callatsp.拜訪某地3.callonsb.拜訪某人4.callforsth.(help)要求，需要某物5.calloff取消【隨堂練習(xí)】(1)Ialwaystellmystudentsontheroadbecauseit'sreallydangerous.A.nottoplayB.toplaynotC.notplayingD.notplay(2)Mothertellsthevisitorwalkquietlyandwakethebabyup.A.to;toB.notto;nottoC.notto;toD.to;notto(3)EvenTony’sgranddaughter,afiveyearoldgirl,askedhim_________smoking.A.giveupB.gaveupC.togiveup D.givingup(4)Mywatchisbroken.IwanttoaskmyfriendJack__________itforme.A.checkB.tocheck C.help D.tohelp【知識(shí)點(diǎn)二】call/k??l/(v.)打，稱呼，召喚callsb.back給某人回,代詞放中間callsb.(up)=ringsb.(up)=givesb.acall/ring給某人打callfor=askfor需求；要求25.Mydreamhomeisatthefootofahill.我夢(mèng)想的家坐落在山腳下。（P17）【知識(shí)點(diǎn)一】atthefootof…在……腳下foot底部，復(fù)數(shù)feetatthefootofahill在一座山腳下at/onthetopofahill在一座山頂上26.Thereisalwaysmorethanenoughfoodthere.那兒總是有很多很多的食物。（P17）【知識(shí)點(diǎn)一】:enough(1)adj.足夠的放名詞前面have+enough+n+todosth.(2)adv.足夠地放形容詞和副詞后面be+adj.+enough+todosth.(3)morethanenough足夠多;太多27.Iwouldliketoinvitemyfriendstowatchfilmswithme.我想要邀請(qǐng)我的朋友和我一起看電影。（P17）【知識(shí)點(diǎn)一】:invite/?n?va?t/(vt.)邀請(qǐng)(1)invitesb.todosth.邀請(qǐng)某人去做某事Eg.Thankyousomuchfor_________(invitie)metoyourbirthdayparty.(2)invitesb.tosomeplace/sth.邀請(qǐng)某人去某地或參加某項(xiàng)活動(dòng)Eg.Iwant________(invite)Tomtomybirthdayparty.(3)invitation/??nv??te??n/n.邀請(qǐng)aninvitationletter一封邀請(qǐng)函28.Eachroomhasanewputerandallthebedsarefortable.每間房間都有臺(tái)新電腦，所有的床都很舒服。（P17）【知識(shí)點(diǎn)一】:each①限定詞，每個(gè)修飾可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，做主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)Eg.Eachstudenthasabook.②代詞，每人，每個(gè)做主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù);做同位語(yǔ)，放主語(yǔ)后，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。Eg.Eachofushasaroom.=Weeachhavearoom.辨析:each和everyeach用于兩者及以上的每一個(gè)，強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體，可以直接跟of。如eachofthem/you/usevery用于三者及以上的每一個(gè)，強(qiáng)調(diào)整體，后面不能直接跟of，如要表示每一個(gè)，可用everyone。如everyoneofthem/you/us【隨堂練習(xí)】1.Eachstudent_____________(have)abookinhishand.2.Eachofthestudents______________(have)abookinhishand.3.Thestudentseach______________(have)abookinhishand.4.On______sideoftheroad,weplantlotsoftrees.A.bothB.allC.eachD.every【知識(shí)點(diǎn)二】:fortable(adj.)舒服的,舒適的副：fortably反：unfortable29.Myfriendsliketoeandstayhere.我的朋友喜歡來(lái)呆在這里。（P17）【知識(shí)點(diǎn)一】:stay（三單stays過(guò)去stayed）(1)v.停留,逗留stay(at)home待在家里stayinbed呆在床上(2)v.保持=keepstay/keephealthy保持健康stayup不睡，熬夜Don'tstayuptoolate!(3)n.停留,逗留Howlongisyourstayherethistime?【隨堂練習(xí)】1.“__________(停留)thereanddon'tmove!”apolicemansaidtothatman.30.Itisgreatfun.它是很有趣的事。（P17）【知識(shí)點(diǎn)一】:funun.樂(lè)趣，趣事重點(diǎn)區(qū)別:(1)Itisfuntodosth.變形：Whatgreatfunitistodosth.(2)havefundoingsth.變形：Whatgreatfunsbhavedoingsth.1.Whatgreatfunitis_________(have)atrip!2.Whatgreatfunwehad_________(have)abigdinnerwithher!31.Wewillhave_______________(三天的)holiday.=Wewillhavea_______________holiday.【隨堂練習(xí)】1.Thewallis___________.It’sa_____________wall.A.fivemetrelong;fivemetreslongB.fivemetreslong;fivemetrelongC.fivemetreslong;fivemetrelongD.fivemetrelong;fivemetreslong32.Iknowlotsofcountries,suchasCanada,France,JapanandRussia.【知識(shí)點(diǎn)一】:suchassuchas：與like用法類似，舉同類事物中的多個(gè)例子。forexample：逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)，舉同類事物中的一個(gè)例子。Eg.There'remanykindsofpollution(污染),forexample,noiseisakindofpollution.語(yǔ)法.基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞（一）基數(shù)詞構(gòu)成及讀法1.112為獨(dú)立的單詞,分別是one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve2.1319都以teen結(jié)尾thirteen,fourteen,fifteen,sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen3.2090之間的“整十”都以ty結(jié)尾twenty,thirty,forty,fifty,sixty,seventy,eighty,ninety4.2099之間的“幾十幾”,先說(shuō)“幾十”,再說(shuō)“幾”,且中間加連詞符。如:22twentytwo,49fortynine,5.101999之間的非整百的基數(shù)詞讀法為：百位數(shù)和十位數(shù)(或個(gè)位數(shù))之間用and連接。如:608sixhundredandeight,732sevenhundredandthirtytwo6.四位數(shù)及以上的基數(shù)詞讀法為：先將數(shù)字從右向左每三位加一個(gè)逗號(hào)，第一個(gè)逗號(hào)讀thousand(千)，第二個(gè)逗號(hào)讀million(百萬(wàn))，第三個(gè)逗號(hào)讀billion(十億)，讀數(shù)時(shí)從左向右依次讀出來(lái)。如:7,003seventhousandandthree99,110,206ninetyninemillion,onehundredandtenthousand,twothousandandsix2,100,010,001twobillion,onehundredmillion,tenthousandandone（二）基數(shù)詞的部分用法1.表順序由單數(shù)名詞+基數(shù)詞，此時(shí)名詞和基數(shù)詞第一個(gè)字母大寫(xiě)。如:ClassOne,Room306,LessonOne(=thefirstlesson),Page108,No.9MiddleSchool2.確數(shù)與概數(shù)的表達(dá)計(jì)數(shù)單位hundred,thousand,million,billion①確數(shù):基數(shù)詞+計(jì)數(shù)單位的單數(shù)+名詞復(fù)數(shù)Therearesixhundredworkersinthisfactory.注意:hundred,thousand,million,billion用單數(shù)②概數(shù):計(jì)數(shù)單位的復(fù)數(shù)+of+名詞的復(fù)數(shù)ThousandsofvisitorshaveetoHangzhouinthelasttwoweeks.③特定范圍：基數(shù)詞+計(jì)數(shù)單位的單數(shù)+of+the+名詞復(fù)數(shù)基數(shù)詞+計(jì)數(shù)單位的單數(shù)+of+人稱代詞賓格（them）twohundredofthestudents那些學(xué)生中的兩百個(gè)（特定范圍）3.“整十”的基數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式可用于表示“幾十年代”或“在某人多少歲時(shí)”。inthe1960s在二十世紀(jì)六十年代Myfatherisinhisfifties.我的爸爸五十多歲。4.“a