2024年英語中考復(fù)習(xí)專題介詞動詞（動名詞不定式）

介詞＆介詞＆動名詞&動詞不定式PresentationPresentation介詞表示時間的介詞in,on,at的用法其他表示時間的介詞表示地點和方向的介詞其他常用介詞介詞與動詞的搭配介詞與形容詞和名詞的搭配一、表示時間的介詞1. in,on,at的用法介詞用法舉例at+時刻或相當(dāng)于時刻的詞at7:30atnoonatChristmas固定搭配atoncein+年份in2017+月份inJune+季節(jié)insummer+一日的早中晚inthemorning+朝代intheTangDynasty+世紀(jì)，年代inthe21stcentury+一段時間inthreeyearson+星期onMonday+日期on1stJune,2017+一天的節(jié)日onTeachers’Day+具體一天的早中晚onthemorningof30May+其他onacoldmorning2. 其他表示時間的介詞介詞舉例after在…之后afterschoolbefore在…之前beforeclassby到…為止bytheendoflastweekduring在…期間duringtheafternoonfor持續(xù)…時間foralongtimepast過去twentypastfourfrom…to…從…到…frommorningtoeveningsince自從since2017till/until直到…為止tilllastweekwithin在…以內(nèi)withinthreedays二、表示地點和方向的介詞介詞意義舉例above在…上方Millionsofstarsarehighaboveinthesky.across橫穿goacrossthestreetalong沿著…alongtheriverbankamong在…之間amongthemountainsaround圍繞…aroundhisneckat靠近atthezoobetween在…之間betweenthetwocitiesbehind在…后面behindthehousebeside在…旁邊besidethetreeby靠近bythewindowdown向下rundownthehillfrom來自startfromEnglandin在…里面intheclassroominfrontof在…前面infrontofthehouseinside內(nèi)部insidetheboxinto進(jìn)入….gointotheroomnear在…附近neartheparkoff離開…jumpoffthetreeon在…上面onthedeskonto到…上jumpontothehorseoutof從…里到外面outofherbagoutside以外outsidethehouseover超過gooverthebridgethrough通過…walkthroughtheforestthroughout遍及throughoutthecountryto朝…turntometowards朝…towardsmeunder在…下面underthedeskup向…上climbupthetree三、其他常用介詞介詞意義舉例by表示方式，手段，動作執(zhí)行者，后跟oneself時表示“獨自”byairbyphonebymyselfwith與…在一起，擁有，原因，態(tài)度withhisfamilywritewithpenwithoutwith的反義詞，還可表示否定的條件withoutbreakfastwithouttheirhelpfor表示目的，原因，動作對象，交換等，for的介詞短語還可作動詞不定式的邏輯主語goforawalkfortworeasonsThanksfortellingme.as作為workasateacherlike像…looklikeaballexcept不包括exceptoneboybut除了…There’snothingbutacardonthedesk.about關(guān)于…talkaboutanewfilmat表示從事，方向，方面atworkpointatin表示情況，特點，方式insurpriseindangeron從事，支持，關(guān)于onshowto表示對象，導(dǎo)致talktosb.of表示所屬，其中一部分或比較范圍，構(gòu)成雙重所有格和構(gòu)成量的修飾語。someofthemapieceofafriendofthem四、介詞與動詞的搭配agreewith 同意某人 keepon 繼續(xù) agreeto同意計劃/建議knock…into…將…敲入 agreeon 在…取得一致 knockon/at 敲arrivein/at 到達(dá) landon 登陸 askfor 請求得到laughat/to 嘲笑… beginwith 以…開頭 learnfrom 向…學(xué)習(xí)borrow…from…向…借 leavefor 出發(fā)去 callon 拜訪lend…to… 借給 catchupwith 趕上 listento 聽change…into… 把…變成 liveon 靠…生活 einto 走進(jìn)lookafter 照顧 eround 過來 lookat 看cover…with 用…覆蓋 lookfor 尋找 cut…into… 將…切成looklike 看起來像 dieof/from 死于 lookoutof 朝外看dowellin 做得好 lookover 檢查 dowith 處理lookup 查閱 dressup 裝扮 makefriendswith 交朋友eatup 吃光 fallbehind 落后 moveto 搬到feellike 想要 payfor 支付 fightagainst 打仗playwith 玩耍 fillin 填入 putoff 推遲fullof 充滿 goonwith 繼續(xù)做 putout 熄滅goover 復(fù)習(xí) putup 張貼 happento 發(fā)生于returnto 回到 hearfrom 收到來信 sellout 買完hearof 聽說 sendfor 派人請 helpwith 幫助sendup 發(fā)射 shoutat/to 高喊 joinin 參加smileat/to 朝…微笑 speakup 談話 turninto 將…變成stop…from 阻擋 turnoff 關(guān) takecarefor 照顧turnon 開 turnto 翻到 thinkabout 考慮turnup 調(diào)大 thinkof 認(rèn)為 wakeup 蘇醒thinkover 仔細(xì)考慮 waitfor 等待 wearout 穿壞tryon 試穿 workat 從事于 tryout 嘗試worryabout 擔(dān)心 turndown 調(diào)小 writeto 寫信給五、介詞與形容詞和名詞的搭配1. 形容詞與介詞的搭配beafraidof 害怕 beknownas 被譽為 beangryabout 因…生氣bepoliteto 對…有禮貌 beangrywith 對…生氣 bepoorat 不擅長…bebadfor 對…有害 berichin 富含… bebusywith 忙于…beshortfor 是…的縮寫 becoveredwith 被…覆蓋 beshortof 短缺bedifferentfrom 與…不同 bestrictin 對某事嚴(yán)格 bedressedin 穿著bestrictwith 對某人嚴(yán)格 befamousfor 以…而聞名 besureof 確信befarfrom 遠(yuǎn)離 besurprisedat 對…感到驚奇befilledwith 被…充滿 betiredof 厭倦 befriendlyto 對…友好beusedas 被當(dāng)作… befullof 充滿 beusedby 被使用bereadyfor 準(zhǔn)備… beusedfor 被用作 begoodat 擅長beusedto 習(xí)慣于 begoodfor 對…有益 beweakin 在…薄弱begoodto 對…友好 beworriedabout 擔(dān)心 beinterestedin 對…感興趣bewrongwith …有毛病 bekindto…對…友善 bedifferentin 在…不同2. 介詞與名詞的搭配afterclass 下課后 atthebeginningof 在…開頭 afterschool 放學(xué)后attheendof 在…盡頭 atbreakfast 吃早飯 atthefootof 在…腳下atfirst 首先 atthemoment 此刻 athome 在家atthesametime 同時 atlast 最后 atwork在工作atnoon 在中午 bybicycle 騎自行車 atonce 立即byhand 手工的 atschool 在上學(xué) byoneself 獨自地forawhile 一會兒 inthemorning 在早上 forexample 例如intheopenair 在戶外 foryears 好幾年 intime 及時fromnowon 從現(xiàn)在起 introuble 處于困境 inahurry 匆匆地ofcourse 當(dāng)然 inaminute 一會兒 onbusiness 出差inbed 在床上 onduty 值班 inEnglish 用英語onfire 失火 infact 實際上 onfoot 步行inhospital 住院 inline 排隊 onshow 展出insilence 沉默地 ontheradio 通過收音機 inspace 在太空中ontime 準(zhǔn)時 insurprise 驚奇地 intheend 最后withone’shelp 在…幫助下 inthemiddle 在中間 withoutone’shelp 沒有…幫助PresentationPresentation動名詞動名詞的用法可以接動名詞的動詞或詞組動名詞的用法用法舉例作主語FightingbrokeoutbetweentheSouthandtheNorth.作賓語Wouldyoumindturningdownyourradioalittle,please?Sheisafraidofwalkingaloneatmidnight.作表語Herjobiswashing,cleaningandtakingcareofthechildren.可以接動名詞的動詞或詞組動詞后加動名詞作賓語admit 承認(rèn) plete 完成 consider 認(rèn)為 delay 耽誤 deny 否認(rèn)enjoy 喜歡 escape 逃脫 prevent 阻止 finish 完成 imagine 想象mind 介意 miss 想念 practise 訓(xùn)練 resist 抵抗 risk 冒險suggest 建議 include 包括 stand 忍受 understand 理解 keep 繼續(xù)下面這些詞組后也接動名詞prefer…to beusedto leadto devoteoneselfto bebusylookforwardto nogood nouse It’sworth aswellascan’thelp It’snouse betiredof befondof beafraidofbeproudof thinkof keepon insiston besuccessfulinbegoodat giveup burstout prevent…from..PresentationPresentation動詞不定式動詞不定式的用法動詞不定式與疑問句連用一、動詞不定式的用法用法舉例作主語Tolearnaforeignlanguagewellisnoteasy.不定式作主語時，常用it作形式主語，把不定式放在后面，因此上面的句子改為：Itisnoteasytolearnaforeignlanguagewell.作表語Hishopeistosucceed.Hiswishistobeadriver.作賓語Learntowalkbeforeyourun.TheybegantolearnEnglishlastterm.作賓補SheaskedustospeakEnglishasmuchaspossible.Weoftenseethem(to省略)playgamesunderthetrees.作定語Haveyouanythingtosay?Wouldpleasegivemesomethingtoeat?作狀語Hehasgonetogetsomefruit.Mylittlebrotheristooyoungtogotoschool.二、動詞不定式與疑問詞連用用法舉例作主語Wheretoholdthemeetingisstillunknown.Whentostartisnotdecidedyet.作表語Thequestioniswhentostart.Whathewantstoknowiswheretogetthiskindofstamps.作賓語Idon’tknowwheretogo.Miketaughtmehowtorunthemachine.Choosethebestanswer.(選擇最恰當(dāng)?shù)拇鸢?( )1. TheplanearrivedatLondonAirport______Wednesday.A.on B.at C.in D.for( )2. Whatdoyouusuallydo______Christmas? A.of B.at C.in D.for( )3. Thefirstclassbegins______8o’clock______themorning. A.at,on B.at,in C.on,in D.on,on( )4. ______thepasttwomonthshehasbeenbusywithhisschoolwork. A.For B.On C.Since D.At( )5. Studentsareencouragedtosharetheirlearningexperience______theirclassmates. A.to B.in C.at D.with( )6. WewillbeinNanjing______Tuesday______Thursday. A.on,through B.on,to C.from,to D.on,until( )7. MrBlackwillvisitournewschoolbuildings______twodays. A.before B.after C.at D.in( )8. ______theendoflastspring,WangHaijoinedthearmy______theend. A.At,at B.By,in C.In,at D.At,in( )9. Wewillhaveafootballmatch______thisSaturdayafternoon.A.on B./ C.in D.for( )10. Hecametoseeyou______theeveningofMay10. A.in B.at C.on D.for( )11. I’mafraidIgaveyoualotoftrouble______mystayhere. A.in B.for C.during D.on( )12. Thesinginggroupwillhavetwoperformances______October. A.after B.since C./ D.for( )13. Thesupermarketisopen______midnight. A.at B.on C.until D.in( )14. Shedidn’tgotowork______thatmorning.Sheslept______noon. A./,until B.on,until C.at,at D./,at( )15. Hewasill______aweek,and______theweekheatealmostnothing. A,for,at B.for,during C.during,during D.for,for( )16. Childrengetpresents______Christmasand______theirbirthday.Grannyisingfor lunch_____ChristmasDay. A,at,on,on B.on,on,on C.at,in,at D.in,on,in( )17. ______NewYear’sEvepeopleusuallydon’tgotobeduntilmidnight. A,At B.On C.For D.In( )18. TomandPaulusuallywatchTV______weekends. A,at B.in C.for D./( )19. Wehadbuiltthreebridgesovertheriver______theendof2016. A,at B.on C.for D.by( )20. Doyouoftenworklate______night? A,at B.in C.for D.duringpletethesentenceswithproperprepositions.(用括號中所給單詞的適當(dāng)介詞)Goalongthestreet,andyou’llseethehospital______theendoftheroad._____whichfloordoeshelive?Sorry,Idon’tknow.Phonemeassoonasyouarrive______Beijing.eandsit______meunderthetree.It’scoolhere._____theboxthereisnothingbutapieceofpaper.Theteacherisstandingintheclassroomwithsomepupils_____her.Someboysareplayingfootballintheplayground.______them,theboyinwhiteisthebestplayer.Aplaneisflying_____thelakeandashipisgoing_____thebridge.Don’tsit_____theTVset.Itwillbeharmfultoyoureyes.Thetwogirls_____theblackboardaretwins.Theyarestanding______theblackboardandtheteacher’sdesk.Don’twalk______theforestsalone,it’sverydangerous.Lookcarefullybeforeyougo_____thestreet.Icecanbeturned_____waterinawarmplace.Therearealotofstarsintheclearsky______us.Theysawathiefclimb_____theshopwithanemptybagatnight.Thedoghasjustswum_____theriver,soitiswetallthrough.Thedogisrunning______thehouse.Perhapsthedoorisshut.ThosetouristswillleaveNanjing_____Nanchangtomorrow.Let’stakeawalk_____theriverafterdinner.Heisrunning_____usandshoutingloudly,“Apurse,apurse!”Thereisabridge______theriver.Thebusisrunning______thespeedof45kilometresperhour.Ourschoolisn’tfarfrommyhomesoIgotoschool______footeveryday.Youcan’tmakenicecakes______thisway.What’swrong______themachine?Itdoesn’twork.Thehungryboyaskedhismum______somebreadafterschool.Heraisedhisarmtoprotecthishead______theblow.Theboyprefersfootball______basketball.Theboythoughtthemedicinetastednice______orangejuice.______histeacher’shelp,Mikehasworkedouttheproblem.Newspapersaremade______paperandpaperismade______wood.Ilikeallthestamps______thatsmallone.Johnhasbeenillforaweek.Nowhe’sstill______hospital.______mystayinBeijing,Imetalotofoldfriends.Hehasshowedus______hisschool.Hisisbiggerthanours.Weoftengoout______anoutingonSundayifitdoesn’train.WhenIseethepicture,Ithink______thelifeinBeijing.Listen.Whoisknocking______thedoor?MrWangistheteacher______chargeofClass9.Idon’tlikedogs.Iamafraid______them.Ittakesmorethanthreedaystogo______theEarth______theMoon______spaceship.Thankyou______youring.Hespentalongtime______theMathsproblemMrLiisgoingtohelphim______hisChinesethisafternoon.Howmuchdidyoupay______thisbook?Thepriceoftheputerhasreduced______5%.Pleasefillthebottle______tea.Themachinescutbigpiecesofmetal______smallpieces.Billyworkshardatschoolandhisteachersoftenpraisehim______hishardwork.IgotangryandIthrewastone______him.Youcanborrowthebook______yourschoollibrary.Wouldyoupleaseshowme______ourfactory?Don’tcatchme______thearm.Ihavenothingtodo______thematter.Helpyourself______somefish.Ittastesverynice.Billmustdeliverthenewspaper______people’shouses______allkindsofweather.Letmeintroduceher______you.Lindafell______herbicyclethismorning.Tomhasmadefriends______manyChinesestudentssincehecamethreeyearsago.Afterschool,Ioftenlearnsinginganddancing______hobbies.Tonyfellillthismorning,soheasked______leave.Iamnotquitesatisfied______whatyouhavedoneatschoolrecently.Shanghaiisfamous______itsnightviews.Itisalsoknown______theShoppingParadise.Myhusbandisresponsible______sales,andhehasalreadybeensuccessful______signingseveralcontracts.Ourclassismadeup______18girlsand24boys.Kenismygoodfriend.Heisgood______drawingandheisalwaysfriendly______others.Howwillyougetthere,______seaor______air?Ihaven’theard______Janeforalongtime.Iamworried______herverymuch.Sheisunaware______being______danger.______thehelpoftheteacher,Tomhasmaderapidprogress______hisstudies.Thegirlwastired_____havingthesamefoodeveryday.Thereisnothingtobeafraid______.Theyweresurprise______yourdoingthat.Iamfond______musicwhilemyyoungersisteriskeen______finearts.Look.Thehouseis______fire.Afriend______needisafriendindeed.______hersurprise,shefoundherself______hospital.Chinaisagreatcountry______alonghistory.Drinkingaglassofyogurteverydayisgood______yourhealth.Doyoulive______thecentreofthecityor______thesuburbs?Thebosscameintothecoffee______silencesothatnoonenoticedhimatall.Who’s______dutytoday,LiMingorZhuHong?Althoughthemanwasseriouslyinjured,theambulancearrived______timeandtookhimimmediatelytothehospital.Remember:youshouldarrive______timetomorrow.______thebeginningoftheterm,MrLiwasillandMrsWangtookhisclass.Yearsago,manyyoungpeopleleanedEnglish______theradio.WhydoJaneandAliceoftenwearskirtssimilar______eachother?Iamverysorry______botheringyouforsuchalongtime.Areyouinghere______businessor______apersonaltrip?IlivequiteclosetoschoolsoIgotoschool______footnearlyeveryday.Theoldmanlived______himselfbutheneverfeltlonely.Ihaven’tseenSimonforalongtime.______fact,wehadabigargumentseveralmonthsago.Thehalliscrowded______morethantwothousandstudentsfromdifferentschools.Thegirl______blondhairisfromGermany.Theworkissodifficultthatwecannotfindit______ourown.Let’sgotothemuseum.Manyancientthingsare______displayinit.Danielis______abadmoodanddoesn’twanttotalktoanyone.WelikeourEnglishteacherbecausesheisalwaysverykind______us.______theendofterm,wewillhaveagreatpartytocelebrateourgraduation.ThebikewhichIhaveownedforalmost10yearswasmade______Shanghai.Itisstill______verygoodcondition.Theshoesaremade______leatherandtheyarequitesuitable______walkingforalongtime.I. Choosethebestanswer.(選擇最恰當(dāng)?shù)拇鸢?( )1. Lilylikes______theclothesoflightcolour.★A.toputon B.putting C.todress D.wearing( )2. WhenIamtired,Ienjoy______music. A.listening B.listeningto C.tohear D.hearingthe( )3. IheardMother______withFatherinthenextroomattenlastnight. A,talk B.talking C.totalk D.istalking( )4. TheGreatGreenWallwillstopthewindfrom______theearthaway. A.blow B.toblow C.blowing D.blew( )5. ______isbadforourhealth. A.Doingeyeexercises B.Gotobedearly C.Eatingtoomuch D.Takingawalkafterdinner( )6. Wendyisgoodat______English. A.speak B.speaks C.speaking D.spoke( )7. Mostofthechildrenenjoy______putergames. A.play B.playing C.played D.toplay( )8. Sheshoulddoherhomeworknow.Butshedoesn’tfeellike______it. A.does B.do C.doing D.todo( )9. Thoughhehadoftenmadehissister______,todayhewasmade______byhissister. A.cry,crying B.crying,crying C.cry,tocry D.tocry,cry( )10. Whatafineday!Howabout______outforawalk? A.go B.togo C.gone D.going( )11. Marywent______aftershefinished______herwork. A.swim,doing B.toswim,todo C.toswim,doing D.swimming,todo( )12. Wouldyoumind______thewindow,please?It’scoldoutside. A.toclose B.closing C.closed D.close( )13. Afridgeisusedfor______vegetablesandotherfoodcoolandfresh. A.kept B.keeping C.tokeep D.keeps( )14. Thefarmersonthefarmarebusy______applesonthetrees. A.picking B.topick C.pick D.picked( )15. OnedaywhenEdisonwasfiveyearsold,hisfathersawhim______onsomeeggs. A.sat B.tosit C.sitting D.wassitting( )16. Whenclassbegan,westopped______totheteachercarefully. A.listening B.listen C.listens D.tolisten( )17. Therearesomanykindsofradiosintheshop.Ican’tdecide______. A.tobuywhat B.tobuywhichC.whattobuy D.whichtobuy( )18. DoyouoftenhearJohn______inhisroom? Yes,Ido.Listen.Nowwecanhearhim______inhisroom. A.sing,tosing B.singing,singing C.sing,singing D.tosing,singing( )19. Iusuallyforget______thedoor,butIremembered______itwhenIleftyesterday. A.closing,closing B.toclose,toclose C.closing,toclose D.toclose,closing( )20. OnJune1,boysandgirlsarebusy______. A.tocelebrateChildren’sDay B.tocelebrateChildrens’Day C.celebratingChildren’sDay D.celebratingChildrens’DayII. pletethesentenceswiththegivenwordsintheirproperforms.(用括號中所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成下列句子。每空格限填一詞)Hisbrothertoldmeheenjoyed______footballverymuch.(play)Stop______,youwillhearsomethingstrange.(talk)Theprofessorhadastrangewayof______hislessonslivelyandinteresting.(make)Sheoftendoes______intheevening.(shop)IsawMary______withhersisterunderthetree.(play)Mostofthestudentsarebusy______theirhomework.(do)I. Choosethebestanswer.(選擇最恰當(dāng)?shù)拇鸢?( )1. Ihavealotofthings______thisweekend. A.do B.did C.doing D.todo( )2. You’dbetter______upstairsandtellthechildren______makesomuchnoise. A.go,notto B.go,don’t C.togo,notto D.togo,don’t( )3. It’stoolate.Why______now? A.nottogo B.notgoing C.notgo D.don’tgo( )4. Lindawasverysorryforbeinglate.Buttheteacher’ssmilemadeher______better. A.feel B.tofeel C.fall D.tofall( )5.