Unit+2+Natural+Disasters+Welcome+to+the+unit 高中英語譯林版（2020）必修第三冊

Welcome

to

the

unitNatureinthebalanceMountain&

Forest——palatialLand——prosperous——peacefulNatureiskindofalovingmother,

butalsoabutcherincoldblood.—Victor

HugoUnbalancedNatureNaturalDisasters：Discoverthepowerofsome

disastersTsunamiFloodTyphoonHurricaneVolcanoWildfireEarthquakeLandslideNaturalDisasters：TsunamiFloodTyphoonHurricaneVolcanoEarthquakeLandslideWildfireNatuNraat

ulrDaliDsaissa

stteerrssaar

erepodweesrtfurlu;ctive.1980StHelens,theUnitedStates,57peopleand7,000animals

killed.1906SanFrancisco3,000peopledieandover80percentofthecitydestroyed.VolcanoEarthquak2020,AustraliaBushFire,27peopleand1000000000animalskilled.In2014,alandslideinIndiaWildfireLandslidkilledatleast150people.1971,Bangladesh,300,000to1millionpeoplekilled.1992,Flores,Indonesia,yphoonTsunam2,000killedand90,000homeless1998,CentralAmerica,about11,000

Hurricanekilledand1.5millionhomeless.Flood

1998Bangladesh

2,000killedand30millionhomeless.Natureiskindofalovingmother;weshouldloveher,

andrespecther;Natureisalsoabutcherincoldblood;weshouldfearher,

andlearntolivewithheranger——NaturalDisasters.Homework：1.Try

toknowmorenaturaldisasters;2.Prepareforthereading;Whenlotsofseawatergetshotinthesummersun,itstartstomovehigherupintothesky.Then,coolerairarounditrushesin.Itfillsthespacethatisleft.Aftertheairgetswarmer,itstartstomovequickly,makingwind.Thewindgoesincircles,anditkeepsmovinghigherinthesky.Thewarmertheairgets,thequickerthewindmoves.Andwhenthewindmovesfasterthan30metersasecond,atyphoon

begins.Inlatesummer,abovethewarm,tropicalseasthatlieeithersideoftheequator,enormousrollingstormsystemscandevelopwithwindspeedsof120kph.Thesestormsarecalledhurricanes

whentheystartovertheAtlanticOcean,cyclones

intheIndianOcean,andtyphoons

inthePacific.Thesestormscantravelthousandsofkilometres,leavinga

lotofdestruction.hotgasesWhena

volcanoerupts,__________,volcanicashandevenrocksescapethrougha

largeopeningatthetop.Thegasesandashcancauseacidrainandevenstorms.Thehotliquidrockmovingdownthevolcanoburnseverythingandanythinginitsway.Fromthefirstflickerofflameindrygrass,a

wildfirespreadsrapidlyacrossthecountryside.Flamesjumpfromtreetotreeandburningashesflyaround,burningmoreplants,whileterrifiedanimalsfleefromtheoncomingflames.Alsoknownasforestfires,wildfiresarea

regulardisasterduringthelong,drysummersintheforestsofAmerica,Europe,ChinaandAustralia.Tsunamis(soo-nah-mee)

arecausedbymassiveshiftsofwater,usuallyduetomovementsoftheseafloorthatgowithunderseaearthquakes.Theyarethedeadliestofallwaves.Theycantravelatspeedsof950km/hand,whentheyreachtheshore,theycanbeashighas30m.Massivewallsofwatercanslamagainstthecoast,tearinguptrees,floodingfieldsanddestroyingtownsandvillages.Waterisvitaltosurvival—fordrinking,washing,andgrowingcrops.Riversandseasprovidefoodandtransportation.Butwhena

riverburstsitsbanks,orhugestormwavessweepinfromthesea,waterbecomesa

deadlyenemy——flood，adeadlysurgeofwaterthatrisessorapidlythatitcancatchpeoplecompletelyunprepared.Theforceoffloodcansweepawaypeopleandanimals,anddestroybuildings.Platesmovingundergroundcancauseanasuddenshakingearthquake,

whichis___________________oftheearth’ssurface.Earthquakesaremostcommonwhereplatesmeet.Severalmillionsmallearthquakeshappeneveryyear,butmostdonotcauseanydamage.Seriousearthquakes,however,candestroyentirecities.A

largeamountof__e_a_r_t_h__a_n__d_r_o_

_c_k__fallingdowna

hillormountainiscalledalandslide.

Landslidesareoftencausedbyheavyrainfall,earthquakes,volcaniceruptionsorothernaturaldisasters.Sometimestheyarealsocausedbyhumanactivitiessuchascuttingdownforest