2022年山西省朔州市義井中學(xué)高三英語(yǔ)聯(lián)考試卷含解析

2022年山西省朔州市義井中學(xué)高三英語(yǔ)聯(lián)考試卷含解析一、選擇題1.----Doyoumindmyopeningthewindow?It’sabithotinhere----______,asamatteroffact.

A.Goahead

B.Yes,mypleasureC.Yes,Ido

D.Comeon參考答案：C解析：考查交際用語(yǔ)。通過(guò)下文的asamatteroffact.事實(shí)上，可以看出來(lái)此人很介意，所以選擇C。如果表達(dá)不介意，在A選項(xiàng)之前加上No，或者是Ofcoursenot.來(lái)表明觀點(diǎn)。2.

thewebsiteoftheFireDepartmentinyourcity,andyouwilllearnalotaboutfirefighting.A.Havingsearched

B.Tosearch

C.Searching

D.Search參考答案：D3.—Youjustthinkofyourself!Youkeptuswaitingforyouforovertwohours.—I’msorrythat

you

thinkso.

A．would

B．should

C．could

D．might參考答案：B4.I'llneverunderstandhowit______thatyouwerelateforclassfourtimeswithinaweek!

A．cameout

B．cameacross

C．cameabout

D．cameintobeing參考答案：C略5.________inschooluniforms,weallfeelasenseofprideasstudentsofthegreatschool.A.Havingdressed

B.Beingdressing

C.Dressing

D.Dressed參考答案：D6.Since

,theeconomyinthissmallcityhasbeendevelopingsteadily

ofthelocalgovernment.

A.the1990s;undertheleadership

B.the1990’s;attheleadership

C.1990s;intheleadership

D.the1990s;ontheleadership參考答案：A7.Thecarwasdamaged_________repairintheaccident.A.in B.under C.beyond D.on參考答案：C略8.-----______thathemanagedtogettheinformation?-----Oh,afriendofhishelpedhim.A.Wherewasit

B.Whatwasit

C.Howwasit

D.Whywasit參考答案：C解析：此處考查強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)的特殊疑問(wèn)句形式。根據(jù)afriendofhishelpedhim.可知應(yīng)是方式狀語(yǔ)，用how。故選C。9.Alotofpeoplehere,_______,Tom,arefortheplanthatwewillgotothebeachonfoot.A.suchas

B.forexample

C.like

D.thatis參考答案：B10.Thereisafinebookstorenearourschool,inwhichyoucanbuyonebookandget_______completelyfree.

A.other

B.others

C.one

D.ones參考答案：C11.Beingremovedfromhispostduringoperationsisthe

regretforaship’scaptain.A.ultimate B.valid C.outspoken D.superior參考答案：A12.Asaresultof________isnowknowninphysicsandchemistry,scientistshavebeenabletomakeimportantdiscoveriesinbiologyandmedicine.A.what B.itC.which D.that參考答案：A【詳解】考查賓語(yǔ)從句。句意：由于在物理學(xué)和化學(xué)上已知的知識(shí)的原因，科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)能夠在生物學(xué)和醫(yī)藥上取得重要發(fā)現(xiàn)。分析句子可知，________isnowknowninphysicsandchemistry為賓語(yǔ)從句，作of的賓語(yǔ)，分析從句，缺乏主語(yǔ)，故用連接代詞，故選A。which表示在范圍內(nèi)的某一個(gè)，本句沒(méi)有范圍，故排除?！军c(diǎn)睛】what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的用法。一、要掌握好what在句子中的語(yǔ)義。1.表示“……的人”，相當(dāng)于thepersonthat…。如：Heisnotwhathewasafewyearsago.他不是幾年前的他了。WhoisitthathasmadeFredwhatheisnow？是誰(shuí)把弗雷德培養(yǎng)成現(xiàn)在這樣一個(gè)人的？2.表示“……的地方”，相當(dāng)于theplacethat…。如：ThisiswhattheycallSaltLakeCity.這就是他們稱作鹽湖城的地方。WhatisnowtheNorthSaharaDesertwasonceacivilizedworld.現(xiàn)在的撒哈拉沙漠的北部曾經(jīng)是一個(gè)文明世界。3.表示“……的數(shù)目”，相當(dāng)于theamount/numberthat…。如：Ourincomeisnowdoublewhatiswastenyearsago.我們現(xiàn)在的收入是十年前的兩倍。4.表示“……的時(shí)間”，相當(dāng)于aperiodoftimethat。如：Afterwhatseemedtobealongtimehecometolife.經(jīng)過(guò)了似乎很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間后，他才恢復(fù)了活力。5.what的這種特殊含義可以根據(jù)句子的意思在翻譯時(shí)靈活處理，不可千篇一律。例如：Thecolor1oftheflowerisdifferentfromwhatitwasinthemorning.那朵花的顏色與早晨的不同。（what=thecolor1that）二、要掌握好what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的類型。1.賓語(yǔ)從句（用作動(dòng)詞或介詞的賓詞）。例如：Whenyouanswerquestionsinajobinterview,pleaserememberthegoldenrule:Alwaysgivethemonkeyexactlywhathewants.求職面試時(shí)，請(qǐng)記住這條黃金定律：永遠(yuǎn)給予對(duì)方確實(shí)想要的東西。2.主語(yǔ)從句。例如：Whathesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent.他在會(huì)上說(shuō)的話令每個(gè)與會(huì)者震驚。3.表語(yǔ)從句。例如：Perseveranceisakindofqualityandthat’swhatittakestodoanythingwell.堅(jiān)定不移是一種品質(zhì)——能使人做好任何事情。Airistouswhatwateristofish.空氣對(duì)于我們就像水對(duì)于魚(yú)一樣（重要）。4.同位語(yǔ)從句（用在idea,message等名詞后）。例如：Ihavenoideawhatweshoulddonext.我不知道下一步我們?cè)摳墒裁础Ｈ?、要掌握好what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句的語(yǔ)序問(wèn)題。What引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句不同于what引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句，不可用疑問(wèn)句語(yǔ)序而應(yīng)用陳述語(yǔ)序。例如：Thesephotographswillshowyouwhatourvillagelookslike.這些照片會(huì)向你展示我們的村莊是什么樣的。13.Oneofthemostimportantquestionstheyhadtoconsiderwas

ofpublichealthA.what

B.thisC.that

D.which參考答案：C解析：考查代詞及其含義，由語(yǔ)意：他們必須面臨的其中一個(gè)問(wèn)題就是公共衛(wèi)生問(wèn)題，只有that,可以代替theproblem.14.---Youwon’tgotherebybus,willyou?

---_______A.Yes,Iwillnotgobybus

B.Yes,IwillbeonfootC.No,I’lljustwalk

D.ofcourse參考答案：C15.Theyoungteachercametoherclasseveryweek,butherattitude_____shewasnotreallyinterestedinthejob．

A．expressed

B．described

C．explained

D．suggested參考答案：D略16.Alargenumberofpeopleare________,andhowcanthelocalgovernmentignoretheproblem?

A.atwork

B.inwork

C.aferwork

D.outofwork參考答案：D17.—Badluck.Theydidn’tofferthejobtome.

—

？You’vebeenwellpreparedfortheinterview.

A.Sowhat

B.Whatif

C.Howcome

D.Whatabout參考答案：C二、新的題型18.Whywouldhumanbeingswasteathirdoftheirlivessleepingwhentheycouldbedoingmoreimportantthingslikelookingaftertheirfamiliesorworking?Somescientistsbelievesleepinghelpsrechargethebody,whileothersthinkitisimportantforstrengtheningnewly-formedmemories.Now,thereisnewevidencewhichsuggeststhatthepurposeofsleepmaybetoforgetsomeofthemillionsofnewthingswelearneachday.Theneuronsinthehumanbrainconsistoffiberscalleddendrites(樹(shù)突).Thesegrowaswelearnnewthingsandconnectthebrain’scellstoeachotheratcontactpointscalledsynapses(突觸).Thelargerthedendritesbecomeandthemorecellstheyconnect,themoreinformationwestore.In2018,GiulioTononiandChiaraCirelli,bothbiologistsattheUniversityofWisconsin-Madison,suggestedanewidea:Thethingsourbrainslearneachdayresultinsomanysynapsesthatthingsstarttogetalittlemessy.Sleepingallowsustosortthrough(整理)the“noise”anddispensealltheunnecessaryinformation,leavingbehindonlythemostimportantmemories.Recently,theuniversity’sresearchhasprovideddirectevidencetosupportthetheory.Theexperimentinvolvedanalyzing6,920synapsesinthebrainshavingsfromtwogroupsofmiceoverafour-yearperiod;onegrouphadbeenallowedtosleep,whiletheotherhadbeenkeptawakeandentertainedwithtoys.Theresearchersdiscoveredthatthebrainshavingsofthesleepingmicehadnearly20percentfewersynapsesthanthosethathadbeenkeptawakeandentertained.Itwasalsoevidentduringthestudythatthebraindoesnotshaveeverysynapse.20%ofneuronsremainedunchanged;theseweremostlikelywell-establishedmemories.Therefore,althoughwemaybesleepingtoforgetsomeofwhatwe’velearned,thebrain“forgets”inasmartway.Mostresearchersbelieveclearingourbrainsisnottheonlypurposeofsleep.Restingourmindsandbodieshasalsobeenfoundtohelpwithotherbiologicalfunctionslikestrengtheningourimmunity.Thoughscientistsmayneveragreeonasinglereason,theyareallsureofonething－agoodnight’srestisessentialforourhealth.Sotryandspendatleastathirdofyourdaysleeping!56.What’sthenewdiscoveryaboutthepurposeofsleepingaccordingtothetext?(nomorethan15words)_________________________________________________________________________57.What’sthemainideaofParagraph2?(nomorethan10words)_________________________________________________________________________58.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dispense”inParagraph3probablymean?(nomorethan5words)_________________________________________________________________________59.Whatagreementdoallthescientistsprobablyreachaboutsleepingaccordingtothetext?(nomorethan10words)_________________________________________________________________________60.Whatkindofsleepinghabitdoyouhave?Pleaseexplain.(nomorethan25words)_________________________________________________________________________參考答案：56.Toforgetsomeofthemillionsofnewthingswelearneachday.

57.Howtheneuronsinthehumanbrainhelpstoreinformation.

58.Getridof./Doawaywith./Takeout./Remove.

59.Agoodnight’srestisessentialforourhealth.

60.Iusuallysleepearlyandgetupearly,whichisagoodsleephabitandhelpsmekeepenergeticduringthedaytime.(Open)【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了睡眠是為了幫助我們清理大腦里的一些無(wú)用信息，同時(shí)睡眠也是為了幫助我們恢復(fù)身體疲勞，讓我們能夠更好的學(xué)習(xí)和生活?！?6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句Now,thereisnewevidencewhichsuggeststhatthepurposeofsleepmaybetoforgetsomeofthemillionsofnewthingswelearneachday.（現(xiàn)在，有新的證據(jù)表明，睡眠的目的可能是忘記我們每天學(xué)習(xí)的數(shù)百萬(wàn)新事物中的一些）可知新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)睡覺(jué)的目的是為了忘記我們每天學(xué)習(xí)的數(shù)百萬(wàn)新事物中的一些。故答Toforgetsomeofthemillionsofnewthingswelearneachday.【57題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段Theneuronsinthehumanbrainconsistoffiberscalleddendrites.（人類大腦中的神經(jīng)元由稱為樹(shù)突的纖維組成）以及后文主要說(shuō)明了人類大腦中的神經(jīng)元如何幫助儲(chǔ)存信息，故第二段主旨大意是人類大腦中的神經(jīng)元如何幫助儲(chǔ)存信息。故答Howtheneuronsinthehumanbrainhelpstoreinformation.【58題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段Sleepingallowsustosortthroughthe“noise”.leavingbehindonlythemostimportantmemories可知睡眠讓我們能夠?qū)Α霸胍簟边M(jìn)行分類,能讓我們從“噪音”中篩選出所有不必要的信息，只留下最重要的記憶。故可知?jiǎng)澗€單詞意思為“擺脫，刪除”，故答Getridof./Doawaywith./Takeout./Remove.【59題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中Thoughscientistsmayneveragreeonasinglereason,theyareallsureofonething－agoodnight’srestisessentialforourhealth.（盡管科學(xué)家們可能永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)在一個(gè)單一的原因上達(dá)成一致，但他們都確信一件事——一夜好眠對(duì)我們的健康至關(guān)重要）可知所有的科學(xué)家一致同意晚上好好休息對(duì)我們的健康很重要。故答Agoodnight’srestisessentialforourhealth.【60題詳解】本題為開(kāi)放性題目，言之有理即可。如可答“我通常早睡早起，這是一個(gè)良好的睡眠習(xí)慣，幫助我在白天保持精力充沛?！薄９蚀餓usuallysleepearlyandgetupearly,whichisagoodsleephabitandhelpsmekeepenergeticduringthedaytime.【點(diǎn)睛】詞義猜測(cè)題是高考閱讀理解中?？碱}型之一，可以大致分為①定義猜詞，可以根據(jù)定義信息和舉例猜測(cè)詞義。如文中常用referto，becalled或that’stosay，suchas等。②邏輯猜詞可以根據(jù)同義詞、反義詞、因果關(guān)系詞等猜測(cè)詞義，例如，similarly,thesameas,but,however,while,ontheotherhand,since,because等，所猜詞與這些提示詞前/后面部分的含義一樣、相反或是前因后果。③語(yǔ)法猜詞，可以根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法，再結(jié)合上下文進(jìn)行猜詞。④語(yǔ)境猜詞，猜測(cè)詞義離不開(kāi)上下文的語(yǔ)境，通過(guò)上下文提供的情景和線索進(jìn)行合理的分析，同時(shí)還要關(guān)注其所在的整段及整篇文章。如第三小題，根據(jù)上文Sleepingallowsustosortthroughthe“noise”leavingbehindonlythemostimportantmemories.可知睡眠讓我們能夠?qū)Α霸胍簟边M(jìn)行分類,能讓我們從“噪音”中篩選出所有不必要的信息，只留下最重要的記憶。故可知?jiǎng)澗€單詞意思為“擺脫，刪除”，故答Getridof./Doawaywith./Takeout./Remove.⑤指代猜詞即找出人稱代詞、指示代詞、關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞等所指代的內(nèi)容，做題時(shí)要注意指代詞的位置，以便于判斷，然后用所找的指代內(nèi)容替換劃線代詞，核實(shí)其邏輯、意義、位置等是否一致，最后比較所找部分與選項(xiàng)，確定意思最接近的選項(xiàng)。三、閱讀理解19.閱讀下列短文，從每篇短文后所給各題的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。SixChinesesurveillanceshipshaveenteredwatersnearislandsclaimedbybothChinaandJapan.Chinasaidtheshipswerecarryingout"lawenforcement"todemonstrateitsjurisdictionovertheislands,knownasDiaoyuinChinaandSenkakuinJapan.AtleasttwoofthevesselsleftaftertheJapanesecoastguardissuedawarning,Japaneseofficialssay.ThemovecameafterJapansealedadealtobuythreeoftheislandsfromtheirprivateJapaneseowner.Japancontrolstheuninhabitedbutresource-richEastChinaSeaislands,whicharealsoclaimedbyTaiwan.TheJapaneseCoastGuardsaidthefirsttwoChineseboatsenteredJapan'sterritorialwatersat06:18localtime(21:18GMTThursday),followedbyanotherfleetoffourothershipsjustafter07:00.Thefirsttwoshipsthenleftthearea.AthirdshipleftlateronFridaymorning,onereportsaid.Noforcewasused,Japaneseofficialsadded."Ourpatrolvesselsarecurrentlytellingthemtoleaveourcountry'sterritorialwaters,"thecoastguardsaidinastatement.TheChineseforeignministryconfirmedthatitsshipswerethere.“TheselawenforcementandpatrolactivitiesareaimedtodemonstrateChina'sjurisdictionovertheDiaoyuIslandsanditsaffiliatedisletsandensurethecountry'smaritimeinterests,”astatementsaid.TheUShascalledfor''coolerheadstoprevail''astensionintensifiesbetweenChinaandJapanovertheislands,whichliesouthofOkinawaandnorthofTaiwan.USDefenseSecretaryLeonPanettaisduetovisitbothJapanandChinafromthisweekendaspartofatouroftheregionthatalsoincludesNewZealand.ThedisputehasseriouslymarreddiplomaticrelationsbetweenChinaandJapanandthreatenstodamagethestrongtradingrelationship,saystheBBC'sJohnSudworthinBeijing.Therowhasalsogeneratedstrongnationalistsentimentonbothsidesthatobserverssaynowmakesitverydifficulttobeseentobebackingdown,saysourcorrespondent.TheJapanesegovernmentsaysitisbuyingtheislandstopromotetheirstableandpeacefulmanagement.Itsmovefollowedabidbyright-wingTokyoGovernorShintaroIshiharatobuytheislandsusingpublicdonations-anactionthatwouldlikelyhavefurtherprovo