閱讀理解（第2期）-2022屆新高考名校英語好題速遞分項匯編（教師版）

專題01閱讀理解（第02期）-2022屆新高考名校英語好題速遞分項匯編

閱讀【2022屆廣東金太陽大聯(lián)考開學(xué)考試】

Thisonlinecourseisdesignedtoprovideyouwithwork-readyskillsincludingrespondingtojob

advertisements,writingapplicationlettersandresumes（簡歷）anddevelopinginter-viewskills.

Whattopicswillitcover?

?Therecruitment（招聘）andselectionprocess

?Thejobapplication

?Planningfbrtheinterview

?Developinginterviewskills

Whatwillyouachieve?

Bytheendofthecourse,you'llbeableto...

?Assesstherecruitmentandselectionprocessfromanemployer'spointofview

?Interpretanadvertisement,jobdescriptionandselectioncriteriacorrectly

?Modelawell-writtenjobapplication

?Planfbrajobinterview

Whoisthecoursefor?

Whilethiscourseappealstotraineesandgraduates,italsoappliestojobseekersinthebroadercommunity

lookingtoincreasingtheirconfidenceandsuccessratewhenapplyingforwork.

Whodevelopsthecourse?

CentralQueenslandUniversity.ItisAustralia'sleadingregionaluniversity.Ourcoursesaredesigned

alongsideindustryandmanyincludehands-onlearningexperiencesandproject-basedlearning.Ourcommitmentto

makingreal-worldknowledgeandskillsaccessibletoallhasseenusbeingawardedglobalrecognition.

1.Whatwillstudentslearniftheytaketheonlinecourse?

A.Thewaytowritearesume.

B.Thewaytoputanadvertisement.

C.Theskillsoftalkingwithothers.

D.Theskillsofimprovingreading.

2.Whoistheonlinecourseintendedfor?

A.Trainers.B.Interviewers.C.Jobseekers.D.Collegestudents.

3.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheonlinecourse?

A.Che叩.B.Practical.C.Long-standing.D.World-class.

【答案】1.A2.C3.B

【解析】本文是一篇廣告，主要介紹的是一門針對求職者的網(wǎng)上課程。

1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Whatwillyouachieve?部分的Bytheendofthecourse,you'llbeableto...Modela

well-writtenjob叩plication（在課程結(jié)束時，你將能夠模擬一份寫得很好的工作申請）可知，參加網(wǎng)絡(luò)課程

的學(xué)生將學(xué)會如何寫簡歷，故選A。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Whoisthecoursefor部分的Whilethiscourseappealstotraineesandgraduates,italso

appliestojobseekersinthebroadercommunitylookingtoincreasingtheirconfidenceandsuccessratewhen

applyingforwork（雖然本課程對實習(xí)生和畢業(yè)生很有吸引力，但它也適用于希望提高求職信心和成功率的

更廣泛群體的求耿者）可知，這是一門面向求職者的在線課程，故選C。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的Ourcoursesaredesignedalongsideindustryandmanyincludehands-onlearning

experiencesandproject-basedlearning（我們的課程與行業(yè)一起設(shè)計，許多課程包括實踐學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)驗和基于項目

的學(xué)習(xí)）可推知，描述在線課程最佳的詞是“實用的”，故選B。

TheBritishpoetMatthewByrnemovedtoBeijingin2013andfeltthatthecapitalcity'spoetryscenewas

lacking.Hisobsession（癡迷）forstartingpoetryeventsledtothefoundationoftheSpittoonCollectiveinMay

2015."Atthattime,theliteraryactivityinBeijingwasTheBookwormbasedinSanlitun,''Byrnesays.

WhilesomeofBeijing*sliteraryinstitutionswouldgoontocloseinthefallof2019,Spittoonwouldcontinue

togrowasacommunityforpoetsandwriters,aswellasmusiciansandothersinthecreativescene.

ByrnedescribestheSpittoonCollectiveasaplatformforpeopletoshareideas,fromliteraryworkstodifferent

formsofart,withprojectsdevelopingfromthecreativeenergywithinthecommunity.

SpittoonoriginallystartedasapoetrynightattheMadoBarinDongchengDistrict'sBaochao

Hutong.Byrnesays,“InBeijing,youhavethesewonderfulhutongs,ancientstructureswhereyoucanwalkdown

andvisitcoolbars,soIthoughtitwouldbegoodtohaveapoetryeventasitseemedlikepoetrybelongednaturally

tothisarea.”

Headds,“TheobjectivenowistodiscoverChinesevoicesandbroadcastthemtotherestoftheworld.We

createakindofthemepark-likeatmospherewhereeveryThursdayisoccupiedbyadifferentliterarystyleorart

form.”

ThereadingswouldmainlybeinEnglish,butwithaninternationalcommunity,anewsection

called'Toetry-in-Translation^wasstarted,whichfeaturedworksinChinese,French,Arabic,Russian,Spanishand

otherlanguages.

JoiningorganizedactivitieslikeSpittooncanbeamajorhelpforthosecaughtupinaboringlife.Andit's

especiallyimportantforthepeoplewhohavemovedtoChinaastheyneedtobuildnewrelationshipswhileliving

inadifferentcountry.

4.WhatcanweknowabouttheSpittoonCollective?

A.Itwasclosedin2019.

B.Itwassetupin2013inBeijing.

C.It'spopularwithliteraturelovers.

D.It'sacommunityjustforforeigners.

5.WhydidByrnestarttheSpittoonCollectiveinBaochaoHutong?

A.Toattractstudents'loveofpoetry.

B.ToexpandChina'sliteratureglobally.

C.lbmakeBeijing'shutongsfamous.

D.Tocombinepoetrywiththehutong.

6.WhateffectwouldtheSpittoonCollectivehaveonChineseculture?

A.Beneficial.B.Negative.C.Challenging.D.Controversial.

7.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetotheSpittoonCollective?

A.Unclear.B.Intolerant.C.Doubtful.D.Favorable.

【答案】4.C5.D6.A7.D

【解析】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹的是英國詩人馬修?伯恩在北京成立的名為SpittoonCollective的讀書

組織。

4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“WhilesomeofBeijing'sliteraryinstitutionswouldgoontocloseinthefallof

2019,Spittoonwouldcontinuetogrowasacommunityforpoetsandwriters,aswellasmusiciansandothersinthe

creativescene"（盡管北京的一些文學(xué)機(jī)構(gòu)將在2019年秋季關(guān)閉，但Spit-toon將繼續(xù)發(fā)展，成為一個詩人、

作家、音樂家和其他創(chuàng)作領(lǐng)域的社區(qū)）可知，SpittoonCollective很受文學(xué)愛好者的歡迎，故選C。

5.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的“InBeijing,youhavethesewonderfulhutongs,ancientstructureswhereyoucan

walkdownandvisitcoolbars,soIthoughtitwouldbegoodtohaveapoetryeventasitseemedlikepoetry

belongednaturallytothisarea”（在北京，你可以在這些美妙的胡同和古老的建筑中漫步，參觀很酷的酒吧，

所以我認(rèn)為舉辦一個詩歌活動會很好，因為詩歌似乎是這個地區(qū)的自然之物）可知，拜恩在寶潮胡同創(chuàng)辦

了SpittoonCollective是為了將詩歌與胡同結(jié)合起來，故選D。

6.推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“ThereadingswouldmainlybeinEnglish,butwithaninternational

community,anewsectioncalled'Toetry-in-Translation^wasstarted,whichfeaturedworksinChinese,French,

Arabic,Russian,Spanishandotherlanguages”（讀書會主要用英語進(jìn)行，但在國際社會的幫助下，一個名為

“翻譯中的詩歌”的新欄目開始了，其中有中文、法文、阿拉伯語、俄語、西班牙語和其他語言的作品）可知，

SpittoonCollective對中國文化是有好處的，故選A。

7.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的"JoiningorganizedactivitieslikeSpittooncanbeamajorhelpforthosecaughtup

inaboringlife.Andit'sespeciallyimportantforthepeoplewhohavemovedtoChinaastheyneedtobuildnew

relationshipswhilelivinginadifferentcountry^^（參加像Spittoon這樣有組織的活動對那些陷入無聊生活的人

來說是一個很大的幫助。對于移居中國的人來說，這尤其重要，因為他們需要在不同的國家建立新的關(guān)系）

可知，作者對于SpittoonCollective的態(tài)度是贊許的，即Favorable,故選D。

I'velongbelievedthatpositivelivingisn'taboutbeingoptimisticeveryminuteofeveryday.Thatkindof

permanentlyhappystatecan'tbethegoal,becauseit'simpossibletoachieve.

Itturnsoutthatpsychologicalresearchfindstruehappinesscomesfromauthenticpositivity,andauthentic

positivitycomesfromemotionalflexibility.

Beingflexibleemotionallymeansbeingopentothefullrangeofemotionalexperiences,includingthe

challengingoneslikeanger,disappointmentandsadness.Emotionalflexibilitymeansbeingabletoshiftbehaviors

andmindsetstomeetdifferentsituationalneeds,andadaptingwhencircumstanceschange.

However,emotionallyflexiblepeoplearenotchameleons（變色龍）whoseoutlookchangesbasedonwhich

waythewindisblowing.Instead,emotionalflexibilityisaskillthathelpspeoplejudgethecomplexitiesofdaily

life,andsticktotheirdeeplyheldvalues.

I'velearnedanewwordthatI'dliketosharewithyou:Eudaimonia（幸福感）.Eudaimoniaistheoppositeof

hedonism（享樂主義），theideathathappinesscomesfromtheconstantpursuitofpleasureandavoidanceofpain.

Eudaimonia,bycontrast,encouragesustopursuemeaningandauthenticity,growthandhonestjoy.Bothare

philosophicalapproachestohappiness,andrecentpsychologicalthoughtisleaningtowardeudaimoniaasamore

sustainable,satisfyingmodel.

EudaimoniawasfirstmentionedbyAristotle,whogotthetermfromtheGreekword“daimon,“whichmeans

“truenature.^^Tome,walkingapositivepathmeansacceptingthatweeachhavepositivetruenatureandpermanent

goodness.Whatwelearnfromtheconceptofeudaimoniaisthatwearebestequippedtorealizethisnaturewhen

weareemotionallyhonestandflexible.

8.Whatistheauthor'sbelief?

A.Peopleshouldlivealone.

B.Peoplecan'talwaysbehappy.

C.Peoplecan'talwaysachievetheirgoals.

D.Peopleshouldpursuetrueachievements.

9.Whatdoenmotionallyflexiblepeoplecommitthemselvesto?

A.Theirstronglybelievedvalues.B.Theirdifferentneeds.

C.Permanenthappiness.D.Thepursuitofhedonism.

10.Howcanpeoplegaineudaimoniaaccordingtotheauthor?

A.Bybeinghonesttoothers.B.Bychangingtruenature.

C.Bykeepingrealsticallyoptimistic.D.Bypursuingpleasureconstantly.

11.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.Whatisthemeaningofeudaimonia?

B.Whatshouldwedotokeeppositive?

C.Howcanwekeephappyforever?

D.Whycan'tpeoplebehappyallthetime?

【答案】8.B9.A10.C11.A

【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了真正的幸福快樂是什么，以及在情感上誠實和靈活有助于提

升幸福感。

8.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通過文章第一段"I'velongbelievedthatpositivelivingisn'taboutbeingoptimisticeveryminute

ofeveryday.Thatkindofpermanentlyhappystatecan'tbethegoal,becauseit'simpossibletoachieve.（我——直相

信積極的生活并不是每天每一分鐘都保持樂觀。那種永久的快樂狀態(tài)不是我們的目標(biāo)，因為它不可能實現(xiàn)廣

可知，作者認(rèn)為人們不可能總是快樂的。故選B項。

9.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通過文章第四段“Instead,emotionalflexibilityisaskillthathelpspeoplejudgethecomplexities

ofdailylife,andsticktotheirdeeplyheldvalues.（相反，情感的靈活性是一種技能，幫助人們判斷日常生活的

復(fù)雜性，并堅持他們根深蒂固的價值觀）“可知，感情上靈活的人遵從自己堅信的價值觀。故選A項。

10.推理判斷題。通過文章第二段“truehappinesscomesfromauthenticpositivity（真正的幸福來自真實的積極

性）”以及文章彳到數(shù)第二段“Eudaimonia,bycontrast,encouragesustopursuemeaningandauthenticity,growthand

honesljoy”相反，幸福感鼓勵我們追求意義和真實、成長和誠實的快樂戶可推知，作者認(rèn)為，保持真實樂觀

可以獲得幸福感。故選C項。

11.主旨大意題。通讀全文，再結(jié)合文章倒數(shù)第二段“recentpsychologicalthoughtisleaningtowardeudaimonia

asamoresustainable,satisfyingmodel.（最近的心理學(xué)思想傾向于將幸福感作為一種更可持續(xù)、更令人滿意的

模式）”可推知，本文主要介紹了什么是幸福感，真正的幸?？鞓肥鞘裁础項“幸福感的含義是什么？”符合

文意，最適合作為文章標(biāo)題。故選A項。

Everyracehorsehasdifferentabilities.Likehumans,someareshort-distancerunners,whileothersare

marathoners.Figuringoutwhichiswhichandhowtopacethemcanbethedifferencebetweenfailureinthefinish

andtakingtheawardhome.Jockeys（賽馬騎師）andtrainershavetraditionallyreliedoncenturiesofexperience

anddatafrompreviousracestoplantheirraces.

AmandineAftalion,amathematicianinParis,thoughtshecouldaddtothat.Since2013,shehasbeen

analyzingtheperformancesofworldchampionrunnerslikeUsainBolt.Shehasfoundthatshort-distancerunners

tendtowinwhentheystartstrongandgraduallyslowdowntowardthefinishline.Butinmedium-distanceraces,

runnersperformbetterwhentheystartstrong,settledown,andfinishwithaburstofspeed.

Hermodelshowshowthosewinningstrategiesmaximizetheenergyoutputofmusclesreliantontwodifferent

pathways：powerfulaerobic（有氧的）onesthatrequireoxygen,whichcanbeinlimitedsupplyduringarace,

andanaerobicones,whichdon'tneedoxygenbutbuildupwasteproductsthatleadtotiredness.

Aftalionwonderedwhichstrategywouldbebestforhorses.SosheandQuentinMercier,another

mathematician,tookadvantageofanewGPStrackingtoolinsertedinFrenchracingsaddles（馬鞍）.

ThetwostudiedpatternsinmanyracesattheChantillyracetracksnorthofParisanddevelopedamodelthat

accountedforwinningstrategiesforthreedifferentraces：ashortone（1,300meters）,amediumone（1,900

meters）,andaslightlylongerone（2,100meters）,allwithdifferentstartingpointsonthesametrack.Themodel

takesintoaccountnotjustdifferentracedistances,butalsothesizeorfrictionfromthetracksurface.

Theresultsmightsurprisejockeyswhoholdhorsesbackearlyforburstsofenergyinthelastfinish.Instead,

astrongstartleadstoabetterfinish,theteamfound."Thatdoesn*tmeanthosejockeysarewrong,though.Ifthe

startistoostrong,itcanbedevastatingaswell,leavingthehorsetiredbytheend,“Aftalionsays.

12.Whatshouldarunnerdotogetanawardaccordingtothetext?

A.Makeagoodstart.B.Planfortheraceearly.

C.Runslowlyonthestartingline.D.Tryrunningquicklyallthetime.

13.WhatformedthebasisforAftalion'sstudyinghorserace?

A.Theexperienceanddatafromprevioushorseraces.

B.Thebenefitofknowinghorses'differentabilities.

C.Thesuccessinstudyingrunners'winningstrategies.

D.Theperformanceofhorsesondifferentracedistances.

14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword^devastating^inthelastparagraphmean?

A.Boring.B.Damaging.C.Astonishing.D.Puzling.

15.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?

A.Runnershavethesameenergyoutputofmuscles.

B.Aftalion'sfindingsmayhelphorsestowintherace.

C.WhatJockeysandtrainersdomakesnosensetohorses.

D.Worldchampionrunnersmadeacontributiontothestudy.

【答案】12.A13.C14.B15.B

【解析】本文是一篇說明文。阿夫達(dá)里昂通過分析跑步運(yùn)動員在比賽中的表現(xiàn)，發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些扁得比賽的策

略。通過進(jìn)一步的研窕，她發(fā)現(xiàn)這些策略還適用于比賽中的馬。

12.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Shehasfoundthatshort-distancerunnerstendtowinwhentheystartstrongand

graduallyslowdowntowardthefinishline.Butinmedium-distanceraces,runnersperformbetterwhentheystart

strong,settledown,andfinishwithaburstofspeed.（她發(fā)現(xiàn)短跑運(yùn)動員在起跑猛，并逐漸放慢至終點線時，

他們往往會獲勝。而在中距離賽跑中，運(yùn)動員起跑猛，逐漸減弱，然后以沖刺結(jié)束，往往表現(xiàn)更好）“可知，

跑步運(yùn)動員要爭取好的開始，這樣有助于他們贏得比賽。故選擇A項。

13.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段第徇“Aftalionwonderedwhichstrategywouldbebestforhorses.（阿夫達(dá)里昂

想知道哪個策略更適合賽馬）”結(jié)合第二段和第三段中介紹的阿夫達(dá)里昂關(guān)于跑步運(yùn)動員的比賽策略，可知，

運(yùn)動員的比賽獲勝策略的研究成果，是阿夫達(dá)里昂對賽馬研究的基礎(chǔ)。故選擇C項。

14.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)上文“Ifthestartistoostrong（如果開始太過于強(qiáng)烈）”以及下文"leavingthehorsetired

bytheend（使得馬在最后階段感到疲憊）”可知，太過猛烈的開始，對參賽馬匹也是有危害的，故選擇B項。

15.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Theresultsmightsurprisejockeyswhoholdhorsesbackearlyforburstsof

energyinthelastfinish.（這個結(jié)果可能會讓那些在最后一圈阻止馬爆發(fā)能量的騎師感到吃驚）”可知，阿夫

達(dá)里昂對于賽馬展開的研究可以為騎師提供一些比賽策略，這可以幫助參賽馬匹贏得比賽。故選擇B項。

閱讀【浙江省2022屆高三上學(xué)期百校秋季開學(xué)聯(lián)考】

WhenicytemperaturesfrozeKodak,Tennessee,shuttingpowerdownandfreezingpipes.SeanPatel,

ownerofthelocalQualityInn,wantedtodosomethingtohelphisneighbors:openhishoteltoallcomers,and

providethemfoodandwarmthuntilthepowercamebackon.

Hisfriendsaskedhimtodialitbackabitbecausehewasspendingsomuchofhisownmoneyandenergyto

helpothersbutPatelwouldn'tlisten,HBusinessisdown,butIstillhaveclothesonmyback,thekidsaresafe,we

haveashowerandfood.saysPatel."Weallhavetolookoutforeachother."TheimmigrantfromIndiasaw

goodnessinthepeoplearoundhimwhenhesettledinTennessee,andwantedtobeapartofit."Isawhowmuch

peoplehelpedeachotherintheSouthanditgottome,*'explainsPatel.MIt'snotalwaysaboutmoney.Ialways

wantedtobethatkindofperson.

BetweenChristmasandNewYearsof2021,all60roomsinthehotelwerecompletelyoccupied,withsome

roomshousingasmanyaseightornineadults.Someguestsevenstayedinthelobbyormeetingroomsjusttohave

awarmplacetobe.Acoupleroomsundermaintenancewereusedsoguestsinthelobbycouldtakeashower,

whichPatePsteamsanitizedthoroughlyaftereachuser.PeoplecametogetherinwaysthatPatelhasneverseen

before.Thehotelstaffturnedontheirbreakfaststationsopeoplewouldn'thavetoworry.

Withover200peopleatthehotel,therewasn'tanyfuss.Nooneargued.Everyonemadesuretheotherswere

comfortable.warm,andfedastheytookturnscookingfbreachother.44Itwasn'taboutwhowasBlack,White,

Democrat,Republican,COVID,ornoCOVID,everyonewasafamily,"sayshotelmanagerShellyShirley.Allthe

guestswhowereatthehotelduringthefreezehaveevenkeptintouchviaaFacebookgroup!Theycheckinon

eachotherandkeepupwithnewsfromeachotherslives.

1.WhatinspiredPateltodothegooddeed?

A.Hisneighboringpeople'sgoodbehavior.

B.Thebadbusinesssituationatthemoment.

C.Hisfriends*notunderstandingofhisbehavior.

D.Theicywhethertheysufferedinthecoldwinter.

2.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?

A.TheimportanceofPatel'scharitywork.

B.ThepeoplesappreciationtoPatel'seffort.

C.Whatthehoteldidtohelpthepeopleinneed.

D.Thecomfortableconditionsthehotelprovidedtothepeople.

3.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

A.Thereweretoomanypeoplestayinginthehotel

B.Theprogramhadadeepandlastingeffectonpeople.

C.Patel'shotelprovidedpeoplewithcomfortableconditions.

D.PeopleweregratefultoPateforhiskindnessduringthehardtime.

【答案】1.A2.C3.B

【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了在嚴(yán)寒期間一家酒店的老板SeanPatel為需要的人們提供食宿幫助的

善行義舉。

1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段倒第四句"TheimmigrantfromIndiasawgoodnessinthepeoplearoundhimwhenhe

settledinTennessee,andwantedtobeapartofit.”（這位來自印度的移民在田納西定居后，看到了周圍人的善

良，并想成為其中的一員。）,倒第二句"IsawhowmuchpeoplehelpedeachotherintheSouthanditgotto

me（我看到南方的人們互相幫助，這讓我深受感動）”和最后一句"Ialwayswantedtobethatkindofperson（我一

直想成為那樣的人）”可知，Patel受到鄰居的良好行為而決定做善事。故選A。

2.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段第一句"BetweenChristmasandNewYearsof2021,all60roomsinthehotelwere

completelyoccupied,withsomeroomshousingasmanyaseightornineadults.（在2021年的圣誕節(jié)和新年期間，

該酒店的60個房間全部被占滿，有些房間甚至可以容納8、9名成年人。廣，第二句coupleroomsunder

maintenancewereusedsoguestsinthelobbycouldtakeashower,whichPateFsteamsanitizedthoroughlyafter

eachuser.（有幾間正在維修的房間被使用，以便大廳里的客人可以淋浴，帕特爾的團(tuán)隊在每個用戶使用后都

徹底消毒。）”和最后一句"Thehotelstaffturnedontheirbreakfaststationsopeoplewouldn'thavetoworry.（酒店

的工作人員打開了早餐臺，這樣人們就不用擔(dān)心了。）“可知，第三段主要是講賓館為需要的人們提供的住宿

條件、衛(wèi)生條件和飯食條件，即帕特爾的的賓館為需要的人們所做的事情。故選C。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后兩句"Alltheguestswhowereatthehotelduringthefreezehaveevenkeptin

touchviaaFacebookgroup!Theycheckinoneachotherandkeepupwithnewsfromeachotherslives.（所有在嚴(yán)

寒期入住酒店的客人甚至還通過Facebook群保持聯(lián)系!他們互相關(guān)注，了解彼此的生活。廣可知，這個項目

對人們產(chǎn)生了深遠(yuǎn)的影響。故選B。

TheNewYorkTimesstatesthatcheerleadingisthefastestgrowinggirlssport,yetmorethanhalfof

Americansdonotbelieveitisasport,Inaddition,theyfailtodistinguishbetweensidelinecheerleadersand

competitiveones.Sidelinecheerleaders*maingoalistoentertainthecrowdandleadthemwithteamcheers,which

shouldnotbeconsideredasport.Whilecompetitivecheerleadingisratheradifferentone.

Asport,accordingtotheAssociationofCheerleadingCoachesandAdvisors,isa"physicalcompetition

againstanopponent,governedbyrulesandconditionsunderwhichawinnerisdeclared,andprimarypurposeof

thecompetitionisacomparisonoftherelativeskillsoftheparticipants."Itisobviousthatcheerleadingfollows

theseguidelines.

Justasbasketballandfootballhaveguidelinesforcompetitiveplay,sodoescompetitivecheerleading.The

wholeroutinehastobecompletedinlessthan3minutesand15secondsandthecheerleadersarerequiredtostay

withinacertainarea.Competitivecheerleadersgoalistobethebest,Justlikegymnasts,theyareawardedpoints

fordifficulty,technique,creativityandsharpness.Cheerleadingisateamsportsowithoutcooperationand

synchronization,firstplaceisoutofreach.

AccordingtotheNationalCenterforCatastrophicSportInjuryResearch,cheerleadingisthenumber-one

causeofserioussportsinjuriestowomen.Emergencyroomvisitsforcheerleadingarefivetimesthenumberfor

anyothersport,partiallybecausetheydonotwearprotectivegear.Whilemanyathletesareequippedwithhippads,

kneepads,shinguardsorhelmets,smilingcheerleadersaretossedintotheairandspiraldownintothearmsof

trustedteammates,Thefliersmustremaintightatalltimessothattheirbasescancatchthemsafely.

Alsobecausecheerleadingisnotyetrecognizedasasportbymanyschools.neitherpropermattingnorhigh

enoughceilingsareprovidedtoensuresafety,Instead.thegirlsusewhateverspaceisavailable.Morerecognition

ofcompetitivecheerleadingasasportwoulddecreasethenumberofinjuries.

4.Whatproblemiscompetitivecheerleadingfacing?

A.Itisgovernedbystrictrules.

B.Peopledon'tacceptitasasport

C.Itiscomparedwithprofessionalgymnastics.

D.Peopledonknowitsdifferencewithsidelinecheerleaders.

5.Whyarebasketballandfootballmentionedinthetext?

A.Todistinguishcheerleadingwithbasketballandfootball.

B.Toshowthatcheerleadingisaspopularasbasketballandfootball.

C.Toshowcheerleadinghasthetypicalcharactersofcommonsports.

D.Tostatethatcheerleadingshouldfollowtherulesoftraditionalsports.

6.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofcheerleading?

A.Morepeopleshouldtakepartinit.

B.Competitivecheerleadingisdangerous.

C.Cheerleadingisthefastestgrowinggirlssport.

D.Moreattentionshouldbeattachedtocompetitivecheerleading.

【答案】4.B5.C6.D

【解析】這是一篇說明文。啦啦隊是發(fā)展最快的女孩運(yùn)動，但超過一半的美國人不相信它是一項運(yùn)動，但

是競技拉拉隊具有普通體育運(yùn)動的典型特征。作者認(rèn)為應(yīng)該對競技啦啦隊給予更多的關(guān)注以減少受傷的數(shù)

量。

4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句"TheNewYorkTimesstatesthatcheerleadingisthefastestgrowinggirlssport,

yetmorethanhalfofAmericansdonotbelieveitisasport9,（《紐約時報》稱，啦啦隊是發(fā)展最快的女孩運(yùn)動，

但超過一半的美國人不相信它是一項運(yùn)動）可知，競技啦啦隊面臨的問題是人們不接受它是一項運(yùn)動。故選

Bo

5.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第一句"Asport,accordingtotheAssociationofCheerleadingCoachesandAdvisors,

isa"physicalcompetitionagainstanopponent,governedbyrulesandconditionsunderwhichawinnerisdeclared,

andprimarypurposeofthecompetitionisacomparisonoftherelativeskillsoftheparticipants.”（根據(jù)拉拉隊教練

和顧問協(xié)會的說法，拉拉隊是一利嚴(yán)與對手進(jìn)行的身體比賽，受宣布獲勝者的規(guī)則和條件的約束，比賽的主

要目的是比較參與者的相對技能。”）和第三段第一句"Justasbasketballandfootballhaveguidelinesfor

competitiveplay,sodoescompetitivecheerleading”（就像籃球和足球有競技比賽的指導(dǎo)方針一樣，競技啦啦隊

也有）可知，文章中提到籃球和足球是為了表明啦啦隊運(yùn)動具有普通體育運(yùn)動的典型特征。故選C。

6.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句"Morerecognitionofcompetitivecheerleadingasasportwoulddecrease

thenumberofinjuries.”（更多的承認(rèn)競技啦啦隊作為一項運(yùn)動將減少受傷的數(shù)量。）可知，作者認(rèn)為應(yīng)該對競

技啦啦隊給予更多的關(guān)注。故選D。

NewfindingsclearlyshowtheAngloSaxonswereameltingpotofpeoplefrombothmigrantandlocal

culturalgroupsandnotonegroupfromWesternEurope.

ProlessorKeithDobneyattheUniversityofSydneysaidtheteam*sresultsstatethat"theAnglo-Saxon

kingdomsofearlyMedievalBritainwereclearlysimilartomodernBritain——fullofpeopleofdifferentancestries

sharingacommonlanguageandculture.^^

PublishedinPLOSONE,thecooperativestudybyProfessorDobneyatUniversityofSydneyandDr

KimberlyPlompandProfessorMarkCollardatSimonFraserUniversityinVancouver,lookedatthe

three-dimensionalshapeofthebaseoftheskull(頭蓋骨).

''Previousstudieshaveshownthatthebaseofthehumanskullholdsashapesignaturethatcanbeusedtotrack

relationshipsamonghumanpopulationsinasimilarwaytoancientDNA,“DrPlompsaid.nBasedonthis,we

collected3DdatafromsuitablydatedskeletalcollectionsfromBritainandDenmark,andthenanalysedthedatato

judgetheancestryoftheAnglo-Saxonindividualsinthesample.^^

Theresearchersfoundthatbetweentwo-thirdsandthree-quartersofearlyAngloSaxonindividualswereof

continentalEuropeanancestry,whilebetweenaquarterandone-thirdwereoflocalancestry.Whentheylookedat

skeletonsdatedtotheMiddleAnglo-Saxonperiod(severalhundredaftertheoriginalmigrantsarrived),theyfound

that50to70percentoftheindividualswereoflocalancestry,while30to50percentwereofcontinentalEuropean

ancestry,whichprobablyindicatesachangeintherateofmigrationandlocaladoptionofcultureovertime."These

findingstellusthatbeingAnglo-Saxonwasmorelikelyamatteroflanguageandculture,notgenetics,"Professor

Collardsaid.

TheongoingandunresolvedargumentiswhetheralotofEuropeaninvaderslargelyreplacedtheexisting

Romano-Britishinhabitants,ordidsmallernumbersofmigrantssettleandinteractwiththelocals,whothen

rapidlyadoptedthenewlanguageandcultureoftheanglo-Saxons?"OurnewdatasuggeststhatearlyAngloSaxon

societywasamixofbothnewcomersandlocalsand,insteadofwholepopulationreplacement,aprocessof

acculturationresultedinAnglo-Saxonlanguageandculturebeingadoptedlargelybythelocalpopulation.

7.Whatcanweinferfromthestudy?

A.ManylocalswerekilledbycontinentalEuropeanmigrates.

B.Anglo-Saxonscreatedthemostpowerfullanguageandculture.

C.TheAnglo-SaxonindividualswereactuallyfromwesternEuropean.

D.Anglo-Saxonswerepeopleofdifferentancestorswiththesameculture.

8.Howdidtheresearcherscarryouttheirstudy?

A.Bystudyingthelocalcultureandlanguage.

B.Bycomparingthechangeratesofdifferentpeople.

C.Bycomparingthedifferentculturesandlanguages.

D.Bystudyingtheshapesoftheskulloftherelatedpeople.

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordacculturationmeaninthelastparagraph?

A.culturaladaptation.B.culturaldevelopment.

C.racefighting.D.cultureinvade.

10.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?

A.AresearchoftheAnglo-Saxonculture.

B.AstudyoftheoriginofAnglo-Saxons.

C.AhistorystoryofAnglo-Saxonindividuals.

D.Astudyofthepoweroflanguageandculture.

【答案】7.D8.D9.A10.B

【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了對盎格魯一撒克遜人起源的研究。

7.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“theAnglo-Saxonkingdomsofearly