江西省九校聯(lián)考2023-2024學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期3月月考英語試題

高三英語試卷注意事項：1．答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號、考場號、座位號填寫在答題卡上。2．回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3．考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A．￡19.15．B．￡9.18．C．￡9.15．答案是C．1．Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Motherandson．B．Husbandandwife．C．Fatheranddaughter2．Whatmightthewomanbegoodat?A．Lookingafterkids．B．Takingcareofelderlypeople．C．Teachingpeoplehowtofindajob．3．Whichcountrydoesthemanwanttogoto?A．Brazil．B．France．C．England．4．Whenistheprojectsupposedtobefinished?A．Before10:00．B．At11:00．C．At12:00．5．Whatwouldthemanliketodo?A．Buyaplaneticket．B．Cancelhisreservation．C．Returnatickettothewoman．第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6．Whywillthespeakershaveameeting?A．Tocheckaproject．B．Toconfirmthedesign．C．Toimprovetheproject．7．Whenwillthespeakersmeet?A．At8:00,Friday．B．At9:00,Friday．C．At9:00,Tuesday．聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8．Wheredoesthewomanlive?A．InApartment205．B．InApartment305．C．InApartment503．9．Whydoesthewomancalltheman?A．Herfridgedoesn’tworkagain．B．Shedoesn’tknowhowtocook．C．Herairconditionerisoutoforder．聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10．Whatwaswrongwiththewoman’scar?A．Itwasonfire．B．Itsenginesmoked．C．Itgaveoutaterriblenoise．11．Whydoesthewomanspeaktotheman?A．Toaskforhelp．B．Tofindafriend．C．Torescueaperson．12．Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodo?A．Ringherfriend．B．Driveatruck．C．Hireacar．聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13．Whatdoesthewomanplantoworkasthissummer?A．Adoctor．B．Anurse．C．Avolunteer．14．WhohadmedicalexaminationsfromJuly15toJuly31lastyear?A．Thechildrenunder5．B．Theadultsover30．C．Theelderlyover55．15．Whatdoesthewomansayaboutthework?A．Everyonehastoarriveearly．B．Noonehasmuchtimetorest．C．Everyonehastobealwayspolite．16．Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantowear?A．fortableshoes．B．Lightclothes．C．Loosetrousers．聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17．Howmanylevelsofcoursesdoestheprogramoffer?A．Seven．B．Eight．C．Twelve．18．Whatisthestrengthoftheprogram?A．Itcanmeetpersonalneeds．B．ItprovidescoursesonUSculture．C．Itisavailablethroughouttheyear．19．Whatcanstudentsgetiftheyperformwellinanendofsessiontest?A．Acourseforfree．B．Achancetoworkparttime．C．Apromotiontoahigherlevel．20．WhatdoestheLanguageCenterBonusProjectprovide?A．Fieldtrips．B．Socialactivities．C．Extrapracticehours．第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ADiscovertheHugeHealthBenefitsofStrengthTrainingOneofthebestwaystostayfitandhealthyasyouageistodostrengthandpowertrainingexercises.Itisknownthatwhenyouareinyourthirties,youwillbegintolosemusclemass.Thislossactuallycontributestoachyjoints,theincreasedriskofinjury,andthe“middleagespread”weallfear.What’smore,theolderyouget,thefastermusclemassloses.Itmeansthateventually,simpletaskslikegettingoutofachairandclimbingstairscanbeemoredifficult.Strengthtrainingcanhelpyoubuildmuscles,makeyoustrong,increaseyourstayingpowerandmakeeverydayactivitieseasier.Bybiningstrengthandpowertrainingexercises,you’llnotonlygetstronger,butalsoimproveyourreactionspeed.Asyougrowolder,that’scriticalbecauseitcanhelppreventfalls.Hereisabook,StrengthandPowerTrainingforAllAges,foryourreference.monsenseaboutfitnessinthebook:·Thekeymusclestoworkforaninjuryfreebody·Howtotellhowmuchweightissuitableforyou·Howtostrengthenthebonesmostlikelytobreak·Howtotakepressureoffyourkneeswhenwalkingorrunning·Whyyou’llwanttoapplyheattosorejointsbeforeyouexerciseFourtotalbodyworkoutsinthebook:·Buildbones·Fightdiseases·Improvebalance·Strengthenmuscles&IncreasemusclepowerGetacopy,starttraining,andthenyou’lldiscoverawholenewself.1.Whatwillhappenaspeopleageaccordingtoparagraph1?A.Theywillneedlessexercise.B.Theywillimprovereactionspeed.C.Theywillexperiencemuscleloss.D.Theywillhavebetterstayingpower.2.WhatdoesStrengthandPowerTrainingforAllAgesmainlyteachpeopletodo?A.Traintheirbrains. B.Buildasoundbody.C.Treatbonediseases. D.Cutdowntheirweight.3.Whatisthetext?A.Anotice. B.Anoralfolktale.C.Ascientificpaper. D.Anadvertisement.【答案】1.C2.B3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要給讀者推薦《所有年齡段的力量和力量訓(xùn)練》這本書?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段中“Itisknownthatwhenyouareinyourthirties,youwillbegintolosemusclemass.Thislossactuallycontributestoachyjoints,theincreasedriskofinjury,andthe“middleagespread”weallfear.What’smore,theolderyouget,thefastermusclemassloses.(眾所周知，當(dāng)你在30多歲的時候，你會開始失去肌肉。這種損失實際上會導(dǎo)致關(guān)節(jié)疼痛，受傷的風(fēng)險增加，以及我們都害怕的“中年傳播”。更重要的是，你年紀(jì)越大，肌肉流失得越快。)”可知，隨著年齡的增長，人們將經(jīng)歷肌肉損失。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段中“Strengthtrainingcanhelpyoubuildmuscles,makeyoustrong,increaseyourstayingpowerandmakeeverydayactivitieseasier.Bybiningstrengthandpowertrainingexercises,you’llnotonlygetstronger,butalsoimproveyourreactionspeed.Asyougrowolder,that’scriticalbecauseitcanhelppreventfalls.Hereisabook,

StrengthandPowerTrainingforAllAges ,foryourreference.(力量訓(xùn)練可以幫助你鍛煉肌肉，使你強壯，增加你的耐力，使日?；顒痈菀住Ｍㄟ^結(jié)合力量和力量訓(xùn)練，你不僅會變得更強壯，還會提高你的反應(yīng)速度。隨著年齡的增長，這是至關(guān)重要的，因為它可以幫助防止跌倒。這里有一本書，《所有年齡段的力量和力量訓(xùn)練》，供你參考。)”可知，《所有年齡段的力量和力量訓(xùn)練》主要教人們建立一個健全的身體。故選B。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了力量鍛煉和《所有年齡段的力量和力量訓(xùn)練》這本書對力量鍛煉的好處，結(jié)合文章最后一段“Getacopy,starttraining,andthenyou’lldiscoverawholenewself.(買一本，開始訓(xùn)練，然后你會發(fā)現(xiàn)一個全新的自己)”推知，本文是一則宣傳書的廣告。故選D。BIfthere’sonethingI’verealizedsincebeingamalecollegestudent,it’sthatfindingasummerjobisnearlyimpossible.I’veappliedtosomanyplacesandI’veexperiencedsomanyinterviews,butIalwayseithergetstraightuprefusalorneverhearfromthepanyagain.Onetime,Ievencalledoneofthepaniesmultipletimes,butthemanageravoidedme.Iwasclosetogivingup.IfeltlikeIwastheonlyonestrugglinghard.Ihadaprettygoodresume,andIalwaysdressednicelyformyinterviews,sowhycouldn’tIgetajob?Well,thereasonisactuallyrightinfrontofme—Iamastudent.paniesgenerallywantstudentswhocanworkallyearlong,butmostofthemaren’twillingtobeflexiblewithschedules.Icouldn’ttellyouhowmanytimesinterviewerstoldmethattheywerelookingforsomeonepermanent.Itriedlookingforjobsmarkedastemporaryones.AndIevenoncetriedtoapplythroughatemporaryagency.Butitdidn’twork.EvenifIwantedtoworkduringtheschoolyear,noneofthepanieswantedtohiremebecauseofmylimitedweekdayavailability.AnddespitenotknowingifIcouldjuggle(盡量兼顧)bothschoolandajob,IevenstartedtotellinterviewersthatIwouldliketoworkduringtheschoolyearandgiveupmyweekends.ButIhadnoluck.I’mnotsureifthereareotherslikemeoutthere.ButifyouaregoingthroughsomethingsimilarwhatIwanttotellyouistokeepontrying.Despitebeingrejectedsomanytimes,IstillappliedforanyjobthatIwasqualifiedfor.Ievenstartedmyjobsearchbeforethesemesterendedtogetahead.Eventually,Igotmyidealsummerjob.Iknowit’sfrustrating,andyoumayfeellikeyou’vetriedeverything—that’showI’vefeltforalongtime.Andnow,withpaniesrequiringyearsofexperience,it’sevenhardertogetajobifyou’resomeonelikeme.Butdon’tgiveup.Keepsearchingandapplying,signupforsitesthatsendyoujoboffersandlookontheuniversity’swebsiteforoncampusjobs.4.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoconveyinparagraph2?A.Hisbrilliantacademicrecords.B.Thecauseofhisunemployment.C.Hisjoblessconfusioninsummer.D.Thesocialprejudicetograduates.5.Whydidthetemporaryagencyfailtheauthor?AHewastroubledwithschoolwork.B.Hewasthoughttohavetightworktime.C.Hewasunwillingtobalancestudyandwork.D.Hewasregardedasaninexperiencedstudent.6.Whatcanbeconcludedfromparagraph5?A.Wellbegunishalfdone.B.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.C.Everythingestohimwhowaits.D.AllworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboy.7.Whatistheauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthelastparagraph?A.Togiveadvice. B.Tocorrectanerror.C.Topareoccupations. D.Torecallregrettableexperiences.【答案】4.C5.B6.C7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者作為一名大學(xué)生找暑期工作頻頻受挫，但他沒有放棄，最終找到了理想的暑期工作。【4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Onetime,Ievencalledoneofthepaniesmultipletimes,butthemanageravoidedme.Iwasclosetogivingup．IfeltlikeIwastheonlyonestrugglinghard.Ihadaprettygoodresume,andIalwaysdressednicelyformyinterviews,sowhycouldn’tIgetajob?(有一次，我甚至多次給其中一家公司打，但經(jīng)理沒有見我。我?guī)缀跻艞壛?。我覺得只有我一個人在苦苦掙扎。我有一份很好的簡歷，面試時我總是穿著得體，所以為什么我找不到工作呢？)”可知，作者想在第2段中表達他失業(yè)時的困惑。故選C。【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“EvenifIwantedtoworkduringtheschoolyear,noneofthepanieswantedtohiremebecauseofmylimitedweekdayavailability.AnddespitenotknowingifIcouldjuggle(盡量兼顧)bothschoolandajob,IevenstartedtotellinterviewersthatIwouldliketoworkduringtheschoolyearandgiveupmyweekends.ButIhadnoluck.(即使我想在學(xué)年期間工作，也沒有一家公司愿意雇傭我，因為我工作日的可用性有限。盡管我不知道自己是否能兼顧學(xué)校和工作，但我甚至開始告訴面試官，我想在學(xué)年工作，放棄周末。但我沒有運氣。)”可知，臨時代理機構(gòu)不愿意接納作者是因為他們認(rèn)為他工作時間很緊。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中的“Despitebeingrejectedsomanytimes,IstillappliedforanyjobthatIwasqualifiedfor.Ievenstartedmyjobsearchbeforethesemesterendedtogetahead.Eventually,Igotmyidealsummerjob.(盡管被拒絕了很多次，我仍然申請了任何我有資格的工作。我甚至在學(xué)期結(jié)束前就開始找工作，最終找到了理想的暑期工作。)”可知，只要一個人愿意等待，事情必將會發(fā)生。故選C。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Butdon’tgiveup.Keepsearchingandapplying,signupforsitesthatsendyoujoboffersandlookontheuniversity’swebsiteforoncampusjobs.(但不要放棄。繼續(xù)搜索和申請，注冊向你發(fā)送工作邀請的網(wǎng)站，并在大學(xué)網(wǎng)站上尋找校內(nèi)工作。)”可知，作者寫最后一段的主要目的是提供建議。故選A。CByexperiencingthesensationsoftherealityaroundus,wecreateasubjectiveunderstandingofwhatrealityis.Languagecameintobeingwiththedevelopmentofmankind.Itrequirestheuseofmorethanoneofthebasicfivehumansenses,whichshowsthatlanguageisaplexprocessthatbringshugepoweralongwithit.Thispowerissostrongthatitcandemonstratethatlanguagecaninfluencethewaywethink.Languagecanbeanamazingtoolforchange,bothpositiveandnegative.Languagecanpletelychangeourperceptionoftime.Thechangedperceptionoftimeisn’ttheonlywaylanguageaffectshowwethink.Oursenseofselfisalsosignificantlychanged,especiallyifapersonisbilingual(雙語的).Dependingonwhichlanguageapersonwhoisbilingualisusing,hissenseofselfchanges.Thedifferencesmayevenbeesogreatastochangehispersonalities.Wordteachingplaysanimportantpartineducation,sotoexpandlanguageistoexpandtheabilitytothink.Wecanseethisinchildren,whosethinkingdevelopshandinhandwithlanguage.Ithelpsagreatdealtoincreasetheir“wordpower”bylearningnewwordsinordertodevelopnewideasandnewwaysofthinking.Theincreasein“wordpower”extendstothosewholackthesenseofhearing,thankstothemoderninventionofsignlanguage.Sincethebeginning,signlanguagehasalloweddeafpeopletobeefullyliterate.Whetherwearedeafornot,languagetransformsexperienceandconnectsustothepastaswellasthefuture.Bemindfulofhowimportantlanguageistoourperceptionofrealityandallitsvariousaspects,andwecanempowerourselvesbeyondourpresentlimitationsandexpandourawareness.8.Whatistherelationshipbetweenlanguageandsenses?A.Opposite. B.Correlative. C.Independent. D.petitive.9.Whatdoesparagraph2highlightaboutlanguage?A.Itsrole. B.Itsformation.C.Itschanges. D.Itsdifferences.10.Howcanchildren’sthinkingabilitybedevelopedaccordingtothetext?A.Byenlargingtheirvocabulary.B.Bylearningabouttheirlimitations.C.Bychangingtheirwaysofspeaking.D.Bytransformingtheirpastexperiences.11.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.WhyDoesLanguageConnectUsClosely?B.WhenShouldWeAchieveLanguageSkills?C.HowDoesLanguageInfluenceOurThoughts?D.WhatShouldWeDotoLearnLanguageWell?【答案】8.B9.A10.A11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文。主要討論了語言對人類感知現(xiàn)實、思維方式以及認(rèn)知能力的影響?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Thispowerissostrongthatitcandemonstratethatlanguagecaninfluencethewaywethink.(這種力量如此強大，它可以證明語言可以影響我們的思維方式)”可知，出語言和感官之間有相關(guān)性。故選B項?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Languagecanpletelychangeourperceptionoftime.Thechangedperceptionoftimeisn’ttheonlywaylanguageaffectshowwethink.Oursenseofselfisalsosignificantlychanged,especiallyifapersonisbilingual(語言可以完全改變我們對時間的感知。時間觀念的改變并不是語言影響我們思考的唯一方式。我們的自我意識也會發(fā)生顯著變化，尤其是當(dāng)一個人會說兩種語言的時候)”可知，第二段強調(diào)了語言的作用。故選A項?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Wordteachingplaysanimportantpartineducation,sotoexpandlanguageistoexpandtheabilitytothink.Wecanseethisinchildren,whosethinkingdevelopshandinhandwithlanguage(單詞教學(xué)在教育中起著重要的作用，拓展語言就是拓展思維能力。我們可以在孩子身上看到這一點，他們的思維與語言密切相關(guān))”可知，可以通過擴大詞匯量培養(yǎng)孩子的思維能力。故選A項?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Languagecameintobeingwiththedevelopmentofmankind.Itrequirestheuseofmorethanoneofthebasicfivehumansenses,whichshowsthatlanguageisaplexprocessthatbringshugepoweralongwithit(語言是隨著人類的發(fā)展而產(chǎn)生的。它需要使用人類基本的五種感官中的一種以上，這表明語言是一個復(fù)雜的過程，它帶來了巨大的力量)”、第二段“Dependingonwhichlanguageapersonwhoisbilingualisusing,hissenseofselfchanges.Thedifferencesmayevenbeesogreatastochangehispersonalities(一個會說兩種語言的人，其自我意識會隨著使用哪種語言而變化。這種差異甚至可能變得如此之大，以至于改變了他的個性)”以及最后一段“Whetherwearedeafornot,languagetransformsexperienceandconnectsustothepastaswellasthefuture.Bemindfulofhowimportantlanguageistoourperceptionofrealityandallitsvariousaspects,andwecanempowerourselvesbeyondourpresentlimitationsandexpandourawareness.(無論我們是否失聰，語言都會改變我們的經(jīng)歷，并將我們與過去和未來聯(lián)系起來。注意語言對我們感知現(xiàn)實及其各個方面的重要性，我們可以超越目前的局限，增強自己的能力，擴大我們的意識)”可知，本文主要講的是語言如何影響我們的思維。故選C項。DAteamofphysicistsattheUniversityofEdinburgh,workingwithaninfectionandimmunityspecialist,has,viaexperimentation,validatedatheorytoexplainwhypaintdriesatthesamerateregardlessofhumidity(濕度)levels.Generally,paintshoulddryfasteronanoutdoorfenceonadrydaythanwhenitishumidbecauseevaporation(蒸發(fā))occursfasterwhentheairaroundaliquidsourceisdrier.Butevidencesuggeststhisisnotthecaseforpaintandsomeotherliquids.ChemistSalmonandhiscolleaguesdevelopedatheorytoexplainwhy.Theysuggesteditisbecauselargemoleculesintheliquidarepulledtothesurfaceduringevaporation,forminga“polarizationlayer”thatpreventsevaporation,andbyextension,drying.Inthisneweffort,theresearchteamworkedtotestthistheory.Theresearchersdrilledfiveholesintoashortcylinder(圓柱體)andinsertedglasstubesinahorizontalposition—eachwasthensealedinplace.TheythenaddedaquantityofPVA,akindofchemicalsubstance,intothecylinder,whichtheyplacedonascale.Theypouredathinlayerofoilontopoftheliquidtopreventsurfaceevaporation.Thefinaltouchinvolvedplacinganairflowboxoverthetopofthecylindertoallowforcontrollinghumiditylevels.Theteamthenranmultiple17hourtrialstodetermineevaporationrates,usingthescaletomeasurehowmuchliquidevaporatedfromthetubesatdifferenthumiditylevels,rangingfrom25%to90%.Theresearchersfoundthatasexpected,evaporationratesremainedconstantforapproximatelythreehours.Butthen,ratesplummeted,aswastheorizedbySalmon,regardlessofhumiditylevels.Theevaporationratedidn’tdecreaseashumidityincreasedduringtheinitialthreehours.However,thetheoryonlyappearedtoholdforhumiditylevelsupto80%—atrateshigherthanthat,evaporationdidslowdown,whichtheteamsuggestedwaslikelyduetosomeotherforces.Theresearcherssuggestedtheirworkcouldhavemedicalapplicationsasrecentresearcheffortshaveshownthatrespiratorydroplets(呼吸道飛沫)tendtoformskinssimilartothoseseenintheexperimentalequipment.12.WhatisSalmon’stheoryaimedatproving?A.Thelinkbetweenevaporationanddryingtime.B.Theconnectionbetweenhumidityanddryness.C.Thestructureofthe“polarizationlayer”onpaint.D.Theimpactofhumidityonthedryingrateofpaint.13.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Thetestresult. B.Theposttestevaluation.C.Theresearchprediction. D.Theexperimentalprocess.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“plummeted”inparagraph4mean?A.Fell. B.Kept. C.Disappeared. D.Accelerated.15.Howdotheresearchersfindthestudy?A.Itistentative. B.Itiseffortless.C.Itispromising. D.Itiscontroversial.【答案】12.D13.D14.A15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。介紹了愛丁堡大學(xué)的一組物理學(xué)家通過實驗驗證了一個理論，該理論解釋了為什么無論濕度水平如何，油漆都會以相同的速度干燥?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“AteamofphysicistsattheUniversityofEdinburgh,workingwithaninfectionandimmunityspecialist,has,viaexperimentation,validatedatheorytoexplainwhypaintdriesatthesamerateregardlessofhumidity(濕度)levels(愛丁堡大學(xué)一個物理學(xué)家團隊與一位感染和免疫專家合作，通過實驗驗證了一種理論，解釋了為什么無論濕度水平如何，油漆都會以相同的速度干燥)”可知，薩蒙的理論試圖證明濕度對油漆干燥速率的影響，故選D項?！?3題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Theresearchersdrilledfiveholesintoashortcylinder(圓柱體)andinsertedglasstubesinahorizontalposition—eachwasthensealedinplace(研究人員在一個短圓柱體上鉆了五個孔，并在水平位置插入玻璃管，然后將每個玻璃管密封到位)”、“TheythenaddedaquantityofPVA,akindofchemicalsubstance,intothecylinder,whichtheyplacedonascale.(然后，他們在圓柱體中加入一定量的PVA，一種化學(xué)物質(zhì)，并將其放在天平上)”以及“Thefinaltouchinvolvedplacinganairflowboxoverthetopofthecylindertoallowforcontrollinghumiditylevels(最后一點是在氣缸頂部放置一個氣流箱，以控制濕度水平)”可推理出，本段按照實驗步驟講述了實驗的過程，故選D項。【14題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段“Theysuggesteditisbecauselargemoleculesintheliquidarepulledtothesurfaceduringevaporation,forminga“polarizationlayer”thatpreventsevaporation,andbyextension,drying.Inthisneweffort,theresearchteamworkedtotestthistheory(他們認(rèn)為，這是因為在蒸發(fā)過程中，液體中的大分子被拉到表面，形成了一個“偏振層”，阻止蒸發(fā)，進而阻止干燥。在這項新的研究中，研究小組努力驗證這一理論)”以及第四段“aswastheorizedbySalmon,regardlessofhumiditylevels(正如薩蒙所推測的那樣，無論濕度水平如何)”可推理第四段出劃線詞的含義為“下降”，故選A項?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Theresearcherssuggestedtheirworkcouldhavemedicalapplicationsasrecentresearcheffortshaveshownthatrespiratorydroplets(呼吸道飛沫)tendtoformskinssimilartothoseseenintheexperimentalequipment.(研究人員認(rèn)為他們的研究可能有醫(yī)學(xué)應(yīng)用，因為最近的研究表明，呼吸道飛沫往往會形成與實驗設(shè)備中觀察到的類似的表皮)”可推理出，研究人員認(rèn)為這項研究室有前途的，故選C項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Youknowyoureallywanttogetgoodgrades.Yourparentshaveputthepressureonyou,oryou’vepromisedthatyou’lldobetter.____16____Ifyouworktofindafocusedmindsetandestablishastudyschedule,youcancutoutthedistractionsyouhavecontroloverandminimizetheonesyoucan’tstoppletely.Tuneoutspecificdistractionsasyounoticethem.Sayyou’retryingtostudyinthelibraryandyoukeepgettingdistractedbysomeonetexting.Takenoteofthisspecificdistractionandthentellyourselfyou’regoingtoovereit.____17____Andeventuallyyou’llnolongernoticeit.Giveyourselfabreak.____18____Soit’snosurpriseifyoufindyourselfdistractedfromstudyingbythoughtsaboutalotofotherthings.Ratherthanactinglikeallofthoseotherneedsdon’texist,giveyourselfanoutlet.Spendfiveminutesthinkingabouteverythingthatisonyourplate,butthentellyourselfthatit’stimetofocusonthemaintask—studying.Prioritizeyourstudyingbysettingamaingoal.Whenyou’vegotanexamingup,it’seasytothinkyouneedtostudyeverything.Ifyouwanttomakethingsmoremanageableandbelesspronetobeingdistracted,doasfollows:____19________20____Somepeopleimaginethatknockingoutseveralthingsatoncemeansyoucanworkfaster.However,doingyourhomeworkwhilewatchingTVorshoppingonlinewillcauseyoutoloseyourfocus.Soconcentrateonapieceofworkatatimeinstead.Ifyoufollowtheaboveconsistently,you’llfindthatyougraduallyspendlessandlesstimebeingdistracted.A.Lifecangetreallybusy.B.Don’tattempttomultitask.C.Putofftheeasiertasksinstead.D.Butyouarelikelyunabletoconcentrate.E.Breakthingsdownandestablishjustoneprimarygoal.F.Sometimessteppingawayfromstudiescanbemorebeneficial.G.Keepdoingthiseverytimesomethingtakingyourattentionawayesup.【答案】16.D17.G18.A19.E20.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。本文主要介紹了一些減少干擾的方法?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Ifyouworktofindafocusedmindsetandestablishastudyschedule,youcancutoutthedistractionsyouhavecontroloverandminimizetheonesyoucan’tstoppletely.(如果你努力找到一種專注的心態(tài)并制定一個學(xué)習(xí)時間表，你可以減少你可以控制的干擾，并盡量減少那些你無法完全停止的干擾。)”可知，下文講的是解決辦法，故空格處應(yīng)提出問題。D項“Butyouarelikelyunabletoconcentrate.(但你可能無法集中注意力。)”提出“無法專注”這一問題，承上啟下，符合語境，故選D項。【17題詳解】根據(jù)本段主旨句“Tuneoutspecificdistractionsasyounoticethem.(當(dāng)你注意到特定的干擾時，就要排除它們。)”可知，本段主要講要排除干擾。根據(jù)下文“Andeventuallyyou’llnolongernoticeit.(最終你將不再注意到它。)”可知，空格處與下文是順承關(guān)系，下文講的是做某事的結(jié)果，故空格處應(yīng)講該做什么。G項“Keepdoingthiseverytimesomethingtakingyourattentionawayesup.(每次出現(xiàn)讓你分心的事情時，都要堅持這樣做。)”承上啟下，且符合本段主旨，故選G項?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)本段主旨句“Giveyourselfabreak.(讓自己休息一下。)”可知，本段主要講要讓自己休息。根據(jù)下文“Soit’snosurpriseifyoufindyourselfdistractedfromstudyingbythoughtsaboutalotofotherthings.(所以，如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己被很多其他事情的想法分散了學(xué)習(xí)的注意力，也就不足為奇了。)”可知，空格處與下文是因果關(guān)系。A項“Lifecangetreallybusy.(生活會變得非常忙碌。)”是注意力被分散的原因，故選A項?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)本段主旨句“Prioritizeyourstudyingbysettingamaingoal.(通過設(shè)定一個主要目標(biāo)來優(yōu)先考慮你的學(xué)習(xí)。)”可知，本段主要講要設(shè)定一個主要目標(biāo)。根據(jù)上文“Ifyouwanttomakethingsmoremanageableandbelesspronetobeingdistracted,doasfollows:(如果你想讓事情更易于管理，不太容易分心，請按照以下步驟進行：)”可知，下文應(yīng)承接上文講具體做法。E項“Breakthingsdownandestablishjustoneprimarygoal.(把事情分解，只確立一個主要目標(biāo)。)”承接上文且符合本段主旨。oneprimarygoal與主旨句中的amaingoal呼應(yīng)。故選E項。【20題詳解】空格處為本段主旨句。根據(jù)下文“Somepeopleimaginethatknockingoutseveralthingsatoncemeansyoucanworkfaster.However,doingyourhomeworkwhilewatchingTVorshoppingonlinewillcauseyoutoloseyourfocus.Soconcentrateonapieceofworkatatimeinstead.(有些人認(rèn)為一次搞定幾件事意味著你可以更快地工作。然而，在看電視或網(wǎng)上購物時做家庭作業(yè)會導(dǎo)致你失去注意力。所以一次只專注于一件工作。)”可知，本段主要講要一次專注一件事情。B項“Don’tattempttomultitask.(不要試圖一心多用。)”最能概括本段主旨，故選B項。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。BrinaGarciaisnostrangertoherneighbors.Shelivesinanapartmentandhasbeequite____21____totwolittlegirlswholivenearby,especiallyafterarecentaccidentthatnearlyleftherapartmentin____22____.ThathappenedwhileBrinawasawayatwork．Apotonthestovecaughtherdog’s____23____.Itseemedthatherdog,Teddy,noticedthepotand____24____tousehispawtoturnthestoveon.____25____,afirestarted,promptingthefirealarmto____26____.Fortunately,Brina’syoung____27____,showedupintimewhenhearingthealarmsound.ThegirlsconfirmedthatitcamefromBrina’sapartmentandthencalled911.ThankstoBrina’sRingcamera,theygotin____28____withher.Brinacouldhearthealarm,urginghertoaskthegirlsiftheysmeltsmoke.Theyansweredwithnervous____29____,“Wedid!”Soonafter,firefightersarrived.Uponopeningthedoor,thefirefightersnoticedthehighflames,andBrinastartedtohaveabreakdown.Thankfully,_____30_____,avideocapturedthismoments．ItshowedTeddymakingan_____31_____,somethingthatmightnothavehappenedhaditnotbeenforthegirlsalways_____32_____toothers.Toshowher_____33_____forthegirls’assistance,Brinaplannedtorewardthemwithtoysandfuntreats.“Thesetwolittlegirlsalwaysetomydoortoseemydog,Teddy,”Brinasaid.“Ifitweren’tforthem,thefirefighterswouldn’thaveeto_____34_____intime,myplacewouldbeburneddown,andmydogwouldgetburned．I’mthankfulformyRingdoorbell_____35_____thisalloncamera.”21.A.close B.obedient C.blind D.offensive22.A.order B.rent C.ruins D.efforts23.A.look B.start C.breath D.eye24.A.pretended B.managed C.continued D.failed25.A.Recently B.Generally C.Previously D.Consequently26.A.gooff B.leaveoff C.breakdown D.blowup27.A.players B.neighbors C.colleagues D.partners28.A.harmony B.peace C.contact D.line29.A.tension B.excitement C.merriness D.ease30.A.otherwise B.though C.besides D.therefore31.A.appointment B.attempt C.exception D.escape32.A.identical B.prejudicial C.acmodating D.alarming33.A.respect B.support C.sympathy D.appreciation34.A.help B.ask C.register D.investigate35.A.copying B.losing C.recording D.deleting【答案】21.A22.C23.D24.B25.D26.A27.B28.C29.A30.B31.D32.C33.D34.A35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了兩個小女孩在鄰居家突發(fā)大火撥打緊急，最終消防員及時趕到撲滅大火的故事?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她住在一間公寓里，與住在附近的兩個小女孩關(guān)系很親密，尤其是在最近發(fā)生的一場事故差點把她的公寓弄成廢墟之后。A.close親密的；B.obedient順從的；C.blind盲的；D.offensive無禮的。根據(jù)下文““Thesetwolittlegirlsalwaysetomydoortoseemydog,Teddy,”Brinasaid.”可知，她們的關(guān)系很親密。故選A。【22題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.order命令；B.rent租；C.ruins廢墟；D.efforts努力。根據(jù)下文“afirestarted”可知，這場火災(zāi)差點把她的公寓弄成廢墟。inruins是固定短語，意為“成為廢墟”。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：爐子上的一個鍋引起了她的狗的注意。A.look看；B.start開始；C.breath呼吸；D.eye眼睛。根據(jù)下文“Teddy,noticedthepotand____4____tousehispawtoturnthestoveon.”可知，泰迪設(shè)法用爪子打開了爐子。說明爐子上的一個鍋引起了她的狗的注意。catchone’seye是固定短語，意為“吸引某人的注意”。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她的狗泰迪似乎注意到了鍋，并設(shè)法用爪子打開了爐子。A.pretended假裝；B.managed設(shè)法做成；C.continued繼續(xù)；D.failed失敗。根據(jù)下文“afirestarted”可知，狗狗設(shè)法打開了爐子。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：結(jié)果，一場大火開始了，火警響起。A.Recently最近；B.Generally一般地；C.Previously先前地；D.Consequently結(jié)果。根據(jù)下文“afirestarted”可知，大火開始是打開爐子的結(jié)果，上下文是因果關(guān)系。故選D?！?6題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：同上。A.gooff（警報器）突然大作；B.leaveoff停止；中斷；C.breakdown出故障；D.blowup使爆炸。根據(jù)下文“thealarmsound”可知，火警響起。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運的是，布麗娜的年輕鄰居在聽到警報聲時及時出現(xiàn)了。A.players玩家；B.neighbors鄰居；C.colleagues同事；D.partners伙伴。根據(jù)上文“Shelivesinanapartmentandhasbeequite____1____totwolittlegirlswholivenearby”可知，布麗娜和這兩個小女孩是鄰居關(guān)系。故選B?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：多虧了布麗娜的環(huán)形攝像頭，她們與她取得了聯(lián)系。A.harmony和諧；B.peace和平；C.contact聯(lián)系；D.line線條。根據(jù)下文“Theyansweredwithnervous____9____,“Wedid!””可知，她們?nèi)〉昧寺?lián)系。故選C。【29題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她們緊張地回答：“我們聞到了！”A.tension緊張；B.excitement激動；C.merriness愉悅；D.ease舒適。根據(jù)下文“Wedid!”以及常識可知，火災(zāi)突然發(fā)生，肯定會感到緊張。故選A。【30題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：不過，值得慶幸的是，一段視頻捕捉到了這一時刻。A.otherwise否則；B.though不過；C.besides此外；D.therefore因此