精讀高考真題（十三）完形填空+導(dǎo)學(xué)案 高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)

精讀高考真題(十四）高考英語(yǔ)真題是英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的寶藏，精讀一篇遠(yuǎn)勝過刷題十篇。相較于教材、日常習(xí)題，高考真題的語(yǔ)料更加新穎、更有針對(duì)性。長(zhǎng)期精讀高考真題有利于增強(qiáng)英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的信心，從而極大提高學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的效率。一、真題再現(xiàn)Simplysayingthankyoudoesn’tseemenoughincertainsituations.Iwasconsideringthiswhileworkingasa__41___

justafewweeksago.Anditcametomethenhowmucheasieritwouldbeifwehadarangeofwordsthatexpressdifferent__42_

ofgratitude(感謝).

Mythoughtsweresoon__43__.Wehadawomanpatientwhowas__44__

fromakneereplacementoperation.Oneafternoon,while__45__

togetintobedshecollapsed(倒下)fromwhatwas

__46__

discoveredtobeaheartattack.Thecollapsewasdisastrous,

__47___

theemergencymedicalteamandgoodteamwork.Butsherecovered,though__48___,andwasreadyfordischarge(出院)afterfourweeks.

Shewas__49___

foreverythingthatthemedicalandnursingteamhaddoneforher.Onherdayofdischarge,wesharedinher__50__

atherrecovery.Asshewas__51__

shewaseagertosay__52___

toeachofusinthenursingteam.Whenshe

__53__

onenurse,shetriedtopressafive-poundnoteintoherhand.Mycolleague___54___

toacceptit,sayingthatwewerealljust__55___

ourjob.Thepatientlookedpuzzled,andthen__56__:“Ohthisisn’tforthe

__57__

Ihad.Itakethatasa

__58__.No,thisisforsettingmyhairyesterday.”

Andthereyouhaveit.Tomanypeople,__59___

livesispartofthejobbutstylinghairisan__60___

andshouldberewarded.

41.A.cleaner

B.chemist

C.nurse

D.doctor42.A.grades

B.meanings

C.needs

D.expectations43.A.brushedaside

B.puttothetest

C.broughtunderdiscussion

D.takenintoaccount44.A.departing

B.escaping

C.retiring

D.recovering45.A.attempting

B.choosing

C.pausing

D.promising46.A.eventually

B.fortunately

C.casually

D.secretly47.A.assessing

B.requiring

C.forming

D.proving48.A.slightly

B.accidentally

C.slowly

D.happily49.A.grateful

B.thoughtful

C.sorrowful

D.fearful50.A.surprise

B.delight

C.curiosity

D.disappointment51.A.operating

B.thinking

C.hesitating

D.leaving52.A.sorry

B.hello

C.goodbye

D.yes53.A.reached

B.consulted

C.introduced

D.persuaded54.A.wished

B.pretended

C.failed

D.refused55.A.enjoying

B.doing

C.securing

D.starting56.A.repeated

B.recited

C.replied

D.reported57.A.courage

B.patience

C.duty

D.care58.A.goal

B.given

C.push

D.greeting

59.A.risking

B.changing

C.saving

D.building60.A.honour

B.ability

C.opening

D.extra（2021年全國(guó)乙卷完形填空）二、語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀：本文的語(yǔ)篇類型是夾敘夾議，主題語(yǔ)境為人與社會(huì)。講述了一位女患者因心臟病住院，恢復(fù)出院之際向一位護(hù)士表達(dá)感激之情，感謝她幫助自己整理頭發(fā)。三、重點(diǎn)單詞（詞性轉(zhuǎn)換詞、熟詞生意詞、超綱詞）和短語(yǔ)1.workas...當(dāng)......，擔(dān)任......工作2.arangeof...一系列......3.graden.程度（熟詞生義）differentgradesof...不同程度的......awomanpatient一位女病人recoverfrom...從......恢復(fù)replacementn.替換，更換（-ment接在動(dòng)詞之后構(gòu)成名詞，表示“結(jié)果”，“動(dòng)作”，“手段”，“狀態(tài)”）akneereplacementoperation膝關(guān)節(jié)置換手術(shù)replacevt.取代，替換，更換getintobed上床睡覺aheartattack心臟病disastrousadj.災(zāi)難性的disastern.災(zāi)難，災(zāi)禍begrateful(to...)for...（向......）對(duì)......表示感激sharein...分享......，分擔(dān)......，參與......recoveryn.康復(fù)，痊愈recoverv.恢復(fù)，復(fù)原beeagertodosth.渴望做某事saygoodbyeto...向......告別noten.紙幣，鈔票（熟詞生義）doone’sjob做本職工作，盡職take...as...把......當(dāng)作......(a)givenn.既定事實(shí)（熟詞生義）take...asagiven把......當(dāng)作應(yīng)得的，認(rèn)為......理所應(yīng)當(dāng)setone’shair做頭發(fā)partof.........的一部分stylehair作發(fā)型brush...aside不理會(huì)，漠視put...tothetest將......付諸實(shí)踐進(jìn)行檢驗(yàn)bring...underdiscussion討論......take...intoaccount考慮到......，把......考慮進(jìn)去departvi.出發(fā)，啟程departuren.出發(fā)，啟程casually

adv.隨便地，漫不經(jīng)心地

casualadj.隨便的，漫不經(jīng)心的

secretlyadv.秘密地secretadj.秘密的assessvt.評(píng)價(jià)，評(píng)估assessmentn.評(píng)價(jià)，評(píng)估accidentallyadv.偶然地，意外地accidentaladj.偶然的，意外的accidentn.偶然，意外thoughtful

adj.沉思的，考慮周詳?shù)?，體貼的thought

n.思考，思想，念頭sorrowful

adj.哀傷的，悲傷的sorrown.悲傷，悲痛fearfuladj.擔(dān)心的，害怕的fearn.害怕，恐懼，擔(dān)憂curiosity

n.好奇心，求知欲curiousadj.好奇的，奇異的disappointmentn.失望，沮傷disappointvt.使失望securevt.保護(hù)，取得，保證（形容詞轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)詞）extran.額外的事物（形容詞轉(zhuǎn)名詞）四、關(guān)鍵結(jié)構(gòu)和長(zhǎng)難句1.Anditcametomethenhowmucheasieritwouldbeifwehadarangeofwordsthatexpressdifferentgrades

ofgratitude.1).句中的it是形式主語(yǔ)，正真的主語(yǔ)是后面howmuch引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句。2).(sth.)cometosb.意為“某人突然意識(shí)到或記起（某事）E.g.Thesolutioncametohiminadream.他在夢(mèng)中想到了這個(gè)解決方案。I’veforgottenhername,butmaybeit’llcometomelater.我忘了她的名字，但稍后可能會(huì)想起來?！癐tcomes/cametosb+主語(yǔ)從句”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“某人想起......”E.g.Itcomestomethathewasmycolleaguebefore.我想起來了,他以前是我同事。ItsuddenlycamebacktomewhereIhadseentheboybefore.我猛然間想起了以前曾在什么地方見到這男孩。Then

it

came

to

me

that

I

must

dream

theinstrument

of

his

death.于是我想到肯定夢(mèng)見了他死亡的器具。3).在howmucheasieritwouldbeifwehadarangeofwords中主句和從句都用了虛擬語(yǔ)氣的形式，而且都表示與現(xiàn)在（當(dāng)時(shí)的事實(shí)或長(zhǎng)久的事實(shí)相反。這時(shí)，非真實(shí)條件句中動(dòng)詞用過去時(shí)；主句中動(dòng)詞用would/should+動(dòng)詞原形。E.g.Iflightcouldofitselfpassroundanobject,therewouldbenoshadows.如果光線能夠自行繞過物體，那就不會(huì)有影子了。Iftransparentbodiesdidnotreflectacertainamountoflight,theywouldbeinvisible.如果透明體不反射一定量的光，那么透明體就是看不見的。4).thatexpressdifferentgrades

ofgratitude是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，that代替先行詞words，在從句中做主語(yǔ)。【參考譯文】然后我想到，如果我們有一系列表達(dá)不同程度感激之情的詞，那會(huì)多么容易啊。Oneafternoon,whileattempting

togetintobedshecollapsedfromwhatwas

eventually

discoveredtobeaheartattack.1).當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)和主句的主語(yǔ)一致時(shí),

可以將從句主語(yǔ)和be

動(dòng)詞簡(jiǎn)化掉。E.g....andyetacoworkingspaceoracoffeeshopprovidesacertainlevelofnoisewhilealsoprovidingfreedomfrominterruptions.......然而，一個(gè)共同工作的空間或咖啡館在提供一定程度的噪音的過程中，也提供了免受干擾的自由。（=...whileitisalsoprovidingfreedom...）Iwasconsideringthiswhileworkingasanurse

justafewweeksago.就在幾個(gè)星期前，我當(dāng)護(hù)士的時(shí)候，我一直在考慮這個(gè)問題。（=IwasconsideringthiswhileIwasworkingas...）Whencompleted,themuseumwillbeopentothepublicnextyear.竣工后，博)物館將于明年對(duì)公眾開放。（=Whenitiscompleted,...）.whatwas

eventually

discoveredtobeaheartattack是介詞from后面的賓語(yǔ)從句，what在從句中作主語(yǔ)。E.g.Amoderncityhasbeensetupinwhatwasawastelandtenyearsago.一個(gè)現(xiàn)代化城市在十年前是荒地的地方建成了?！緟⒖甲g文】一天下午，當(dāng)她試圖上床睡覺時(shí)，暈倒了，原因最終被診斷為心臟病發(fā)作。Butsherecovered,thoughslowly,andwasreadyfordischarge(出院)afterfourweeks.thoughslowly是狀語(yǔ)從句thoughsherecoveredslowly省略了重復(fù)的sherecovered?！緟⒖甲g文】但是她恢復(fù)了，盡管恢復(fù)得慢，并且準(zhǔn)備四周后出院。Shewasgrateful

foreverythingthatthemedicalandnursingteamhaddoneforher.句中thatthemedicalandnursingteamhaddoneforhe是定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是everything。當(dāng)先行詞是all,anything,something,everything,nothing,little,much,none,one時(shí)，人們大都喜歡使用that或省略充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)的that（即零關(guān)系代詞）。E.g.Finally,thethiefhandedeverythingthathehadstolentothepolice.最后，小偷把他偷的所有的東西都交給了警察。Shehaseverything(that)awomancouldwishfor.她擁有女人想獲得的一切?！緟⒖甲g文】她很感激醫(yī)療和護(hù)理小組為她所做的一切。Asshewasleaving

shewaseagertosaygoodbye

toeachofusinthenursingteam.1).Asshewasleaving

是一個(gè)由從屬連詞as引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。2).句中wasleaving

是過去進(jìn)行時(shí)形式表示過去將來。英語(yǔ)中，某些動(dòng)詞，尤其是表示移動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞，如come,go,leave,start等，過去進(jìn)行時(shí)可以表示過去將來（即從過去某個(gè)時(shí)間角度來看將要進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作）。E.g.Themanagerwasconcernedtohearthattwoofhistrustedworkerswereleaving.聽到自己最信任的兩個(gè)職員要離去，經(jīng)理很關(guān)注。Jameshasjustarrived,butIdidn'tknowhewascominguntilyesterday.詹姆斯剛到，但直到昨天我才知道他要來?！緟⒖甲g文】當(dāng)她要離開的時(shí)候，她急切地想和我們護(hù)理小組的每個(gè)人說再見。Mycolleaguerefused

toacceptit,sayingthatwewerealljustdoing

ourjob.句中的sayingthatwewerealljustdoing

ourjob是現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)，表伴隨情況，其邏輯主語(yǔ)就是句子的主語(yǔ)mycolleague。E.g.Tonylentmethemoney,hopingthatI’ddoasmuchforhim.Tony借給我了錢,希望我加倍還他。Doyouwakeupeverymorningfeelingenergeticandreadytostartanewday?句意是：你每天早晨醒來，精力充沛并且準(zhǔn)備好開始新的一天嗎。?！緟⒖甲g文】我的同事拒絕接受，說我們只是在做我們的工作【答案】41-45CABDA

ABCAB

DCADBCDBCD（祁兆國(guó)）【附：學(xué)案】精讀高考真題(十四）高考英語(yǔ)真題是英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的寶藏，精讀一篇遠(yuǎn)勝過刷題十篇。相較于教材、日常習(xí)題，高考真題的語(yǔ)料更加新穎、更有針對(duì)性。長(zhǎng)期精讀高考真題有利于增強(qiáng)英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的信心，從而極大提高學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的效率。一、真題再現(xiàn)Simplysayingthankyoudoesn’tseemenoughincertainsituations.Iwasconsideringthiswhileworkingasa__41___

justafewweeksago.Anditcametomethenhowmucheasieritwouldbeifwehadarangeofwordsthatexpressdifferent__42_

ofgratitude(感謝).

Mythoughtsweresoon__43__.Wehadawomanpatientwhowas__44__

fromakneereplacementoperation.Oneafternoon,while__45__

togetintobedshecollapsed(倒下)fromwhatwas

__46__

discoveredtobeaheartattack.Thecollapsewasdisastrous,

__47___

theemergencymedicalteamandgoodteamwork.Butsherecovered,though__48___,andwasreadyfordischarge(出院)afterfourweeks.

Shewas__49___

foreverythingthatthemedicalandnursingteamhaddoneforher.Onherdayofdischarge,wesharedinher__50__

atherrecovery.Asshewas__51__

shewaseagertosay__52___

toeachofusinthenursingteam.Whenshe

__53__

onenurse,shetriedtopressafive-poundnoteintoherhand.Mycolleague___54___

toacceptit,sayingthatwewerealljust__55___

ourjob.Thepatientlookedpuzzled,andthen__56__:“Ohthisisn’tforthe

__57__

Ihad.Itakethatasa

__58__.No,thisisforsettingmyhairyesterday.”

Andthereyouhaveit.Tomanypeople,__59___

livesispartofthejobbutstylinghairisan__60___

andshouldberewarded.

41.A.cleaner

B.chemist

C.nurse

D.doctor42.A.grades

B.meanings

C.needs

D.expectations43.A.brushedaside

B.puttothetest

C.broughtunderdiscussion

D.takenintoaccount44.A.departing

B.escaping

C.retiring

D.recovering45.A.attempting

B.choosing

C.pausing

D.promising46.A.eventually

B.fortunately

C.casually

D.secretly47.A.assessing

B.requiring

C.forming

D.proving48.A.slightly

B.accidentally

C.slowly

D.happily49.A.grateful

B.thoughtful

C.sorrowful

D.fearful50.A.surprise

B.delight

C.curiosity

D.disappointment51.A.operating

B.thinking

C.hesitating

D.leaving52.A.sorry

B.hello

C.goodbye

D.yes53.A.reached

B.consulted

C.introduced

D.persuaded54.A.wished

B.pretended

C.failed

D.refused55.A.enjoying

B.doing

C.securing

D.starting56.A.repeated

B.recited

C.replied

D.reported57.A.courage

B.patience

C.duty

D.care58.A.goal

B.given

C.push

D.greeting

59.A.risking

B.changing

C.saving

D.building60.A.honour

B.ability

C.opening

D.extra（2021年全國(guó)乙卷完形填空）二、語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀：本文的語(yǔ)篇類型是__________，主題語(yǔ)境為_______。講述了_____________________________________________________________。三、重點(diǎn)單詞（詞性轉(zhuǎn)換詞、熟詞生意詞、超綱詞）和短語(yǔ)1.workas...2.arangeof...3.graden.differentgradesof...awomanpatientrecoverfrom...replacementn.akneereplacementoperationreplacevt.getintobedaheartattackdisastrousadj.disastern.begrateful(to...)for...11.sharein...12.recoveryn.recoverv.beeagertodosth.saygoodbyeto...noten.doone’sjobtake...as...(a)givenn.take...asagivensetone’shairpartof...stylehairbrush...asideput...tothetestbring...underdiscussiontake...intoaccountdepartvi.departuren.casually

adv.

casualadj.

secretlyadv.secretadj.assessvt.assessmentn.accidentallyadv.accidentaladj.accidentn.thoughtful

adj.thought

n.sorrowful

adj.sorrown.fearfuladj.fearn.curiosity

n.curiousadj.disappointmentn.disappointvt.securevt.extran.四、關(guān)鍵結(jié)構(gòu)和長(zhǎng)難句1.Anditcametomethenhowmucheasieritwouldbeifwehadarangeofwordsthatexpressdifferentgrades

ofgratitude.1).句中的it是________，_________是后面howmuch引導(dǎo)的____________。2).(sth.)cometosb.意為___________________________E.g.Thesolution__________________inadream.他在夢(mèng)中想到了這個(gè)解決方案。I’veforgottenhername,butmaybeit’ll________________later.我忘了她的名字，但稍后可能會(huì)想起來?！癐tcomes/cametosb+主語(yǔ)從句”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示_______________E.g._______________________hewasmycolleaguebefore.我想起來了,他以前是我同事。___________________________Ihadseentheboybefore.我猛然間想起了以前曾在什么地方見到這男孩。Then

____________________I

must

dream

theinstrument

of

his

death.于是我想到肯定夢(mèng)見了他死亡的器具。3).在howmucheasieritwouldbeifwehadarangeofwords中主句和從句都用了虛擬語(yǔ)氣的形式，而且都表示與__________________________相反。這時(shí)，非真實(shí)條件句中動(dòng)詞用_______________；主句中動(dòng)詞用__________________________。E.g.Iflight_________ofitself__________roundanobject,there____________noshadows.如果光線能夠自行繞過物體，那就不會(huì)有影子了。Iftransparentbodies____________________acertainamountoflight,they_______________invisible.如果透明體不反射一定量的光，那么透明體就是看不見的。4).thatexpressdifferentgrades

ofgratitude是一個(gè)_______________，that代替______________words，在從句中做_________語(yǔ)?！咀g文】______________________________________________________。Oneafternoon,whileattempting

togetintobedshecollapsedfromwhatwas

eventually

discoveredtobeaheartattack.1).當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)和主句的主語(yǔ)____________時(shí),

可以將從句________和__________簡(jiǎn)化掉。E.g....andyetacoworkingspaceoracoffeeshopprovidesacertainlevelofnoise_____________also___________freedomfrominterruptions.......然而，一個(gè)共同工作的空間或咖啡館在提供一定程度的噪音的過程中，也提供了免受干擾的自由。（=...____________also_______________freedom...）Iwasconsideringthis______________asanurse

justafewweeksago.就在幾個(gè)星期前，我當(dāng)護(hù)士的時(shí)候，我一直在考慮這個(gè)問題。（=Iwasconsideringthis________________as...）___________________,themuseumwillbeopentothepublicnextyear.竣工后，博)物館將于明年對(duì)公眾開放。（=____________________,...）.whatwas

eventually

discoveredtobeaheartattack是介詞from后面的賓語(yǔ)從句__________，what在從句中作_______語(yǔ)。E.g.Amoderncityhasbeensetupin_________wasawastelandtenyearsago.一個(gè)現(xiàn)代化城市在十年前是荒地的地方建成了?！咀g文】_____________________________________________________。Butsherecovered,thoughslowly,andwasreadyf