2020年10月自考00832英語(yǔ)詞匯學(xué)試題及答案含解析

英語(yǔ)詞匯學(xué)年月真題

00832202010

1、【單選題】WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutsoundandmeaning?

Therelationshipbetweenthemisconventional.

Thesymbolicconnectionbetweenthemisalmostalwaysarbitrary.

A:

Indifferentlanguagesthesameconceptcanberepresentedbythesamesounds.

B:

Thereisnologicalrelationshipbetweenthesoundwhichstandsforathing

C:

oranideaandtheactualthingandideaitself.

D:

答案：C

2、【單選題】Theverbtake,whichbelongstothebasicwordstock,maymean:to

carryfromoneplacetoanother;togetforoneself;tobewillingtoaccept,etc.

Thisexampleshowsbasicwordstockischaracterizedby______.

stability

productivity

A:

polysemy

B:

collocability

C:

答D:案：C

3、【單選題】TheEnglishexpressionlongtimenoseeisfromtheChinese

expression好久不見(jiàn),soitcanbeclassifiedinto______accordingtothemannerof

borrowing.

denizens

aliens

A:

semantic-loans

B:

translation-loans

C:

答D:案：D

4、【單選題】AftertheRomans,theGermanictribescalledAngles,Saxons,and

JutescameanddominatedEngland.NowpeoplegenerallyrefertoAnglo-Saxon

as______English.

Old

New

A:

Middle

B:

Modern

C:

D:

答案：A

解析：考查英語(yǔ)發(fā)展的知識(shí)。最早的Anglo-Saxon人的語(yǔ)言被稱(chēng)作古英語(yǔ)。

5、【單選題】WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

OldEnglishwasahighlyinflectedlanguage.

EnglishismorecloselyrelatedtoGermanthanFrench.

A:

ModernEnglishisconsideredtobeananalyticlanguage.

B:

InearlyMiddleEnglishperiod,English,Latin,andCelticexistedsidebyside.

C:

答D:案：D

6、【單選題】Therearesuchnewwordsasopenheartsurgery,andspaceshuttle

inModernEnglish.Thesewordsshow______.

theinvasionofforeigncountries

social,economicandpoliticalchanges

A:

theinfluenceofotherculturesandlanguages

B:

therapiddevelopmentofmodernscienceandtechnology

C:

答D:案：D

7、【單選題】Whichofthefollowingwordsistheexampleoffreemorphemes?

cars

virus

A:

teacher

B:

happier

C:

答D:案：B

8、【單選題】ThebasicformofawordwhichCANNOTbefurtheranalyzedwithout

totallossofidentityisa______.

prefix

suffix

A:

root

B:

boundmorpheme

C:

答D:案：C

解析：英語(yǔ)詞匯構(gòu)成由詞根、詞干和詞綴構(gòu)成，詞根是不能再分的有意義的構(gòu)詞成分。

9、【單選題】Thereis/are______monomorphemicword(s)inthefollowingwords:

desire,bossy,bird,feet,southward.

1

2

A:

3

B:

4

C:

答D:案：B

解析：本題要求判斷在詞干中所給五個(gè)單詞中只有一個(gè)詞素的單詞有幾個(gè)，cats,geese,

和tried都有兩個(gè)詞素，boss和work是單詞素單詞，因此，B選項(xiàng)是本題的正確答案。

10、【單選題】Whichofthefollowingwordshasaprefixofattitude?

misconduct

unwrap

A:

anti-nuclear

B:

mini-election

C:

答D:案：C

11、【單選題】Examinationhasgivenwaytoitsshortenedformexam.Thisisthe

exampleof______inwordformation.

clipping

acronymy

A:

compounding

B:

conversion

C:

答D:案：A

12、【單選題】Thefollowingsuffixescomeattheendofnounstemstoform

abstractnounsEXCEPT______.

-dom

-age

A:

-ship

B:

-eer

C:

答D:案：D

13、【單選題】Inwordmeaning,therelationshipbetweenlanguageandtheworld

is______bymeansofwhich,aspeakerindicateswhichthingsintheworldarebeing

talkedabout.

reference

concept

A:

sense

B:

motivation

C:

答D:案：A

14、【單選題】InmodernEnglishsomewordswerecreatedbyimitatingthenatural

soundsornoises,andthesoundssuggesttheirmeanings,likehiss,cuckoo,and

buzz.Thesewordsare______motivated.

onomatopoeically

morphologically

A:

semantically

B:

etymologically

C:

答D:案：A

解析：onomatopoeicmotivation(聲音理?yè)?jù)）就是指有些詞所帶有的聲音和它的意義直

接相關(guān)聯(lián)。morphologicalmotivation(詞素理?yè)?jù))是指詞語(yǔ)的意義取決于它的每個(gè)詞素的

意義。semanticmotivation（語(yǔ)義理?yè)?jù)）指一個(gè)詞的概念意義在頭腦中產(chǎn)生的意義聯(lián)想。

etymologicalmotivation（詞源理?yè)?jù)）指的是詞語(yǔ)的意義直接與詞的來(lái)源有關(guān)系。題干

中給的提示時(shí)模仿聲音產(chǎn)生了這些詞的含義，因此，答案是A選項(xiàng)。

15、【單選題】Mother,denotinga"femaleparent",isoftenassociatedwith

"love","care",etc.Thisexampleshowsthatwordshave______meaning.

affective

stylistic

A:

connotative

B:

collocative

C:

答D:案：C

解析：在這個(gè)句子里，mother是內(nèi)涵意思，并不是表面的母親的意思，而是代表了愛(ài)，寬

容與關(guān)心。

16、【單選題】Thewordsright,writeandriteare______.

homophones

homographs

A:

perfecthomonyms

B:

perfectsynonyms

C:

D:

答案：A

解析：right和write是同音異形異義詞。

17、【單選題】Whichofthefollowingpairsofsynonymscomesfromthesourceof

figurativeandeuphemisticuseofwords?

help—lendoneahand

wise—sage

A:

lie—distortthefact

B:

job—gig

C:

答D:案：C

18、【單選題】Thefollowingwordsmakeupthesemanticfieldoffruits

EXCEPT______.

apricot

celery

A:

date

B:

avocado

C:

答D:案：B

19、【單選題】Somephrasescontainingmaterialnounsareshortenedandonlythe

materialnounsarelefttorefertoobjectsmadeofthem,forexamplesilvernow

usedfor"silverdollar".Thisisaprocessof______ofmeaning.

generalization

specialization

A:

elevation

B:

degradation

C:

答D:案：B

20、【單選題】Whichofthefollowingshowsdegradationofwordmeaning?

meatmeaningfrom"food"to"fleshofanimals"

angelmeaningfrom"messenger"to"messengerofGod"

A:

butchermeaningfrom"onewhokillsgoats"to"onewhokillsanimals"

B:

villainmeaningfrom"apersonwhoworkedinavilla""anevilorwickedperson"

C:

答D:案：D

21、【單選題】Whichofthefollowingshowsthattheinfluxofborrowingshas

causedsomewordstochangeinmeaning?

Bulbisusedfor"lightbulb".

Themeaningofthewordfortuitouschangedfrom"accidental"to"fortunate".

A:

ThewordpigisusedforliveanimalswhileporkfromFrenchisusedfor

B:

pigskilledandbroughttothetable.

C:

Wordslikedemocracy,humanrights,revolutionhavedifferentmeanings

indifferentsocieties.

D:

答案：C

22、【單選題】ThefollowingfactorsmayleadtoambiguityEXCEPT______.

polysemy

homonymy

A:

grammaticalstructure

B:

wordclass

C:

答D:案：D

23、【單選題】Thewordpapermeansdifferentlyinthephrasesasheetofpaper

andtoday'spaper,whichshowsthat______contextaffectsthemeaningofwords.

non-linguistic

grammatical

A:

lexical

B:

social

C:

答D:案：C

24、【單選題】WhatcontextclueisusedinthesentenceCopernicusbelievedin

aheliocentricuniverse,ratherthaninthegeocentrictheory?

Sentencepattern.

Wordstructure.

A:

Antonymy.

B:

Hyponymy.

C:

答D:案：B

25、【單選題】Theexpressioninquestionmeaning"beingconsidered"CANNOTbe

turnedintointhequestion.Thisexampleindicates______.

theconstituentsofidiomscannotbereplaced

thewordordercannotbeinvertedorchanged

A:

thevariouswordsthatmakeuptheidiomshavelosttheirindividualidentity

B:

C:

theconstituentsofanidiomcannotbedeletedoraddedto,notevenanarticle

答D:案：D

26、【單選題】Whichofthefollowingisanidiomadjectivalinnature?

Jackofalltrades

beyondthepale

A:

followone'snose

B:

makeit

C:

答D:案：B

27、【單選題】AlliterationisusedinthefollowingidiomsEXCEPT______.

wearandtear

mightandmain

A:

roughandready

B:

tossandturn

C:

答D:案：A

28、【單選題】Onecanfindthedefinitionoftheheadwordwindandadditional

knowledgeaboutwindssuchastypesandnamesofwinds,theirvelocity,force,etc.

ina(n)______dictionary.

linguistic

encyclopedic

A:

unabridged

B:

pocket

C:

答D:案：B

29、【單選題】Themainbodyofadictionaryisits______ofwords.

spellings

pronunciations

A:

definitions

B:

usages

C:

答D:案：C

解析：本題考查第十章詞典的內(nèi)容概念的理解，詞典主要有spelling，

pronunciationdefinition,usage,grammar,usagenotesandlanguagenotes,

etymologicalinformation,supplementarymatter.需要考生對(duì)這些包含內(nèi)容的概念有相

應(yīng)了解。題目是對(duì)definition定義的考查。因此選C

30、【單選題】Thedefinitionofaideis"Anaideispersonwhoworksasan

assistanttosomeonewithanimportantjob,especiallyingovernmentorarmed

forces".Suchadefinitionismostlikelytobefoundin______.

LongmanDictionaryofContemporaryEnglish(1987)

CollinsCOBUILDEnglishLanguageDictionary(1987)

A:

AChinese-EnglishDictionary(1995)

B:

OxfordDictionaryofCurrentIdiomaticEnglish(1975)

C:

答D:案：B

31、【問(wèn)答題】Whatisafreemorpheme?

答案：Morphemeswhichareindependentofothermorphemesareconsideredtobe

free.Thesemorphemeshavecompletemeaningsinthemselvesandcanbeusedas

freegrammaticalunitsinsentences.

32、【問(wèn)答題】Formcompoundsbyusingthefollowingelements(eachonecanbe

usedonlyonce):cry-;sit-;law-;out-;bitter--in;-sweet;-break;-baby;-

abiding

答案：1)crybaby;2)sit-in;3)law-abiding;4)outbreak;5)bitter-sweet

33、【問(wèn)答題】Whatisradiationinthesenseofdevelopmentofword-meaning?

答案：Radiationisasemanticprocessinwhichtheprimarymeaningstandsat

thecenterandthesecondarymeaningsproceedoutofitineverydirection

likerays.Themeaningsareindependentofoneanother.

34、【問(wèn)答題】ExplainwhatleadstoambiguityinthesentenceHeisahard

businessman.

答案：Thewordhardinthiscontextcanmeanboth“hardworking^and

"difficult”Thecontextfailstonarrowdownthemeaningsothatitis

difficultforthereadertodecidewhatexactlythespeakermeans.Whenaword

withmultiplemeaningsisusedininadequatecontext,itcreatesambiguity.

35、【問(wèn)答題】Whatisstylisticmeaningofword?Usedomicile,residence,abode,

andhometoillustratethestylisticdifferenceofsynonyms.

答案：Apartfromtheirconceptualmeanings,manywordshavestylistic

features,whichmakethemappropriatefordifferentcontexts.Thesedistinctive

featuresformthestylisticmeaningsofwords.Insomedictionaries,these

stylisticfeaturesareclearlymarkedas“formal”,“informal”,“l(fā)iterary”,

“archaic”,“slang”andsoon.Thisstylisticdifferenceisespeciallytrue

ofsynonyms.Itisobservedthattherearefewwordswhichhaveboththesame

conceptualmeaningandthestylisticmeaning.Domicileis“veryformal”or

“official”，residence“formal”，abode“poetic”，andhome“general”

36、【問(wèn)答題】Commentonthecharacteristicsofantonymsbyillustratingthe

followingpairofsentences.(1)Howtallishisbrother?(2)Howshortishis

brother?

答案：Antonymsdifferinsemanticinclusion.Pairsofantonymsareseenas

markedandunmarkedtermsrespectively.Inmanypairswefindthatonemember

ismorespecificthantheotherandthemeaningofthespecificisincludedin

thatofthegeneral.Taketall/shortforexample.Shortismorerestrictedin

usethantall.Sofarasthemeaningisconcerned,sentence(1)includesthe

meaningofsentence(2).Theuseoftalldoesn'texcludethepossibilityofhis

brotherbeingveryshort.Butsentence(2)ismuchmorerestrictedinsenseand

isconsideredsemanticallyabnormalunlessthespeakerisparticularly

interestedintheshortnessofhisbrotherorcuriousenoughtofindouthow

shorthisbrotheris.

37、【填空題】Awordisaminimalfreeformofalanguagethathasagiven______

andmeaningandsyntacticfunction.

答案：sound

38、【填空題】ModernEnglishvocabularydevelopsthroughthreechannels:

creation,semanticchange,and______.

答案：borrowing

39、【填空題】Thesmallestfunctioningunitinthecompositionofwordsis______.

答案：morpheme

40、【填空題】Ipromisedtobabysitformyneighborthisweekend.Inthesense

ofwordformation,theunderlinedwordbabysitisformedby______.

答案：back-formation

41、【填空題】Semanticmotivationreferstothe______associationssuggestedby

theconceptualmeaningofaword.

答案：mental

42、【填空題】Hyponymydealswiththerelationshipofsemanticinclusion.Take

flowerandroseasanexample.Floweristhe______termwhileroseisthe

subordinateterm.

答案：superordinate

43、【填空題】Barn