山東省德州市2022-2023學(xué)年高一年級上冊期末考試英語 含解析

高一英語試題

注意事項：

1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。

2.選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮

擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號框。

3.全部答案在答題卡上完成，答在試卷上無效。

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂

到答題卡上。

第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題L5分，滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選

項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅

讀一遍。

1.WhatistherelationshipbetweenJimandBob?

A.Twins.B.Workmates.C.Neighbors.

2.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?

A.Howtodosometutoring.

B.Howtopayforschoolfees.

C.Howtoapplyforanewjob.

3.Whendoesthe"FamilyWelcome^^eventstart?

A.At5:00.B.At10:00.C.At10:30.

4.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?

A.Inahospital.B.Inthelibrary.C.Attheman'shome.

5.WhatcanweknowaboutShelly?

A.Sheenviestheman.B.Sheisgettingsick.C.Shehateseatingout.

第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）

聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項

中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完

后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。

聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.Whichturnshouldthemantake?

A.Thefirstontheleft.B.Thefirstontheright.C.Thesecondontheleft.

7.Howwillthemangettothecinema?

AOnfoot.B.Bybus.C.Bybike.

聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。

8.Whatisthemanmostprobably?

A.Ateacher.B.Astudent.C.Asinger.

9.Whatdoesthemanworryabout?

AHehastomeetnewpeople.

B.Herarelygivesperformances.

C.Hecan'tplaytheguitarwell.

10.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?

A.Jointheband.B.Attendaparty.C.Practicesinging.

聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。

11.Howlongdidthewomanspendonvacation?

AThreedays.B.Oneweek.C.Threeweeks.

12.Whichisthewoman'slaststopforhervacation?

ATokyo.B.Perth.C.Singapore.

13.Whatisthewomanprobablygoingtotalkaboutnext?

A.Hernewfriend.B.Atourplan.C.Australiantourists.

聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。

14.Whatdidthemandoin1959?

A.Leftschool.B.Wroteanovel.C.MovedtoIndonesia.

15.Whendidthemanstarttomakedocumentaries（名己錄片）？

A.In1960.B.Inl973.C.Inl978.

16.Whichistheman'ssecondnovel?

A.RagDoll.B.TheColdEarth.C.EasternMoon.

聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。

17.Whatshouldlistenersdoontheexamdays?

A.Deliveralecture.B.Takemake-upexams.C.Cometoclassontime.

18.Howmanyweeksdoesatermhave?

A15.B.16.C.20.

19.Whatareequallyimportantinthegradingprocedure（程序）？

A.Examsandquizzes.B.Examsandhomework.C.Quizzesandhomework.

20.Whatmaystudentsdointhelaboratorysessions?

A.Testthemselves.B.Discusswiththeteacher.C.Doplentyofreadings.

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。

A

Parishasafantasticcollectionofcafes,whetheryouneedacozyspotoracupofcoffee.Herearesomeof

thebestplacesIdiscoveredwhenIwassenttothebranchinParistocoveranevent.

GroundstateCafe

Sittingintheheartofthecity,GroundstateCafeisalwaysrecommendedbynewsreporters.Youcaneasily

enjoyacarefreedaywithabookandacupofcoffee.Groundstateisapopularspotforartistsbecauseofthe

ancientpaintingscollectedbytheshopowner.Thewaitersarealwaysreadytohelpyou.

LeProcope

Locatedonadowntownstreet,LeProcopeisfamousforitsenthusiasticserviceanddelicioussnacks.Office

workersalwayschatwiththeirfriendsandhavefunwiththeircolleagues.Ybucanenjoythefreshairand

sunshinebecausetheyonlyhaveseatsoutdoors.Asaresult,theowneronlyrunstheshopduringthewarm

seasons.

CoutumeCafe

Situatedinthecitycentre,CoutumeCafeispopularamongbusinessmentomeettheirclients.Thecafe

promotesalifeofluxurywithfantasticdecorationandcomfortablechairs.Waiterswhoarehighlyeducatedand

elegantcanhelpvisitorschoosetherighttypeofcoffee.

Motors

Thisrecently-openedcoffeeshopislocatedinthecountryside.Theyselldeliciouslocaldesserts.The

waitressestherearehelpfulandfriendly.Someofthemarecollegestudentswhotakepart-timejobsduring

weekends.Itisalsoaperfectshoppingmarketforpeopletobuysomecoffeeproductsandtastesomelocal

delicacies.IamsurethatIwillbringsomeproductstomycolleagueswhenIreturn.

1.Whichplaceappealstoartlovers?

A.GroundstateCafe.B.LeProcope.

C.CoutumeCafe.D.Motors.

2.WhatdoLeProcopeandMotorshaveincommon?

A.Theyhavealonghistory.B.Theyarelocateddowntown.

C.Theybothoffernicesnacks.D.Theyareopenallyearround.

3.Whatdoesthewriterprobablydo?

AAfamouscook.B.AFrenchartist.

C.Anewsreporter.D.AwaitressinCafe.

【答案】l.A2.C3.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了在巴黎很棒的幾所咖啡店。

（1題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段uGroundstateisapopularspotforartistsbecauseoftheancientpaintingscollected

bytheshopowner.v（Groundstate是藝術(shù)家們的熱門景點，因為店主收藏了古畫。）可知，吸引藝術(shù)愛好

者的地方是GroundstateCafeo故選A項。

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段uLocatedonadowntownstreet,LeProcopeisfamousforitsenthusiasticserviceand

delicioussnacks."（LeProcope位于市中心的一條街道上，以其熱情的服務(wù)和美味的小吃而聞名。）以及

第五段“Itisalsoaperfectshoppingmarketforpeopletobuysomecoffeeproductsandtastesomelocal

delicacies."（這里也是一個完美的購物市場，人們可以購買一些咖啡產(chǎn)品并且品嘗一些當(dāng)?shù)孛朗场＃┛?/p>

知，LeProcope和Motors的共同點是它們都會提供一些當(dāng)?shù)氐男〕?。故選C項。

3題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“HerearesomeofthebestplacesIdiscoveredwhenIwassenttothebranchinParis

tocoveranevent."（以下是我被派往巴黎分行報道一場活動時發(fā)現(xiàn)的一些最好的地方。）可知，作者需要

去報道一場活動，推斷出他是一名新聞記者。故選C項。

B

OnOct.24,2018photo,amaleredsiskinbiidisrestingonabranchinVirgas,Wnezuela.Thebirdiscalled

“LittleCardinal“bythelocalsandappearsonthemoneyof\fenezuela,onproductsandeveninschoolbooks.But

recently,thesmallsongbirdsaredisappearingfromthewild.

Onceflourishinginthemillions,asfewas300remaininthewildinXbnezuela.Themalesiskinisvaluedfor

itsredfeathersandblackhead.Hunters,eventhelocalfarmers,oftencatchandsellthebirdsformoney.

ProtectionunderX^nezuelanlawhasnotstoppedhuntersfromcatchingthebirdstosellonanillegalinternational

market.Meanwhile,moreandmoreforestsai,ebeingcutdowntoplantcashcrops.

Thatthreathasbroughtattentionfromaninternationalteam.Theteamincludesscientistsfromthe

SmithsonianInstitutioninWashingtonD.C.andcoffeefarmersinXfenezuela'smountains.Theyhopetosavethe

birdwiththehelpofthefarmers.Aneffectiveplanhasbeenmadetohavefarmersplantorganiccoffeeplants.

Suchcoffeeplantsarecoveredwithbrancheswhichmakegoodnestingplacesforthebirds.

Plantingorganiccoffeecropswithbranchesstopsfarmersfromincreasingproductionbythinningtheir

coffeecropstoletmoresunontotheirfields.Farmerswhomeettheproject9sruleswillwintherighttoselltheir

beanswith“BirdFriendlylabels.Theywillbeabletosetpricesforsuch"highquality^^productsthatcanbefive

timeshigherthanlegalpricessetbythegovernment.

Atthesametime,aredsiskinbreedingcenterisbeingbuiltataprivatezooin\fenezuelawhere200birdsare

expectedtobebornnextyear.Thisnumberwillbeaddedtothe25siskinsattheSmithsonianInstitution.Red

siskinsfromthecenterwillbeplacedinthecoffeeforests.Theseeffortscouldpreventthebirdsfrom

disappearing.

Therearereportsofearlysuccess.About40farmersinthemountainsofCarayaca,northwestofthecapital

Caracas,havestoppedcuttingdowntrees,amovethatwillhelpthesiskintogetawayfromthedangerous

situation.

4.WhatdoweknowaboutthesiskinfromparagraphI?

A.Itsbenefitsforlocaleducation.B.Itswidepopularityinthepast.

C.Itsbeautifulgestureonbranches.D.Itsgreatvaluefortheenvironment.

5.Whatcausedthedeclineinthebird'snumber?

A.Lackoflawsfromthegovernment.B.Illegaltradeformakinghighprofits.

C.Beinghuntedforthedeliciousmeat.D.Plantingcashcropsforenoughfood.

6.Whydoestheteamhavefarmersplantorganiccoffeeplants?

A.Toletmoresunontothefarmers'fields.B.Toimprovethequalityofthecashcrops.

C.Toofferbranchestothebreedingcenter.D.Tocreateenoughnestingplacesforthebird.

7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

AThevalueoftheendangeredredsiskin.B.Thereasonsfortheredsiskin'sdisappearing.

C.Theprofitsthefarmersgetfromcoffeeplants.D.Theeffortstheteammadetosavetheredsiskin.

【答案】4.B5.B6.D7.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了委內(nèi)瑞拉一種叫做松黃雀的鳥瀕臨滅絕，科學(xué)家團(tuán)隊聯(lián)合當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)

民采取一系列措施保護(hù)這種瀕危的鳥類。

【4題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段"Thebirdiscalled"LittleCardinal''bythelocalsandappearsonthemoneyof

\bnezuela,onproductsandeveninschoolbooks."（這種鳥被當(dāng)?shù)厝朔Q為“小紅衣主教”，出現(xiàn)在委內(nèi)瑞

拉的鈔票上、產(chǎn)品上，甚至出現(xiàn)在學(xué)校的課本上。）可知，這種鳥的形象曾出現(xiàn)在委內(nèi)瑞拉人的日常生活

中，推斷出松黃雀在過去很受歡迎。故選B項。

【5題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Themalesiskinisvaluedforitsredfeathersandblackhead.Hunters,eventhelocal

farmers,oftencatchandsellthebirdsformoney.ProtectionunderXtenezuelanlawhasnotstoppedhuntersfrom

catchingthebirdstosellonanillegalinternationalmarket.w（雄性松黃雀因其紅色的羽毛和黑色的頭部而受

到重視。獵人，甚至是當(dāng)?shù)氐霓r(nóng)民，經(jīng)常捕捉并出售這些鳥來賺錢。委內(nèi)瑞拉法律的保護(hù)并沒有阻止獵

人捕捉這些鳥在非法國際市場上出售。）可知，松黃雀數(shù)量的下降是因為獵人們?yōu)榱烁哳~利益而進(jìn)行的非

法交易。故選B項。

【6題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段"Aneffectiveplanhasbeenmadetohavefarmersplantorganiccoffeeplants.Such

coffeeplantsarecoveredwithbrancheswhichmakegoodnestingplacesforthebirds."（已經(jīng)制定了——項讓農(nóng)

民種植有機(jī)咖啡的有效計劃。這種咖啡植物上長滿了樹枝，這是鳥類很好的筑巢地。）可知，團(tuán)隊讓農(nóng)民

種植有機(jī)咖啡植物是為鳥創(chuàng)造足夠的筑巢場所。故選D項。

【7題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段"Aneffectiveplanhasbeenmadetohavefarmersplantorganiccoffeeplants.（已

經(jīng)制定了一項讓農(nóng)民種植有機(jī)咖啡的有效計劃。）及第五段“Atthesametime,aredsiskinbreedingcenteris

beingbuiltataprivatezooin\fenezuelawhere200birdsareexpectedtobebornnextyear.Thisnumberwillbe

addedtothe25siskinsattheSmithsonianInstitution.Redsiskinsfromthecenterwillbeplacedinthecoffee

forests.Theseeffortscouldpreventthebirdsfromdisappearing.,,（與此同時，委內(nèi)瑞拉一家私人動物園正在

建造一個松黃雀繁殖中心，預(yù)計明年將有200只鳥在那里出生。這個數(shù)字將被添加到史密森學(xué)會的25個

松黃雀中。來自中心的松黃雀將被放置在咖啡林中。這些努力可以防止這些鳥消失。）可知，這些都是團(tuán)

隊為拯救松黃雀所做的努力。故選D項。

C

IsitlikelythatapersonwhooriginallyhasnolanguageabilityischeerfullydiscussingtheWorldCupwith

you?Theanswerisyes.

InapaperpublishedinNatureCommunicationsonNovember8,2022,researchershavesuccessfullychanged

thebrainwavesofanaphasic（失語癥）paralyzedpersonintosentences,whicharedisplayedonthecomputerscreen

andcantcsay^^thousandsofwords,asisintended.

Thisparticipantis30yearsold.Adecadeagohewasaphasicduetostroke,hisarmsandlegsunabletomove.

Hedependedonapolepinnedonthebaseballcaptoclickthelettersonthescreentocommunicatewithpeople.It's

quiteinconvenient.

LastyearresearchersfromtheUniversityofCaliforniausedthelatesttechnologytoimplant（植入）adevice

intothespeechmotorareaofhisbrainandconnectitwithaneural（神經(jīng)的）instrumenttomonitorbrainwave

patternswhenheexpresseddifferentwords.Theyusedcomputerprogramstobuildalanguagemodelwitha

vocabularyof50wordsforhim.Whenheusedthesewordsto“speak“inhismind,hisbrainwavemovementwas

turnedintocompletesentencesandshownonthescreen.Formonthstheteamrecordedhisneuralactivitywhenhe

“spoke”,usedAItoidentifyvariouspatternsandlinkedthemtothewords.Oncearesearcheraskedonthescreen,

“Doyouwantsomewater?”Andheanswered,"No.I'mnotthirsty.”

“Thespellingspeedofthedevicereaches29.4charactersperminute.Thecharactererrorrateisonly6.13%.

Theofflinetestresultsshowitcanbeexpandedtoalargevocabularycontaining9000words,maintainingalow

charactererrorrate-8.23%,nsaidSeanMetzger,theleadauthorofthepaper."Aphasicpeopleliketousethisdevice

asitmakescommunicationconvenient.Anythingispossible.^^

Moreaphasicpeopleareneededtoparticipateinthetest,whichisstillalongwayfrompromotion.Experts

warnalthoughthestudyresultsareimpressive,electrodeimplantationisrisky.

8.Whatisthepurposeoftheresearch?

A.Toassistaphasicpatientstotalk.B.Tobetterpeople'scommunication.

C.Tocurethoseincapableofspeaking.D.Toimprovepatients'languageskills.

9.Whatdoesparagraph4focuson?

A.Thepracticalapplicationofthefindings.B.Adisadvantageofthelanguagemodel.

C.Theworkingprocessoftheimplanteddevice.D.Asupportingevidencefortheresearchresults.

10.WhatcanbeinferredfromSeanMetzger'swords?

A.Thedevicemayhaveapromisingfuture

B.Thedevicecandoanythingforaphasicgroup.

C.Furtherresearchwillcentreonavoidingerrors.

D.Furtherresearchwillfacemanynewchallenges.

11.Whichwordbestdescribestheauthor'sattitudetothedevice?

A.Doubtful.B.Positive.C.Indifferent.D.Objective.

【答案】8.A9.C10.A11.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了一項研究，研究人員成功地將失語癥癱瘓者的腦電波轉(zhuǎn)換成句子,

這些句子顯示在電腦屏幕上，可以像預(yù)期的那樣“說出”數(shù)千個單詞。

【8題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二自然段"InapaperpublishedinNatureCommunicationsonNovember8,2022,

researchershavesuccessfullychangedthebrainwavesofanaphasic（失語癥）paralyzedpersonintosentences,

whicharedisplayedonthecomputerscreenandcan"say"thousandsofwords,asisintended.（在2022年11月8

日發(fā)表在《自然通訊》上的一篇論文中，研究人員成功地將失語癥癱瘓者的腦電波轉(zhuǎn)換成句子，這些句

子顯示在電腦屏幕上，可以像預(yù)期的那樣“說出”數(shù)千個單詞。）”可知，該研究的目的是幫助失語癥患

者說話。故選A。

【9題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四自然段"LastyearresearchersfromtheUniversityofCaliforniausedthelatest

technologytoimplant（植入）adeviceintothespeechmotorareaofhisbrainandconnectitwithaneural（神經(jīng)

的）instrumenttomonitorbrainwavepatternswhenheexpresseddifferentwords.Theyusedcomputerprograms

tobuildalanguagemodelwithavocabularyof50wordsforhim.Whenheusedthesewordsto“speak“inhis

mind,hisbrainwavemovementwasturnedintocompletesentencesandshownonthescreen.Formonthsthe

teamrecordedhisneuralactivitywhenhe"spoke"，usedAItoidentifyvariouspatternsandlinkedthemtothe

words.（去年，加州大學(xué)的研究人員使用最新技術(shù)將一種設(shè)備植入他的大腦言語運動區(qū)域，并將其與神經(jīng)

儀器連接，以監(jiān)測他表達(dá)不同單詞時的腦電波模式。他們使用計算機(jī)程序為他建立了一個詞匯為50個單

詞的語言模型。當(dāng)他用這些詞在腦海中“說話”時，他的腦電波運動被轉(zhuǎn)化為完整的句子并顯示在屏幕上。

幾個月來，該團(tuán)隊記錄了他“說話”時的神經(jīng)活動，使用人工智能識別各種模式，并將其與單詞聯(lián)系起

來。）”可知，第4段重點介紹了植入裝置的工作過程。故選C。

【10題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段"Aphasicpeopleliketousethisdeviceasitmakescommunicationconvenient.

Anythingispossible.（失語癥患者喜歡使用這種設(shè)備，因為它可以方便溝通。任何事情都有可能。）”可

知，從SeanMetzger的話中可以推斷出，該設(shè)備可能有一個充滿希望的未來。故選A。

[11題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段uMoreaphasicpeopleareneededtoparticipateinthetest,whichisstillalongway

frompromotion.Expertswarnalthoughthestudyresultsareimpressive,electrodeimplantationisrisky.（需要更

多的失語癥患者參加測試，這離推廣還有很長的路要走。專家警告說，盡管研究結(jié)果令人印象深刻，但

電極植入是有風(fēng)險的。）”可知，作者對該設(shè)備的態(tài)度是客觀的。故選D。

D

There'sbadnewsforparentswhofrequentlyleavetheii*kidsinfrontoftheTV:Itmightactuallyendupleaving

momsanddadsmorestressed.ThefindingscomefromaUniversityofArizona-ledstudy,whichexploresthe

potentialeffectsofchildren'stelevisionwatchinghabitsontheirparents5stresslevels.

Thelogicbehindthisisclear.Themoretelevisionkidswatch,themorethey'reexposed（接觸）toadvertising,

whichoftenfeaturesbrightcolors,upbeatmusicandflashycharactersandcanbeespeciallypersuasive,since,

developmentally,childrenaren'tfullycapableofunderstandingadvertising'sintention."Themoreadvertisements

theysee,themorelikelytheyaretoinsistonpurchasingitemswhengoingwiththeirparentsandperhapsmakea

fussiftold'no'.Allthatmayincreaseparents'overallstresswellbeyondasingleshoppingtrip,“saidleadstudy

authorMatthewLapierre.

Thereareafewthingsparentscando,perhapsthemostobviousofwhichislimitingscreentime.''Commercial

contentisthereforareason:toelicitpurchasingbehavior.So,ifthisisaproblem,maybeshutofftheTV"Lapierre

said.Ofcourse,thatcanbeeasiersaidthandone,headmitted.

Anotherthingparentscantry,especiallyasadvertisingtargetingchildrenrocketsaroundtheholidays:Consider

howtheytalktotheirkidsaboutconsumerism.Atthistime,effectiveparent-childconsumer-relatedcommunication

canworkwell.

Overall,communicationbetweenparentsandchildrenisabetterstrategyforreducingstressinparents.

However,theresearchfound,thiscommunicativestrategyshowsdroppingreturnswhenchildrenaskformore

productsorhavemoreconsumerconflictwithparents.

Withtheriseofstreamingservices,however,manyviewersarenolongerbeingexposedtothetraditional

advertisingofnetworkorcableTVAdvertisersarefindingcreativewaysaroundthat,forexample,throughproduct

placementandintegrated（綜合的）brandinginashow,Lapierresaid.Andadvertisingtowardchildrenremainsa

multibillion-dollarindustry.

“Ingeneral,moretelevisionexposuremeansmoreexposuretoadvertisements.EvenifI'mstreaming,I'm

likelyseeingmoreintegratedbranding,“Lapierresaid,“suchhiddenadvertisingishardertodetectandhasagreater

influenceonchildren'sconsuminghabits,leavingparentsmorestressed.

12.WhatdoesMatthewLapierreattempttoexploreinthestudy?

A.TheinfluencethebadnewsonTVhasonparents.

B.Children'sabilitytounderstandTVcommercials.

C.Thestressthekids'watchingTVbringstoparents.

D.StrategiestostopkidswatchingTVadvertisements.

13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"elicit“meaninparagraph3?

A.Cause.B.Challenge.C.Practise.D.Guarantee.

14.HowdoesLapierreconsidertheplacementadvertisinginstreamingservices?

A.Asimpleandbettermeansofadvertisingaproduct

B.Ahiddenwaytopromoteproductsorbrandstokids

C.Aneasywaytoavoidconflictsbetweenkidsandparents.

D.AneffectiveapproachtokeepingkidsfromTVcommercials.

15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?

A.PeopleshouldkeepofftheinfluenceofTVads

B.Advertisersmakecommercialcontentsappealing

C.TVcommercialscaneducatethekidsunknowingly

D.Kids'exposuretoTVmakesparentsmorestressed

【答案】12.C13.A14.B15.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。研究表明，對于那些經(jīng)常把孩子放在電視機(jī)前的父母來說，這實際上可能會

讓父母壓力更大。

【12題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段""Themoreadvertisementstheysee,themorelikelytheyaretoinsistonpurchasing

itemswhengoingwiththeirparentsandperhapsmakeafussiftold'no'.AUthatmayincreaseparents'overall

stresswellbeyondasingleshoppingtrip.5'saidleadstudyauthorMatthewLapierre.（該研究的主要作者

MatthewLapierre說：“他們看到的廣告越多，就越有可能在和父母一起購物時堅持購買物品，如果被告

知‘不'，他們可能會大驚小怪。所有這些都可能會增加父母的整體壓力，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過一次購物之

旅?？芍?，MatthewLapierre在研究中試圖探索孩子們看電視給父母帶來的壓力。故選C。

【13題詳解】

詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞所在句“"Commercialcontentisthereforareason:toelic義purchasingbehavior.（商

業(yè)內(nèi)容的存在是有原因的：elicit購買行為。）”并結(jié)合常識可知，商業(yè)內(nèi)容會引發(fā)購買行為。故elicit意

為“引發(fā)；引起”。故選A。

【14題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)到數(shù)第二段“Advertisersarefindingcreativewaysaroundthat,forexample,through

productplacementandintegrated（綜合的）brandinginashow,Lapierresaid.Andadvertisingtowardchildren

remainsamultibillion-dollarindustry.（Lapierre說，廣告商正在尋找創(chuàng)造性的方法來解決這一問題，例如在

節(jié)目中植入產(chǎn)品和整合品牌。面向兒童的廣告仍然是一個價值數(shù)十億美元的行業(yè)）”推知，Lapierre認(rèn)為

流媒體服務(wù)中投放廣告是一種向兒童推銷產(chǎn)品或品牌的隱蔽方式。故選B。

【15題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段<lThere'sbadnewsforparentswhofrequentlyleavetheirkidsinfrontoftheTV:It

mightactuallyendupleavingmomsanddadsmorestressed.（對于那些經(jīng)常把孩子放在電視機(jī)前的父母來

說，有一個壞消息：這實際上可能會讓父母壓力更大）”可知，本文主要介紹一項研究結(jié)果一一孩子接觸

電視會讓父母壓力更大。D項"Kids'exposuretoTVmakesparentsmorestressed（孩子接觸電視會讓父母壓

力更大）”最能概括本文主旨。故選D。

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選

項。

BreadBakinginAncientEgypt

Didyouknowthatbreadisoneoftheearliesthumaninventions?

16Otheringredients（原料?）andshapescanvary.Scientistshavelearnedthathumanshavebeen

eatingbreadinsomeformoranotherfor30,000years.

Archaeologists（考古學(xué)家）havediscoveredpicturesofbakeriesandloavesofbreadinancientEgyptian

archaeologicalsites.17Home-bakers,usuallywomen,bakedonlythebreadtheywouldneedforthatday.

Infact,becausetheyhadnopotatoesorrice,breadwasthemostimportantintheancientEgyptian5diet.

Egyptiansusedagrainmuchsimilartowheatfortheirbread.Thegrainwasbrokenbyhandintoflouronstone.The

flourwasmixedwithwaterandsalt.」8ThisEgyptianbreadwasaflatbread.IndiannaanandMiddle

Easternpitaaretwoexamplesofflatbreadeatentoday.AttheendoftheancientEgyptianperiod,however,around

300BC,Egyptianbakersaddedtotheirbreadanimportantingredient:yeast（酵母）.」9Mostbreadstoday

aremadeusingthosefourbasicingredients:flour,yeast,salt,andwater.

However,breadproductiontodayismorecomplicated.Yes,youcanstillbakeyourownbreadathomewith

store-boughtflourandyeast.20Butthebreadyouseeingrocerystoresismadeinlargefactorieswhich

bakemanydifferentbreads.

A.Itmakesbreadrise.

B.NotalltheAncientEgyptiansatebread.

C.BreadisafoodmadeofHourandwater.

D.Itwasplacedinapotandbakedinaclayoven.

E.Youcanalsobuybreadmadeatsmallbakeries.

F.Breadbakeriesandhome-bakersusedthesametechniques.

G.AncientEgyptianfarmersdependedmuchonitfortheirgrainharvest.

【答案】16.C17.F18.D19.A20.E

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了古埃及人是如何烘焙面包的。

【16題詳解】

根據(jù)下文“Otheringredients（原料）andshapescanvary.（其他成分和形狀可能有所不同。）“可知，空格處

應(yīng)說明面包的原料。C項“Breadisafoodmadeofflourandwater.（面包是一種由面粉和水制成的食

物。）”說明面包的原料是面粉和水，符合語境。故選C項。

【17題詳解】

根據(jù)上文Archaeologists（考古學(xué)家）havediscoveredpicturesofbakeriesandloavesofbreadinancient

Egyptianarchaeologicalsites.（考古學(xué)家在古埃及考古遺址發(fā)現(xiàn)了面包店和面包的照片）”可知，上文提到了

古代面包店以及面包的照片。根據(jù)下文"Home-bakers,usuallywomen,bakedonlythebreadtheywouldneed

forthatday.（家庭面包師，通常是女性，只烤當(dāng)天需要的面包。）”可知，下文提到家庭面包師烤面包。所

以，空格處應(yīng)承上啟下，將面包店和家庭面包師結(jié)合起來。F項"Breadbakeriesandhome-bakersusedthe

sametechniques.（面包店和家庭面包師使用了相同的技術(shù)。）”說明面包店和家庭面包師使用的技術(shù)相同，

符合語境。故選F項。

【18題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“Thegrainwasbrokenbyhandintoflouronstone.Theflourwasmixedwithwaterandsalt.（谷物在

石頭上用手掰成面粉。面粉與水和鹽混合。）”可知，上文講述古埃及人制作面包步驟。D項“Itwas

placedinapotandbakedinaclayoven.（把它放在一個鍋里，在一個粘土烤箱里烤。）”承接上文，也是制

作面包的步驟。故選D項。

【19題詳解】

根據(jù)下文“Egyptianbakersaddedtotheii-breadanimportantingredient:yeast（酵母）.（埃及面包師在面包中添

加了一種重要成分：酵母。）"可知，上文講到制作面包的成分：酵母。A項"Itmakesbreadrise.（它使面

包上升。）”說明使用酵母的好處，符合語境。故選A項。

[20題詳解】

根據(jù)上文**Yes,youcanstillbakeyourownbreadathomewithstore-boughtflourandyeast.（是的，你仍然可

以在家里用商店里買的面粉和酵母烤自己的面包。）”可知，上文說到你可以在家里自制面包。E項“Hu

canalsobuybreadmadeatsmallbakeries.（你也可以在小面包店買面包。）”說到你也可以買面包，與上文

是并列關(guān)系。故選E項。

第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。

Atthestartofmyseniorhighschoollife,IbegantodreamofenteringColumbiaUniversity.ButwhatIdidn't

realizewashow21mydreamwas.Icamefromamiddle-classfamily,anditseemedasthoughwehad

always22-tomakeendsmeet.

Iwasn'tthesmartestpersoninmyclass,notevenclose;butmy23wasintherightplace,andIwas

determined.Iappliedforevery24—Icouldinmysenioryear.Andthenmyteachertoldmeaboutthe

financialaidsystem.Iapplied,butIdidn'tthinkIwould25thateither.

Aftertheholidays,myfriendsstarted26.theiracceptancelettersfromcolleges,andI_27一

expectedmine.Finally,aletterarrivedfromColumbiaUniversity.Feelingsoffearandjoy2&mewhenI

openedtheenvelopewithtremblinghands.Ihaddoneit!Icriedforawhile,feelingbothextremelyexcitedand

29.Ihadbeendoingafull-timejob,butthatwasn'tenoughto30tuition（學(xué)費），anditwas

impossibleformyparentstopayformyeducation.

Monthswentbybeforealetterfromthe31aidofficecame.Iopeneditanxiously,butitwasonly

aletterrequestingmoreinformationtoprocessmy32.Thishappenedoverandover,andmy

33keptgettingshotdown.Eventually,anenvelopearrived,theonethatwould34whether

Icouldattendcollege.Notonlywasfinancialaidgoingtohelpmeoutw