Unit2OutofthisworldGrammarandusage課件高中英語牛津譯林版選擇性

Unit2OutofthisworldGrammarandusageUnderlinethesubjectsofthefollowingsentences.1.Davidarrivedlastnight.2.Whoisspeaking,please?3.Twowillbeenough.4.Lookingupallthenewwordsinthedictionarytookhimalotoftime.5.Totranslatethisidealintorealityneedshardwork.6.Howtodowellisanimportantquestion.7.Whathashappenedprovesthatourpolicyisright.n.pron.num.v-ingtodotodophrasesentencesubjectclauseSubjectclauses(主語從句)在復(fù)合句中，如作主語的是一個(gè)從句，該從句被稱為主語從句。主語從句必須用陳述語序。theearthmovesaroundthesun

iswellknown.連接詞ThatWhether1.連詞that/whetherthat不做成分，不表意思，不能省略。whether不做成分，表意思“是否”。Hedoesn’tknow_____________youwillleave.3.Itmakesnodifference

youwillgo

todayortomorrow.Whetherwhether/ifwhether4.他不確定你什么時(shí)候走。Whatheisnotsureis_________youwillleave.whetherwhether/if主語從句中用whether不用if

的情況：1.主語從句位于句首時(shí);

2.從句后有or或緊跟ornot時(shí)。5.____youworkhard,youaresuretosucceed.If賓語從句中whether和if

可互換，表語從句、同位語從句用

whether不用if.條件狀語從句用

if不用whether.英譯中：Whowillbesenttherehasnotbeendecided.Whatyouneedismorepractice.Whichoneisthebestisnotclear.Whateverhedidwasright.Whichever

teamgainsthemostpointswins.連接詞誰會(huì)被派出去還不知道。

你所需要的(東西)是更多的實(shí)踐。

哪一個(gè)是最好的還不清楚。

無論誰第一個(gè)到(任何第一個(gè)到的人)都會(huì)得一本免費(fèi)書。

他做的任何事情都是對(duì)的。無論哪個(gè)隊(duì)獲得最多分就算贏。2.連接代詞who/what/which/whoever/whatever/whicheverwho/whoever引導(dǎo)名詞從句的區(qū)別：who引導(dǎo)的表“一件事”，whoever引導(dǎo)表“一個(gè)人”連接代詞做主干成分，表意思，不能省略。中譯英：他們什么時(shí)候會(huì)來還沒有公布。他去了哪里還是個(gè)問題。為什么會(huì)有重力難以理解。他能如何在英國謀生依然還是一個(gè)問題。

hehasgoneisaquestion.thereisgravityishardtounderstand.hecanearnalivinginBritain

remainsabigproblem.when,wherewhy,how3.連接副詞連接詞WhenWhereWhyHow連接副詞引導(dǎo)名詞從句，在句中作狀語，表意思。主語從句的時(shí)態(tài)1.Whatcausedthecaraccident

______

unknown.2.Wherewewillgo

________________（decide)yet.hasn’tbeendecided小結(jié)：1.主現(xiàn)從現(xiàn)，主過從過，從“理”從現(xiàn)2.從句一般不受主句時(shí)態(tài)的影響。remains3.ItisthefirsttimethatMrSmith_________(visit)theSummerPalace.hasvisited4.ItwasthefirsttimethatMrSmith_________(visit)theSummerPalace.hadvisited謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)6.Whatweneed

______

morebooks.1.Whowonthematch

_____stillunknown.5.Whatshelacks

______

experience.2.Whatyousaid

______perfectlytrue.3.Whenandwhyhewillleavethere_____unknown.4.Whatyousaidandwhatyoudid______allright.waswasiswereiswere一個(gè)主語從句后的謂語動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)形式。多個(gè)主語從句后的謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。一個(gè)主語從句的幾個(gè)方面也用單數(shù)形式。what引導(dǎo)的主語從句，謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)由后面的表語決定。1.很明顯他已經(jīng)知道了真相。2.他們是否能完成任務(wù)還不確定。3.他們什么時(shí)候來還沒有決定。

_____isobvious______hehasknownthetruth.____isuncertain_________theywillfinishthetasks.ItthatItwhetherItwhenit作形式主語主語從句常用it作形式主語放句首,從句為真正的主語，放在句末，使句子更平衡。It+be+形容詞

+that從句certainclearimportantnecessaryprobablepossible常用句型有：Itis/was+that–clauseit作形式主語2.It+happens/seems/appears/proves/turnsout等不及物動(dòng)詞/連系動(dòng)詞

+that從句。Itseemsthatitisgoingtorain.3.It+be+名詞(詞組)

+that從句pity，wonder，honourshameduty，factItis/wasa+that–clause4.It+be+V-ed+that從句saidreportedthoughthopedbelievedknownItis+that–clause5.Itstruck/hit/occurredtosb

+that從句

某人突然想到7.Itmakesondifference+that從句...沒有影響6.Itdoesn’tmatter+that從句...是無關(guān)緊要的中譯英：1.很遺憾他錯(cuò)過了這么好的機(jī)會(huì)。2.據(jù)說他是班上最用功的學(xué)生。3.碰巧我那天外出了。4.我們都不知道誰會(huì)告訴我們最新信息。5.你往左轉(zhuǎn)或往右轉(zhuǎn)都沒有關(guān)系。1.Itwasapitythathemissedsuchagoodchance.2.Itissaidthat

hestudieshardestinclass.3.IthappenedthatIwasoutthatday.4.Itisunknowntousallwhowilltellusthelatestinformation.5.Itdoesn’tmatterthatwillyouturnleftorright.表建議尚未成為事實(shí)，常用虛擬語氣suggested，advisedorderedrequested，requiredItis/was+that–clauseshoulddonecessaryimportantstrangenatural

Itis+that–clauseshoulddo表說話人的意見、要求，常用虛擬語氣虛擬語氣中譯英：1.大學(xué)生掌握一兩門外語是必要的。2.按照命令，這臺(tái)收音機(jī)要立刻送到那里去。1.Itisnecessarythatacollegestudent(should)masteroneortwoforeignlanguages.2.Itisorderedthattheradioshouldbesentthereatonce.2.引導(dǎo)主語從句的詞有：連詞________________________________

________________________________

連接代詞________,_________,_________,____________________________________

連接副詞_____,______,

_____,

_____等。____________________________________3.主語從句常用____作形式主語放句首,從句

為_____________，放在句末。1.主語從句在復(fù)合句中作句子的______。主語that/連接作用/無意義/無成分/不可省whether/if/連接作用/有意義/無成分/不可省whenwherehowwhywho(ever)what(ever)it真正的主語which(ever)連接詞連接作用/有意義/有成分：主賓表/不可省連接作用/有意義/有成分：狀語/不可省4.注意事項(xiàng)：主語從句的時(shí)態(tài)：謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)：虛擬語氣的運(yùn)用：形式主語常用句型：if/whether區(qū)別：語法填空中主語從句如何選擇引導(dǎo)詞不缺必要成分缺必要成分連接代詞（what,who,which,whom,wh-ever,whose）缺意思不缺意思when/why/where/how（表“是否”用if/whether）that缺什么意思，就填什么詞！I.用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞填空。WhatThatWhetherHowwhoWhenthatWhichII.根據(jù)漢語意思，完成下列句子。1.無論誰最后離開房間