Unit+8+Green+Living+語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)課件 高中英語北師大版（2019）必修第三冊(cè)

Unit8GreenLivingSectionⅣ

GrammarVerb-ingand-edForms動(dòng)詞-ing和-ed形式Verb-ingForm動(dòng)詞-ing形式Verb-ingformactsasanadjectiveoranadverbinasentence.Wecanuseverb-ingformsasattributive，adverbial，objectcomplementorpredicativeofsentences.a

Thecryingchildhadacutonhisknee.(adjective；attributive)b

Travellingonfoot，wesawmanybeautifulplaces.(adverb；adverbial)動(dòng)詞-ing形式在句中起形容詞或副詞的作用，可用作定語、狀語、賓語補(bǔ)足語或表語。例如：cAsIwalkedpasttheroom，lheardtwopeoplearguing.(adjective；objectcomplement)dThefootballgamewasexciting.(adjective；predicative)Wesometimesuseverb-ingformsinsteadofrelativeandadverbialclauses.Wecanalsouseverb-ingformsinsteadoftwomainclausesjoinedbyandorbut.有時(shí)，動(dòng)詞-ing形式可以代替定語或狀語從句，也可以代替由and或but連接的兩個(gè)并列句。?

Arrivingattheschool，thechildrenfounditwasclosed.(Whentheyarrivedattheschool，thechildren...)?Haveyoumetthebossmanagingthecompany?(...thebosswhomanages....)?Thecardrovethroughthecity，headingforthemountainarea.(...andheadedfor...)Thesubjectofverb-ingformmustalsobethesubjectofthemainverb.動(dòng)詞-ing形式作狀語時(shí)，其邏輯主語必須與句子的主語一致。例如：?

Carryingalargeandheavybox，shetrippedonastepandfell.Thefollowingsentenceisnotcorrect.下面這個(gè)句子是錯(cuò)誤的。?

Carryingalargeandheavybox，

herfoottrippedonastepandfell.Verb-edForm動(dòng)詞-ed形式Weuseverb-edformsasadjectivesoradverbsinsentences.Whenusedasadjectives，theycanserveasattributive，objectcomplement，adverbialorpredicative.動(dòng)詞-ed形式在句中可作形容詞或副詞。作形容詞時(shí)可以作定語、賓語補(bǔ)足語、狀語或表語。例如：?Therecoveredanimalswillbereleasedsoon.(attributive)?Whenheenteredtheroom，hefoundthewindowbroken.(objectcomplement)?Builtin1760，thehouseisover200yearsold.(adverbial).?Thestreetislinedwithsmallshops.(predicative)語法感知指出下列句子中畫線部分所作的句子成分1.Ididn′tknowthegirlgivingaspeechonthestage.

2.ThegirllikesreadingthenovelswrittenbyMoYan.

后置定語后置定語3.Thetwowomensatonthebench，talkinghappily.

4.Attractedbythebigmonkey，thelittleboyrefusedtoleave.

5.Whileplayingfootball，hegothisleftleginjured.伴隨狀語原因狀語賓語補(bǔ)足語語法探究知識(shí)脈絡(luò)語法精講一、動(dòng)詞-ing形式動(dòng)詞-ing形式在句中起形容詞或副詞的作用,可以用作定語、狀語、賓語補(bǔ)足語或表語。1.作定語①前置定語Thecryingchildhadacutonhisknee.那個(gè)正在哭的孩子膝蓋上有一個(gè)傷口。②后置定語Therearemanyboysplayingfootballontheplayground.有很多男孩正在操場(chǎng)上踢足球。2.作狀語①方式或伴隨狀語Thechildrenwalkedoutoftheclassroom，talkinghappily.孩子們走出了教室，高興地交談著。②時(shí)間狀語Seeingthewoman，thelovelybabystoppedcrying.看到這個(gè)女人，這個(gè)可愛的嬰兒不哭了。③

原因狀語Notknowingheraddress，Icouldn′tsendherthepackage.

因?yàn)椴恢浪牡刂?，我無法給她送包裹。④條件狀語Workinghard，youwillachieveyourgoalsomeday.努力工作，你就會(huì)在將來的某一天實(shí)現(xiàn)你的目標(biāo)。⑤結(jié)果狀語Thestrongwindblewawaygoodsoil，leavingonlysand.大風(fēng)吹走了好土，只剩下沙子。3.作賓語補(bǔ)足語Eg.AsIwalkedpasttheroom，Iheardtwopeoplearguing.我路過房間時(shí)，聽到兩個(gè)人在爭(zhēng)吵。Thegirlisshyanditishardtogethertalking.這個(gè)女孩很害羞,讓她開口說話很難。4.作表語Eg.Thenewsisencouraging.

這則消息令人鼓舞。Youyoungpeoplearefascinating.

你們這些年輕人非常可愛。5.注意問題

①有時(shí)，動(dòng)詞-ing形式可以代替定語或狀語從句，也可以代替由and或but連接的兩個(gè)并列句。Arrivingattheschool，thechildrenfounditwasclosed.＝Whentheyarrivedattheschool，thechildrenfounditwasclosed.Haveyoumetthebossmanagingthecompany?＝Haveyoumetthebosswhomanagesthecompany?Thecarranthroughthecity，headingforthemountainarea.＝Thecarranthroughthecityandheadedforthemountainarea.

②動(dòng)詞-ing形式作狀語時(shí)，其邏輯主語必須與句子的主語一致。Carryingalargeandheavybox，shetrippedonastepandfell.(√)Carryingalargeandheavybox，herfoottrippedonastepandfell.(×)【即學(xué)即用】翻譯句子①她沖著正在爬樹的男孩大喊。②他在派對(duì)上說的話確實(shí)讓人驚訝。Sheisshoutingattheboyclimbingthetree.Whathesaidatthepartywasreallysurprising.③這兩個(gè)男孩站在那里，怒視著對(duì)方。④看到這些快樂的孩子，這個(gè)人對(duì)生活很是滿足。⑤導(dǎo)游站在那里，解釋那幅古畫。Thetwoboysstoodthere，staringateachother.Seeingthehappychildren，themanwascontentwithhislife.Theguidestoodthere，explainingtheoldpainting.二、動(dòng)詞-ed形式

動(dòng)詞-ed形式(過去分詞)在句中可作形容詞或副詞。作形容詞時(shí)可以作定語、賓語補(bǔ)足語、表語或狀語。1.作定語①

前置定語Whenhewalkedintotheyard，hesawthefallenleavesontheground.他走進(jìn)院子時(shí),看到了滿地的落葉。Thevolunteerspayaregularvisittotheretiredteachers.這些志愿者定期去看望那些退休的老教師。②

后置定語Idon′tlikethenovelwrittenbythatyounggirl.＝Idon′tlikethenovelwhich/thatwaswrittenbythatyounggirl.我不喜歡那個(gè)年輕女孩寫的小說。Hedecidedtohaveatalkwiththeboymentionedinthearticle.＝Hedecidedtohaveatalkwiththeboythat/whowasmentionedinthearticle.他決定和文章中提到的男孩談一談。2.作賓語補(bǔ)足語Whenheenteredtheroom，hefoundthewindowbroken.他進(jìn)入房間時(shí)，發(fā)現(xiàn)窗戶破了。I′llhavemybikefixedwhileyouarecooking.你做飯時(shí)，我去讓人修自行車。3.作表語Iamconvincedofhishonesty.我深信他的誠(chéng)實(shí)。Heisdeeplyreadintheclassics.

他精通古典文學(xué)。4.作狀語①原因狀語Hesoonfellasleep，exhaustedbythejourney.因?yàn)槁猛具^于勞累，他很快就睡著了。InfluencedbyGandi′sideasaboutpeacefulprotests，Kingorganisedabusprotestin1965.受到甘地和平抗議思想的影響，金在1965年組織了一次公共汽車抗議。②時(shí)間狀語Seenfromthehill，thetownlooksmorebeautiful.從山上看，這個(gè)鎮(zhèn)更美麗了。③條件狀語Givenmoretimeandattention，