淺析《玩偶之家》中娜拉女性意識的覺醒

ChapterOneIntroductionJosephRossi,borninWisconsin,isoneofthemostfamousdirectorsintheUnitedStates,concurrentlyscreenwriter,producer,actor.HisworksincludeWushanDream,ALoveandsoon.ADoll’sHouseisa1973familyethicsfilmdirectedbyJosephRossi.Thefilmtellsthestoryoftheself-awakeninggrowthprocessofNora,fromlovingandtrustingherhusbandtobreakingupwithherhusband,passingonthewonderfulfeelings,andfinallyrunningawayfromhomeandgettingridofthestatusofadoll.ThefilmisadaptedfromtheplayADoll’sHouse,writtenbytheNorwegiandramatistHenrikIbsen.Theplayisatypicalsocialproblemdrama,whichmainlyrevolvesaroundtheawakeningofthefavoredheroineNorainthepast,andfinallyendswithNora’sdeparture.ThewholeplayviatheprocessoftheheroineNoraandherhusbandfromlovetoseparationdiscussestheproblemofbourgeoismarriageandexposestheconflictbetweenpatriarchalsocietyandwomen’sliberation.Itchallengereligion,law,moralityofthebourgeoissociety.Itmotivatepeople,especiallywomen,tobreakthebondageoftraditionalideasandstruggleforfreedomandequality.ADoll’sHouseisasternindictmentofthemarriagerelationshipunderthecapitalistprivateownershipandthepatriarchalcenterofthebourgeoisie.Femaleconsciousnessreferstotheconsciousconsciousnessofthestatus,functionandvalueofwomenasthemainbodyintheobjectiveworld.Specifically,itreferstothewomencanconsciouslyawareandfulfilltheirhistoricalmission,socialresponsibility,lifeobligations.Meanwhile,womencanclearlyknowtheirowncharacteristics,andparticipateinsociallifeinauniqueway,sothattheycanaffirmandrealizetheirsocialvalueandlifeneeds.ThispaperanalyzestheimageofNora,thestrong,gentleandkindheroineinADoll’sHouse,andherawakeningoffemaleconsciousness,soastoawaketheawakeningofwomentofemaleconsciousnessandtheirinnerspiritualindependence.Ascontemporarywomen,weliveinasocietyinwhichmenandwomenareequalinthelegalsense.However,thediscriminationagainstwomenisstillcommoninthesociety.Insuchasocialreality,weshouldsticktoourownsenseofindependenceandaffirmourself-value,andtearoffthelabelofweakandsubsidiary.Weshouldbeafinanciallyindependent,mentallyindependent,freeofthoughtoftheneweraofwomen.ChapterTwoNora’sAwakeningofFemaleConsciousnessinDifferentStagesTheprocessoffemaleconsciousnessawakeningisdividedintofourstages:sleepingstage,germinationstage,growthstageandmaturitystage.Nora’sawakeninghasdifferentperformancesateachstage.Nora’stransformationfrombeingwillingtobeadolltogoingoutofthehouseisalsotheprocessofherfemaleconsciousnessandgraduallydeepening.2.1SleepingStageofFemaleConsciousnessPandengdetailedtheperformanceofNorainthesleepingstageoffemaleconsciousnessinthe——AnalysisofNora’sImageinADoll’sHouse.Noraisadaughter,awife,amother,andasanindependentpersonalityisneverrecognizedbysociety.Norahasalwaysbeentheimageofamanipulator,boundbyacoldcapitalistsociety.However,althoughNorawasinasubordinatepositioninthepatriarchalsociety,shemovedtostruggleandindependencestepbystep.Intheprocessofconstantlyfindingahappywayoutforhermarriage,shecompletedherredemptionandliberation.2.1.1AClayDollforFatherandHusbandLiZhiyushowsthedeformedfamilyrelationshipbetweenNoraandherfatherandhusbandinExploringNora’srelationshipwiththeMeninADoll’sHome.Asadaughterandwife,Norawasnotallowedtohaveasenseofselfandcouldonlyobeythearrangementofherfatherorhusband.Ibsen’sNoraisalively,lovely,innocentwoman.BeforeshemarriedwithHelmer,shedidwhatherfathersaidandnevermadeanychoicebyherself.Inthefamilyoforigin,herfatherhasalwaysregardedNoraashis“claychild”.Ontheonehand,helovedhercarefully.ontheotherhand,herequiredhertobeobedient.Therefore,Norahadaweaksenseofindependencesincechildhoodandalwaysallowedotherstoarrangeherlife.ThisisthefemalefamilyeducationtoNorabroughtbyherfather.SinceHelmersolvedamoneyproblemforNora’sfather,herfathercontributedtohermarriageinordertothankHelmer.ActuallyhetransferredNora’scontrolpowertoherhusband.InHelmer’sopinion,Norawashisfamilyproperty,hispetandhisservant.Norawasatypicalhousewifeinacapitalistfamilyinthenineteenthcentury.Shehadnojobofherselfandnoincomes,andsheandherthreechildrendependedonHelmertosurvive.Therefore,inHelmer’seyes,hefedNoraandtheirchildrenall,sotheynaturallywerehis“doll”.Inhismouth,eitherNorais“alittlebird”,“alittlesquirrel”,“anignorantchild”,“achildwhospendsmoneyrecklessly”,or“alovelylittlebirdwhocansing”.AllNoraneededtodowastocatertohisneeds,amusehim,andlethimrecuperatecomfortablyathome.SowhenitcomestoNorasecretlydoinghandmadejobs,hesays,“Idon’tthinkanythingworsethanthat”.AndNoraaskedformoneyoraskedtoplaytricks,singing,dancingandsoontopleaseHelmer.Nora’sfoodandclothingareinlinewithHelmer’staste,andanydecisionshemakesneedshispermission.Onthecontrary,hisideasanddecisionsarealwaysindependent.2.1.2DeprivingNora’sRightsforFamilyAffairsAminandS.BsaidthatHelmerhascreatedaworldinwhichheisthedictatorandNora,afollower;heisthejoymakerandNora,theinstrumentofhisamusementinHusband-wifeRelationshipinADoll’shouse:AnAftermathOfMan’sAuthorityOverWoman.Inhereightyearsofmarriage,Noraneverparticipatedinany“seriousthing”.Nora’slifefocusesontakingcareofchildren,arrangingroomsandpleasingherhusband.Helmerhasabsoluteauthorityinthehome,includingcontrolfamily’srighttomakefriendsandeventhekeytothefamilymailbox.Forthefamilyaffairs,Helmerisarbitrary,neveraskNora’sopinions.Intheeyesofoutsiders,Noraisonlythedaughterofherfather,thewifeofHelmer,thevassalofthefatherandhusband.Inlaw,asanwomen,Noraarealsoprohibitedfromborrowing,andthewholesocietyisthatwomenarenotevenqualifiedtoparticipateinthe“seriousthing”.Aftereightyearsofmarriage,theonlyseriousconversationbetweenNoraandhelmerwasthatwhenNorachosedtoleave,Helmerblurtedout:“MygoodNora,whatdoesseriousbusinesshavetodowithyou?”.InsteadofthankingthefactthatNorahadborrowedthemoneybyforgingherfather’ssignature,hewasfurious.Thisisostensiblytomaintainhisownreputation,butthefearthatNora'scontributiontothefamilywouldbreakhisdominantpositioninthefamilyandunderminethepatriarchalorderthatheadheresto.EvenNora’sgoodfriendMrs.Lindealsodidnotbelievethatshecanborrowmoneythroughherownabilitytotreatherhusband,letalonethatshehadrepaidtheloanwithherownincome.Becausein19thcenturyNorway,housewiveswereconsideredincapableofindependentlycompletinganyserioustasks.Nora

keeps

her

family

organized,

but

due

to

the

limitations

of

household

chores

within

the

family,

she

loses

her

public

nature

and

is

no

longer

related

to

society.

Instead,

it

becomes

a

private

service.

The

wife

becomes

the

main

domestic

maid

and

is

excluded

from

social

production.

In

this

way,

the

capitalist

economic

system

and

production

methods

hide

the

value

of

their

household

chores,

deny

all

their

contributions,

and

place

them

in

a

position

of

being

oppressed

and

enslaved

by

their

husbands,

which

is

therootreasonofNora’sdollstatus.2.1.3ThePoweroftheFamilyunderHelmer’sControlZhaoDandiscussesthecrueloppressionofwomeninthecapitalistsocietyintheCausesofNora’sStatusfromtheFeministPerspective.Womenareinthissociety,withoutatraceofhumandignity.Helmercalled“mylittlebird”,“l(fā)ittlesquirrel”,“children”,“ignorantchildren”,“baby”,thesenamesimplythatheneverputNorainanequalpositionwithhim.Helmerregardsherasprivatepropertyorabeautifultreasuretoshowoff,soallheractionsshouldbeunderhiscontrolandcommand.Hesaid:“Idonotwantyouother,aslongasyounowso——Iwillsinglovelybirds.”HelmerdoesnotneedorallowNoratohaveindependentthoughtsandpersonality,onlywisheshertobeanobedientandamusing“doll”.Norahasnosovereigntyathome,everythingisarrangedbyherhuaband.whatheloves,Noramustalsolove.Noraneedstobeghimformoney,andsheisnotallowedtoeatalmondbiscuits.TherulingpowerofthefamilyistightlyheldinthehandsofHelmer.Externally,Nora’srighttomakefriendshasalsobeeninterferedwith.Whetherit’sMrs.LindeorDoctorRank,hehasprohibitedNorafromsocializingwithfriendswhomakeHelmerfeelderogatorytohisimage.AndalloftheseareconcealedundertheillusionofgentleandconsideratebyHelmer,whichleadstoNoranotfeelinghumiliatedaboutherdollstatus,butfeelinghappy.Nora

did

not

realize

that

her

husband’s

care,

possession,

and

appreciation

for

her

were

not

truly

equal

love

between

husband

and

wife.

This

long-standing

male

centered

social

model

constrains

people’s

thoughts

and

behavior

through

social

mechanisms

such

as

family,

marriage,

religion,

and

morality.

At

that

time,

people

generally

believed

that

after

marriage,

men

should

take

on

the

responsibility

of

supporting

the

family

and

hold

absolute

authority

in

the

family;

Women

only

need

to

be

obedient

wives

and

responsible

mothers,

and

their

most

sacred

responsibility

is

to

their

husbands

and

children.2.2GerminationStageofFemaleConsciousnessInthegerminationstageoffemaleconsciousness,Noraassumedtheresponsibilityoffamilyforthefirsttime.Inthefaceoflifetests,Nora’sownbraveandstrongpersonalitytraitsmadehernotflinchinthefaceofsetbacks,andsuccessfullyhelpedherfamilythroughthedifficulties.Thisfamilycrisisalsoallowsustore-examinetheimageofNora,undertheappearanceofthedoll,isagraduallyawakeningandindependentpersonality.2.2.1TakingFamily’sResponsibilitiesNoraisabraveandresolutewoman.Facingtheburdenoflife,Noratriedtosharewithherhusband.Whenherhusbandwasaclerk,shedidsomelightworktosupportthefamily,suchasweavingandembroidery.Whenherhusbandwasseriouslyillandcouldnotgetup,thepamperedwomanwasnotcrushed.WithEvainherabdomen,shefollowedthedoctor’swordsanddecidedtorecuperateinItaly.Facedwiththedilemmaofhavingnomoney,andinordertomaintainthedignityofherhusband,shefalselyclaimedtotraveltothesouthtotestwhetherhecouldacceptborrowingmoneytosupportthefamilythroughdifficulties.Andwhenherhusbandstrictlybanned,shechosetosacrificeherownreputation,forgeherfather’ssignature,borrowedlife-savingfunds,andletthefamilycrisissmoothlythrough.However,becauseofthefamilycrisis,shealsomissedherfather’sillness.Inorderforhimtonolongerworryduringhisillness,sheconcealedthismatterfromherfather.Itwasheartbreakingthatherfatherstilllefther.SurvivingthefamilycrisissmoothlyisNora’sproudestthing,andfortheharmonyofherfamily,shedecidedtorepaythedebtindependently.WhenKrogstadwantedtothreatenherfamily,shedecidedtocommitsuicidetoprotectherhusband’sreputationandthestabilityofherfamily.Nora’sbraveandresponsiblebehaviorisinsharpcontrastwithHelmer’sselfishandshamelessbehavior,whichmakesusrealizethevaluablequalitiesofNora’sbraveryandfearlessness.Nora’sresilienceandabilitytothinkindependentlyinthefaceoflifedifficultiesaretheembodimentofthegerminationoffemaleconsciousness.2.2.2RepayingExternalDebtInordertomaintainthestabilityofthefamily,butalsotomakeupfortheirownmistakes,Noraplanstopaythedebtsalone.Fortunately,thecommercialfieldcanpayininstallments,quarterlyinterest,soNoradoeverythingshecantorepaythedebts.Noralovedherhusbandandchildrensomuchthatshecouldnotbeartoletherhusbandlivewronged,norcouldsheletthechildrendresstoobadly,soNorahadtoreduceherownlivingexpenses.Duringherdebts,Noraworecheapestclothesandalwayspickedoutthesimplestandcheapestitems.Noralovedbeautifulclothes,andshethoughtit’sapleasuretodresswell.Butshewaswillingtosuppressherdesiresforherhusbandandchildren.Inaddition,Noraalsodidsomecopyingworkinthewinter,hidinginthehouseeverynightuntilmidnight.Althoughitwasdifficulttopayoffthedebts,Noratookitallbyherselfandpaidoffalmostallthedebtswithherownhardefforts.Eventhoughtheworkwashard,shewassohappytoearnthemoneythatsheevenfeltlikeaman.Norawasproudofhercontributiontoherfamily,andhadtheabilitytomakemoneytoestablishacertainconfidence.Thehardroadtopayingoffdebtsalsohonedherheart,andherfemaleconsciousnesswasgraduallyawakened.2.3GrowthStageofFemaleConsciousnessAsweallknow,everyone’sgrowthishardanddifficult.Apersonmustbeabletocompleteabeautifultransformationafterexperiencingmanypressuresandchoices.TheroadofNora’sfemaleconsciousnessawakeningisstiff.Underthehighpressureoffamilybreakdown,inshowingthecowardlychoicetoothers,anunyieldingpersonalitygrowsupinthehone.2.3.1NegotiatingwithDifficultCreditorAfterHelmerwaspromotedtobankmanager,ahappylifeseemstohavebeckonedtoNora.ButbecauseofHelmernarrowmind,determinedtodriveKrogatadoutofthebank,alsobroughtadisasterforNora.Krogatadusedpromissorynotesasablackmail,threateningNoratochangeHelmer’sdecision.NoratriedtopersuadeHelmer,butfoundthatthereasonwhyherhusbandfiredKrogatadwasfunny.Andherhusbandblurtedoutthat“Almostallcasesofyoungmancrimescanbetracedbacktothelyingmother”alsomadeNoraangryandafraid.Ontheonehand,herhusband’scontemptforwomenmadeNorauncomfortable;ontheotherhand,Norafearedthathermisconductwouldharmherchildrenandherfamily.ShehadtheIOU,whichhadsuffocatedher,andshehadnoonetonegotiate.Mrs.Linde’sproposalalsomadeNoradaretoface,shewouldratherbeartheconsequencesoftheincidentalone.HelmerdismissedKrogatadthoroughlyangeredKrogatad,facingthepresureofcreditorsstepbystep,forthesakeofherhusband’sreputationanddeeploveofthechildren,Norachosetocommitsuicidetosaveherfamily.Amidstendlessagonyandanxiety,Nora’sfemaleconsciousnesshasgrown.WiththeabilitytonegotiateindependentlywithKrogatadandthecouragetotakeonfamilyresponsibility,Norahasalreadypossessedthecharacteristicsofanindependentwomaninbotheconomicandspiritualaspects.2.3.2RefusingDoctorRank’sHelpBecauseofthereputationcrisis,Nora’smoodwasweigheddown.DoctorRank’svisitgaveheralittlecomfort.InfrontofDoctorRank,thetwosideswereequal,thusNorawaswillingtopouroutherhearttohim.Facingthedoctor’sconfessionandselflesslove,Norawasdeeplymoved,butDoctorRank’sdyingfatealsomakesNorafeelsad.SheresolutelyrefusedDoctorRank’shelpanddecidedtoclearthestigmawithdeath.WiththeawakeningofNora’sfemaleconsciousness,Nora’sheartalsolongedtosolvethingsasindependentlyasmen.SheisgratefultoDoctorRank’sloveanddedication,andrefusestousehimtosolveherreputationcrisis.NotonlybecausesherefusestostainDoctorRank’slove,butalsobecauseofhismaleidentity.Norapromotedtheawakeningofherfemaleconsciousnessinsolvingaffairsindependently.2.4MatureStageofFemaleConsciousnessInthematurestageoffemaleconsciousness,theconflictbetweenNoraandherhusbandandthewholesocietyreachedthemostacutestage.Inherhusband’sinsultsandabuse,Noraissoberlyawareoftheoppressionofwomenbysocietyandfamily.Insubmissionandresistance,Norachosetobreaktheshacklesofthepatriarchalsocietyandfightforequalityandfreedom.Formorethanahundredyears,Nora’simagehasalwaysshoneinthehistoryofworldliterature.Atthetimeofherbirth,theimageofNorawaspopularinthewesternworld,challengingthecapitalistsocialethicsandfacilitatingthevigorousdevelopmentofthewomen'sliberationmovement.InChina,sincetheMay4thMovement,theemergenceofNorahasdetonatedChinesepublicopinion.Variouskindsof“Nora”imageswerecreatedoneafteranother,becomingthelightofliberationthatguidesthousandsofoppressedwomeninChina.Today,Noraisstillapopularresearchobjectofscholars,expressingscholars’thoughtsonthenewsocialproblemsinmodernsociety.2.4.1RecognizingCruelRealityNoradecidedtosacrificeforherhusband'sreputation,butshealsolookedforwardtothe“miracle”.Helmeralwayssaid,“Ioftenhopethatdangerousthingsthreatenyou,sothatIcansacrificeeverythingtosaveyou.”ButafterNora'sfakesignaturewasexposed,hewildlyabusedNora,callingher“bad”,“hypocrite”and“bitwoman”,destroyinghisfutureanddestroyingthehappinessofhislife.HequestionedNora'slove,ignoredhercontributiontothefamily,anddiedatallcosts,onlybecauseshehaddamagedhisreputation.Afterthingsreverse,hestartsahypocriticalmode,claimingthathehadforgivenNora.Helmercompletelydifferentattitude,letNorathoroughlyseeHelmerselfish,hypocriticalface,alsorecognizeoneselfis“Adollwife”thisrealityandreallyawaken.2.4.2QuestioningtheInjusticeofSocietyandtheFamilyTheexposureofHelmerhypocriticalanduglyface,completelytoreuptheveilofbourgeoisfamilywarmth,butalsoletthefemaleconsciousnessofNorathoroughlyawakening.Afterunderstandingher“doll”status,Noraboldlysaid“no”toHelmer.ShewasnolongerobedienttoHelmer,butbravelyquestionedherhusbandandthewholesocialconcept.Afterawakening,Norarealizedthataftereightyearsofmarriage,shewastreatedasa“doll”torelax,nevergetrespectandequality;herhusbandneverhadaseriouscommunicationwithher,loveandmarriageareonlythemeansofachievingpersonalgainandreputation.Shewaslikeabeggarwhoobtainsfoodandmercybyplayingtricksforherhusband,whichmadeherfeelhumiliated.However,socialethicsrequiresthatwomenshouldnotabandonthefamily;moralconceptsbelievethatthemostsacredresponsibilityofwomenistotheirhusbandandchildren;theireducationalsotellsNoratobeagoodwifeandmother;religionandlawalsoignoretherightsofwomen.AllthismakesNorapainandconfused,butalsopromptedNora’sangertothefamilyandsociety,Norashouted:“NowIonlybelieve,firstofall,Iamaperson,apersonlikeyou——atleastIwanttolearntobeaperson.”NorafirmlychosetogiveupHelmerandthisfamily,toliveforherself.Shewantstobreakthroughthemarriagecagethathasboundherforeightyears,seekhertrueself,chooseherownlife,andpursueanindependentandfreelife,ratherthanjusta“doll”thatismanipulatedatwill.ThesuddenawakeningofNora’sconsciousnessmakesafemaleimagewhohascourage,determination,couragetobreakthroughthecageandboldlypursueequalityandfreedomstandvividlyrevealedonthepaper.2.4.3DefiantRebellionUnderthedualpressureofsocietyandfamily,Noraresolutelychosetoleave.Aftertheawakeningandthesocialincompatiblefemaleconsciousness,sheisundergreatpressure.Butshedidnotcompromiseandadheretothisadvancedthought.ItispreciselybecauseofthisadvancedideasthatADoll’sHouseissosuccessfulandhasacrossgenerationalsignificance.ADoll’sHouseexplorestheunfairnessofmarriageinsocietyatthattimebydepictingtheunfortunatemarriagebetweenNoraandHelmer,criticizespatriarchy,exposestheloopholesinmorality,religion,andlawofthebourgeoisie.Itmotivateswomen,liketheprotagonistNora,tobravelyawakingandfightagainstpatriarchalandpatriarchalsocietythatdonotconformtofeminism,andstrivetobecomeanindependentwomen.ComparedtoMrs.Linde’sunconsciousness,Nora’sawakeningfurtherdemonstratesheradvancedconsciousness.Thebehaviorthatsheresolutelyabandonedthedoll’shouseandcompletelybreakingawayfromitalsoshowsherdeepunderstandingoffemaleconsciousnessandthedeterminationtodothings.Inherextremedisappointmentandanger,Norashouted“Iamaperson”,whicharousedstrongresonanceamongthemajorityofwomenandpromotedtheawakeningoffemaleconsciousness.Nora’srebelliousspiritprovidedastrongspiritualmotivationforwomenwhowanttopursuefreedomandliberation.Nora’sboldrebellionagainstthebourgeoissocietyundertheruleofthepatriarchalcenteralsoopenedtheawakeningoffemaleconsciousnessatthesociallevel.ChapterThreeReasonsforNora’sAwakeningofFemaleConsciousnessTherearemanyreasonsfortheawakeningofNorafemaleconsciousness.Thispaperanalyzesthemfrombothexternalandinternalreasons.Therearethreeexternalreasons,namely,theinfluenceofwomen’sliberationtrend,theinspirationofMrs.Linde’sexperience,anddoctorRank’srespectandequallove.Thisarticlefocusesontheinfluenceofwomen’sliberationtrendonNora.3.1ExternalReasonsOntheonehand,thetrendofwomen’sliberationhasaprofoundinfluenceonNora.Ontheotherhand,Nora’ssocialrelationsalsoprovidehelpforNora’sawakeningoffemaleconsciousness.3.1.1TheInfluenceofWomen’sLiberationThoughtsCuiYaliandMuFangrongexplainedthecreationbackgroundandsignificanceinReturntoselfafterwakingup——AfterNorarunsaway,emphasizingtheimportantroleofeconomicindependenceinwomen’spersonalityindependence.Theyear1879whenIbsenwroteADoll’sHousewastheheightoftheNorwegianwomen’sliberationmovement.Norwaywaslongenslavedandcontrolledbyforeigncountriesfromthe14thcenturytotheearly19thcenturyandremainedavassalofDenmark.In1814,Norway,whichfinallyescapedDanishcontrol,wasforcedtomergewithSweden,anditwasnotuntil1905thatNorwayfinallybecameindependent.Atthesametime,NorwayislocatedintheborderareaoftheEuropeancontinent,andthenaturalandgeographicalconditionsareverypoor,leadingtothesloweconomicdevelopmentofNorwayandthelateemergenceofcapitalism.SothetraditionalthinkinginNorwayisdeeplyrooted.Atthesametime,thefreesmallholdersandthepettybourgeoisiehavealwaysbeenthemainbodyofNorwegiansociety,andhavenotbeenimpactedbythefeudaloppressionandindustrialdevelopment.Betweenthe1870sandtheearly20thcentury,NorwayenteredtheIndustrialRevolution.Therapiddevelopmentoftheindustrialrevolutiongraduallyexpandedthescaleofenterprisesandincreasedthedemandforthefemalelaborforce,sothevigorouswomen’sliberationmovementbrokeoutinNorway.Ontheonehand,thecalltoopposediscriminationagainstwomenandenablethemtoobtaintheirrightfulsocialstatusandrightsspreadthroughoutNorwayatthattime;ontheotherhand,theoppressionofwomenbypatriarchalsocietyandthediscriminationofwomenbyreligion,lawandmoralitypromptedNoratorealizethethoroughawakeningoffemaleconsciousness,andthevigorousdevelopmentofwomen’sliberationmovementencouragedhertobreakthroughthetraditionalideasforequalityandfreedom.Noraisaknowledgeablewoman.Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,herunderstandingofsocietyhascontinuouslyimprovedandherthoughtshavegraduallyfreedherselffromsuperstitionandignorance.Intheplay,HelmerscoldedNorafornotbeingreligious,moralandirresponsible,whichactuallyreflectsthatshehasacceptednewideasandrealizestheevilnatureoftheoldmoralityofspiritualoppressionandmutilationofwomen,whichistheinnerpowerofherfemaleconsciousnessawakening.Inaddition,theWesthasaweakconceptoffamilyculture,astrongsenseofindividualculture,andpaysmoreattentiontotheindependenceofindividualism.Therefore,Noraisnotboundbythefamily,doesnotrelyonthefamilyandothers,buttendstorelyonherself.Therefore,sheisresoluteanddecisivewhenannouncingthatshehasleftherfamilyandherhusband.Thisistheembodimentofwesternindividualisticvalues,butalsoshowstheindependenceofwesternindividuals.Thefree-thinkingandopenculturalatmospherealsoprovidesthesoilforthedevelopmentoffemaleconsciousness.Noraisinsuchasocialenvironment,whichprovidesobjectiveconditionsforherpersonalityresistance.3.1.2TheInspirationofMrs.Linde’sExperienceNorafeltsadforMrs.Linde’sexperience,butherabilitytosupportherselfalsomadeNoraenvious.Mrs.Linde’sexperienceshowsherthatwomenhavetheabilitytosurvivewithoutmen,andthatwomencansupporttheirfamiliesjustlikemen.Mrs.Linde’s“bystander”statusisalsomoresober.Herindependentlivingabilitygiveshercertainexperienceandwisdom.IntheprocessofNora’sfemaleconsciousnessawakening,Mrs.Linde’shelpandguidancepromotedNora’sgrowth.ButMrs.Lindeismoreconservative,andalthoughsheisthekeytopromoteNora’sawakening,sheisnotNora’sfellowtraveler.LiFanglancomparesNoraandMrs.LindeinABriefOntheFemaleConsciousnessAwakeninginADoll’sHome.Nora’sawakeningcomparedwithMrs.Linde’signorance,moreshowedNora’sthoughtahead.3.1.3DoctorRank’sRespectandEqualLoveDoctorRankisNora’sbestfriend.Norafeelsrespectandequalityfromhim.DoctorRankisarealgentleman,andNorafeelstoleranceandunderstanding.Therefore,Noraiswillingtoopenherhearttohim,andherevaluationofthisis“l(fā)ikeHelmer”.WhileNorawasworriedaboutherreputationcrisis,DoctorRanksuddenlyconfessedandpromisedthathewouldmakeanysacrificesforNora.Norarejectedhim,becauseshewaslookingforwardtothe“miracle”fromherhusband.ThesadnewsthatDoctorRankwasabouttodiesoonmadehersad,andtheindifferencedisplayedbyHelmerwhenfacingthenewsofherfriend’simminentdeathalsostungNora,causinghertostartexaminingherhusband.WhenHelmer’sfalseanduglyfaceiscompletelyexposed,DoctorRank’sbehaviorisinsharpcontrasttohim.DoctorRank’srespectandequallovehavealsodeep