2022年新高考全國(guó)Ⅰ卷英語(yǔ)真題及答案解析

2022年新高考全國(guó)I卷英語(yǔ)真題及答案解

析

新高考全國(guó)I卷英語(yǔ)試卷真題

本試卷共10頁(yè)，滿(mǎn)分120分。考試用時(shí)120分鐘。

注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必用黑色字跡鋼筆或簽字筆將自己的姓名、

考生號(hào)、考場(chǎng)號(hào)和座位號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。用2B鉛筆將試卷類(lèi)型（A）填涂在答題

卡相應(yīng)位置上。將條形碼橫貼在答題卡右上角“條形碼粘貼處”。因筆試不考聽(tīng)

力，選擇題從第二部分的“閱讀”開(kāi)始，試題序號(hào)從“21”開(kāi)始。

2.作答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目選項(xiàng)

的答案信息點(diǎn)涂黑;如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案，答案不能答

在試卷上。

3.非選擇題必須用黑色字跡鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫(xiě)在答題卡各題

目指定區(qū)域內(nèi)相應(yīng)位置上;如需改動(dòng)，先劃掉原來(lái)的答案，然后再寫(xiě)上新的答案;

不準(zhǔn)使用鉛筆和涂改液，不按以上要求作答的答案無(wú)效。

4.考生必須保持答題卡的整潔：考試結(jié)束后，將試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿(mǎn)分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

GradingPoliciesforIntroductiontoLiterature

GradingScale

90-100,A;80-89,B;70-79,C;60-69,D;Below60,E.

Essays(60%)

Yourfourmajoressayswillcombinetoformthemainpartofthegrade

forthiscourse:Essay1=10%;Essay2=15%;Essay3=15%;Essay4=20%

GroupAssignments(30%)

Studentswillworkingroupstocompletefourassignments(作業(yè))during

thecourse.Alltheassignmentswillbesubmittedbytheassigneddate

throughBlackboard,ouronlinelearningandcoursemanagementsystem.

DailyWork/In-ClassWritingsandTests/GroupWork/Homework(10%)

Classactivitieswillvaryfromdaytoday,butstudentsmustbeready

tocompleteshortin-classwritingsortestsdrawndirectlyfromassigned

readingsornotesfromthepreviousclasslecture/discussion,soitis

importanttotakecarefulnotesduringclass.Additionally,fromtimeto

timeIwillassigngroupworktobecompletedinclassorshortassignments

tobecompletedathome,bothofwhichwillbegraded.

LateWork

Anessaynotsubmittedinclassontheduedatewilllosealetter

gradeforeachclassperioditislate.Ifitisnotturnedinbythe4th

dayaftertheduedate,itwillearnazero.Dailyassignmentsnot

completedduringclasswillgetazero.Shortwritingsmissedasaresult

ofanexcusedabsencewillbeaccepted.

21.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?

A.Atextbook.B.Anexampaper.C.Acourseplan.D.Anacademic

article.

22.Howmanypartsisastudentsfinalgrademadeupof?

A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Five.

23.Whatwillhappenifyousubmitanessayoneweekafterthedue

date?

A.Youwillreceiveazero.B.Youwilllosealettergrade.

C.Youwillbegivenatest.D.Youwillhavetorewriteit.

B

Likemostofus,Itrytobemindfuloffoodthatgoestowaste.The

arugula(芝麻菜)wastomakeanicegreensalad,roundingoutaroast

chickendinner.ButIendedupworkinglate.Thenfriendscalledwitha

dinnerinvitation.Istuckthechickeninthefreezer.Butasdayspassed,

thearugulawentbad.Evenworse,Ihadunthinkinglyboughtwaytoomuch;

IcouldhavemadesixsaladswithwhatIthrewout.

Inaworldwherenearly800millionpeopleayeargohungry,“food

wastegoesagainstthemoralgrain,〃asElizabethRoytewritesinthis

monthscoverstory.Itsjaw-droppinghowmuchperfectlygoodfoodis

thrownaway一from"ugly”(butquiteeatable)vegetablesrejectedby

grocerstolargeamountsofuneatendishesthrownintorestaurantgarbage

cans.

Producingfoodthatnooneeatswastesthewater,fuel,andother

resourcesusedtogrowit.Thatmakesfoodwasteanenvironmentalproblem.

Infact,Roytewrites,〃iffoodwastewereacountry,itwouldbethethird

largestproducerofgreenhousegasesintheworld.〃

Ifthatshardtounderstand,letskeepitassimpleasthearugula

atthebackofmyrefrigerator.MikeCurtinseesmyarugulastoryallthe

time一butforhim,itsmorelike12bonesofdonatedstrawberries

nearingtheirlastdays.CurtinisCEOofDCCentralKitcheninWashington,

D.C.,whichrecoversfoodandturnsitintohealthymeals.Lastyearit

recoveredmorethan807,500poundsoffoodbytakingdonationsand

collectingblemished（有瑕疵的）producethatotherwisewouldhaverotted

infields.Andthestrawberries?Volunteerswillwash,cut,andfreeze

ordrythemforuseinmealsdowntheroad.

Suchmethodsseemobvious,yetsooftenwejustdontthink."Everyone

canplayapartinreducingwaste,whetherbynotpurchasingmorefood

thannecessaryinyourweeklyshoppingorbyaskingrestaurantstonot

includethesidedishyouwonteat,〃Curtinsays.

24.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbytellingthearugulastory?

A.Wepaylittleattentiontofoodwaste.B.Wewastefood

unintentionallyattimes.

C.Wewastemorevegetablesthanmeat.D.Wehavegoodreasonsfor

wastingfood.

25.Whatisaconsequenceoffoodwasteaccordingtothetest?

A.Moraldecline.B.Environmentalharm.

C.Energyshortage.D.Worldwidestarvation.

26.WhatdoesCurtinscompanydo?

A.Itproduceskitchenequipment.B.Itturnsrottenarugulainto

cleanfuel.

C.IthelpslocalfarmersgrowfruitsD.Itmakesmealsoutofunwanted

food.

27.WhatdoesCurtinsuggestpeopledo?

A.Buyonlywhatisneeded.B.Reducefoodconsumption.

C.Goshoppingonceaweek.D.Eatinrestaurantslessoften.

C

Theelderlyresidents（居民）incarehomesinLondonarebeinggiven

henstolookaftertostopthemfeelinglonely.

Theprojectwasdreamedupbyalocalcharity（慈善組織）toreduce

lonelinessandimproveelderlypeopleswellbeing,Itisalsobeingused

tohelppatientssufferingdementia,aseriousillnessofthemind.Staff

incarehomeshavereportedareductionintheuseofmedicinewherehens

areinuse.

Amongthosetakingpartintheprojectis80-year-oldRuthXavier.

Shesaid:"IusedtokeephenswhenIwasyoungerandhadtopreparetheir

breakfasteachmorningbeforeIwenttoschool.

〃Iliketheprojectalot.Iamdownthereinmywheelchairinthe

morninglettingthehensoutanddownthereagainatnighttoseetheyve

gonetobed.

“Itsgoodtohaveadifferentfocus.Peoplehavebeenbringingtheir

childrenintoseethehensandresidentscomeandsitoutsidetowatch

them.Imenjoyingthecreativeactivities,anditfeelsgreattohavedone

somethinguseful.〃

Therearenow700elderlypeoplelookingafterhensin20carehomes

intheNorthEast,andthecharityhasbeengivenfinancialsupportto

rollitoutcountrywide.

WendyWilson,extracaremanagerat60PenfoldStreet,oneofthefirst

toembarkontheproject,said:"Residentsreallywelcometheideaofthe

projectandthecreativesessions.Wearelookingforwardtothebenefits

andfuntheprojectcanbringtopeoplehere.〃

LynnLewis,directorofNottingHillPathways,said:〃Wearehappy

tobetakingpartintheproject.Itwillreallyhelpconnectourresidents

throughasharedinterestandcreativeactivities.〃

28.Whatisthepurposeoftheproject?

A.Toensureharmonyincarehomes.B.Toprovidepart-timejobsfor

theaged.

C.Toraisemoneyformedicalresearch.D.Topromotetheelderly

peopleswelfare.

29.HowhastheprojectaffectedRuthXavier?

A.Shehaslearnednewlifeskills.B.Shehasgainedasenseof

achievement.

C.Shehasrecoveredhermemory.D.Shehasdevelopedastrong

personality.

30.Whatdotheunderlinedwords"embarkon〃meaninparagraph7?

A.Improve.B.Oppose.C.Begin.D.Evaluate.

31.Whatcanwelearnabouttheprojectfromthelasttwoparagraphs?

A.Itiswellreceived.B.Itneedstobemorecreative.

C.Itishighlyprofitable.D.Ittakesagestoseetheresults.

D

Humanspeechcontainsmorethan2,000differentsounds,fromthe

common〃m〃and〃a〃totherareclicksofsomesouthernAfricanlanguages.

Butwhyarecertainsoundsmorecommonthanothers?Aground-breaking,

five-yearstudyshowsthatdiet-relatedchangesinhumanbiteledtonew

speechsoundsthatarenowfoundinhalftheworldslanguages.

Morethan30yearsago,thescholarCharlesHockettnotedthatspeech

soundscalledlabiodentals,suchas〃f〃and〃v〃，weremorecommoninthe

languagesofsocietiesthatatesofterfoods.Nowateamofresearchers

ledbyDamianBlasiattheUniversityofZurich,Switzerland,hasfound

howandwhythistrendarose.

Theydiscoveredthattheupperandlowerfrontteethofancienthuman

adultswerealigned（對(duì)齊），makingithardtoproducelabiodentals,which

areformedbytouchingthelowerliptotheupperteeth.Later,ourjaws

changedtoanoverbitestructure（結(jié)構(gòu)），makingiteasiertoproducesuch

sounds.

Theteamshowedthatthischangeinbitewasconnectedwiththe

developmentofagricultureintheNeolithicperiod.Foodbecameeasier

tochewatthispoint.Thejawbonedidnthavetodoasmuchworkandso

didntgrowtobesolarge.

Analysesofalanguagedatabasealsoconfirmedthattherewasaglobal

changeinthesoundofworldlanguagesaftertheNeolithicage,withthe

useof〃f〃and〃v〃increasingremarkablyduringthelastfewthousandyears.

Thesesoundsarestillnotfoundinthelanguagesofmanyhunter-gatherer

peopletoday.

Thisresearchoverturnsthepopularviewthatallhumanspeechsounds

werepresentwhenhumanbeingsevolvedaround300,000yearsago."Theset

ofspeechsoundsweusehasnotnecessarilyremainedstablesincethe

appearanceofhumanbeings,butratherthehugevarietyofspeechsounds

thatwefindtodayistheproductofacomplexinterplayofthingslike

biologicalchangeandculturalevolution,〃saidStevenMoran,amember

oftheresearchteam.

32.WhichaspectofthehumanspeechsounddoesDamianBlasisresearch

focuson?

A.Itsvariety.B.Itsdistribution.C.Itsquantity.D.Its

development.

33.Whywasitdifficultforancienthumanadultstoproduce

labiodentals?

A.Theyhadfewerupperteeththanlowerteeth.

B.Theycouldnotopenandclosetheirlipseasily.

C.Theirjawswerenotconvenientlystructured.

D.Theirlowerfrontteethwerenotlargeenough.

34.Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?

A.Supportingevidencefortheresearchresults.

B.Potentialapplicationoftheresearchfindings.

C.Afurtherexplanationoftheresearchmethods.

D.Areasonabledoubtabouttheresearchprocess.

35.WhatdoesStevenMoransayaboutthesetofhumanspeechsounds?

A.Itiskeytoeffectivecommunication.B.Itcontributesmuchto

culturaldiversity.

C.Itisacomplexanddynamicsystem.D.Itdrivestheevolutionof

humanbeings.

第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分12.5分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中

有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

FitnessMagazinerecentlyrananarticletitled"FiveReasonstoThank

YourWorkoutPartner.〃Onereasonwas:"Youllactuallyshowupifyouknow

someoneiswaitingforyouatthegym,〃whileanotherread:〃36〃With

aworkoutpartner,youwillincreaseyourtrainingeffortasthereisa

subtle（微妙）competition.

So,howdoyoufindaworkoutpartner?

Firstofall,decidewhatyouwantfromthatperson.37Ordoyoujust

wanttobephysicallyfit,abletomovewithstrengthandflexibility?

Thinkabouttheexercisesyouwouldliketodowithyourworkoutpartner.

Youmightthinkaboutpostingwhatyouarelookingforonsocialmedia,

butitprobablywontresultinausefulresponse.38Ifyouplanonworking

outinagym,thatpersonmustbelongtothesamegym.

Mypartnerpostedherrequestonthenoticeboardofalocalpark.

Hernoticeincludedwhatkindoftrainingshewantedtodo,howmanydays

aweekandhowmanyhoursshewantedtospendoneachsession,andher

age.Italsolistedherfavoritesportsandactivities,andprovidedher

phonenumber.39

Youandyourpartnerwillprobablyhavedifferentskills.40Overtime,

bothofyouwillbenefit一yourpartnerwillbeabletoliftmoreweights

andyouwillbecomemorephysicallyfit.Thecore（核心）ofyour

relationshipisthatyouwillalwaysbetheretohelpeachother.

A.Yourfirstmeetingmaybealittleawkward.

B.Aworkoutpartnerusuallyneedstolivecloseby.

C.Youllworkharderifyoutrainwithsomeoneelse.

D.Doyouwanttobeabetterathleteinyourfavoritesport?

E.Howcanyouwriteagood"seekingtrainingpartner"notice?

F.Justacceptyourdifferencesandlearntoworkwitheachother.

G.Anynoticeforatrainingpartnershouldincludesuchinformation.

第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處

的最佳選項(xiàng)。

Myhusband,ourchildrenandIhavehadwonderfulcampingexperiences

overthepasttenyears.

Someofour41arefunny,especiallyfromtheearlyyearswhenour

childrenwerelittle.Once,we42alongChalkCreek.Iwas43thatour

15~month-oldboywouldfallintothecreek（小溪）.Itiedaropearound

hiswaisttokeephimneartoourspot.Thatlastedabouttenminutes.

Hewas44,andhiscryingletthewholecampgroundknowit.So45tying

himup,Ijustkeptacloseeyeonhim.It46-hedidntendupinthe

creek.Mythree-year-old,however,did.

Anothertime,werentedaboatinVallecitoLake.Theskywasclear

whenwe47,butstormsmoveinfastinthemountains,andthisonequickly

48ourpeacefulmorningtrip.The49pickedupandthunderrolled.My

husbandstoppedfishingto50themotor.Nothing.Hetriedagain.No51.

Wewerestuckinthemiddleofthelakewithadeadmotor.Asweallsat

there52,afishermanpulledup,threwusaropeandtowed（拖）usback.

Wewere53.

Now,everyyearwhenmyhusbandpullsourcamperoutofthegarage,

wearefilledwithasenseof54,wonderingwhatcampingfunand55we

willexperiencenext.

41.A.ideasB.jokesC.memoriesD.discoveries

42.A.campedB.droveC.walkedD.cycled

43.A.annoyedB.surprisedC.disappointedD.worried

44.A.unhurtB.unfortunateC.uncomfortableD.unafraid

45.A.duetoB.insteadofC.apartfromD.asfor

46.A.workedB.happenedC.matteredD.changed

47.A.signedupB.calmeddownC.checkedoutD.headedoff

48.A.arrangedB.interruptedC.completedD.recorded

49.A.windB.noiseC.temperatureD.speed

50.A.findB.hideC.startD.fix

51.A.luckB.answerC.wonderD.signal

52.A.patientlyB.tirelesslyC.doubtfullyD.helplessly

53.A.sorryB.braveC.safeD.right

54.A.reliefB.dutyC.prideD.excitement

55.A.failureB.adventureC.performanceD.conflict

第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分15分)

閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

TheChinesegovernmentrecentlyfinalizedaplantosetupaGiant

PandaNationalPark(GPNP).56(cover)anareaaboutthreetimes57size

ofYellowstoneNationalPark,theGPNPwillbeoneofthefirstnational

parksinthecountry.Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificant

numberofareasthat58(be)previouslyunprotected,bringingmanyofthe

existingprotectedareasforgiantpandasunderoneauthority59

(increase)effectivenessandreduceinconsistenciesinmanagement.

Afterathree-yearpilotperiod,theGPNPwillbeofficiallysetup

nextyear.TheGPNP60（design）toreflecttheguidingprincipleof

^protectingtheauthenticityandintegrity（完整性）ofnaturalecosystems,

preservingbiologicaldiversity,protectingecologicalbufferzones,61

leavingbehindpreciousnaturalassets（資產(chǎn)）forfuturegenerations^.The

GPNPsmaingoalistoimproveconnectivitybetweenseparate62

（population）andhomesofgiantpandas,and63（eventual）achieveadesired

levelofpopulationinthewild.

Giantpandasalsoserve64anumbrellaspecies（物種），bringing

protectiontoahostofplantsandanimalsinthesouthwesternand

northwesternpartsofChina.TheGPNPisintendedtoprovidestronger

protectionforallthespecies65livewithintheGiantPandaRangeand

significantlyimprovethehealthoftheecosysteminthearea.

第四部分寫(xiě)作（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分40分）

第一節(jié)（滿(mǎn)分15分）

假定你是校廣播站英語(yǔ)節(jié)目"TalkandTalk”的負(fù)責(zé)人李華，請(qǐng)給外教

Caroline寫(xiě)郵件邀請(qǐng)她做一次訪(fǎng)談。內(nèi)容包括：

1.節(jié)目介紹；

2.訪(fǎng)談的時(shí)間和話(huà)題。

注意：

1.寫(xiě)作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；

2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

DearCaroline,

Yourssincerely,

LiHua

第二節(jié)（滿(mǎn)分25分）

閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整

的短文。

Itwasthedayofthebigcross-countryrun.Studentsfromseven

differentprimaryschoolsinandaroundthesmalltownwerewarmingup

andwalkingtheroute（路線(xiàn)）throughthickevergreenforest.

IlookedaroundandfinallyspottedDavid,whowasstandingbyhimself

offtothesidebyafence.Hewassmallfortenyearsold.Hisusualbig

toothysmilewasabsenttoday.Iwalkedoverandaskedhimwhyhewasnt

withtheotherchildren.Hehesitatedandthensaidhehaddecidednot

torun.

Whatwaswrong?Hehadworkedsohardforthisevent!

Iquicklysearchedthecrowdfortheschoolscoachandaskedhimwhat

hadhappened.〃Iwasafraidthatkidsfromotherschoolswouldlaughat

him,〃heexplaineduncomfortably.〃Igavehimthechoicetorunornot,

andlethimdecide.〃

Ibitbackmyfrustration（懊惱）.Iknewthecoachmeantwell一he

thoughthewasdoingtherightthing.AftermakingsurethatDavidcould

runifhewanted,Iturnedtofindhimcomingtowardsme,hissmallbody

rockingfromsidetosideasheswunghisfeetforward.

Davidhadabraindiseasewhichpreventedhimfromwalkingorrunning

likeotherchildren,butatschoolhisclassmatesthoughtofhimasa

regularkid.Healwaysparticipatedtothebestofhisabilityinwhatever

theyweredoing.Thatwaswhynoneofthechildrenthoughtitunusualthat

Davidhaddecidedtojointhecross-countryteam.Itjusttookhimlonger

一that?sall.Davidhadnotmissedasinglepractice,andalthoughhe

alwaysfinishedhisrunlongaftertheotherchildren,hedidalwaysfinish.

Asaspecialeducationteacherattheschool,Iwasfamiliarwiththe

challengesDavidfacedandwasproudofhisstrongdetermination.

注意：

1.續(xù)寫(xiě)詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；

2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答.

Wesatdownnexttoeachother,butDavidwouldntlookatme.

IwatchedasDavidmoveduptothestartinglinewiththeother

runners.

新高考全國(guó)I卷英語(yǔ)試卷答案

本試卷共10頁(yè)，滿(mǎn)分120分?？荚囉脮r(shí)120分鐘。

注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必用黑色字跡鋼筆或簽字筆將自己的姓名、

考生號(hào)、考場(chǎng)號(hào)和座位號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。用2B鉛筆將試卷類(lèi)型(A)填涂在答題

卡相應(yīng)位置上。將條形碼橫貼在答題卡右上角“條形碼粘貼處”。因筆試不考聽(tīng)

力，選擇題從第二部分的“閱讀”開(kāi)始，試題序號(hào)從“21”開(kāi)始。

2.作答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目選項(xiàng)

的答案信息點(diǎn)涂黑;如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案，答案不能答

在試卷上。

3.非選擇題必須用黑色字跡鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫(xiě)在答題卡各題

目指定區(qū)域內(nèi)相應(yīng)位置上;如高改動(dòng)，先劃掉原來(lái)的答案，然后再寫(xiě)上新的答案;

不準(zhǔn)使用鉛筆和涂改液，不按以上要求作答的答案無(wú)效。

4.考生必須保持答題卡的整潔：考試結(jié)束后，將試卷和符題卡一并交回。

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分37.5分）

1.C2.B3.A4.B5.B6.D7.A8.D9.B10.C11.A12.D13.

C14.A15.C

第二節(jié)（共5小題：每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分12.5分）

16.C17.D18.B19.G20.F

第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分）

21.C22.A23.D24.C25.B26.A27.D28.B29.A30.C31.A32.

D33.C34.D35.B

第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分15分）

36.Covering

37.the

38.were

39.toincrease

40.isdesigned

41.and

42.populations

43.eventually

44.as

45.that

第四部分寫(xiě)作（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分40分）

第一節(jié)（滿(mǎn)分15分）

【答案】DearCaroline,

ThisismyfirsttimethatIhaveinvitedyoutoattendourprogram

一TalkandTalk.ItistenyearssinceTalkandTalkwasestablished.This

isanamazingprogramwhereyoucanshareyourideaswithstudents.Now,

whenhavingtroubleinlearningEnglishwell,plentyofstudentsurgeto

knowhowtodealwithit.Asourdistinguishedforeignlanguageteacher,

youraidcanhelpusalot.