譯林版高中英語(yǔ)選擇性必修第三冊(cè)模塊整合訓(xùn)練含答案

模塊整合訓(xùn)練第一部分閱讀第一節(jié)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AAward-winningauthor,SandyLynneHolman,isvisitingourcommunity.Weneedyoursupport!WeareveryexcitedtoannouncethatweareintheprocessofinvitingSandyLynneHolman,thewell-knownauthorofGrandpa,IsEverythingBlackBad？，tovisitourcommunity.Sandyisadynamicspeakerwhohasthespecialgiftofconnectingwithpeopleofallbackgrounds,especiallytheyouth.WewouldliketohaveSandyworkwithourorganizationsothatouryouthcanbenefitfromallshehastooffer.Sandyfocusesonteachingyoungpeopletorespecttheirelders,thosewhocomefromdifferentbackgrounds,andtolearnabouttheworldthroughliterature.HerworkhasbeenhonoredintheSchoolLibraryJournal,Writer'sDigest,TheLosAngelesTimes,and“TheTodayShow”．Shehasanexcellentreputationformakingthedayanexcitingexperienceforall.WeareaskingforyourhelpinbringingSandytoourcommunitybymakingasmallfinancialormaterialdonation.Yourorganizationcanmakecontributionstowardsherspeakingfee,hotelroom,transportation,andmeals.Inaddition,oralternatively,youcanmakecontributionstowardsthepurchaseofsomeofherbooksfortheyouth.WeareinvitingthemediatoparticipateinourvisitwithSandy.OrganizationsthatmakecontributionstowardsSandy'svisitwillhaveanopportunityforacknowledgmentandpositiveexposureinthemedia.Wewillalsosendanotehometoparentsacknowledginganydonationswehavereceived.IfyouwouldliketosupportourspecialdaywithSandy,pleasecallusoryoumayalsocontactthepublisherandaskforMarkMiller.Sandywillalsobeautographing(在……上簽名)children'sbooksandshecanmakeapersonalizedcommentonbehalfofthedonatingorganization,ifdesired.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章作者號(hào)召社區(qū)成員捐款邀請(qǐng)著名獲獎(jiǎng)作家SandyLynneHolman來(lái)訪問(wèn)社區(qū)。1．WhatwillSandybeexpectedtodo?A．Todeliveralecture.B．Tomakeadonation.C．Toattend“TheTodayShow”．D．Tovisiteldersattheirhomes.A[推斷判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“Sandyisadynamicspeakerwhohasthespecialgiftofconnectingwithpeopleofallbackgrounds,especiallytheyouth.”(Sandy是一個(gè)充滿(mǎn)活力的演講者，她有一種特殊的天賦，能與各種背景的人，尤其是年輕人建立聯(lián)系。)和第三段的“Yourorganizationcanmakecontributionstowardsherspeakingfee,hotelroom,transportation,andmeals.”(你的組織可以為她提供演講費(fèi)、住宿費(fèi)、交通費(fèi)和餐費(fèi)。)可知，Sandy將發(fā)表演講。故選A。]2．Whatkindofsupportwillbeneeded?A．AdvertisingSandy'svisit.B．Makingapersonalizedcomment.CBuyingtheyouthsomeofSandy'sbooks.D．Tryingtobeavolunteerinthecommunity.C[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Yourorganizationcanmakecontributionstowardsherspeakingfee,hotelroom,transportation,andmeals.Inaddition,oralternatively,youcanmakecontributionstowardsthepurchaseofsomeofherbooksfortheyouth.”(你的組織可以為她的演講費(fèi)、酒店房間、交通工具和餐飲費(fèi)捐款。此外，或者，你也可以為年輕人購(gòu)買(mǎi)她的一些書(shū)做出貢獻(xiàn)。)可知，需要的支持包括，為Sandy提供一些費(fèi)用，以及為年輕人購(gòu)買(mǎi)一些Sandy的書(shū)籍。故選C。]3．Whomightbetheauthorofthetext?A．Asocialmediareporter.B．Amemberofthecommunity.C．Awriterofchildren'sbooks.D．Anexcellentyouthspeaker.B[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“WeareaskingforyourhelpinbringingSandytoourcommunitybymakingasmallfinancialormaterialdonation.”(我們希望通過(guò)小額捐款或物質(zhì)捐贈(zèng)的方法你能幫助我們把Sandy請(qǐng)到我們的社區(qū)。)可推斷，這篇文章的作者是這個(gè)社區(qū)的一個(gè)成員。故選B。]BTheGurugram-basedstartupRivigowasfoundedin2014byDeepakGarg.Thecentralobjectiveofthenowbillion-dollarcompanywastocreateamodelwherenotruckdriverwoulddriveformorethan5－6hoursatastretchandwouldreachhomethesameday.Lookingtobuildacompany,Deepakrealizedthattheriseofe-commercehaddramaticallyincreasedthedemandfortrucks,yetinIndiatheindustrywasstrugglingwithashortageofdrivers.Howcouldthisbeinacountryofoverabillionpeoplewithahighunemploymentrate—despitehealthywagesfortruckdrivers?Tosolvethispuzzle,Deepakvisitedsmallvillageswheremanytruckdriverscouldbefound.Duringhisone-on-oneconversationshediscoveredthatsincetruckdriversarealmostalwaysontheroad,theyoftendevelopbadhabitssuchasheavydrinking.Partlybecauseofthis,fewvillagerswantedasontobecomeatruckdriveroradaughtertomarryone.What,then,wasthesolution?Coulditbetobringthedriversbacktotheirhomeseverynight?Thatcouldwork—buthowcouldhemakeithappenifatrucker'striptookthreeorfourdays?Arelayservice,Deepakrealized,couldsolvetheproblem.Effectively,hebuilttruckstopsfourhoursapartalongaselectedroute.AdrivercouldgofrompointAtopointB,drophistruckthereandpickupanothertrucktodrivefromBbacktoA．AnotherdriverinturnwouldpickupthetruckfromBandtakeittopointC,andsoon.Thisnotonlybroughtdrivershomeeachnight,butcreatedgreatvalueforlogistics(物流)companies.Atruckthatwaspreviouslyusedforonly10to12hoursaday,allowingdriverstohavetimetosleepandeat,couldnowoperateformorethan20hours,cuttingtotaldeliverytimebyalmosthalf.Tobesure,there'salotoftechnologybehindthescene.Butthefounderstronglybelievesbeinghumane(人道的)aboveanythingelseisthebiggestfactorthatdistinguisheshimfromthecommoncrowd.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章通過(guò)一種卡車(chē)運(yùn)輸新模式，引發(fā)對(duì)卡車(chē)司機(jī)這份職業(yè)和對(duì)卡車(chē)?yán)玫膯?wèn)題。Deepak為了解決問(wèn)題，積極思考并采取行動(dòng)，最終成功解決卡車(chē)司機(jī)短缺的問(wèn)題。4．WhatwasthemainpurposeofRivigo?A．Toincreasethesaleoftrucks.B．Tomaketruckdrivingmorehumane.C．Tohelptruckdriversgetoutofbadhabits.D．Toestablishawidere-commercenetwork.B[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“TheGurugram-basedstartupRivigowasfoundedin2014byDeepakGarg.Thecentralobjectiveofthenowbillion-dollarcompanywastocreateamodelwherenotruckdriverwoulddriveformorethan5-6hoursatastretchandwouldreachhomethesameday.”(總部位于Gurugram的新興公司Rivigo由DeepakGarg于2014年創(chuàng)立。這家現(xiàn)在價(jià)值數(shù)十億美元的公司的核心目標(biāo)是創(chuàng)建一種模式，在這個(gè)模式下，沒(méi)有卡車(chē)司機(jī)會(huì)連續(xù)行駛超過(guò)5～6個(gè)小時(shí)，并且會(huì)當(dāng)天回家。)和最后一段中“Butthefounderstronglybelievesbeinghumaneaboveanythingelseisthebiggestfactorthatdistinguisheshimfromthecommoncrowd.”(但這位創(chuàng)始人堅(jiān)信，人道高于一切是他區(qū)別于普通人群的最大因素。)可知，Rivigo的主要目的是控制卡車(chē)駕駛時(shí)間，確保司機(jī)當(dāng)天到家，使卡車(chē)駕駛更人性化。故選B項(xiàng)。]5．Whatistherootcauseoftheshortageoftruckdrivers?A．Theyearnalowwage.B．Theyeasilybecomeunemployed.C．Theyareoftenawayfromhome.D．Theyhavetooverworkfrequently.C[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Duringhisone-on-oneconversationshediscoveredthatsincetruckdriversarealmostalwaysontheroad,theyoftendevelopbadhabitssuchasheavydrinking.”(在他的一對(duì)一談話中，他發(fā)現(xiàn)由于卡車(chē)司機(jī)幾乎總是在路上，他們經(jīng)常養(yǎng)成壞習(xí)慣，比如酗酒。)可知，卡車(chē)司機(jī)總是在路上，總是在工作，經(jīng)常離開(kāi)家。這是卡車(chē)司機(jī)短缺的根本原因。故選C項(xiàng)。]6．HowcanDeepak'smodelbenefitlogisticscompanies?A．Itmakesbetteruseoftrucks.B．Itcutsthecostsofhiringdrivers.C．Itimproveslogisticstechnologygreatly.D．Itsavesthemthetroubleofbuildingtruckstops.A[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Atruckthatwaspreviouslyusedforonly10to12hoursaday,allowingdriverstohavetimetosleepandeat,couldnowoperateformorethan20hours,cuttingtotaldeliverytimebyalmosthalf.”(以前每天只使用10到12個(gè)小時(shí)的卡車(chē)，讓司機(jī)有時(shí)間睡覺(jué)和吃飯，現(xiàn)在可以運(yùn)行超過(guò)20個(gè)小時(shí)，將總交付時(shí)間縮短了近一半。)可知，Deepak的模式延長(zhǎng)了卡車(chē)使用的時(shí)間、縮短交付時(shí)間，使物流公司更好地利用卡車(chē)。故選A項(xiàng)。]7．WhatisthemessagemainlyexpressedinDeepak'sstory?A．Havingagoalisvitaltosuccess.B．Experiencehelpstopromoteexcellence.C．Positivethinkingandactionresultinsuccess.D．Onecannotsucceedwithouttimeandpractice.C[主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Tosolvethispuzzle,Deepakvisitedsmallvillageswheremanytruckdriverscouldbefound.”(為了解決這個(gè)難題，Deepak造訪了可以找到許多卡車(chē)司機(jī)的小村莊。)及第四段“Arelayservice,Deepakrealized,couldsolvetheproblem.”(Deepak意識(shí)到，中繼服務(wù)可以解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題。)可知，Deepak為了解決問(wèn)題，積極思考并采取行動(dòng)，最終成功解決卡車(chē)司機(jī)短缺的問(wèn)題。故選C項(xiàng)。]C“Eatingtogether”isastatementthatdoctorsuseregularlywhentheytalkwithfamiliesaboutmaintainingnormalweight.Childrenwhoeatregularfamilymealstendtohavelowerratesofobesity.Anewstudytakesalookatwhy.AteamledbyJericaBergeaskedthefamiliesof120childrentorecordeightdaysofmeals.Berge'steamsortedtheinteractionsoccurringatthetableintotwobroadgroups—thoserelatingtotheemotionalatmosphereatthemeal,suchashowmuchthefamilymembersseemedtobeenjoyingthetimetogether,andhowmanyuncomfortablesilencesoccurred—andthoseinvolvingfoodspecially,suchashowmanyunpleasantfeelingsemergedfromdiscussionsaboutfood,andhowmuchtheparentscontrolledwhatandhowmuchchildrenate.Childrenwhowereoverweighthadfamilymealsthatincludedmorenegativeemotionalinteractionscomparedtochildrenwhoweren'toverweight.Theirmealstendedtohaveawarmer,morecommunicativeatmosphere.Forexample,thesechildrenwereencouragedtoeatfoodstogetstrongerorrunfaster,whileheavierchildrenexperiencedmorenegativepressuresincludingthreatsandbeingmadetofeelguiltyaboutthosewhocan'taffordtoeatthreemealsaday.Ifparentstalkedconstantlythroughoutthemealaboutfood,andlecturedthechildrenabouthomeworkorattemptedtocontrolwhatthechildrenate,theyoungsterswerealsomorelikelytobeheavy.Also,theresearchersfoundheavierchildrentendedtohaveshortermeals.Inthemeantime,thecurrentdatasuggeststhatsimplysittingdownatthesametableatthesametimeisn'tenoughtoinfluenceobesity.Andit'suptofamilydoctorstohelpfamiliesunderstandhowtotakefulladvantageofbreakingbreadtogether.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要討論和父母一起吃飯對(duì)兒童體重的影響。8．WhatweresortedintotwogroupsbyBerge'steam?A．Foodsservedatthreemeals.B．Conversationshappeningduringdinner.C．Featuresoffamilymealsinfluencingweight.D．Feelingsemergingfromdiscussionsaboutfood.C[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“‘Eatingtogether’isastatementthatdoctorsuseregularlywhentheytalkwithfamiliesaboutmaintainingnormalweight.Childrenwhoeatregularfamilymealstendtohavelowerratesofobesity.Anewstudytakesalookatwhy.”(“一起吃飯”是醫(yī)生在與家人談?wù)摫３终ｓw重時(shí)經(jīng)常使用的聲明。定期吃家庭餐的兒童往往肥胖率較低。一項(xiàng)新的研究探討了原因。)及第二段“Berge'steamsortedtheinteractionsoccurringatthetableintotwobroadgroups...”(Berge的團(tuán)隊(duì)將餐桌上發(fā)生的互動(dòng)分為兩大類(lèi)……)可知，Berge的團(tuán)隊(duì)為了探討吃家庭餐的兒童往往肥胖率較低的原因，將影響孩子體重的家庭用餐特點(diǎn)分為兩類(lèi)。故選C項(xiàng)。]9．Whatdidparentswithnon-obesechildrendoatthetable?A．Theytoldthechildrentoeattogethealthy.B．Theytalkedwiththechildrenabouthomework.C．Theylecturedthechildrenabouttreasuringfood.D．Theyaskedthechildrentofinishmealsquickly.A[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Theirmealstendedtohaveawarmer,morecommunicativeatmosphere.Forexample,thesechildrenwereencouragedtoeatfoodstogetstrongerorrunfaster,whileheavierchildrenexperiencedmorenegativepressuresincludingthreatsandbeingmadetofeelguiltyaboutthosewhocan'taffordtoeatthreemealsaday.”(他們用餐時(shí)往往有一個(gè)更溫馨，更注重溝通的氛圍。例如，這些孩子被鼓勵(lì)吃食物以變得更強(qiáng)壯或跑得更快，而超重的孩子則經(jīng)歷了更多的負(fù)面壓力，包括威脅，并對(duì)那些無(wú)法負(fù)擔(dān)一日三餐的人感到內(nèi)疚。)可知，父母和不胖的孩子的餐桌氛圍是溫馨的，更注重溝通。父母會(huì)告訴孩子吃東西可以變強(qiáng)壯、跑得快、變健康。故選A項(xiàng)。]10．Whatkindoftipshouldfamilydoctorsofferfamilies?A．Cookingdeliciousmeals.B．Dietinginahealthymanner.C．Creatingsharedconversationtopics.D．Makinggooduseofdiningtogether.D[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Andit'suptofamilydoctorstohelpfamiliesunderstandhowtotakefulladvantageofbreakingbreadtogether.”(家庭醫(yī)生有責(zé)任幫助家庭了解如何充分利用一起吃飯的優(yōu)勢(shì)。)可知，家庭醫(yī)生給家庭的小貼士是：充分利用一起吃飯的機(jī)會(huì)。故選D項(xiàng)。]11．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．HowObesitySpreadsAcrossFamilyMembersB．WhyMoreChildrenAreBecomingOverweightC．WhyParentsShouldEatTogetherwithChildrenD．HowDiningwithParentsAffectsObesityinKidsD[標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容可知，文章主要討論在家和父母一起吃飯對(duì)兒童體重的影響。故文章標(biāo)題為：與父母一起用餐如何影響孩子的肥胖。故選D項(xiàng)。]DAt3：30a．m.EDTonApril19,theIngenuityhelicopter—whichlandedonMarswiththePerseverancerover(漫游者)inFebruary—tookofffromtheMartiansurface.Moreimportantly,itcircledforabout30seconds,threemetersabovethesurfaceandcamerightbackdownagain.Itmaynotsoundlikeahugeachievement,butitis.Ingenuity'sflightisthefirstpoweredflightofanaircraftonanotherplanet.Itmarksthemilestoneinthestoryofhumanspaceexploration.Thereareseveraltechnologicalchallengestoconducthelicopterflightinanotherworld.First,andmoresignificantly,helicoptersneedanatmospheretofly.Theblades(槳葉),or“rotors”ofahelicoptermustspin(旋轉(zhuǎn))fastenoughtogenerateaforcecalled“l(fā)ift”．Butliftcanonlybegeneratedinthepresenceofsomekindofatmosphere.WhileMarsdoeshaveanatmosphere,it'smuch,muchthinnerthanEarth's—about100timesthinner,infact.FlyingIngenuityinMar'satmosphereisthereforetheequivalent(對(duì)等物)offlyingahelicopteronEarthataheightof100，000feet.Forreference,commercialaircraftflybetween30，000－40，000feetabovetheEarth'ssurfaceandthehighestwe'veeverbeeninahelicopteronEarthis42，000feet.Thenthere'stheMartiangravitytoconsider.Itisaboutone-thirdthestrengthofgravityonEarth,whichmeanswe'dbeabletoliftIngenuitywithlesspowerthanitwouldberequiredhere.ButwhileMars'gravityworkstoouradvantage,thisiscancelledoutbythelackofatmosphere.Evensendingthesignalfortheflighttobeginrequiredacollectionofadvancedtechnology.WhileitonlyrequiresminutesforradiosignalstotravelbetweenEarthandMars,therewasstilladelayofhoursforthosesignalstoreachthehelicopter.AllthesethingsrequireIngenuitytobelightenough.Actually,itweighslessthan4pounds,standsjust1.6feettall,andcarriesbatteries,heatersandsensors.Besides,itstworotorshadtospinabout2，400revolutionsperminute—fivetimesfasterthanonEarth.Wheninflight,Ingenuity'sshadowgivestheimpressionofoversized,four-wingeddragonfly.Butthetinycraftissettomakeanenormousimpactonspaceexploration.“Sojourner'stechnicalexposurein1997gaveNASAtheguaranteeoffuturepilots.WhattheIngenuityteamhasdonehasgivenusanewchance.Ithinkthat'sthewaywebuildthefuture，”saidJPLdirectorMichaelWatkins.Inaddition,WatkinsbelievesthatIngenuityisexpectedtolaythefoundationformoreantigravityspacecraftcapableofexploringotherworldsinatotallynewway.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要講述了“獨(dú)創(chuàng)”號(hào)直升機(jī)首次在火星上飛行，以及其在火星上飛行所需要的突破性技術(shù)。12．Whichofthefollowingisofextraordinarysignificanceaccordingtotheauthor?A．TheIngenuityhelicopterlandedonMarssuccessfully.B.TheIngenuityhelicoptermadeitsfirstflightonMars.C.TheIngenuityhelicopterstayedonMarsforalongtime.D．TheIngenuityhelicoptertravelledbetweenMarsandEarth.B[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Itmaynotsoundlikeahugeachievement,butitis.Ingenuity'sflightisthefirstpoweredflightofanaircraftonanotherplanet.Itmarksthemilestoneinthestoryofhumanspaceexploration.”(這聽(tīng)起來(lái)可能不是一個(gè)巨大的成就，但它是。這是飛行器在另一個(gè)星球上的首次機(jī)動(dòng)飛行。它標(biāo)志著人類(lèi)太空探索史上的一個(gè)里程碑。)可知“獨(dú)創(chuàng)”號(hào)直升機(jī)首次在火星上飛行。故選B。]13．WhatcanwelearnaboutMars'atmosphere?A．ItcanhardlyprovidealiftforIngenuitytofly.B．It'snotsafeforIngenuitytoflyhighandfast.C．It'stoothintokeepIngenuitystableintheair.D．ItcanonlyraiseIngenuitytoaheightof100，000feet.A[推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Butliftcanonlybegeneratedinthepresenceofsomekindofatmosphere.WhileMarsdoeshaveanatmosphere,it'smuch,muchthinnerthanEarth's—about100timesthinner,infact.”(但是升力只能在有某種大氣存在的情況下產(chǎn)生。雖然火星確實(shí)有大氣層，但它比地球要薄得多——事實(shí)上，大約比地球稀薄100倍。)以及文章第四段“FlyingIngenuityinMar'satmosphereisthereforetheequivalentofflyingahelicopteronEarthataheightof100，000feet.Forreference,commercialaircraftflybetween30，000－40，000feetabovetheEarth'ssurfaceandthehighestwe'veeverbeeninahelicopteronEarthis42，000feet.”(因此，在火星大氣層中進(jìn)行飛行相當(dāng)于在地球上10萬(wàn)英尺的高空駕駛一架直升機(jī)。作為參考，商用飛機(jī)在地球表面上空3萬(wàn)～4萬(wàn)英尺之間飛行，我們?cè)诘厍蛏铣俗碾x地面最高的直升機(jī)是4.2萬(wàn)英尺。)可知，火星大氣層幾乎不能為“獨(dú)創(chuàng)”號(hào)直升機(jī)提供飛行的動(dòng)力。故選A。]14．Whatcanweknowfromparagraph3toparagraph6?A．HowIngenuityperformedduringtheflight.B．WhyIngenuity'sflightonMarsisabigdeal.C．HowIngenuitysurvivedthetoughconditionsofMars.D．WhatcontributedtothesuccessfulflightofIngenuity.B[推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段的“Thereareseveraltechnologicalchallengestoconducthelicopterflightinanotherworld.First,andmoresignificantly,helicoptersneedanatmospheretofly.”(在另一個(gè)世界進(jìn)行直升機(jī)飛行有幾個(gè)技術(shù)挑戰(zhàn)。首先，更重要的是，直升機(jī)需要大氣層才能飛行。)；文章第四段的“FlyingIngenuityinMar'satmosphereisthereforetheequivalentofflyingahelicopteronEarthataheightof100，000feet.”(在火星大氣層飛行相當(dāng)于在地球上離地面10萬(wàn)英尺高空飛行的直升機(jī)。)；文章第五段的“Thenthere'stheMartiangravitytoconsider.”(然后還要考慮火星的重力。)；以及第六段的“Evensendingthesignalfortheflighttobeginrequiredacollectionofadvancedtechnology.”(即使是發(fā)射信號(hào)讓飛行開(kāi)始也需要一套先進(jìn)的技術(shù))可知，文章第三段到第六段主要講解的是為什么“獨(dú)創(chuàng)”號(hào)在火星上的飛行是一件大事。故選B。]15．WhydidMichaelWatkinsmentionSojourner?A．ToexplainhowitsmissiondiffersfromIngenuity's.B．ToshowtechnologicalprogressinMarsexploration.C．TostressthesignificanceofIngenuity'sflightonMars.D．Toillustratetheimpactofspaceexplorationonfutureflight.D[推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段的“Sojourner'stechnicalexposurein1997gaveNASAtheguaranteeoffuturepilots.WhattheIngenuityteamhasdonehasgivenusanewchance.Ithinkthat'sthewaywebuildthefuture.”(1997年，“旅居者”的技術(shù)接觸給了NASA未來(lái)飛行員的保障?！蔼?dú)創(chuàng)”號(hào)團(tuán)隊(duì)的工作給了我們一個(gè)新的機(jī)會(huì)。我認(rèn)為這就是我們創(chuàng)造未來(lái)的方式。)可知，邁克爾·沃特金斯提到“旅居者”是為了說(shuō)明太空探索對(duì)未來(lái)飛行的影響。故選D。]第二節(jié)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Onthelastdayofeachyear,ithasbecomeaceremonyforlargecrowdstogatherinthebrightlylitchaosofNewYork'sTimesSquaretoringinnewbeginnings.16Atthestrokeofmidnight,thecrowderuptintoloudcheers.17Becauseofthecoronaviruspandemic,noonewasallowedtogatherinperson,buttherewillbeavirtualeventforthosewantingtowatchitathome.ThismarkedthefirstyearthatcrowdswereprohibitedfromflockingtoTimesSquare.ThoughtheballdropwascanceledfortwoyearsduringWorldWarⅡ，peoplestillcametoobservethetraditionandholdaminuteofsilence.Overthepastcentury,theshiningballhasevolvedfromanironandwoodcagedecoratedwithlightbulbstoacolorfulcrystalobject.18TheTimesSquareballbeganthankstoametalworker,namedJacobStarrandtheformerNewYorkTimespublisher,AdolphOchs.In1907OchscommissionedStarr,whoworkedforsign-makingfirmStraussSignstocreateanewvisualdisplay.Thenewconceptwasbasedontimeballs,nautical(航海的)devicesthathadgainedpopularityinthe19thcentury.Astime-tellingbecamemoreprecise,shipnavigators(領(lǐng)航員)neededastandardizedwaytosettheirchronometers(精密計(jì)時(shí)表).Eachday,harborsandobservatorieswouldraiseandlowerametalballatthesametimetoallowsailorstosettheirclockstomatchtheball.19ThoughManhattanhadbeenpartiallylitbyelectricitysincetheearly1880s,halfoftheAmericanhomeswerestilllitbygaslightsandcandlesuntilthe1920s.20Itwasinstantlypopular.A．Itseemsyouhavetimetochangeyourlife.B．Cityofficialsbannedfireworksafterjustafewyears.C．Lastyear,however,theTimesSquareballdroppedtoemptystreets.D．ManypeoplemightwonderhowthisNewYear'sEvecelebrationstarted.E．At11：59p．m.ashiningballdropsdownapole,whileattendeescountdownfrom60.F．OchswasinspiredbytheWesternUnionBuilding,whichdroppedatimeballeachdayatnoon.G．Thesightofashiningballloweringdownfromthedarkskieswouldhaveseemedfascinating.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章描述了紐約時(shí)代廣場(chǎng)的迎新年倒計(jì)時(shí)球的轉(zhuǎn)變。16．E[根據(jù)前文“Onthelastdayofeachyear,ithasbecomeaceremonyforlargecrowdstogatherinthebrightlylitchaosofNewYork'sTimesSquaretoringinnewbeginnings.”(在每年的最后一天，這已經(jīng)成為一個(gè)儀式，大量的人群聚集在燈火通明的紐約時(shí)代廣場(chǎng)，(等待著)新年(鐘聲的敲響)的開(kāi)始。)可知，此處說(shuō)明了人們?cè)诩~約時(shí)代廣場(chǎng)集結(jié)的目的，因而空白處可以敘述在鐘聲臨近敲響時(shí)，人們會(huì)做什么。選項(xiàng)E“At11：59p．m.ashiningballdropsdownapole,whileattendeescountdownfrom60.”(晚上11點(diǎn)59分，一個(gè)閃亮的球從桿子上掉下來(lái)，參加者從60開(kāi)始倒數(shù)。)符合題意，故選E。]17．C[根據(jù)后文“Becauseofthecoronaviruspandemic,noonewasallowedtogatherinperson,buttherewillbeavirtualeventforthosewantingtowatchitathome.”(由于冠狀病毒的流行，沒(méi)有人被允許聚集，但是對(duì)于那些想在家里觀看的人來(lái)說(shuō)，將會(huì)有一個(gè)虛擬的事件。)可知，因?yàn)橐咔閺V場(chǎng)聚集變成了虛擬的事情，所以空白處應(yīng)該描述是疫情帶給時(shí)代廣場(chǎng)的變化。選項(xiàng)C“Lastyear,however,theTimesSquareballdroppedtoemptystreets.”(然而，去年時(shí)代廣場(chǎng)的球掉到了空蕩蕩的街道上。)與文意邏輯一致，故選C。]18．D[根據(jù)前文“Overthepastcentury,theshiningballhasevolvedfromanironandwoodcagedecoratedwithlightbulbstoacolorfulcrystalobject.”(在過(guò)去的一個(gè)世紀(jì)里，這個(gè)閃亮的球從一個(gè)裝飾著燈泡的鐵和木制籠子演變成了一個(gè)五彩繽紛的水晶物體。)提到了球的形式的轉(zhuǎn)變，結(jié)合前文的描述，到最后一分鐘時(shí)，會(huì)有球從桿子上掉下，然后人們倒數(shù)。所以隨著球的形式的轉(zhuǎn)變，接下來(lái)可以描述人們很想知道慶祝將會(huì)如何進(jìn)行。選項(xiàng)D“ManypeoplemightwonderhowthisNewYear'sEvecelebrationstarted.”(很多人可能想知道，這個(gè)新年前夜的慶?；顒?dòng)是怎么開(kāi)始的。)符合題意，故選D。]19．F[根據(jù)前文“TheTimesSquareballbeganthankstoametalworker,namedJacobStarrandtheformerNewYorkTimespublisher,AdolphOchs.”(時(shí)代廣場(chǎng)的倒計(jì)時(shí)球(的形式改變)得益于一位金屬工人，他叫雅各布·斯塔爾，還有前《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》出版人阿道夫·奧克斯。)所以空白處可以描述這樣的改變時(shí)如何發(fā)生的。選項(xiàng)F“OchswasinspiredbytheWesternUnionBuilding,whichdroppedatimeballeachdayatnoon.”(奧克斯的靈感來(lái)源于西部聯(lián)合大廈，它每天中午投下一個(gè)時(shí)間球。)與文意相符，故選F。]20．G[根據(jù)前文“ThoughManhattanhadbeenpartiallylitbyelectricitysincetheearly1880s,halfoftheAmericanhomeswerestilllitbygaslightsandcandlesuntilthe1920s.”(雖然曼哈頓從19世紀(jì)80年代早期就開(kāi)始部分通電，但是直到20世紀(jì)20年代，一半的美國(guó)家庭仍然用煤氣燈和蠟燭照明。)下文“Itwasinstantlypopular.”(它一下子就火了。)聯(lián)系前文段落敘述倒計(jì)時(shí)球的轉(zhuǎn)變，后文It此處指代的就是倒計(jì)時(shí)球，所以空白處可描述當(dāng)這個(gè)新的倒計(jì)時(shí)球開(kāi)始時(shí)，現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的氣勢(shì)很迷人。選擇G“Thesightofashiningballloweringdownfromthedarkskieswouldhaveseemedfascinating.”(從黑暗的天空降落下來(lái)的一個(gè)閃亮的球的景象，看起來(lái)很迷人。)與文意相符，故選G。]第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用第一節(jié)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。ForAdamHarvison,itallstartedwithanelectricwheelchair.Hehad21fromhisarmycareerin2013withonegoal:toworkwithotherveterans(老兵).Hegotajobhelping22veteransinLasVegasfindhousing.Thencameaphonecallaboutthe23．Someonewantedtodonateitonlytoveteransinneed.Adammadesurethathappened.Fromthere,word24．“Peoplejuststartedcallingme，”Adamsays.“Hospitalsandotherorganizationssay,‘Wehaveausedone.Canyouuseit？’Itall25thefoundingofHarvisonHouse.”Adam26thisnon-profitorganizationin2017toprovidelow-incomeveteranswith27fortheirhomes.Adamandhisteamofvolunteers28thedonateditems,cleanandrepairthem,andthensendthemtoveteransinneed.Whileotherorganizationscanprovidethemwith29，theycan'talwaysprovidethemwithsofas,bedsandkitchentables,whichare30partsofahome.“Ifsomeonejuststaresatfourwalls,theyfeelliketheyhavenothingatall.”Adamsays.“Wegivethemaplacewheretheyfeel31．”Afterthedonatedfurniturehasbeen32，aphotoofitsnewhomeissenttothepersonwhodonatedit,alongwithaletterof33．Adambelievesthatthepersonal34makesadifference.“Wedon't35atall，”hesays.“Butwithin20minutes,Icouldgetthreephonecallswithoffersforfurniture.”【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述亞當(dāng)退休后，為幫助無(wú)家可歸的老兵，創(chuàng)辦了為老兵捐獻(xiàn)舊家具的非營(yíng)利組織。21．A.escapedB．withdrawnC．retired D．rescuedC[考查動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)“Hehadfromhisarmycareerin2013withonegoal:toworkwithotherveterans.”中的“fromhisarmycareerin2013”可推知，亞當(dāng)在2013年就退休了，故選C項(xiàng)。]22．A.homeless B．disabledC．elderly D．hopelessA[考查形容詞。根據(jù)“Wegivethemaplacewheretheyfeel．”可知，亞當(dāng)想要為老兵提供住宿，故推知這些老兵無(wú)家可歸，故選A項(xiàng)。]23．A.television B．cupboardC．a(chǎn)partment D．wheelchairD[考查名詞。根據(jù)“ForAdamHarvison,itallstartedwithanelectricwheelchair.”可知，對(duì)于亞當(dāng)來(lái)說(shuō)，一切都是從電動(dòng)輪椅開(kāi)始。故此處指接到捐贈(zèng)電輪椅的電話。故選D項(xiàng)。]24．A.exploded B．spreadC．justified D．extendedB[考查動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)下文“Peoplejuststartedcallingme，”Adamsays.“Hospitalsandotherorganizationssay,‘Wehaveausedone.Canyouuseit？’”可知，醫(yī)院和其他組織開(kāi)始紛紛打來(lái)電話，故亞當(dāng)想幫助退休老兵的消息傳開(kāi)了。故選B項(xiàng)。]25．A.adaptedto B．contributedtoC．benefitedfrom D．resultedfromB[考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：亞當(dāng)說(shuō)：“人們開(kāi)始給我打電話。醫(yī)院和其他組織說(shuō)，我們有一個(gè)二手的。你能用它嗎？這一切都為HarvisonHouse的成立而捐獻(xiàn)?！盇.adaptedto適應(yīng)；B.contributedto捐獻(xiàn)；C.benefitedfrom得益于；D.resultedfrom由……引起。根據(jù)“Adamandhisteamofvolunteersthedonateditems,cleanandrepairthem,andthensendthemtoveteransinneed.”可知，這些東西是各個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)組織捐獻(xiàn)的，故選B項(xiàng)。]26．A.promoted B．describedC．designed D．foundedD[考查動(dòng)詞。句意：亞當(dāng)于2017年創(chuàng)立了這個(gè)非營(yíng)利組織，為低收入退伍軍人家提供家具。根據(jù)上文“ItallthefoundingofHarvisonHouse.”可知，HarvisonHouse這個(gè)非營(yíng)利組織是亞當(dāng)創(chuàng)立的，故選D項(xiàng)。]27．A.furniture B．toolsC．equipment D．decorationsA[考查名詞。根據(jù)下文“Butwithin20minutes,Icouldgetthreephonecallswithoffersforfurniture.”可知，亞當(dāng)創(chuàng)立的非營(yíng)利組織為低收入退伍軍人提供的是家具。故選A項(xiàng)。]28．A.recollect B．purchaseC．collect D．transformC[考查動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)“Adamandhisteamofvolunteersthedonateditems,cleanandrepairthem,andthensendthemtoveteransinneed.”可知，清潔和修理家具，然后把家具送到有需要的退伍軍人那里前需要先收集家具，故選C項(xiàng)。]29．A.accommodation B．informationC．a(chǎn)pproach D．a(chǎn)ccessA[考查名詞。根據(jù)“‘Ifsomeonejuststaresatfourwalls,theyfeelliketheyhavenothingatall.’Adamsays.”可知，亞當(dāng)認(rèn)為即使提供住宿，但是沒(méi)有家具也會(huì)讓人覺(jué)得一無(wú)所有。故推知其他組織提供的是房子，故選A項(xiàng)。]30．A.domestic B．fundamentalC．various D．satisfyingB[考查形容詞。根據(jù)“Whileotherorganizationscanprovidethemwith，theycan'talwaysprovidethemwithsofas,bedsandkitchentables,whicharepartsofahome.”及常識(shí)可知，沙發(fā)、床和廚房餐桌都是家庭的基本組成成分，故選B項(xiàng)。]31．A.harmonious B．calmC．warm D．thoughtfulC[考查形容詞。根據(jù)“‘Ifsomeonejuststaresatfourwalls,theyfeelliketheyhavenothingatall.’Adamsays.”可知，亞當(dāng)認(rèn)為即使提供住宿，但是沒(méi)有家具也會(huì)讓人覺(jué)得一無(wú)所有。故推知，提供了家具就會(huì)使人覺(jué)得溫暖，故選C項(xiàng)。]32．A.repaired B．expectedC．delivered D．signaledC[考查動(dòng)詞。句意：捐贈(zèng)的家具已經(jīng)送到后，其新家的照片將與感謝信一起發(fā)送給捐贈(zèng)者。A.repaired修理；B.expected期待；C.delivered送；D.signaled發(fā)信號(hào)。根據(jù)“Afterthedonatedfurniturehasbeen，aphotoofitsnewhomeissenttothepersonwhodonatedit,alongwithaletterof．”可知，捐贈(zèng)的家具送到后，才能為帶有捐贈(zèng)家具的新家拍照，故選C項(xiàng)。]33．A.appreciation B．invitationC．introduction D．a(chǎn)pplicationA[考查名詞。根據(jù)上題可知，這封信是給捐贈(zèng)者的，故應(yīng)指感激信，故選A項(xiàng)。]34．A.exposure B．touchC．recognition D．coverageB[考查名詞。句意：亞當(dāng)認(rèn)為，個(gè)人的裝飾很重要。A.exposure暴露；B.touch修飾、裝點(diǎn)；C.recognition識(shí)別；D.coverage新聞報(bào)導(dǎo)。根據(jù)上文可知，亞當(dāng)認(rèn)為家徒四壁讓人覺(jué)得一無(wú)所有。故推知裝扮屋子很重要。故選B項(xiàng)。]35．A.launch B．a(chǎn)dvertiseC．excuse D．a(chǎn)pologizeB[考查動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)下文“Butwithin20minutes,Icouldgetthreephonecallswithoffersforfurniture.”可知，But表示轉(zhuǎn)折，句意與前句相反。故推知，即使不做宣傳，也能在20分鐘內(nèi)接到提供家具的電話。故選B項(xiàng)。]第二節(jié)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Chinaismaking36.(prepare)foramoonlanding,whichwillplaceitsastronautsonthelunarsurface.AccordingtoDongNengli,headoftheagency'stechnologybureau,China'sspaceprogramplannersandengineers37.________(research)theroadmapandtechnologiesforthemannedmoonlandingsince2016.“Ourastronautswill38.________(definite)touchdownonthemoon，”hetoldreporters.China'sspaceauthoritieshavealong-termplantolandastronautsonthemoon，39.________atleastonescientificstationwillbesetup.Theyhopetousethemannedmissionstocarry40.________scientificsurveysandtechnologicalresearch,explorewaystodeveloplunarresourcesandstrengthenthenation'sspacecapabilities.ZhouYanfei,deputychiefdesignerofChina'smannedspaceprogram,saidinSeptember2020thatthecountryhasmade41.________resolutiontoindependentlylandastronautsonthemoonbecauseofitstechnologies,well-trained,innovativeprofessionalsandefficientresearchand42.________(evaluate)systems.Towardthatgoal,Wan