Unit2Livelongerlivebetter--教材核心單詞梳理講義-高中英語上教版（2020）選擇性

上教版選擇性必修4U21.alert /??l??rt/ adj. 警覺的;警惕的;戒備的 onhighalert高度警覺alertsomeonetosomething提醒某人注意某事securityalert安全警報(bào)Forexample,inGrandTetonNationalPark,elkandpronghornsinareaswithmoretouristsarelessalertandspendmoretimeeating.<2024嘉定區(qū)一模六選四>例如，在大提頓國(guó)家公園，游客較多地區(qū)的麋鹿和長(zhǎng)角羚警惕性較低，吃東西的時(shí)間較長(zhǎng)。2.dismiss /d?s?m?s/ v. 不子慮摒棄;對(duì)·.....不屑一提 dismissal(n.)解雇；駁回 dismisstheidea拒絕接受這個(gè)想法dismissanemployee解雇員工dismissasuggestion駁回一個(gè)建議Indoingso,scientistsattemptedtodismisswhatlogicianshaveknownforlong:thatnoamountofcorrectlypredictedeffectscanproveasupposedcause.<2022長(zhǎng)寧區(qū)二模C篇>這樣做，科學(xué)家們?cè)噲D否定邏輯學(xué)家們?cè)缫阎赖氖聦?shí)：再多正確預(yù)測(cè)的結(jié)果也無法證明假定的原因。3.explode /?k?splo?d/ v. 爆炸;爆破;爆裂 explosion(n.)爆炸explosive(adj.)爆炸的；爆炸性的"explodewithanger怒氣沖天thebombexplodes炸彈爆炸Whentheassociatedheaterwasturnedonduringflight,thetankexplodeddepletingalmostallofthepowerfromthemandmoduleandforcingthecrewtousethelunarmoduleasalifeboat.<2024青浦區(qū)一模B篇>當(dāng)相關(guān)的加熱器在飛行過程中被打開時(shí)，水箱爆炸，幾乎耗盡了指令艙的所有能量，迫使乘員將登月艙用作救生艇。4.frustrate /?fr?s.tre?t/ v. 使沮喪:使懊惱 frustration(n.)挫敗frustrated(adj.)挫敗的frustrating(adj.)令人沮喪的frustratesomeone'splans挫敗某人的計(jì)劃feelfrustrated感到沮喪findsomethingfrustrating發(fā)現(xiàn)某事令人沮喪Therearetimesthisattitudebeesunhealthy,asIgetfrustratedifIgiveeverythingtoapetitionoractivityandproduceonlyaverageresults.<2023寶山區(qū)一模A篇>有時(shí)，這種態(tài)度會(huì)變得不健康，因?yàn)槿绻以诒荣惢蚧顒?dòng)中全力以赴，卻只取得一般的成績(jī)，我會(huì)感到沮喪。5.harmony /?hɑ?r.m?.ni/ n. 融洽;和睦 harmonious(adj.)和諧的 liveinharmony和諧相處harmonybetween之間的和諧inharmonywith與...和諧Thisisinharmonywiththemuseum’sfunction,sincetheapproachisdedicatedtoseekingoutandconserving“authentic”,“original”readingsoftheexhibits.<2023青浦區(qū)二模C篇>這與博物館的功能是一致的，因?yàn)椴┪镳^致力于尋找和保護(hù)展品的"原汁原味"、"原汁原味"的解讀。6.infection /?n?f?k.??n/ n. (身體某部位的)感染;傳染病;傳染;感染 infect(v.)感染infectious(adj.)有傳染性的fightinfection對(duì)抗感染spreadofinfection感染的傳播bacterialinfection細(xì)菌感染W(wǎng)edidn’thavehealthinsuranceatthetime,andwhenIgotathirdinfection,myparentscouldn’taffordthetreatment.<2024浦東新區(qū)一模A篇>當(dāng)時(shí)我們沒有醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)，當(dāng)我第三次感染時(shí)，我的父母無力承擔(dān)治療費(fèi)用。7.occupy /?ɑ?.kj?.pa?/ v. 使用，占用(空間、面積、時(shí)間等) occupation(n.)職業(yè)；占領(lǐng) occupyaposition占據(jù)一個(gè)位置currentlyoccupied當(dāng)前被占用Professionalstaffanddirectorsarehiredinternationallyandoccupyleadershipfunctionsorpositionsthatrequireasignificantleveloftechnicalknowledge.<2023崇明區(qū)一模B篇>專業(yè)工作人員和主任在國(guó)際上聘用，擔(dān)任領(lǐng)導(dǎo)職務(wù)或需要大量技術(shù)知識(shí)的職位。8.opponent /??po?.n?nt/ n. 反對(duì)者 "oppose(v.)反對(duì)opposition(n.)反對(duì)；對(duì)手faceanopponent面對(duì)對(duì)手politicalopponent政治對(duì)手defeatanopponent擊敗對(duì)手Theopponentsofinterpretationinsistthatthewriterandtheeditorshalllimitthemselvestothe“facts”.<2023松江區(qū)一模C篇>反對(duì)解釋的人堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為，作者和編輯應(yīng)僅限于"事實(shí)"。9.pose /po?z/ v. 造成(威脅、問題等);引起;產(chǎn)生 poseaquestion提出一個(gè)問題posearisk構(gòu)成風(fēng)險(xiǎn)poseforaphoto為照片擺姿勢(shì)Thehole,whichhasbeentrackedfromspaceandthegroundoverthepastfewdays,hasreachedrecorddimensions,butisnotexpectedtoposeanydangertohumansunlessitmovesfurthersouth.<2024奉賢區(qū)一模C篇>在過去幾天里，人們從太空和地面追蹤到的這個(gè)洞已經(jīng)達(dá)到了創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄的大小，但預(yù)計(jì)它不會(huì)對(duì)人類造成任何危險(xiǎn)，除非它進(jìn)一步向南移動(dòng)。10.resistance /r??z?s.t?ns/ n. 反對(duì);抵制;抗拒 resist(v.)抵抗resistant(adj.)抵抗的resistanceto對(duì)...的抵抗increaseresistance增加抵抗力Allthishasalreadyledtogrowingfearsaboutfacialrecognition,saidJanoschDelckerandCristianoLimainPolitico,but“effortstocheckitsspreadarehittingawallofresistanceonbothsidesoftheAtlantic.”<2024長(zhǎng)寧區(qū)一模C篇>亞諾什德爾克（JanoschDelcker）和克里斯蒂亞諾利馬（CristianoLima）在Politico上說："所有這一切已經(jīng)導(dǎo)致人們對(duì)面部識(shí)別的擔(dān)憂與日俱增，但"阻止其蔓延的努力在大西洋兩岸都遇到了阻力"。11.severe /s??v??r/ adj. 極為惡劣的;十分嚴(yán)重的 severity(n.)嚴(yán)重性 severeweather極端天氣severepunishment嚴(yán)厲懲罰severepain劇烈疼痛" Sometimesevenifaboxerhasneverbeenknockedout,hemighthavesufferedseverebraindamagewithoutknowingit.<2024閔行區(qū)一模六選四>有時(shí)，即使拳擊手從未被擊倒過，他也可能在不知不覺中遭受了嚴(yán)重的腦損傷。12.sustain /s??ste?n/ v. 維持(生命、生存) sustainability(n.)可持續(xù)性sustainable(adj.)可持續(xù)的sustaingrowth維持增長(zhǎng)sustaininjuries遭受傷害sustaineffort維持努力Justthinkthatmerely30dollarscansustainyoufora4coursefeastinanordinaryMexicanrestaurantandnoonecouldresistthetemptation.<2022靜安區(qū)一模A篇>想想看，僅僅30美元就能讓你在一家普通的墨西哥餐廳享用四道菜的大餐，沒有人能抵擋得住誘惑。13.vulnerable /?v?l.n?r.?.b?l/ adj. (身體上或感情上)脆弱的易受...傷害的 vulnerability(n.)脆弱性 vulnerableto