中考英語語法專項冠詞知識點及練習(xí)

Grammarlesson2冠詞冠詞的含義冠詞是一種虛詞，沒有詞義。冠詞不能單獨使用，通常放在名詞前，修飾名詞。（口訣：名詞是禿子，常要帶帽子）冠詞的類別及用法（1）不定冠詞（a/an）首次提到的人或物，并非特指，含有介紹作用。Ihaveawatch.Itisveryexpensive.我有一塊手表，它很貴。用在單數(shù)普通名詞前，可以指一類人或事物。Aplanerunsfasterthanatrain.飛機跑的比火車快。用于物質(zhì)，抽象名詞前haveagreattimeabigsuccessa+序數(shù)詞（first除外），表示“又一，再一”。ThecakeisdeliciousandIwouldlikeasecondone.這個蛋糕真美味，我還想再來一個。a和an的使用區(qū)別a用在輔音字母開頭的單詞前（除a,e,i,o,u外的字母））amovieatoolapanyan用在元音字母開頭的單詞前（a,e,i,o,u）anappleanelephantanicecreamanonion（洋蔥）anumbrella?特殊auniversityausefulbookaUFOanhour一小時anhonor一種榮譽補充：冠詞在單個字母前的用法Mr.Lihasonefox.這句話中的每一個字母的前，都用冠詞an,其余字母用aThereis________“u”and_________“l(fā)”inthewordumbrella.Thereis________“n”and_________“f”inthewordknife.定冠詞（the）特指某（些）人或某（些）物ThebookIamreadingisveryinteresting.用于上文提到的人或物Thereisabookshopoverthere.Thebookshopismyfavourite.用在序數(shù)詞和形容詞最高級前Maryisthemostbeautifulgirlinmyclass.Heisthefirstpersonwhoeatsthefood.用在形容詞前，表示一類人thepoortherichtheyoungtheoldtheblind用于獨一無二的事物前thesuntheearththemoon用于西洋樂器前playthepianoplaytheviolin用在姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前，表示一家人theSmiths用于普通名詞組成的專有名詞前theYellowRivertheUnitedStatestheSpringFestivaltheGreatWall用在表示方位的名詞前Thetemperatureislowerinthenorth,buthigherinthesouth.Thereisabigtreeontheleft.用在逢十的復(fù)數(shù)數(shù)詞前表示年代inthe1990’s/1990s冠詞的位置通常情況：冠詞位于名詞前，若名詞前有形容詞修飾，冠詞要放在形容詞之前。如：abeautifulflower;aclevergirl特殊情況：①不定冠詞在half,such,what,many之后。如：suchanicegirl(=soniceagirl)halfanhourManyastudenthaspassedtheexam.(=Manystudentshavepassedtheexam.)Whatabeautifulflower!(=Howbeautifulaflower!)②不定冠詞在as,so,how,too修飾的形容詞之后。如：Howcoldadayitis!(=Whatacolddayitis!)③副詞quite和rather可置于不定冠詞之前。如：It’squiteanicehorse.(=It’saverynicehorse)//It’sratherahotdaytoday.(=It’saveryhotdaytoday)④當(dāng)名詞由both或all,whole修飾時，定冠詞須放在both或all之后,whole之前。如：allthestudents,boththechildren,thewholestory【拓展】有無定冠詞的區(qū)別：atthetable在桌子旁 attable吃飯attheschool在學(xué)校里 atschool在上學(xué)bythesea在海邊 bysea乘船gototheschool到學(xué)校去 gotoschool去上學(xué)intheclass在班里 inclass在課堂上inthefrontof在…前面（范圍內(nèi)部）infrontof在…前面（范圍外部）inthehospital在醫(yī)院里 inhospital（因?。┳≡篿ntheprison在監(jiān)獄里（不一定是犯人) inprison在坐牢（3）零冠詞英語中由很多名詞前不加冠詞，這種情況稱為零冠詞。零冠詞可以用在復(fù)數(shù)名詞，不可數(shù)名詞及某些專有名詞前。復(fù)數(shù)名詞，不可數(shù)名詞前Pandasarecute.Weneedairandwater.人名，地名，國家，州前面Judyisabrave（勇敢的）rabbit.WewillgotoNewYorkthissummer.頭銜，職位和稱呼前ProfessorLeeisgoodatswimming.月份，星期和西方節(jié)日前IwasborninMay.IhaveEnglishlessonsonSundays.IgotmanygiftsonChildren’sDay三餐四季前What’sfordinner?havebreakfast/lunch吃早飯/午飯Summerising.語言/球類/棋類運動前IcanspeakEnglish.playfootball/basketball/chess介詞by后面跟有關(guān)交通工具的名詞時bycar/bike/train/underground（地鐵）【背誦】thenumberof......的數(shù)量introuble陷入麻煩facetoface面對面ontheotherhand另一方面onbusiness出差allthesame仍然onshow展覽intheopenair在戶外dayandnight日日夜夜onfire著火【課堂練習(xí)】單選題Jenny,whynotgofor______picnicthisSaturday?Soundsgreat.2.After_______school,Ibought______presentformymother.A./;a B.a;/ C.a;the D.the;/3.Thereis_______bankacrossfromthehospital. D./4.______medicalbookTianHuiYiJianbyBianQueandCangGonghaseoutinChengdu.5.Igotadogyesterdayasabirthdaygift.________dogisverycuteandIlikeit.6.Chinahashelpedendover70%ofpovertyworldwidesince_____late1970s,accordingto_______WorldBank.A.a;a B.the;the C.a;the D.the;a7.BenwatchedTomandJerryyesterday.________cartoonmadehimlaugh. D./8.MybrotherTomcanplay_________pingpongwell,buthecan'tplay_______violin.A.the:/ B.the:the C./;the9.MeandMyWinterGamesis________interestingfilm.It'sagiftforBeijing2022. D./10.Mybrotheroftenplays________footballwithhisclassmatesafterschool. C./ 11.Tianwen1probe(探測器)sent_______firstpictureofMarsbacktoChinainFebruary,2021.12.As_______teacher,it'simportanttobe______goodrolemodelfortheirstudents.A.the;a B.a;the C.a;a D.the;the13.Shallweplay______basketballthisafternoon?Goodidea！Doyouhave_______basketball?A.the;a B.a;a C./;/ D./;a14.Takingthetrainis_______goodwaytoseetheworld. D./15.Paperis_____usefulinvention.Itwasinventedaround2,000yearsagobyCaiLun. C./ 16.What_______excitingnewsitis！ D./17.______thousandmilejourneybeginswith_______firststep.A.A;the B.The;a C.The;the D.A;a18.Chinais______oldcountrywith______longhistory.A.the;a B.a;a C.an;the D.an;a19.IsRussia______Europeancountry?Yes,thoughmostofitliesinAsia.a B./ Ilikeapples.______appleadaykeepsthedoctoraway. D./21.Iusuallyhave_______eggandsomebreadforbreakfast. B.a 22.Whois_______maninfrontofthepostoffice?Theonewith_______umbrella?HeisourEnglishteacher.the;a B.the;an C.a;an D.a;the23.Heistruetoeverybodyparents,teachersandfriends.Yes,heis_______honestperson.a C./SomesmallshopsinBritainusuallyclosefor_______hourat______lunchtime.an;the B.a;/ C.a;the D.an;/Chengduisin_______southwestofChinaandithas_______populationofmorethan20million.A.the;the B.a;the C.the;a26.You'vedropped_______“s”inthewordnecessary.Oh,______letter“s”isdoubled.an;a B.a;the C.an;the D.the;the用a,an或the填空，若不需要填寫,則劃“