2024年高考英語模擬試題分類匯編：閱讀理解：說明文（山東卷）（原卷版）

2024年高考英語模擬試題分類匯編：閱讀理解：說明文（山東卷）1.（2024·山東威?！ざ＃㏒omepeoplemaybepickyeaters,butasaspecieswearenot.Birds,bugsandwhales,we’lleatthemall.Yetourrelianceonwildanimalsgoesfarbeyondjustfeedingourselves.Fromagriculturalfeedtomedicinetothepettrade,modernsocietyexploitswildanimalsinawaythatbeatseventhemostaggressivewildpredator(捕食者).Now,forthefirsttime,researchershavetriedtocapturethefullpictureofhowweusewildlife,includinghowmany,andforwhatpurposes.Theresearchshowcasesjusthowbroadourinfluenceonwildanimalsis.Inthestudy,researchershavefoundthathumanskill,collectorotherwiseuseabout15,000species.That’supto300timesmorethanthenexttoppredatorinanyecosystem.YetaccordingtoChrisDarimont,aco-authorofthestudy,thebiggestshockisn’thowmanyspeciesweaffectbutwhywetakethem.“Theresult,”hesays,“isthatweremove,oressentiallypreyon,morespeciesofanimalsfornon-foodreasonsthanforfoodreasons.”Andthebiggestnon-fooduseisaspetsandpetfood.“That’swherethingshavegoneofftherails(軌道),”hesays.Theproblemisespeciallyseriousfortropicalbirds.Thehelmetedhornbill,forexample,iscapturedmainlyforthepetrade,orforitsbeaktobeusedasmedicineortobecarvedlikeivory.Theirdisappearancelimitsseeddispersalandthespreadoftreesaroundtheforest.Anotherbigdifferencebetweenhumans’influenceonwildanimalsandthatofotherpredatorsisthatwetendtofavorrareandexotic(外來的)speciesinawayotheranimalsdonot.Mostpredatorstargetcommonspecies,sincetheyareeasiertofindandcatch.Humans,nowever,tendtocovetthenovel.“Themorerareitis,”sayscientists,“themorethatdrivesuptheprice,andthereforeitmaygointoextinction.”Ifwewantwildspeciestosurvive,weneedtoreestablishourrelationshipwiththem,perhapsfrompredatortocaretaker.1．Whatroledohumansplayintheirpresentrelationshipwithwildlifeaccordingtotheauthor?A．Pickypredators. B．Protectorsofbiodiversity.C．Greedypredators. D．Caretakersoftheenvironment.2．WhatshockedscientistsmostaccordingtoChrisDarimont?A．Morespecieshuntedfornon-fooduse.B．Theimpactofpetindustriesonwildlife.C．Thenumberofspeciesaffectedbyhumans.D．Theconsequencescausedbyspeciesextinction.3．Whichcanbestexplaintheunderlined“coverthenovel”inparagraph4?A．Longforhugeprofits.B．Favordomesticspecies.C．Takeinterestinpettrade.D．Seekafternewanduniquethings.4．Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A．Topromotestricterrulesforhunting.B．Toadvocateeco-friendlypetchoices.C．Torevealhowhumansaffectbiodiversity.D．Tohighlighttheneedforwildlifeconservation.2.（2024·山東·模擬預(yù)測）AnewreportpublishedintheJournalofSleepResearchfoundnoevidencethatusingthesnooze(打盹兒)functiononyouralarmnegativelyaffectssleepandcognitive(認(rèn)知)processes.Andwhilelearningsleepinessandshortersleepweremorecommoninthosewhosnoozed,itcouldevenhavebenefitsifusedshortly.Theresearchevenfoundthatabriefsnoozeperiodcouldrelievesleepmertia(慣性),theunclearnessandperformanceormooddeclinethatoccurswhenwakingup,withoutcompletelydisturbingsleep.Itcouldalsoimproveone’scognitivefunctioncomparedtocompletelywakingupafterthefirstalarmgoesoff.“Thefindingsindicatethatthereisnoreasontostopsnoozinginthemorningifyouenjoyit,atleastnotforsnoozetimesaround30minutes.Infact,itmayevenhelpthosewithmorningunclearnesstobeslightlymoreawakeoncetheygetup,”saidtheresearcherTinaSundelinofStockholmUniversity.Theresearchwasbasedontwostudieswiththefirstobservingthewakinghabitsof1,732adults.Mostoftheadults(69%)reportedusinganalarm’ssnoozefunctionoroccasionallysettingmultiplealarms.Snoozingrangedfrom1to180minutes,accordingtothestudy,withtheaverageperiodbeing22minutespermorning.Thesecondstudyanalyzed31confirmedregularsnoozersandfoundthatforevery30minutestheysnoozed,theylostsixminutesofsleep—foranetgainof24minutes.However,researchersdidnotfindanycleareffectsonmood,stress,tiredness,hormonelevelsorovernightsleepquality.Thereportalsofoundpeoplewhosnoozetendedtobeatleastsixyearsyoungerthanthosewhodont,andthosewhowereidentifiedasnightowlswerealmostfourtimesmorelikelytosnoozethanearlybirds.Snoozersalsohadaslightlyshortersleeptimeonworkdays,13minuteslessonaverage,comparedtothosewhoneversnooze.Despitethesestudiesfindingthatacertainamountofsnoozetimewon’tdamageyourhealth,itremainskeytogetenoughconsistentsleeptoavoidserioushealthconsequences.5．Whatmayashortsnoozeperiodresultinaccordingtothenewresearch?A．Bettersleepinertia. B．Disturbedsleepprocesses.C．Agoodmood. D．Apoorcognitivefunction.6．WhatisTinaSundelin’sattitudetoshortsnoozinginthemorning?A．Critical. B．Tolerant. C．Doubtful. D．Favorable.7．Howwastheresearchcarriedout?A．Byconsultingdifferentexperts. B．Bycollectingandanalyzingdata.C．Byreviewingrelatedrecordsonline. D．Bydoingexperimentsonstudents.8．Whatdoesthetextsuggestusdoaboutsleep?A．Trytobeanearlysleeper. B．Sleepmoreonweekends.C．Snoozeasmuchaspossible. D．Getenoughconsistentsleep.3.（2024·山東·模擬預(yù)測）Historicalaccountsoftendescribedthenow-extinctCaliforniagrizzlybearsashugebeastsreadytoattackhumansandlivestockatanytime.Butaccordingtoanewpaper,scientistssaythetruthmighthavebeenlessdramatic:Thebearsateamostlyvegetariandietandweresmallerthanpreviouslydescribed.CaliforniagrizzlybearsonceroamedintheGoldenState.ButEuropeansettlersoftenhunted,poisonedandtrappedthecreatures.Overtime,becauseofthesehumanactivities,theCaliforniagrizzlypopulationdeclined.ThelastreliablesightingofaCaliforniagrizzlybearoccurred100yearsagoin1924,andtheanimalsdisappearedcompletelysometimeafterthat.Researcherswantedtogetabetterunderstandingofthefactorsthatacceleratedthebears’extinction.Theyalsohopedtogainmoreinsightintothecreatures’behavior,sizeanddiet.Todoso,theyturnedtodocumentsandCaliforniagrizzlyspecimensinnaturalhistorycollections.Theymeasuredtheanimals’skullsandteethandanalyzedtheirbonesandpelts.TheresearchersfoundthatCaliforniagrizzlybearsweremuchsmallerthanthe2,000poundsoftenreportedatthetime.Historicalaccountsmightnotnecessarilyhavebeenwrong,buttheymighthaveonlyincludedthelargestbears.Inaddition,analysesoftheanimals’bonesandskinssuggestthebearswereprimarilyeatingplants,whichstandsincontrasttotheirfearsomehypercarnivorous(超級食肉的)reputation.“Thebearslikelyincreasedmeatconsumptionduetolandscapechangescoupledwiththearrivaloflivestock,”saysstudyco-authorAlexisMychajliw.However,researchersfoundtheanimalsstillateamajorityvegetariandietandkilledfarlesslivestockthanhistoricalaccountssuggested.Bydiggingbeyondthebears’reputation,theresearchersgainedamoreaccurateunderstandingoftheCaliforniagrizzly’sbiologyandnaturalhistory.Andsincescientistsandlandmanagersoftenrelyonhistoricalaccountswhenreintroducinganimalstotheirformerhabitats,thestudyservesasareminderthatthoseoldnewspapersandjournalsdonottellthewholestory.9．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“roamed”inparagraph1mean?A．Disappeared. B．Declined. C．Fought. D．Wandered.10．WhatdidtheresearchersdiscoveraboutCaliforniagrizzlybears?A．Theymainlyfedonlivestock.B．Theirdietconsistedmostlyofplants.C．Theyateabalanceddietofplantsandmeat.D．Theabsenceoflivestockchangedtheirdietaryhabit.11．Whatcanwelearnabouthistoricalaccountsofanimalsfromthelastparagraph?A．Theyareunique. B．Theyareone-sided.C．Theyareaccurate. D．Theyarecomprehensive.12．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．ThenaturalhabitatsofCaliforniagrizzlybears.B．TheextinctionprocessofCaliforniagrizzlybears.C．TherevealofthetruthofCaliforniagrizzlybears.D．ThesignificanceofthearrivalofCaliforniagrizzlybears.4.（2024·山東·模擬預(yù)測）Webreathe,eatanddrinktinyparticlesofplastic.Butaretheseinthebodyharmless.dangerousorsomewhereinbetween?AsmallstudypublishedonWednesdayintheNewEnglandJournalofMedicineraisesmorequestionsthanitanswersabouthowthesehitsmightaffecttheheart.Thestudyinvolved257peoplewhohadsurgerytoclearblockedbloodvesselsintheirnecks.Usingtwomethods,researchersfoundevidenceofplastics-mostlyinvisiblenanoplastics—in150patientsandnoevidenceofplasticsin107patients.Theyfollowedthesepeopleforthreeyears.Duringthattime,30or20%ofthosewithplasticshadaheartattack,strokeordiedfromanycause,comparedto8orabout8%ofthosewithnoevidenceofplastics.Theresearchersalsofoundmoreevidenceofinflammation(炎癥)inthepeoplewiththeplasticbitsintheirbloodvessels.Inflammationisthebody’sresponsetoinjuryandisthoughttoraisetheriskofheartattacksandstroke.“Ihopethatthealarmingmessagewillraisetheconsciousnessofcitizens,especiallygovernments,tofinallybecomeawareoftheimportanceofthehealthofourplanet.”saidDr.RaffaeleMarfellaoftheUniversityofCampaniainItaly.Nevertheless,thestudywasverysmallandlookedonlyatpeoplewithnarrowedarteries(動脈),whowerealreadyatriskforheartattackandstroke.Thepatientswiththeplasticshadmoreheartdisease,diabetesandhighcholesterol(膽固醇)thanthepatientswithoutplastics.Theyweremorelikelytobemenandmorelikelytobesmokers.Theresearcherstriedtoadjustfortheseriskfactorsduringtheirstatisticalanalysis,buttheymayhavemissedimportantdifferencesbetweenthegroupsthatcouldaccountfortheresults.Thiskindofstudycannotprovethattheplasticscausedtheirproblems.“Moreresearchisneededanditisthefirstreportsuggestingaconnectionbetweenmicroplasticsandnanoplasticswithdiseaseinhumans,”saidDr.PhilipLandriganofBostonCollege.Otherscientistshavefoundplasticbitsinthelungs,liver,blood,andbreastmilk,“Itdoesnotprovecauseandeffect,butitsuggestscauseandeffect,”hesaid,“Anditneedsurgentlytobeeitherconfirmedordisproven(反駁)byotherstudiesdonebyotherinvestigatorsinotherpopulations.”13．Whatdidthestudyfindabouttheplasticsinblood?A．Theyarevisibleanddetectable. B．Theymayraisetheriskofseriousinjuries.C．Theyneedtoberemovedbysurgery. D．Theymayaccountforahigherrateofheartattacks.14．WhatdidRaffaeleMarfellasuggest?A．Immediateactionshouldbetakenbygovernment.B．Alarmingmessageshouldbespreadwidelyandquickly.C．Theawarenessoftheharmofplasticbitsshouldbeenhanced.D．Jointeffortsmustbemadetokeephealthyphysicallyandmentally.15．Whatdoesparagraph5mainlytalkaboutregardingthestudy?A．Limitations. B．Advantages. C．Causes. D．Effects.16．WhatdidDr.PhilipLandriganthinkofthestudy?A．Helpfulbutunrealistic. B．Pioneeringbutimpractical.C．Distinctivebutunnecessary. D．Suggestivebutinconclusive.5.（2024屆山東中學(xué)聯(lián)盟模擬預(yù)測）Inthe1950s,BritishhistorianNortheasterParkinsoncameupwithaconceptwhichwaslaterknownasParkinson’sLawofTriviality.Itstatesthattheamountoftimespentdiscussinganissueinanorganizationisoppositelyassociatedwithitsactualimportance.Parkinson’sLawofTrivialityisalsoknownas“bike-shedding(車棚)”,afterthestoryParkinsonusestoillustrateit.Heasksreaderstoimagineafinancialcommitteemeetingtodiscussathree-pointagenda.Thepointsareasfollows:Aproposalfora￡10millionnuclearpowerplant;Aproposalfora￡350bikeshed;Aproposalfora￡21annualcoffeebudget.Whathappens?Thecommitteeendsuprunningthroughthenuclearpowerplantproposalinlittletime.It’stooadvancedforanyonetoreallydigintothedetails.Thediscussionsoonmovestothebikeshed.Here,everyone’sanexpert.Intheend,thecommitteerunsoutoftimeanddecidestomeetagaintocompletetheiranalysis.Bike-sheddinghappensbecausethesmalleramatteris,themorepeoplewillhaveanopiniononit,evenwhenthereisnogenuinevaluetoadd.Whensomethingisoutsideofourcircleofcompetence,likeanuclearpowerplant,wedon’teventrytoexpressanopinion.Butwhensomethingiscomprehensible,everyonewantstoshowthattheyknowaboutthetopicathand.Howcanweavoidbike-shedding?Themainthingyoucandoistohaveaclearpurpose.PriyaParker,theauthorofTheArtofGathering:HowWeMeetandWhyItMatters,saysthatanysuccessfulgatheringneedstohaveafocusedpurpose.“Specificity,”shesays,“isacrucialelement.”Whenitcomestochoosingyourlistofinvitees,Parkerwrites,“ifthepurposeofyourmeetingistomakeadecision,youmaywanttoconsiderhavingfewercooksinthekitchen.”Gettingtheresultyouwant-athoughtful,educateddiscussionaboutthatpowerplant-dependsonhavingtherightpeopleintheroom.17．WhatisParkinson’spurposeofpresentingtheimaginarymeeting?A．Tostateafact. B．Toclarifyaconcept.C．Tomakeaprediction. D．Tomakeacomparison.18．WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph4?A．Themoreyouknow,thelessyouspeak.B．Whatissimpleforyoumaybetoughforothers.C．Whatrequiresmoreworkmaygetlessattention.D．Themoreyouputin,thebetteryourresultwillbe.19．Whichistheauthor’ssuggestionforasuccessfulmeeting?A．Planningbeforethemeeting.B．Gettingtherightpeopletothetable.C．Spendinglesstimeontheminorissues.D．Takingdifferentopinionsintoaccount.20．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．Purpose:TheKeytoanEffectiveMeetingB．Talent:ACrucialElementinOrganizationsC．TheBikeShedEffect:AvoidingSmallMattersD．NuclearPowerPlant:TheLess-knownProposal6.（2024·山東日照·模擬預(yù)測）In2022,theNatureConservancylaunchedtwo5-yearpilotprojectsatworkingranches(牧場)inKansasandNewMexicotodetermineifvirtualfencesenablelandmanagerstobetterperformregenerativemanagementpracticesandtoassesspotentialbenefitsforbiodiversityandforranchers’bottomlines,aswellasimpactsonsoilcarbonstorage.ApplaudedbytheU.S.DepartmentofAgricultureasaclimateadaptionstrategy,virtualfencingisaninnovativetechnologythatenablesrancherstouseasmartphoneorwebapptoremotelymonitorandcontrolwhereandwhencattlegraze(吃草).Virtualfencescanreducetheneedforphysicalfences,whichrequiresignificanttime,expenseandlabortomaintain.Physicalfencesalsolimitlandmanagersintheirabilitytochangegrazingboundariestoadapttoseasonalchangesinvegetationortoexcludecattlefromecologicallysensitiveareas.Thecowsareoutfittedwithbattery-operated,GPS-enabledcollarsthatsendoutaradiofrequencytocommunicatewithreceptiontowers,creatingvirtualgrazingboundariessetbyarancher.Whenacowapproachestheedgeofthevirtualboundary,thecollarproducesasoundsignalingittoturnaround.Ifthecowproceedstocrosstheboundary,itreceivesamomentarymildshock,signalingthatit’sgonetoofarandshouldrejoinitsgroup.Grasslandsaretheleastprotectedhabitatonearthandoneofthemosteffectivecarbonsinks,storingupto20%oftheworld’ssoilorganiccarbon.Unfortunately,grasslandsarecontinuingtorapidlydisappearforseveralreasons.Forecologicalhealth,mostgrasslandecosystemsneedperiodsofdisturbancetoaerate(使透氣)thesoil,stimulateplantgrowthandrecyclenutrientsintothesoil.Rancherscompletethisdisturbance-restcyclebymanagingthetiming,location,herdsizeandintensityofgrazingactivities,allofwhichcanbetime-consumingandpainstaking.“Currently,thecostsofvirtualfencingarestillhigh,butinthelongrunitcanhelplandmanagersbettercarryoutmanagementpracticesthatregeneratelandhealth,helpaddressclimatechangeandbiodiversityloss,”saidWilliamBurnidge,directoroftheNatureConservancy.21．What’sstressedconcerningvirtualfencinginparagraph2?A．Itssmartdesign. B．Itsmajoradvantages.C．Itswideapplication. D．Itsworkingprinciples.22．Whatdoesthemildshockindicatetothecow?A．It’stimetoreturn. B．It’stimetograze.C．It’sindanger. D．It’sinawrongdirection.23．What’sunavoidableforrancherstocompletethedisturbance-restcycle?A．Intenseefforts. B．Pollutedsoil. C．Financialfailure. D．Ecologicalimbalance.24．What’sMr.Burnidge’sattitudetovirtualfencing?A．Intolerant. B．Objective. C．Doubtful. D．Conservative.7.（2024·山東·二模）The2024ConsumerElectronicsShowisuponusandwe’vechosenfourmostfunctional-seemingonestosharewithyou.AdeskbiketochargeyourphoneCombiningthehealthbenefitsofapedal(腳踏)deskwiththeenergysavingsofabody-poweredphonecharger,AmperaBikeseemsideallysuitedforofficemultitaskers.Ahalf-hourofpedalingcanchargetheaveragephoneabout50percent.Thebike,smallandunnoticeableenoughforahomeoffice,allowsworkerstofinishthesametasksmovingastheydidsittingstill.WalkingassistrobotFormany,walkingisachallengebecauseofaging,illnessormuscleweakness.That’swhyWIM,aroboticassistdevicetiedaroundyourwaistandlegs,wascreated.Itreducestheenergyneededtowalkby20percent,potentiallyenablingwalkerstogofartherandfeellesstired.Theentiredeviceweighs3poundsandfoldsuptothesizeofapurse.WIMcanalsobeusedinanexercisemode,providingresistancesimilartowalkinginwaterandtargetingspecificmuscles.AmentalhealthmirrorHowdoyoufeelwhenlookinginthemirrorinthemorning?BMindSmartMirrorcantakeonelook,useAIandnaturallanguageprocessingtoanalyzeyourexpressionsandgestures,tellyourmoodsandthenoffer“personalizedmentalhealthcoaching”tohelp.Thistechnologythatcanmonitorforheathchangeshasthepotentialofimprovingthequalityofmillionsoflives.TargetedhearingdevicePeoplewithhearinglosshavedifficultylisteningtoaspecificvoiceinanoisyspace.OrCamHearaddressesthisissuewithasystemofearphonesandanAI-poweredapp.Theappsamplesvoicesandcreatesspeakerprofiles,whichthenallowsuserstoselecttoselecttheirwantedvoiceanddeadenotherones,makingagame-changing,experienceforhearingaidsingeneral.25．WhatisspecialaboutAmperaBike?A．It’shandytocarryabout.B．Itchargesphoneswithbatteries.C．Itintegratesfitnesswithenergysupply.D．It’saneconomicalformoftransportation.26．Whichofthefollowingdevicesmayreadyourthoughts?A．AmperaBike. B．WIM.C．BMindSmartMirror. D．OrCamHear.27．HowdoesOrCamHearfavorthehearing-disabled?A．Byrestoringdamagedhearing. B．Byscreeningoutundesiredsounds.C．Byboostingthevolumeofhearingaids. D．Byturningunclearvoicesintowords.8.（2024·山東·二模）Doyouknowcultivatedmeat?Typically,makingthissortofmeatstartswithcellsfromdomesticanimals.Thecellsaregrowninbioreactorsfullofnutrient-richliquid,andthenharvested,andeventuallybecomeproductssuchassteakorchicken.InahomelykitchenofEatJust,astartup,asliceofsuchmeatwasfriedandthenservedwithpeppers.Thefirstmouthfulofitwasextraordinarybecausethemeatwasgrowninalab,ratherthanonananimal.Meanwhile,itwasalsodull,becausethetexture,taste,lookandsmellofthemeatwasalmostidenticaltothatofchicken.InJune,EatJustandUpsideFoodsbecamethefirsttwocompaniestowinregulatoryapprovaltosellcultivatedmeatinAmerica.Ahandfulofotherfirmsaretryingtobringcultivatedmeattomarket.Butthehopeisfadingowingtocontinuedhighcostsandtroubleswithmassproduction.TheUNreportsmeatanddairyproductionalreadyaccountsfor12%ofhumanity’sgreenhouse-gasemissions,DemandformeatisskyrocketingamongthegrowingmiddleclassesofAfricaandAsia.Lab-grownmeatcouldhelpmeetthatdemandwithouttheworldbreakingitscarbonbudget.Bycontrast,two-fifthsofAmericansclaimtorestricttheirmeatconsumptioneitherforethical(倫理的)reasonsorenvironmentalones.Lab-grownmeatmayseemlessethicallyworrisomethaneatinganimals.Andtheearlysuccessofplant-basedmeatalternativesgaveinvestorshope.BeyondMeat,onesuchfirm,wentpublicin2019,andsawitsvalueshootto$14billion.Thoughlab-grownmeatoffersanalternativetofarm-grownmeat,questionshavebeenraisedabouthowclimate-friendlyitcanbe.Astudypublishedearlierthisyearfoundthatinsomecircumstancescultivatedmeatcouldbemorepollutingthantheconventionalstuffbecausethebioreactorisingreatneedofpowertocontrolitstemperature.Consequently,onlyifrenewableenergyisusedintheproductionprocesswillcultivatedmeatcutthecarbonfootprintofthemeatindustry.Whetherthiseffortcanmakelab-grownmeatattractiveandcheapenoughtoattractconsumersremainstobeseen.28．Whatdoestheauthorfocusonconcerningcultivatedmeatinparagraph1?A．Itscharacteristics. B．Itshealthbenefits.C．Itscookingmethods. D．Itssimilaritiestoartificialmeat.29．Whatcanweinferfromparagraph3?A．MostAmericansskipmeat.B．Asianspreferlab-grownmeat.C．BeyondMeatisfacingfinancialcollapse.D．Lab-grownmeatmayhaveavastconsumermarket.30．Inwhichaspectdoesthecultivated-meatindustrydamagetheenvironment?A．Poisonouschemicalleaks. B．Landoccupation.C．Grecnhouse-gasemissions. D．Waterconsumption.31．What’stheauthor’sattitudetolab-grownmeat?A．Opposed. B．Favorable. C．Uncaring. D．Reserved.9.（2024·山東棗莊·二模）OnAugust15,ateamofresearchersandconservationistssetoffonatwo-yearvoyagefromPlymouth,England,onboardtheDutchtallshipOosterschelde.Theywillsailmorethan46,000miles(74,000kilometers)anddropanchorin32differentportsacrossfourcontinents,beforeendingtheirjourneyinFalmouth,U.K.Theexpedition,namedDarwin200,comesmorethan190yearsafterCharlesDarwinsailedtheglobecollectingspecimensandshapingideasofhistheoryofevolution.TheteamwillcloselyfollowDarwin’soriginalvoyageaboardtheHMSBeagle,whichsetoffonDec.27,1831,andreturnedtoEnglandonOct.2,1836.Darwinwas22yearsoldwhenhejoinedtheexpeditionwiththeintentionofseeingtheworldbeforejoiningthechurch.Butduringthetrip,Darwinbecamefascinatedbythewiderangeofdifferentspeciesheencountered,whicheventuallyledtohimcreatinghistheoryofevolutionbynaturalselection.Darwin’saccountofthejourney,publishedafterhisreturn,alsohelpedhimestablishhisreputationasoneofVictorianBritain’sacademicelite.Themainaimofthenewexpeditionistotrainandinspire200youngenvironmentalists,between18and25yearsold,whowilleachspendaweekonboardtheOosterscheldestudyingthreatenedspeciesthatDarwinencounteredonhisvoyage.“Wewantedtocreateasimilarlytransformativeexperience(fortheyoungnaturalists),”StewartMePherson,missiondirectorofDarwin200,saidinastatement.Theyhave”thepotentialtobetheSTEM(science,technology,engineering,andmathematics)andconservationleadersoftomorrow,”headded.Everyweek,theteamwillbroadcastinteractive“naturehour”sessionslivefromtheshipforpeopleacrosstheworld.Theywillalsocollectimportantdataonoceanplasticsandcoralreefhealth,aswellassurveyseabirds,whalesanddolphins.32．WhatcanwelearnaboutDarwin200fromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A．Ittakesalong200naturalists. B．Ittakesashortcutforthejourney.C．ItistomarkDarwin’sBeaglevoyage. D．ItlastslongerthanDarwin’svoyage.33．HowdidDarwin’svoyageaffecthim?A．Itestablishedhiswritingstyle. B．Hegainedasenseofadventure.C．Heearnedgreatfameandfortune D．Itchangedthedirectionofhislife.34．WhatisStewartMcPherson’swishfortheyoungnaturalists?A．Tobemorecreative. B．Tokeepanopenmind.C．Todevelopscientificskills. D．TochallengeDarwin’stheory.35．Whatdoestheteam’sresearchworkfocuson?A．Oceanconservation. B．Theexplorationofocean.C．Theartofnavigation. D．Scientificeducation.10.（2024·山東實驗中學(xué)·二模）Wouldapersonbornblind,whohaslearnedt