2022年中考英語語法專題復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)案非謂語動(dòng)詞

十非謂語動(dòng)詞考點(diǎn)一：動(dòng)詞不定時(shí)功能例句作主語ItisdifficulttobreatheonaplanetthathasmuchthinnerairthanthatontheEarth.作表語Agoodwaytotrainthebrainistodosomemathexerciseseveryday.作賓語Everychildwantstobetheprideoftheirparents.作賓語補(bǔ)足語Theteacheradvisedthecoupletotalkwiththeirsoninperson.作定語Idon'thaveapartnertopracticeEnglishwith.目的狀語HealsogoesontheInternettocheckthetimesoftrains,maketravelplans,andbuytickets.結(jié)果狀語IhurriedtogotoschoolonlytofindthatitwasSaturday.原因狀語Benwassoexcitedtoknowthathewonthefirstplaceintheexam.2.常接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語的動(dòng)詞/詞組decide決定wouldlike想要afford負(fù)擔(dān)得起 agree同意begin開始choose選擇 continue繼續(xù) dare敢expect期望 fail失敗forget忘記learn學(xué)習(xí) like喜歡 manage設(shè)法need需要plan計(jì)劃 prefer更喜歡prepare準(zhǔn)備 pretend假裝 promise承諾try盡力 want想要 wish/hope希望3.常接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動(dòng)詞advise建議 allow允許 ask要求expect期望 force強(qiáng)迫 help幫助invite邀請(qǐng) teach教 tell告訴want想要 warn警告 wish希望*在一些使役動(dòng)詞和感官動(dòng)詞后，要把不定式結(jié)構(gòu)中的to省略，但在變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，要把省略的to加上。常用的有：四看：watch,see,lookat,notice三使：let,make，have二聽：listento,hear一感覺：feel4.動(dòng)詞不定式的固定句型①too...to...表示“太……而不能……”。②...enoughto...表示“……足夠……”。③prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.表示“寧愿做某事而不愿做某事”。④Ittakes/tooksb.sometimetodosth.表示“做某事花費(fèi)某人多長時(shí)間”⑤Itis＋adj.＋for/ofsb.todosth.表示“做某事對(duì)于某人來說是……的/(某人能)做某事真是太……”⑥Whynot＋省略to的不定式⑦h(yuǎn)adbetter＋(not＋)省略to的不定式。5.疑問詞＋動(dòng)詞不定式動(dòng)詞不定式可以和疑問代詞who,what，which及疑問副詞when,how,where連用構(gòu)成不定式短語，在句中充當(dāng)主語、賓語、表語等成分。如：Whattodoisanimportantquestion.做什么是一個(gè)很重要的問題。(作主語)同步練習(xí)：()1.Readingisagoodway________theworld.A.forknow B.forknowsC.toknow D.toknows()2.Wearesupposed________somehouseworkwithourparentswhenwehavefreetime.A.toshare B.sharingC.shared D.share()3.Mytwocousinsdecide___________abusinesstogether.A.tostart B.starting C.start D.started()4.We'lldowhatwecan________thesickman.A.tohelp B.help C.helps D.helped()5.Thegovernmentplans__________anewschoolinthevillage.Manykidswouldhaveachancetogotoschool.A.tobuild B.build C.building D.built考點(diǎn)二：動(dòng)名詞功能例句說明作主語Seeingisbelieving.眼見為實(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)作表語Herhobbyisplantingdifferentkindsofflowers.＝Plantingdifferentkindsofflowersisherhobby.她的愛好是種植各種各樣的花多數(shù)情況下，動(dòng)名詞作表語可轉(zhuǎn)換成作主語作賓語IwillfinishreadingthebookandgiveareportnextMonday表示一般的習(xí)慣、抽象行為或經(jīng)常性動(dòng)作作定語Ourcountryisadevelopingcountry.只表示它所修飾的詞的用途、所屬關(guān)系等。置于被修飾詞之前2.常接動(dòng)名詞作賓語的動(dòng)詞/詞組/句型lookforwardto期待talkabout談?wù)揳void避免admit承認(rèn)consider考慮enjoy喜歡 finish完成 imagine想象keep堅(jiān)持 mind介意practice練習(xí)suggest建議 bebusy忙于……beworth值得keep/goon繼續(xù)succeedin成功be/getusedto習(xí)慣于can't/couldn'tstand不能忍受can't/couldn'thelp情不自禁havefun/trouble/problems/difficulty(in)．..……有樂趣/麻煩/問題/困難同步練習(xí)：()1.Wecanovercomeallthedifficultiesby__________together.A.work B.works C.working D.worked()2.Ilookforward________yousoon.A.see B.seeing C.tosee D.toseeing()3.Thefridgedoesn'twork.Whynotconsider________anewone?A.buy B.bought C.tobuy D.buying()4.Wetalkedabout________newwords.A.learn B.learned C.learning D.tolearn考點(diǎn)三：過去分詞功能例句作表語Nowonderhewasexcited.難怪他很興奮作定語IknowtheboycalledLiMing.我認(rèn)識(shí)那個(gè)叫李明的男孩作補(bǔ)足語Ihadmycomputerrepairedyesterday.昨天我讓人修理了我的電腦作狀語Discussedmanytimes,theproblemsweresolvedatlast.經(jīng)過多次討論，問題終于解決了。2.過去分詞作補(bǔ)足語的常見搭配keepsth.done使某物保持某種狀態(tài)havesth.done使某事被(人)做makesb./sth.done使某人被……/使某事被做同步練習(xí)：()1._______withmyfathe