高中英語(yǔ)人教版（2019）必修第三冊(cè)閱讀拓展及訓(xùn)練匯 總

必修三拓展閱讀及訓(xùn)練Unit1Festivalsandcelebrations時(shí)文領(lǐng)讀主題:人與社會(huì)--不同民背景導(dǎo)入:端午節(jié)是中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日中最古老、最受歡迎的節(jié)日之一。關(guān)于端午節(jié)你族文化習(xí)俗與傳統(tǒng)了解多少?端午節(jié)為什么有吃粽子和賽龍舟的習(xí)俗?請(qǐng)閱讀選自《中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)》的節(jié)日文章TheOriginoftheDragonBoatFestival。體裁:說(shuō)明文詞數(shù):341閱讀技巧:訓(xùn)練根據(jù)上下文猜測(cè)詞義的能力。難度:中閱讀用時(shí):9分鐘原文TheOriginoftheDragonBoatFestivalTheDragonBoatFestival,celebratedonthefifthdayofthefifthmonthoftheChineselunarcalendar,isoneoftheoldestandmostpopulartraditionalChinesefestivals.ThisfestivalisinhonourofQuYuanwhoisoneofChina'sbestpoets.TianWenorTheHeavenlyQuestionsisapiececontainedintheclassicalChinesepoetrycollectionofChuCi,whichisananthology"ofChinesepoetryfromtheWarringStatesperiod.TianWenwasthemostbelovedpoemandwaswrittenbyQuYuan.Thepoempostsover170questionstoHeavenaboutChinesemythology"andreligiousbeliefs,butthepoetdoesnotincludetheanswers.WhileQuYuanwasinexilein278BC,thestateofChuwasconqueredbythestateofQin.Seeinghisbelovedcountryruined,hewasleftheartbrokenandsoondiedAfternewsofQuYuan'sdeathspread,thepeopleofChu,whoadmiredQuYuangreatly,paddledtheirboatsoutandracedtosavehisbody.TheyracedfromMiluoRiverallthewaytoDongtingLake.ThepeoplewishedtostopthefishfromeatingQuYuan'sbodybydisturbingthewaterswiththeirpassage.Thisissaidtobetheoriginoftheyearlydragonboatrace.ItissaidthatthepeopleofChustartedthrowingzongzi(glutinousricestuffedwithdifferentfillingsandwrappedinbambooleaves)intothewaterinordertoattractthefishsothattheywouldnoteatthepoet'sbody.Theyalsopouredabigjarofstrongliquorintothewaterinordertocalmthewaterdragonsothatitwouldnoteathisbody.Thetraditionofmakingzongzilastsuptotodayandhasdevelopedintomanyvarieties.Alongwithriceandeggs,ingredientsmayincluderedbeanpaste,meat,anddates.Nowadays,peopleinSouthKorea,Japan,andthroughoutsoutheasternAsiaalsoenjoymakingzongzi.TraditionalChinesecultureputsmuchemphasisonmaintainingtheintegrityofthebodywhenapersondies.ThisisvividlydepictedinthislegendthatsurroundstheDragonBoatFestival.詞匯積累：①anthologyn.(不同作家作品的)選集 ②mythologyn.神話③exilen.流放;流亡 ④integrityn.完整;完好⑤depictvt.描繪閱讀訓(xùn)練lfyouareafruitgrower-orwouldliketobecomeone-takeadvantageofAppleDaytoseewhat'saround.It'scalledAppleDaybutinpracticeit'smorelikeAppleMonth.ThedayitselfisonOctober21,butsinceithascaughton,eventsnowspreadoutovermostofOctoberaroundBritain.Visitinganappleeventisagoodchancetosee,andoftentaste,awidevarietyofapples.TopeoplewhoareusedtothelimitedchoiceofapplessuchasGoldenDeliciousandRoyalGalainsupermarkets,itcanbequiteaneyeopenertoseetherangeofclassicalapplesstillinexistence,suchasDeciowhichwasgrownbytheRomans.Althoughitdoesn'tasteofanythingspecial,it'sstillworthatry,asistheknobbly(多疙瘩的)Cat'sHeadwhichismoreofacuriositythananythingelse.Therearealsovarietiesdevelopedtosuitspecificlocalconditions.OneoftheverybestvarietiesforeatingqualityisOrleansReinette,butyou'llneedawarm,shelteredplacewithperfectsoiltogrowit,soit'sapipedreamformostappleloverswhofallforit.Attheevents,youcanmeetexpertgrowersanddiscusswhichoneswillbestsuityourconditions,andbecausethesearefamilyaffairs,childrenarewellcateredforwithappletthemedfunandgames.AppleDaysarebeingheldatallsortsofplaceswithaninterestinfruit,includingstatelygardensandcommerciaorchards(果園).Ifyouwanttohavearealorchardexperience,tryvisitingtheNationalFruitCollectionatBrogdale,nearFavershaminKent.Whatcanpeopledoattheappleevents?A.Attendexperts’lectures B.Visitfruit-lovingfamiliesC.Plantfruittreesinanorchard4 D.Tastemanykindsofapples.2.WhatcanwelearnaboutDecio?A.Itisanewvariety. B.Ithasastrangelook.C.Itisrarelyseennow. D.Ithasaspecialtaste3.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“apipedream”inParagraph3mean?A.Apracticalidea. B.Avainhope.C.Abrilliantplan. D.Aselfishdesire.4.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Toshowhowtogrowapples B.Tointroduceanapplefestival.C.Tohelppeopleselectapples. D.Topromoteappleresearch.Unit2拓展閱讀時(shí)文領(lǐng)讀主題:人與社會(huì)--國(guó)際援助背景導(dǎo)入:國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)援助形成于二戰(zhàn)之后,逐漸成為一項(xiàng)國(guó)際公認(rèn)的政策，體裁:議論文援助國(guó)家主要是發(fā)展中國(guó)家。國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)援助已成為國(guó)際社會(huì)處理原文InternationalAidIsEssentialWiththeaccelerationofeconomicglobalisation,manycountrieshavestrengthenedtheirinternationalcooperationandliaison(聯(lián)絡(luò))inthefieldslikeindustry,agriculture,tradeandfinance.Forthesakeofmutualdevelopment,manydevelopedcountriessparenoefforttohelpthepoorcountriesbymeansoftechnological,medicalandfinancialaid,which,tomymind,isquiteessentialtothedevelopmentofthewholeworldcommunity.Firstly,aidfromdevelopedcountriesimprovespeople'slivingstandardanderadicates(消滅)povertyinthepoorcountries.Duetothebackwardnessofscienceandtechnology,aconsiderablenumberofpeopleinsomeunderdevelopedareassuchasAfrica,LatinAmericaandAsiasufferagreatdealfrompoverty,hungerandtheshortageofwater.Outofhumanism,internationalaidfromdevelopedcountrieshasimprovedtheirlivingstandardandhelpedthemwiththedevelopmentofagriculture,industryandeconomy.Atimelysupportcertainlyservesasagodsendtocountriesandpeopleinurgentneed.Secondly,aidtotheunderdevelopedcountriesinturnbenefitsthedonors.Duetothelimitationofnaturalandhumanresources,theproductioncostssoarsharplyinthedevelopedcountries.Withaviewtoreducingcosts,manycountriestransferredtheirassemblylinesandproductionbasestothedevelopingcountriesbecauseitcouldlowertheproductioncosts.Inanutshell,internationalaidhassatisfiedmutualinterestsasawin-winsolution.Therefore,thegovernmentsshouldtakeeffectivemeasurestobetterutiliseinternationalaid.Internationalaidisnecessaryformutualprosperityofthewholehumanity.詞匯積累：①accelerationn.加速;加快 ②mutualadj.共同的;相互的;彼此的③humanismn.人文主義 ④godsendn.及時(shí)雨;天賜之物⑤transfervi.&vt.轉(zhuǎn)移 ⑥utilisevt.利用;使用閱讀訓(xùn)練[課標(biāo)全國(guó)I2020·B篇]Returningtoabookyou'vereadmanytimescanfeellikedrinkswithanoldfriend.There'sawelcomefamiliarity-butalsosometimesaslightsuspicionthattimehaschangedyouboth,andthustherelationship.Butbooksdon'tchange,peopledo.Andthat'swhatmakestheactofrereadingsorichandtransformative.Thebeautyofrereadingliesintheideathatour!bondwiththeworkisbasedonourpresentmentalregister.It'strue,theolderIget,themoreIfeeltimehaswings.Butwithreading,it'sallaboutthepresent.Ir'saboutthenowandwhatonecontributestothenow,becausereadingisagiveandtakebetweenauthorandreader.Eachhastopulltheirownweight.TherearethreebooksIrereadannually.Thefirst,whichItaketoreadingeveryspring,isErnestHemingway'sAMoveableFeast.Publishedin1964,it'shisclassicmemoirof1920sParis.Thelanguageisalmostintoxicating(令人陶醉的),anagingwriterlookingbackonanambitiousyetsimplertime.AnotherisAnnieDillard'sHolytheFirm,herpoetic1975ramble(隨筆)abouteverythingandnothing.ThethirdbookisJulioCortázar'sSaveTwilight:SelectedPoems,becausepoetry.AndbecauseCortázar.WhileItendtobuyalotofbooks,thesethreeweregiventomeasgifts,whichmightaddtothemeaningIattachtothem.ButIimaginethat,whilemoneyisindeedwonderfulandnecessary,rereadinganauthor'sworkisthehighestcurrencyareadercanpaythem.Thebestbooksaretheonesthatopenfurtherastimepasses.Butremember,it'syouthathastogrowandreadandrereadinordertobetterunderstandyourfriends.1.Whydoestheauthorlikerereading?A.Itevaluatesthewriter-readerrelationship.B.It'sawindowtoawholenewworld.C.It'sasubstitutefordrinkingwithafriend.D.Itextendstheunderstandingofoneself.2.WhatdoweknowaboutthebookAMoveableFeast?A.It'sabriefaccountofatrip.B.It'saboutHemingway'slifeasayoungman.C.It'sarecordofahistoricevent.D.It'saboutHemingway'sfriendsinParis3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“currency”inparagraph4referto?A.Debt. B.Reward. C.Allowance. D.Facevalue.4.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromthetext?A.Helovespoetry B.He'saneditor.C.He'sveryambitious D.Heteachesreading.Unit3DiverseCultures時(shí)文領(lǐng)讀主題:人與社會(huì)--不同民族的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日體裁:說(shuō)明文詞數(shù):404難度:中閱讀用時(shí):7分鐘背景導(dǎo)入:中秋節(jié)是中國(guó)的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日,自古便有賞月、吃月餅等習(xí)俗。有些習(xí)俗流傳至今,經(jīng)久不息。本文介紹了人們?cè)谶@一節(jié)日除賞月、吃月餅外的幾個(gè)節(jié)日傳統(tǒng)。閱讀技巧:訓(xùn)練學(xué)生查找事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)的能力。原文TraditionsYouMayNotKnowAbouttheMid-AutumnFestivalinChinaTheMid-AutumnFestivalisthesecondgrandesttraditionalfestivalinChinaafterChineseNewYear.It'satimewhenfamiliescometogethertoappreciatethefullmoonandeatmooncakes.Infact,besidesthesetwotraditions,therearemanyothers.1.WatchingthetideInancienttimes,watchingthetideontheQiantangRiverinEastChina'sZhejiangProvincewasanothergrandeventoftheMid-AutumnFestival.Thetideisverytorrential(傾瀉的)andmagnificentandattractsmanyonlookers.Today,watchingthetideontheQiantangRiverisstillacharacteristiceventforthefestival.2.MakingcolourfullanternsOnthenightoftheMid-AutumnFestival,theskyisclearaswater,andthemoonisfullandbrightlikeamirror.Peopleusuallymakecolourfullanternstodecoratethebeautifulnight.Theymakethelanternsindifferentshapestobehungontreesorhouses,orfloatedonrivers.TheyalsomakeKongminglanterns,whichcanflybecausetheburningcandlesheattheairinthelanterns.Childrenwritegoodwishesonthelanternsandletthemflyupintothesky.3.PlayingclayrabbitsTheclayrabbitisatraditionalhandicraftinBeijingattheMid-AutumnFestival.BasedonanimageoftheJadeRabbitfromthestoryofChang'eintheMoonPalace,aclayrabbitispersonalisedandmadeinanartisticform.SomepeopleimitateBeijingOperacharactersandcarvetherabbitinastylisedway,suchasawarriorwithagoldenhelmetandarmour,ridinglions,elephantsorotherbeasts,orsomeridingpeacocks,cranesorotherbirds.4.EatingriversnailsPeoplebelievethateatingriversnailsattheMid-AutumnFestivalcanmaketheeyesclear.RiversnailsarerichinvitaminA,whichisanimportantsubstanceinvisualpigments(視色素).Aroundthefestival,therearenosmallriversnailsintheabdomens(腹部)oflargerriversnails.Therefore,theirmeatisespeciallyfatanddelicious.Itisthebesttimetoeatriversnails.Nowadays,manyfamiliesinGuangzhoueatfriedriversnailsduringthefestival.5.Drinkingosmanthus-flavouredwine(桂花酒)Osmanthusflowersbloomandspreadasweetscentinautumn.Osmanthus-flavouredwineisagiftduringthisseason.Drinkingosmanthus-flavouredwineattheMid-AutumnFestivalimpliessweetness,wealthandauspiciousness(吉祥),andprosperityofthefamily.詞匯拓展：①magnificentadj.壯麗的;宏偉的 ②handicraftn.手工藝品③personalisevt.為個(gè)人特制(或?qū)ＴO(shè)) ④imitatevt.模仿⑤carvev.&vi.雕刻 ⑥substancen.物質(zhì)⑦prosperityn.昌盛;繁榮閱讀訓(xùn)練[課標(biāo)全國(guó)Ⅲ2020·C篇]Withtheyoungunabletoaffordtoleavehomeandtheoldatriskofisolation(孤獨(dú))，morefamiliesarechoosingtolivetogether.Thedoorwaytopeaceandquiet,forNickBrightatleast,leadsstraighttohismother-in-law:shelivesonthegroundfloor,whilehelivesupstairswithhiswifeandtheirtwodaughters.Fouryearsagotheyallmovedintoathree-storeyVictorianhouseinBristol-oneofa.growingnumberofmulti generationalfamiliesintheUKlivingtogetherunderthesameroof.Theyshareafrontdoorandawashingmachine,butRitaWhiteheadhasherownkitchen,bathroom,bedroomandlivingroomonthegroundfloor.“Wefloatedtheideatomymumofsharingahouse,”saysKathrynWhitehead.Ritacutsin:“WespokemorewithNickbecauseIthinkit'sabigthingforNicktolivewithhismother-in-law.”AndwhatdoesNickthink?“Frommystandpoint,itallseemstoworkverywell.WouldIrecommendit?Yes,IthinkIwould."It'shardtotellexactlyhowmanypeopleagreewithhim,butresearchindicatesthatthenumbershavebeenrisingforsometime.Officialreportssuggestthatthenumberofhouseholdswiththreegenerationslivingtogetherhadrisenfrom325,000in2001to419,000in2013.Othervarietiesofmultigenerationalfamilyaremorecommon.Somepeoplelivewiththeirelderlyparents;manymoreadultchildrenarereturningtothefamilyhome,iftheyeverleft.Itissaidthatabout20%of25-34-year-oldslivewiththeirparents,comparedwith16%in1991.ThetotalnumberofallmultigenerationalhouseholdsinBritainisthoughttobeabout1.8million.Storieslikethataremorecommoninpartsoftheworldwheremultigenerationallivingismorefirmlyrooted.InIndia,particularlyoutsidecities,youngwomenareexpectedtomoveinwiththeirhusband'sfamilywhentheygetmarried.1.WhomainlyusesthegroundfloorintheVictorianhouseinBristol?A.Nick. B.Rita. C.Kathryn. D.Thedaughters.2.WhatisNick'sattitudetowardssharingthehousewithhismother-in-law?A.Positive. B.Carefree. C.Tolerant. D.Unwilling.3.Whatistheauthor'sstatementaboutmultigenerationalfamilybasedon?A.Familytraditions B.Financialreports.C.Publishedstatistics. D.Publicopinions.4.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Lifestylesindifferentcountries.B.Conflictsbetweengenerations.C.AhousingprobleminBritain.D.ArisingtrendoflivingintheUK.Unit4SpaceExploration時(shí)文領(lǐng)讀主題:人與自然--宇宙奧秘探索體裁:說(shuō)明文詞數(shù):355難度:中閱讀用時(shí):8分鐘背景導(dǎo)入:星曾經(jīng)有河流、湖泊和海洋。雖然這個(gè)星球現(xiàn)在像荒漠一樣干旱，但科學(xué)家們說(shuō)大部分的水仍然存在，只是被封鎖在巖石里。閱讀技巧:訓(xùn)練學(xué)生歸納主旨大意和概括文章標(biāo)題的能力。拓展閱讀Marswasoncewet,withanocean'sworthofwateronitssurface.Today,mostofMarsisasdryasadesertexceptforicedepositsinitspolarregions.Wheredidtherestofthewatergo?Mostofthewater,anewstudyconcludes,wentdown,sucked?intotheredplanet'srocks.Andthereitremains,trappedwithinmineralsandsalts.Indeed,asmuchas99percentofthewaterthatonceflowedonMarscouldstillbethere,theresearchersestimatedinapaperpublishedinthejournalScience.DatafromthepasttwodecadesofroboticmissionstoMarsshowedawidedistribution3ofwhatgeologistscallhydratedminerals.BethanyL.Ehlmann,oneoftheauthorsofthepaper,saidthatastherocksarealteredbyliquidwater,watermolecules(分子)becomeincorporatedintomineralslikeclays.OnEarth,aboutonein5,000hydrogenatomsisaversionknownasdeuterium(氘,重氫)thatistwiceasheavybecauseitsnucleus(原子核)containsbothaneutronandaproton.ButonMars,theconcentrationofdeuteriumismarkedlyhigher,aboutonein700.ScientistsattheNASAGoddardSpaceFlightCenterwhoreportedthisfindingin2015saidthiscouldbeusedtocalculatetheamountofwaterMarsoncehad.MarsprobablystartedwithasimilarratioofdeuteriumtohydrogenasEarth,butthefraction(少量)ofdeuteriumincreasedovertimeasthewaterevaporatedandhydrogenwaslosttospace,becausetheheavierdeuteriumislesslikelytoescapetheatmosphere.Theproblemwiththatstory,saidRenyuHu,ascientistatNASA'sJetPropulsionLaboratoryandanotherauthorofthecurrentSciencepaper,isthatMarshasnotbeenlosinghydrogenfastenough.MeasurementsbyNASA'sMarsAtmosphereandVolatileEvolutionorbiterhaveshowedthatthecurrentrate,extrapolated(推斷)overfourbillionyearscanonlyaccountforasmallfractionofthewaterloss.ThisisnotenoughtoexplainthegreatdryingofMars.Thatledtothenewresearchconcludingthatagreatmajorityofwaterwentintotherocks.詞匯積累：①depositn.(地下自然形成的)沉積物,沉積層②suckv.(以巨大的力量)吸,吸引,使卷入③distributionn.分布 ④alterv.改變⑤incorporatev.吸收;使并人⑥evaporatev.蒸發(fā);揮發(fā)閱讀訓(xùn)練[課標(biāo)全國(guó)Ⅱ2019·D篇]Bacteriaareanannoyingproblemforastronauts.Themicroorganisms(微生物)fromourbodiesgrowuncontrollablyonsurfacesoftheInternationalSpaceStation,soastronautsspendhourscleaningthemupeachweek.HowisNASAovercomingthisverytinybigproblem?It'sturningtoabunchofhighschoolkids.Butnotjustanykids.ItisdependingonNASAHUNCHhighschoolclassrooms,liketheonescienceteachersGeneGordonandDonnaHimmelbergleadatFairportHighSchoolinFairport,NewYork.HUNCHisdesignedtoconnecthighschoolclassroomswithNASAengineers.Forthepasttwoyears,Gordon'sstudentshavebeenstudyingwaystokillbacteriainzerogravity,andtheythinkthey'reclosetoasolution(解決方案).“Wedon'tgivethestudentsanybreaks.TheyhavetodoitjustlikeNASAengineers,"saysFlorenceGold,aprojectmanager.“Therearenotests,"Gordonsays.“Thereisnogradedhomework.Therealmostarenogrades,otherthan'Areyouworkingtowardsyourgoal?’Basically,it's'I'vegottoproducethisproductandthen,attheendoftheyear,presentittoNASA.’Engineerscomeandreallydoanin-personreview,and...it'snotaverynicethingattimes.It'sahardbusinessreviewofyourproduct."GordonsaystheHUNCHprogramhasanimpact(影響)oncollegeadmissionsandpracticallifeskills.“ThesekidsaresoabsorbedintheirstudiesthatIjustsitback.Idon'tteach."Andthatannoyingbacteria?GordonsayshisstudentsareemailingdailywithNASAengineersabouttheproblem,readyingaworkablesolutiontotestinspace.1.WhatdoweknowaboutthebacteriaintheInternationalSpaceStation?A.Theyarehardtogetridof. B.Theyleadtoairpollution.C.Theyappearindifferentforms D.Theydamagetheinstruments.2.WhatisthepurposeoftheHUNCHprogram?A.Tostrengthenteacher-studentrelationshipsB.Tosharpenstudents’communicationskills.C.Toallowstudentstoexperiencezerogravity.D.Tolinkspacetechnologywithschooleducation.3.WhatdotheNASAengineersdoforthestudentsintheprogram?A.Checktheirproduct. B.Guideprojectdesigns.C.Adjustworkschedules. D.Gradetheirhomework.4.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.NASA:TheHomeofAstronauts B.Space:TheFinalHomeworkFrontierC.Nature:AnOutdoorClassroom D.HUNCH:ACollegeAdmissionReformUnit5拓展閱讀時(shí)文領(lǐng)讀主題:人與自我--正確的人生態(tài)度體裁:議論文詞數(shù):402難度:中閱讀用時(shí):9分鐘背景導(dǎo)入:對(duì)于父母是否應(yīng)該給孩子零用錢這個(gè)話題,人們一直爭(zhēng)論不休。重要的是,父母應(yīng)教會(huì)孩子如何正確使用零用錢,培養(yǎng)孩子的金錢意識(shí),這對(duì)孩子未來(lái)的生活具有重要意義。閱讀技巧:訓(xùn)練學(xué)生通過(guò)語(yǔ)境線索進(jìn)行合理推斷的能力。原文HowanAllowanceHelpsChildrenLearnAboutMoneyManychildrenfirstlearnthevalueofmoneybyreceivinganallowance".Thepurposeistoletchildrenlearnfromexperienceatanagewhenfinancialmistakesarenotverycostly.Theamountofmoneythatparentsgivetotheirchildrentospendastheywishdiffersfromfamilytofamily.Timingisanotherconsideration.Somechildrengetaweeklyallowance.Othersgetamonthlyallowance.Inanycase,parentsshouldmakeclearwhat,ifanything,thechildexpectstopayforwiththemoney.Atfirst,youngchildrenmayspendalloftheirallowancessoonaftertheyreceivethem.lftheydothis.theywilllearnthehardwaythatspendingmustbedonewithinabudget.Parentsareusuallyadvisednottooffermoremoneyuntilthenextallowance.Theobjectistoshowyoungpeoplethatabudgetdemandschoicesbetweenspendingandsaving.Olderchildrenmayberesponsibleenoughtosavemoneyforlargercosts,likeclothingorelectronics5.Manypeoplewhohavewrittenonthesubjectofallowancessayitisnotagoodideatopaychildrenforworkaroundthehome.Thesejobsareanormalpartoffamilylife.Payingchildrentodoextraworkaroundthehouse,however,canbeuseful.Itcanevenprovideanunderstandingofhowabusinessworks.Allowancesgivechildrenachancetoexperiencethethingstheycandowithmoney.Theycanshareitintheformofgiftsorgivingtoagoodcause.Theycanspenditbybuyingthingstheywant.Ortheycansaveandmaybeeveninvestit.Savinghelpschildrenunderstandthatcostlygoalsrequiresacrifice:YouhavetocutcostsandplanforthefutureRequiringchildrentosavepartoftheirallowancescanalsoopenthedoortofuturesavingandinvesting.Manybanksofferservicestohelpchildrenandteenagerslearnaboutpersonalfinance.Asavingsaccountisanexcellentwaytolearnaboutthe