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普通高校專升本英語閱讀理解專項強化真題試卷10(題后含答案及解析)題型有:1.Readingisthoughttobeakindofconversationbetweenthereaderandthetext.Thereaderputsquestions,asitwere,tothetextandgetsanswers.Inthelightoftheseheputsfurtherquestions,andsoon.Formostofthetimethis‘‘conversation”goesonbelowthelevelofconsciousness.Attimes,however,webecomeawareofit.Thisisusuallywhenwearerunningintodifficulties,whenmismatchisoccurringbetweenexpectationsandmeaning.Whensuccessfulmatchingisbeingexperienced,ourquestioningofthetextcontinuesattheunconsciouslevel.Differentpeopleconversewiththetextdifferently.Somestayveryclosetothewordsonthepage:otherstakeoffimaginativelyfromthewords,interpreting,criticizing,analyzingandexamining.Theformerrepresentsakindofcomprehensionwhichiswritteninthetext.Thelatterrepresentshigherlevelsofcomprehension.Thebalancebetweentheseisimportant,especiallyforadvancedreaders.Thereisanotherconversationwhichfromourpointofviewisequallyimportant,andthatistodonotwithwhatisreadbutwithhowitisread.Wecallthisa“process”conversationasopposedtoa“content”conversation.Itisconcernednotwithmeaningbutwiththestrategiesweemployinreading.Ifweareanadvancedreaderourabilitytoholdaprocessconversationwithatextisusuallyprettywelldeveloped.Notsoourabilitytoholdacontentconversation.Itispreciselythiskindofconversationthatisofimportancewhenweareseekingtodevelopourreadingtomeetthenewdemandsbeingplaceduponusbystudyingatahigherlevel.1.Accordingtotheauthor,whenwillourreadingbecomeconscious?A.Whenthereader’sexpectationsmatchwithwhatissaidinthetext.B.Whenthereaderhastroubleunderstandingwhattheauthorsays.C.Whenthereaderaskstoughquestionsandgetsproperanswers.D.Whenthereaderunderstandsatextwithnodifficulties.正確答案:B解析:通過閱讀題干,whenwillourreadingbecomeconscious?劃線部分就是關鍵詞,而且要知道該詞具有同義詞aware,意思是“有意識的”;回到原文尋找關鍵詞,在第二段的第一句找到consciousness,在第二句找到aware;接下來的幾句就是答案了,thisisusuallywhenwearerunningintodifficulty,本句與選項Bhastroubleunderstanding….相符,但與D選項中withnodifficulties相悖,所以排除D;且原文第三行的mismatch與A選項中的match相悖,所以排除A;B與D是意思相反的兩個選項,答案就在二者之一。所以確定B就是答案。2.Atalowerlevelofcomprehension,readerstendto______.A.readatextslowlyandcarefullyB.readwithoutthinkinghardC.interpretatextintheirownwayD.focusonthemeaningofwordsonly正確答案:D解析:通過閱讀題干,atalowerlevelofcomprehension,readerstendto______.劃線部分就是關鍵詞,上一題目是第二段,所以本題的目標段應為第三段,在此段中第三行的最后一個字找到higherlevel,正好與我們的目標詞是反義詞,原文中說thelatterrepresentshigherlevelsofcomprehension,前面出現(xiàn)了他theformer“前者”,說明前者就是thelowerlevel,再從本段前面去尋找,第一段的第一行,somestayveryclosetothewordsonthepage;otherstakeoff….分號前就是前者,看選項與該部分相符的是D,所以D即為正確答案。3.A“process”conversationhastodowith______.A.theapplicationofreadingstrategiesB.matchingourexpectationswiththemeaningofatextC.thedevelopmentofourabilitytocheckthedetailsD.determiningthemainideaofatext正確答案:A解析:通過閱讀題干A“process”conversationhastodowith______.劃線部分就是關鍵詞,回到原文中尋找,在最后一段的第二行鎖定目標詞,A選項中的readingstrategies“閱讀策略”與在原文中距離目標詞最近,itisconcernednotwithmeaningbutwiththestrategies…,(it代表processconversation,它與策略而不是意義有關);由此A即為正確答案。4.Accordingtothepassage,itisofgreatimportanceforreadersatahigherleveltomaintainabalancebetween______.A.consciousandunconsciouslevelsofcomprehensionB.thereader’sexpectationsandthemeaningofatextC.lowerandhigherlevelsofcomprehensionD.interpretingandcriticizingatext正確答案:C解析:閱讀題干itisofgreatimportanceforreadersatahigherleveltomaintainabalancebetween______.劃線部分就是目標詞,回到原文中尋找,在倒數(shù)第二段的最后一句中鎖定目標詞balance,以及上句話中的thelatterrepresentshigherlevels…,從上文中可知是維持低水平與高水平的平衡,所以與C選項相符,由此C即為正確答案。Thepovertylineisthelowestincomethatpeopleneedforanacceptablestandardofliving.Peoplewithincomebelowthepovertylineareconsideredpoor.Economistsstudythecausesofpovertyinordertofindsolutionstotheproblem.AbouttenpercentofthepeopleintheUnitedStatesarebelowthepovertyline.However,ifthesepeoplehadstablejobs,theycouldhaveanacceptablestandardofliving.Economistssuggestseveralreasonswhypoorpeopledonothavejobs.Foronething,morethanhalfofthepeopleintheUnitedStatesarenotqualifiedtowork.Over40percentofthepoorpeoplearechildren.Bylaw,childrenlessthan16yearsoldcannotworkinmanyindustries.Andalargenumberofpoorpeopleareold.Manycompaniesdonothirepeopleover65yearsold.Somepooradultsdonotlookforjobsforavarietyofpersonalreasons:theyaresick,theyhavefamilyproblems,ortheydonotbelievethattheycanfindajob.Otherpoorpeoplelookforajobbutcannotfindone.Manypooradultsneverwenttohighschool.Therefore,whentheylookforjobs,theyhavefewskillsthattheycanoffer.Atthepresenttime,thegovernmentthinksitcanreducepovertyinthecountryinthefollowingways.First,ifthenationaleconomygrows,companieshiremoreworkers.Someofthepoormayfindajob,andtheywillnolongerbebelowthepovertyline.Second,ifthegovernmentspendsmoneyonsocialprograms,educationandtrainingforthepoorpeople,thepoorwillhavetheskilltooffer.Thenitismorelikelythattheycanfindjobs.Finally,ifthegovernmentdistributessociety’sincomedifferently,itraisessomepoorpeopleabovethepovertyline.Thegovernmentcollectstaxesfromthenon-poorandgivesmoneytothepoor.Thesepaymentstothepoorarecalledwelfare.Someeconomistsarelookingforbettersolutionstothepovertyproblem.However,atthepresenttime,manypeoplestilldependonwelfaretoliveapoorlife.5.Theauthor’smainpurposetowritethisarticleis______.A.toinformusofwhatthepovertylineisB.toexplainwhysomepeoplearepoorC.tofindsolutionstotheproblemofpovertyD.toshowsympathyforthosepoorpeople正確答案:C解析:通過閱讀題干theauthor’smainpurpose,得知此題為主旨大意題型,重點閱讀第一段或最后一段的首句和末句。第一段的前兩句解釋了貧困線的定義及劃分,最后一句表明“經濟學家研究貧困的原因為了找到問題的解決方法(solution);最后一段的首句也提到了solution。據(jù)此,選擇四個選項中有solution的,即C為正確答案。6.HowmanypeopleareconsideredpoorintheUnitedStates?A.Morethan50percent.B.About10percent.C.Over16percent.D.Over40percent.正確答案:B解析:通過閱讀選項知道本題與數(shù)字有關,本題屬于這篇閱讀的第二個題,所以目標段應該在第二段,集中在本段中的數(shù)字。開頭就可看到abouttenpercentofthepeopleintheUnitedStates,且劃線部分與本題題干相符,所以選項B即為正確答案。7.MostoftheAmericanpoorpeoplearenotqualifiedforemploymentbecause____.A.theydonothavemotivationtoworkB.theyareill-educatedandhavefewskillsC.theyaretooyoungortoooldtoworkD.theyhavephysicalandfamilyproblems正確答案:C解析:通過閱讀題干mostoftheAmericanpoorpeoplearenotqualifiedforemploymentbecause______.劃線部分是關鍵詞,回到原文尋找與其相符的目標部分,在第三段中鎖定在首句,后面提到的內容都是與年齡有關的內容,第二行中有16yearsold,倒數(shù)第二行的最后一個字是65yearsold.這表明主要原因是年齡太小或太大。所以選項中與年齡有關的措辭是C;由此C即為答案。8.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Bettersolutionstothepovertyproblemsarenotyetfound.B.Welfaresystemwillenablepeopletobecomerich.C.Poorpeopleareboundtoberichifrichpeoplehelpthem.D.Employmentisthebestsolutiontothepovertyproblem.正確答案:A解析:通過閱讀題干知道本題為推斷題(infer),分析四個選項A和D中都存在solution,而A選項的內容就是本文最后一段的首句的含義。D中具有最高級best,通常在原文中出現(xiàn)最高級時,才有可能選最高級。所以A即為正確答案。A)Onmywayhome,Ihelpedtocatchathiefwhohadrobbedanoldmanofhiswallet.B)OnlyLijunknowshowtogetintouchwithhim.C)AssoonasIwentintotheroom,somebodycametoshowmewheretosit.D)Thedrivertooktheoldladytoanearbyhospitalimmediately.9.司機趕快把老太太送到附近的醫(yī)院。A.B.C.D.正確答案:D10.我在網(wǎng)家的路上幫忙抓住了一個搶老人錢包的小偷。A.B.C.D.正確答案:A11.只有李軍知道怎樣與她聯(lián)系。A.B.C.D.正確答案:B12.我一進屋就有人過來指點我坐在那里。A.B.C.D.正確答案:CA)ItisthebesthotelthatIhaveeverstayedin.B)Childasheis,Tomcanrecitemorethanonehundredpoems.C)Weshouldgivehimachancetoturnoveranewleaf.D)It’sapitythatyoushouldhavefailedinthefinalexamlastterm.13.盡管湯姆還是個孩子,他能背誦一百多首詩歌。A.B.C.D.正確答案:B14.你沒能通過上學期的期末考試,真是太遺憾了。A.B.C.D.正確答案:D15.我們應該給他一個改過自新的機會。A.B.C.D.正確答案:C16.這是我所住過的最好的旅館。A.B.C.D.正確答案:ATopreservefood,thegrowthofbacteria(細菌)mustbecontrolled.Water,warmth,andfoodareallneededforbacteriatobecomestrongandhealthy.Somekindsofbacterianeedair,butotherkindsgrowonlywhenairisabsent.Extremesoftemperature,eitherhotorcold,cankillbacteria.Beforeelectricice-boxeswereinvented,freezingandcoolingwerelimitedbythecoldclimate.Inwarmerregions,foodwascooledbyputtingitintheshade,incoldwaterfromthewell,orinpits(坑)intheground.Cookingwillusuallykillbacteriaifthetemperatureishighenoughandthehightemperaturelastslongenough.Certainmethodsofcookingremovewater,andthisaidsinpreservingfood.Dryingistheoldestandmostcommonmethodofpreservingfood.Foodcanbedriedbythesun,byheatorbycombinationofthetwo.Saltwasusedbymanyhuntingpeople.Whenpeoplebegantoeatvegetables,saltbecameaneededpartoftheirlife.Salthelpstopreservefoodbecauseitslowsorstopsbacteriatogrow.Otherchemicalsbesidessaltareusedinpreservingfood.Somepeopleopposetheuseofchemicalsinfood.Theysaythatthesechemicalsmayharmpeopleifthechemicalscanharmbacteria.17.Howcanwepreservefoodaccordingtothefirstparagraph?A.Bycontrollingthetemperature.B.Byputtingfoodinarefrigerator.C.Bycontrollingthegrowthofbacteria.D.Byputtingfoodinaplacewithoutair.正確答案:C解析:事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第一段首句可知,要想保存食物,必須控制細菌的生長,所以C為正確答案。18.Cookingisaneffectivewayinpreservingfoodbecause______.A.allcookingmethodsremovewaterB.cookingcanmakethefoodbecomedryC.thelightincookingcankillbacteriaD.cookingcankillbacteria正確答案:D解析:事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第三段第一、二句可知,在一定的條件下(即溫度夠高、烹飪時間夠長),烹飪法能殺死細菌,因此是一種保存食物的有效方法。19.Themethodofsaltingfood______.A.wasnotusedinthepastB.involvestheuseofchemicalsC.isnotlikedbymostpeopleD.isnolongerusedbyhunter正確答案:B解析:推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段第三、四句“…Otherchemicalsbesidessaltareusedinpreservingfood.”可知,除了食鹽之外,還有其他的化學物質被用來保存食物。注意,besides為“除……之外,還有”之意,故可推出,腌制法包含了化學物質(即食鹽)的使用。故選B。20.Whyaremanypeopleagainsttheuseofchemicalstopreservefood?A.Becausechemicalsarenotnecessaryforpreservingfood.B.Becauseasmallquantityofbacteriainfoodisgoodforthebody.C.Becausethosechemicalsthatkillbacteriamaynotbegoodforpeople.D.Becausethereareotherbetterwaystopreservefood.正確答案:C解析:事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章最后一段最后兩句可知,人們反對使用化學物質來保存食物的原因是“thesechemicalsmayharmpeopleif...”,C項是其同義轉述。故選C。21.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Waysofpreservingfood.B.Thebacteriainourfood.C.Theimportanceofpreservingfood.D.Waysofcookingfood.正確答案:A解析:主旨大意題。在第一段作者介紹了保存食物的原理,從第二段起開始介紹保存食物的各種方法,如冷凍法、烹飪法、曬干法、腌制法等。因此,文章的主旨是保存食物的不同方法。故選A。Maybeten-year-oldElizabethputitbestwhenshesaidtoherfather,“But,Dad,youcan’tbehealthyifyou’redead.“Dad,inahurrytogethomebeforedarksohecouldgoforarun,hadforgottentowearhissafetybelt—amistake75%oftheUSpopulationmakeeveryday.Thebigquestioniswhy.Therehavebeenmanymythsaboutsafetybeltseversincetheirfirstappearanceincarssomefortyyearsago.Thefollowingaretwoofthemostcommon.MythNumberOne:Safetybelts“trap”peopleincarsthatareburningorsinkinginwater.Truth:Sorry,butstudiesshowthatpeopleknockedunconsciousduetonotwearingsafetybeltshaveagreaterchanceofdyingintheseaccidents.Peoplewearingsafetybeltsareusuallyprotectedtothepointofhavingaclearheadtofreethemselvesfromsuchdangeroussituation,nottobetrappedinthem.MythNumberTwo:Safetybeltsaren’tneededatspeedsoflessthan30milesperhour(mph).Truth:Whentwocarstravelingat30mphhiteachother,anunbelteddriverwouldmeetthewindshieldwithaforceequaltodivingheadfirstintothegroundfromaheightof10meters.22.WhydidElizabethsaytoherfather,“But,Dad,youcan’tbehealthyifyou’redead”?A.Hewasdrivingatgreatspeed.B.Hewasrunningacrossthestreet.C.Hedidn’thavehissafetybelton.D.Hedidn’ttakehismedicineontime.正確答案:C解析:推理判斷題。從文章第二段可知,父親急于在天黑前趕回家跑步,而忘了系上安全帶。由此可推知,小女孩這樣說是因為她爸爸沒有系上安全帶。故選C。23.Thereasonfatherwasinahurrytogethomewasthathe______.A.wasn’t
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