普通高校專升本英語閱讀理解專項強化真題試卷10(題后含答案及解析)

普通高校專升本英語閱讀理解專項強化真題試卷10(題后含答案及解析)題型有：1.Readingisthoughttobeakindofconversationbetweenthereaderandthetext.Thereaderputsquestions,asitwere,tothetextandgetsanswers.Inthelightoftheseheputsfurtherquestions,andsoon.Formostofthetimethis‘‘conversation”goesonbelowthelevelofconsciousness.Attimes,however,webecomeawareofit.Thisisusuallywhenwearerunningintodifficulties,whenmismatchisoccurringbetweenexpectationsandmeaning.Whensuccessfulmatchingisbeingexperienced,ourquestioningofthetextcontinuesattheunconsciouslevel.Differentpeopleconversewiththetextdifferently.Somestayveryclosetothewordsonthepage:otherstakeoffimaginativelyfromthewords,interpreting,criticizing,analyzingandexamining.Theformerrepresentsakindofcomprehensionwhichiswritteninthetext.Thelatterrepresentshigherlevelsofcomprehension.Thebalancebetweentheseisimportant,especiallyforadvancedreaders.Thereisanotherconversationwhichfromourpointofviewisequallyimportant,andthatistodonotwithwhatisreadbutwithhowitisread.Wecallthisa“process”conversationasopposedtoa“content”conversation.Itisconcernednotwithmeaningbutwiththestrategiesweemployinreading.Ifweareanadvancedreaderourabilitytoholdaprocessconversationwithatextisusuallyprettywelldeveloped.Notsoourabilitytoholdacontentconversation.Itispreciselythiskindofconversationthatisofimportancewhenweareseekingtodevelopourreadingtomeetthenewdemandsbeingplaceduponusbystudyingatahigherlevel.1．Accordingtotheauthor,whenwillourreadingbecomeconscious?A．Whenthereader’sexpectationsmatchwithwhatissaidinthetext.B．Whenthereaderhastroubleunderstandingwhattheauthorsays.C．Whenthereaderaskstoughquestionsandgetsproperanswers.D．Whenthereaderunderstandsatextwithnodifficulties.正確答案：B解析：通過閱讀題干，whenwillourreadingbecomeconscious?劃線部分就是關(guān)鍵詞，而且要知道該詞具有同義詞aware，意思是“有意識的”；回到原文尋找關(guān)鍵詞，在第二段的第一句找到consciousness，在第二句找到aware；接下來的幾句就是答案了，thisisusuallywhenwearerunningintodifficulty，本句與選項Bhastroubleunderstanding…．相符，但與D選項中withnodifficulties相悖，所以排除D；且原文第三行的mismatch與A選項中的match相悖，所以排除A；B與D是意思相反的兩個選項，答案就在二者之一。所以確定B就是答案。2．Atalowerlevelofcomprehension,readerstendto______.A．readatextslowlyandcarefullyB．readwithoutthinkinghardC．interpretatextintheirownwayD．focusonthemeaningofwordsonly正確答案：D解析：通過閱讀題干，atalowerlevelofcomprehension，readerstendto______．劃線部分就是關(guān)鍵詞，上一題目是第二段，所以本題的目標(biāo)段應(yīng)為第三段，在此段中第三行的最后一個字找到higherlevel，正好與我們的目標(biāo)詞是反義詞，原文中說thelatterrepresentshigherlevelsofcomprehension，前面出現(xiàn)了他theformer“前者”，說明前者就是thelowerlevel，再從本段前面去尋找，第一段的第一行，somestayveryclosetothewordsonthepage；otherstakeoff…．分號前就是前者，看選項與該部分相符的是D，所以D即為正確答案。3．A“process”conversationhastodowith______.A．theapplicationofreadingstrategiesB．matchingourexpectationswiththemeaningofatextC．thedevelopmentofourabilitytocheckthedetailsD．determiningthemainideaofatext正確答案：A解析：通過閱讀題干A“process”conversationhastodowith______．劃線部分就是關(guān)鍵詞，回到原文中尋找，在最后一段的第二行鎖定目標(biāo)詞，A選項中的readingstrategies“閱讀策略”與在原文中距離目標(biāo)詞最近，itisconcernednotwithmeaningbutwiththestrategies…，(it代表processconversation，它與策略而不是意義有關(guān))；由此A即為正確答案。4．Accordingtothepassage,itisofgreatimportanceforreadersatahigherleveltomaintainabalancebetween______.A．consciousandunconsciouslevelsofcomprehensionB．thereader’sexpectationsandthemeaningofatextC．lowerandhigherlevelsofcomprehensionD．interpretingandcriticizingatext正確答案：C解析：閱讀題干itisofgreatimportanceforreadersatahigherleveltomaintainabalancebetween______．劃線部分就是目標(biāo)詞，回到原文中尋找，在倒數(shù)第二段的最后一句中鎖定目標(biāo)詞balance，以及上句話中的thelatterrepresentshigherlevels…，從上文中可知是維持低水平與高水平的平衡，所以與C選項相符，由此C即為正確答案。Thepovertylineisthelowestincomethatpeopleneedforanacceptablestandardofliving.Peoplewithincomebelowthepovertylineareconsideredpoor.Economistsstudythecausesofpovertyinordertofindsolutionstotheproblem.AbouttenpercentofthepeopleintheUnitedStatesarebelowthepovertyline.However,ifthesepeoplehadstablejobs,theycouldhaveanacceptablestandardofliving.Economistssuggestseveralreasonswhypoorpeopledonothavejobs.Foronething,morethanhalfofthepeopleintheUnitedStatesarenotqualifiedtowork.Over40percentofthepoorpeoplearechildren.Bylaw,childrenlessthan16yearsoldcannotworkinmanyindustries.Andalargenumberofpoorpeopleareold.Manycompaniesdonothirepeopleover65yearsold.Somepooradultsdonotlookforjobsforavarietyofpersonalreasons:theyaresick,theyhavefamilyproblems,ortheydonotbelievethattheycanfindajob.Otherpoorpeoplelookforajobbutcannotfindone.Manypooradultsneverwenttohighschool.Therefore,whentheylookforjobs,theyhavefewskillsthattheycanoffer.Atthepresenttime,thegovernmentthinksitcanreducepovertyinthecountryinthefollowingways.First,ifthenationaleconomygrows,companieshiremoreworkers.Someofthepoormayfindajob,andtheywillnolongerbebelowthepovertyline.Second,ifthegovernmentspendsmoneyonsocialprograms,educationandtrainingforthepoorpeople,thepoorwillhavetheskilltooffer.Thenitismorelikelythattheycanfindjobs.Finally,ifthegovernmentdistributessociety’sincomedifferently,itraisessomepoorpeopleabovethepovertyline.Thegovernmentcollectstaxesfromthenon-poorandgivesmoneytothepoor.Thesepaymentstothepoorarecalledwelfare.Someeconomistsarelookingforbettersolutionstothepovertyproblem.However,atthepresenttime,manypeoplestilldependonwelfaretoliveapoorlife.5．Theauthor’smainpurposetowritethisarticleis______.A．toinformusofwhatthepovertylineisB．toexplainwhysomepeoplearepoorC．tofindsolutionstotheproblemofpovertyD．toshowsympathyforthosepoorpeople正確答案：C解析：通過閱讀題干theauthor’smainpurpose，得知此題為主旨大意題型，重點閱讀第一段或最后一段的首句和末句。第一段的前兩句解釋了貧困線的定義及劃分，最后一句表明“經(jīng)濟學(xué)家研究貧困的原因為了找到問題的解決方法(solution)；最后一段的首句也提到了solution。據(jù)此，選擇四個選項中有solution的，即C為正確答案。6．HowmanypeopleareconsideredpoorintheUnitedStates?A．Morethan50percent.B．About10percent.C．Over16percent.D．Over40percent.正確答案：B解析：通過閱讀選項知道本題與數(shù)字有關(guān)，本題屬于這篇閱讀的第二個題，所以目標(biāo)段應(yīng)該在第二段，集中在本段中的數(shù)字。開頭就可看到abouttenpercentofthepeopleintheUnitedStates，且劃線部分與本題題干相符，所以選項B即為正確答案。7．MostoftheAmericanpoorpeoplearenotqualifiedforemploymentbecause____.A．theydonothavemotivationtoworkB．theyareill-educatedandhavefewskillsC．theyaretooyoungortoooldtoworkD．theyhavephysicalandfamilyproblems正確答案：C解析：通過閱讀題干mostoftheAmericanpoorpeoplearenotqualifiedforemploymentbecause______．劃線部分是關(guān)鍵詞，回到原文尋找與其相符的目標(biāo)部分，在第三段中鎖定在首句，后面提到的內(nèi)容都是與年齡有關(guān)的內(nèi)容，第二行中有16yearsold，倒數(shù)第二行的最后一個字是65yearsold．這表明主要原因是年齡太小或太大。所以選項中與年齡有關(guān)的措辭是C；由此C即為答案。8．Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A．Bettersolutionstothepovertyproblemsarenotyetfound.B．Welfaresystemwillenablepeopletobecomerich.C．Poorpeopleareboundtoberichifrichpeoplehelpthem.D．Employmentisthebestsolutiontothepovertyproblem.正確答案：A解析：通過閱讀題干知道本題為推斷題(infer)，分析四個選項A和D中都存在solution，而A選項的內(nèi)容就是本文最后一段的首句的含義。D中具有最高級best，通常在原文中出現(xiàn)最高級時，才有可能選最高級。所以A即為正確答案。A)Onmywayhome,Ihelpedtocatchathiefwhohadrobbedanoldmanofhiswallet.B)OnlyLijunknowshowtogetintouchwithhim.C)AssoonasIwentintotheroom,somebodycametoshowmewheretosit.D)Thedrivertooktheoldladytoanearbyhospitalimmediately.9．司機趕快把老太太送到附近的醫(yī)院。A．B．C．D．正確答案：D10．我在網(wǎng)家的路上幫忙抓住了一個搶老人錢包的小偷。A．B．C．D．正確答案：A11．只有李軍知道怎樣與她聯(lián)系。A．B．C．D．正確答案：B12．我一進屋就有人過來指點我坐在那里。A．B．C．D．正確答案：CA)ItisthebesthotelthatIhaveeverstayedin.B)Childasheis,Tomcanrecitemorethanonehundredpoems.C)Weshouldgivehimachancetoturnoveranewleaf.D)It’sapitythatyoushouldhavefailedinthefinalexamlastterm.13．盡管湯姆還是個孩子，他能背誦一百多首詩歌。A．B．C．D．正確答案：B14．你沒能通過上學(xué)期的期末考試，真是太遺憾了。A．B．C．D．正確答案：D15．我們應(yīng)該給他一個改過自新的機會。A．B．C．D．正確答案：C16．這是我所住過的最好的旅館。A．B．C．D．正確答案：ATopreservefood,thegrowthofbacteria(細菌)mustbecontrolled.Water,warmth,andfoodareallneededforbacteriatobecomestrongandhealthy.Somekindsofbacterianeedair,butotherkindsgrowonlywhenairisabsent.Extremesoftemperature,eitherhotorcold,cankillbacteria.Beforeelectricice-boxeswereinvented,freezingandcoolingwerelimitedbythecoldclimate.Inwarmerregions,foodwascooledbyputtingitintheshade,incoldwaterfromthewell,orinpits(坑)intheground.Cookingwillusuallykillbacteriaifthetemperatureishighenoughandthehightemperaturelastslongenough.Certainmethodsofcookingremovewater,andthisaidsinpreservingfood.Dryingistheoldestandmostcommonmethodofpreservingfood.Foodcanbedriedbythesun,byheatorbycombinationofthetwo.Saltwasusedbymanyhuntingpeople.Whenpeoplebegantoeatvegetables,saltbecameaneededpartoftheirlife.Salthelpstopreservefoodbecauseitslowsorstopsbacteriatogrow.Otherchemicalsbesidessaltareusedinpreservingfood.Somepeopleopposetheuseofchemicalsinfood.Theysaythatthesechemicalsmayharmpeopleifthechemicalscanharmbacteria.17．Howcanwepreservefoodaccordingtothefirstparagraph?A．Bycontrollingthetemperature.B．Byputtingfoodinarefrigerator.C．Bycontrollingthegrowthofbacteria.D．Byputtingfoodinaplacewithoutair.正確答案：C解析：事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第一段首句可知，要想保存食物，必須控制細菌的生長，所以C為正確答案。18．Cookingisaneffectivewayinpreservingfoodbecause______.A．a(chǎn)llcookingmethodsremovewaterB．cookingcanmakethefoodbecomedryC．thelightincookingcankillbacteriaD．cookingcankillbacteria正確答案：D解析：事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第三段第一、二句可知，在一定的條件下(即溫度夠高、烹飪時間夠長)，烹飪法能殺死細菌，因此是一種保存食物的有效方法。19．Themethodofsaltingfood______.A．wasnotusedinthepastB．involvestheuseofchemicalsC．isnotlikedbymostpeopleD．isnolongerusedbyhunter正確答案：B解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段第三、四句“…Otherchemicalsbesidessaltareusedinpreservingfood．”可知，除了食鹽之外，還有其他的化學(xué)物質(zhì)被用來保存食物。注意，besides為“除……之外，還有”之意，故可推出，腌制法包含了化學(xué)物質(zhì)(即食鹽)的使用。故選B。20．Whyaremanypeopleagainsttheuseofchemicalstopreservefood?A．Becausechemicalsarenotnecessaryforpreservingfood.B．Becauseasmallquantityofbacteriainfoodisgoodforthebody.C．Becausethosechemicalsthatkillbacteriamaynotbegoodforpeople.D．Becausethereareotherbetterwaystopreservefood.正確答案：C解析：事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章最后一段最后兩句可知，人們反對使用化學(xué)物質(zhì)來保存食物的原因是“thesechemicalsmayharmpeopleif．．．”，C項是其同義轉(zhuǎn)述。故選C。21．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Waysofpreservingfood.B．Thebacteriainourfood.C．Theimportanceofpreservingfood.D．Waysofcookingfood.正確答案：A解析：主旨大意題。在第一段作者介紹了保存食物的原理，從第二段起開始介紹保存食物的各種方法，如冷凍法、烹飪法、曬干法、腌制法等。因此，文章的主旨是保存食物的不同方法。故選A。Maybeten-year-oldElizabethputitbestwhenshesaidtoherfather,“But,Dad,youcan’tbehealthyifyou’redead.“Dad,inahurrytogethomebeforedarksohecouldgoforarun,hadforgottentowearhissafetybelt—amistake75%oftheUSpopulationmakeeveryday.Thebigquestioniswhy.Therehavebeenmanymythsaboutsafetybeltseversincetheirfirstappearanceincarssomefortyyearsago.Thefollowingaretwoofthemostcommon.MythNumberOne:Safetybelts“trap”peopleincarsthatareburningorsinkinginwater.Truth:Sorry,butstudiesshowthatpeopleknockedunconsciousduetonotwearingsafetybeltshaveagreaterchanceofdyingintheseaccidents.Peoplewearingsafetybeltsareusuallyprotectedtothepointofhavingaclearheadtofreethemselvesfromsuchdangeroussituation,nottobetrappedinthem.MythNumberTwo:Safetybeltsaren’tneededatspeedsoflessthan30milesperhour(mph).Truth:Whentwocarstravelingat30mphhiteachother,anunbelteddriverwouldmeetthewindshieldwithaforceequaltodivingheadfirstintothegroundfromaheightof10meters.22．WhydidElizabethsaytoherfather,“But,Dad,youcan’tbehealthyifyou’redead”?A．Hewasdrivingatgreatspeed.B．Hewasrunningacrossthestreet.C．Hedidn’thavehissafetybelton.D．Hedidn’ttakehismedicineontime.正確答案：C解析：推理判斷題。從文章第二段可知，父親急于在天黑前趕回家跑步，而忘了系上安全帶。由此可推知，小女孩這樣說是因為她爸爸沒有系上安全帶。故選C。23．Thereasonfatherwasinahurrytogethomewasthathe______.A．wasn’t