閱讀填空沖刺2023中考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)題型全面解讀技巧點(diǎn)撥專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練

2023年廣州中考英語(yǔ)備考專題一一閱讀填空

閱讀填空考情分析與解題技巧+中考/一模訓(xùn)練

【考情分析】

閱讀填空題主要考查學(xué)生在獲取信息，處理信息的基礎(chǔ)上的語(yǔ)篇補(bǔ)全能力。要求考生既能襲握作

者的寫(xiě)作意圖、觀點(diǎn)，區(qū)分論點(diǎn)、論據(jù)，又能把握文章寫(xiě)作結(jié)構(gòu)和脈絡(luò)層次。

【近三年真題分析】

年份202220212020

體裁議論文議論文說(shuō)明文

內(nèi)容鍛煉的好處以及如何促使自外賣(mài)的利與弊以及建議人們勿講故事在文化傳承中的重

己開(kāi)始運(yùn)動(dòng)浪費(fèi)食物要作用

主題健康/運(yùn)動(dòng)社會(huì)問(wèn)題文化傳承

詞數(shù)277254309

【題型特點(diǎn)如下】

1.選用材料：

一般為250-310詞的文章，通常為議論文或說(shuō)明文。

2.考查形式：

給出一篇缺少五個(gè)句子的文章，對(duì)應(yīng)有五個(gè)選項(xiàng)，要求同學(xué)們根據(jù)文章結(jié)構(gòu)、內(nèi)容，選出正確的句子,

填入相應(yīng)的空白處。

3.考查內(nèi)容：

該題型選項(xiàng)大致可分為主旨概括句（文章整體內(nèi)容）、過(guò)渡性句子（文章結(jié)構(gòu)）和注釋性句子（上下文

邏輯意義）這3類。

【解題技巧】

閱讀填空題非常注重解題技巧，很多時(shí)候，哪怕不能完全理解全文。但只要你掌握了一定的做題規(guī)律

和技巧，也能輕松得分。

重視主題句

想要更好地理解文章，考生首先要找出文章的主題句。主題句一般位于句首，有時(shí)會(huì)出現(xiàn)在句中或句

末。主題句往往起到點(diǎn)題的作用，是理解文章整體思路的主要切入點(diǎn)，把握好主題句是理解全文的基

礎(chǔ)和關(guān)鍵。主題句是每段的關(guān)鍵內(nèi)容，如能正確把握，對(duì)提高閱讀理解能力也有霜大的幫助

注意詞匯和詞組的復(fù)現(xiàn)

閱讀填空所給出的文章往往有明確的主線，同現(xiàn)和復(fù)現(xiàn)是詞匯的銜接手段。作者會(huì)使用一些關(guān)鍵

詞圍繞主線貫穿全文。這些關(guān)鍵詞可能會(huì)原封不動(dòng)地重復(fù)出現(xiàn)，也可能會(huì)以其他形式出現(xiàn)如同義詞、

近義詞、上義詞等）。我們可能會(huì)根據(jù)文章的關(guān)鍵詞和文章的導(dǎo)向來(lái)解答一下題目。例如，如果判斷

一個(gè)空格是上下文關(guān)鍵詞的復(fù)現(xiàn)，那我們只要從選項(xiàng)中選出與關(guān)鍵詞意義相同的能表達(dá)即可。

利用上下文尋找解題信息

由于閱讀填空的文章是一個(gè)意義相關(guān)聯(lián)的語(yǔ)篇，圍繞一個(gè)話題論述，因此在行文中詞語(yǔ)的重復(fù)、替代、

復(fù)現(xiàn)和同現(xiàn)現(xiàn)象是不可避免的。根據(jù)這個(gè)原則，某一個(gè)空格所對(duì)應(yīng)的答案可能就是在上下文中復(fù)現(xiàn)或

同現(xiàn)的相關(guān)詞?？忌梢愿鶕?jù)這些詞之間的有機(jī)聯(lián)系來(lái)確定答案。所以，解題時(shí)應(yīng)聯(lián)系上下文尋找相

關(guān)線索，如某一個(gè)詞的原詞、指代詞、同義詞、近義詞、上義詞、下義詞和概括詞等。但由于我們?cè)?/p>

做題時(shí)不可能總是重復(fù)地閱讀文章，因此在做閱讀填空時(shí)要培養(yǎng)一種捕捉并記憶相關(guān)信息的能力。

運(yùn)用背景知識(shí)和社會(huì)常識(shí)解題

解讀閱讀填空題時(shí)，有時(shí)候文中提供的信息還不夠，還需要考生把符合常識(shí)的一些知識(shí)信息結(jié)合

起來(lái)考慮最后選出符合常識(shí)的最佳答案。因此，考生的知識(shí)范圍越廣，對(duì)文章的理解就越容易，整體

上知道所選短文在說(shuō)什么，那么局部上的每一個(gè)空填起來(lái)也會(huì)得心應(yīng)手。

英語(yǔ)文章中有很多表示邏輯關(guān)系的詞，表示并列、遞進(jìn)、轉(zhuǎn)折、因果、讓步、假設(shè)、條件、目

的等。每年的試題都會(huì)考查到行文邏輯，即只有明確了空格所在句與之前或之后句子的邏輯關(guān)系，才

能把題做對(duì)。因此，建議大家一定要熟悉這些邏輯詞匯。

【中考真題呈現(xiàn)】

（-）（2022年廣州）

第二節(jié)閱讀填空（共5小題；每小題1分，滿分5分）

閱讀短文及文后A~E選項(xiàng)，選出可以填入41~45各題空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

Weallknowthatexerciseisgoodforus,don'twe?41Justthinkingabouthavingtorunorswimalongwaycan

beenoughtomakesomepeoplewanttoliedownandgiveup!However,didyouknowthatexerciseisnotallaboutdoing

sport?

42Movingourbodiescausesourbrainstogiveoutsomespecialchemicalsthatcreateagoodfeeling.Justten

minutesofworkingoutcanleaveusfeelinghappier,Moreover,regularexercisehelpsusfeelfresherandgettosleepmore

easily.Finally,ifweconnectourexercisewithahealthydiet,wewilllookhealthierandfeelmoreconfidentaboutourselves.

Soundslikeagooddeal,doesn'tit?

43Ifexercisehasn'tbeenpartofyourlifeforalongtime,thereisnopointtrainingforamarathon(馬拉松):

youwillsoongiveupandgobacktoyouroldways!Walkingandridingbikesaroundthelocalparkfortenminuteseveryday

aregreatwaystodevelopafitnesshabit.

Chooseanactivitythatnotonlyexercisesyourbody,butthatyoualsoenjoy.Somepeoplesimplygojoggingwhile

listeningtotheirfavouritemusic.Otherstakeupactivitiessuchasdancingorplayingbasketballwiththeirfriends.Makethe

experiencemoreenjoyableasyouworkout.44

Itdoesn,tmatterhowmuchweexercise.Doingregularexerciseisn'tjustaboutappearance.45Whowouldn't

wantthat?

A.Startsmall!

B.Thatway,you'llnevergiveitup!

C.Ifsaboutbeinghealthierandfeelinghappier.

D.Forastart,exerciseisnotjustaboutthebody.

E.Butwealsoknowthatnoteverybodylovesdoingit.

(-)(2021年廣州)

7.(5分)Fewpeopleknewaboutonlinefooddelivery(外賣(mài))appstenyearsago，buttoday,manywouldfindithard

tolivewithoutthem.Forbetterorforworse,onlinefooddeliveryserviceshavechangedthewayweeat.(1)

Theseservicesnodoubthavemanyadvantages.Theyprovidejobsformillionsofpeopleandhelprestaurantsfind

morecustomers.Sincetheappsareveryeasytouse,theyalsodogoodtocustomers：wecannowhavemealsdeliveredat

anytimeofday.Thisisespeciallyimportantforpeoplewhomightnothavetimetocook.Notonlydotheseappssave

time,theyalsoprovideuswithplentyofrestaurantstochoosefrom.(2)Theycanbuymealsandfoodsmore

easilywiththeseapps.

(3)First,theymakeiteveneasiertoorderunhealthyfood.Foodsafetyisanotherproblem：itcanbehardto

knowwherethefoodcomesfrom.Asdeliverymenneedtosendtheordersasquicklyaspossible,somepaylittle

attentiontotrafficrules.(4)What'smore,deliveryservicesarecreatingtoomuchpackagingwaste,andthiswill

beharmfultotheenvironment.

Therearemanyadvantagesofonlinefooddeliveryservices,butweneedtomakesurethatwemaketheright

choicesinthelongrun.Weshoulddoourbesttoavoidwaste.Wealsoneedtomakesurewhatweeatishealthy.Nexttime

youarethinkingaboutorderingin,askyourselfwhetheryoureallyneedto.(5)

A.Theyareusefulforoldpeopleaswell.

B.Theyarealsohavingahugeinfluenceonoursociety.

C.However,wemustnotforgetthedisadvantagesoftheseservices.

D.Mostofthetime,it'sbettertobuywhatyouneedandcookbyyourself.

E.Inrecentyears,anumberofpeoplehavebeenhurtorevenkilledbecauseofthis.

（三）（2020年廣州）

Storytelling

Storytellinghascaughtthehumanimaginationforthousandsofyears.Peopleeverywherehavetoldstoriestoamuse,to

teach,toremember,andjusttopassthetime.Peoplestartedtellingstorieslongbeforewritingwasinvented.46But

peopleallovertheworldstilltelloneanotherstoriesoutloud.Apersonwhocantellagoodstorynearlyalwaysfinds

listeners.

Beforepeopledevelopedwriting,storytellingwasthemostimportantwaytopassalonginformation.Anythinga

culturewantedtoprotect一itsbeliefs,itshistory,anditstraditions-hadtobetoldoutloud.Eachgenerationwouldtellthe

culture'sstoriestothenext.47Knowledgepassedoninthismethodiscalledthespokentradition.Evencultures

thatknowhowtowritestillpassalongsomeinformationinthisway.

48Inotherculturesonlyspecialstorytellersweretrustedtodothisimportantjob.Aculture'sbeststorytellers

hadgoodmemories.Theycouldalsomakethestoriesveryinteresting,sopeoplewouldlistenandrememberthem.

Sometimespeoplewouldsingthestoriesortellthemintheformofpoems.49

However,storiestoldaloudchangeovertimeasdifferentpeopletellthem.Astorytellermightchangeastoryinorder

tomakeitbetter.Oratellermaysimplynotrememberallthedetailsofastory.Unlikewrittenstories,thespokentradition

isnotcreatedbyanyoneperson.50Sometimesthestoriesarecollectedandwrittendownlongaftertheyhave

beencreated.

A.Inthiswaythestorieswerepassedalong.

B.Insomecultureseveryonewouldpassalongthestories.

C.Songsandpoemscanbothmakestorieseasiertoremember.

D.Instead,awholeculturehelpsshapethechangingstoriesthroughouthistory.

E.Todaystoriesarealsowrittendowninbooksandactedoutinmovies,TVshows,andplays.

【一模真題訓(xùn)練】

（一）2022年廣東省廣州市越秀區(qū)中考一模英語(yǔ)試題

Handasmartphonetoachild,andhewillfindouthowtouseittohavefuninseconds.Thefastdevelopmentof

technologymeansthatchildrenarebecomingcomputerexpertsataveryyoungage.41Manyofthemhavebeen

usingtheircomputersathomewellbeforetheystartedschool.Aschildrenarelearningfromaveryyoungageabout

technology,they'retakingbigstepsastheygrowinbeingpreparedforschooling,futurecareersandmore.42

However,therearesomeworriesabouthowthistechinfluenceschildhooddevelopment.Wearewalkingintounknown

areaasthegenerationspasthaveneverhadthissamekindofexperiencelikethem.43Somechildrenevenhave

theirownsmartphone,startingatayoungage.Researchshowsthattheaverage8to10yearsoldchildrenspendalmost8

hoursadayinfrontofthescreen,andolderchildrenandteenagersspendaround11hoursperday.44

Whilemanypeopleseethebadinfluenceofsuchtechnologyusage,therearealsobrightside.Therealquestioniswhat

parentsandteacherscandotomakeuseofthetechnologyinsuitableways,withoutlettingchildrenbecomeslaves（奴隸）to

it.

45Theycanstartbymakingsurechildrenundertwodon'tusescreens.Andtheyshouldmakerequirements

includingtimelimits,andmodelgoodsmartphoneuse.Whafsmore,theyneedtohelpchildrenlearnaboutcomputerscience

aspartoftechnologyusedtogivethemchancesforabrightfuture.

A.Someofthemmayevenbeabletohelpparentswiththeironlinework!

BParentsandadultscanhelpchildrengettheadvantagesoftechnologyinmanyways.

C.Nowadays,almosteveryhomehastelevisionsets,computersandphonesforchildrentoplaywith.

D.Thattimeaddsup,andyoungpeoplearespendingmoretimewithtechnologythantheydoinschool.

E.Primaryschoolstudentshaveclassesoncomputers.

（二）2022年廣東省廣州市南沙區(qū)中考一模英語(yǔ)試題

Ifyouwereborninthe2000s,youarecalledtheoh-ohs.Thatwouldmakeyouyoung,creative,connected,world-wide,

andnodoubtsmart.Maybegood-looking,too.Right?41

Someadultsworrythatyou'remoreinterestedinthescreeninfrontofyouthantheworldaroundyou.42They

wonderhowyouwilldealwithschool,friends,andfamily.

43Manychildrenbominthe1990sand2000swereraisedby"'helicopterparents95.44Asaresult,their

childrenarebusywithprogramsfilledwithhomeworkandafter-schoolactivitiessuchasdancing,drawing,orsports.With

parentswhodoeverythingforthem,today'syouthseemtoprefertoliveliketeenagersevenwhentheyareintheir20sor30s.

Doesthefacedowngenerationneedaheads-up?Well,probablynot.Thefactisthatmanyoftoday'steenagersarebetter

educatedandmorecreativethanpastgenerations.Theyseemtobewillingtobecomeleaders.45Therearealsobrave

youngpeoplesuchasMalalaYousafzai,theteenagerwhowonthe2014NobelPeacePrizefbrpushinggirls'rightstogoto

school.

Soifyou'reoneoftheoh-ohs,there9sreasontobehopefulaboutthefuture.Thingsarelookingupfortheface-down

generation.Chancesarethatyoudogreatandlaughoutloud.

A.Theywerealwaystheretoguideandhelp.

B.Butwhatdootherpeoplethinkaboutyourgeneration?

C.Moreyoungpeoplethanevervolunteertohelptheircommunities.

D.Theythinkofyouasthet4face-downgeneration^^becauseyouuseyourphonesomuch.

E.Otheradultsworrythattoday'syoutharespoilt（溺愛(ài)）anddon'twanttofacethechallengesofadultlife.

（三）2022年廣東省廣州市黃埔區(qū)中考一模英語(yǔ)試題

ABeautifulSmile

WhenIwasthirteenyearsold,agirlgavemeanimportantgift.Itwasasmile.

Itwastheearlyautumnofmyfirstyearatanewschool.Nooneknewme.41

EverytimeIheardtheotherstudentstalkingandlaughing,Ifeltevenmorelonely.Icouldnottalktoanyoneaboutmy

problem,andIdidnotwantmyparentstoworryaboutme.

Oneday,myclassmatesweretalkingwiththeirfriends,whileIwassittingsilentlyinmyseat.42Ididnotknow

whoshewas.Shepassedmeandthenturnedback.Shelookedatmeand,withoutaword,smiled.

43Itmademefeelhappy,livelyandwarm.Itwaslikeahiddentreasure.Thatsmilechangedmylife.Istartedto

talkwiththeotherstudents.44Thegirlwiththebrightsmilehasbecomemybestfriendnow,andwesticktogether

likeglue.

Oneday,Iaskedherwhyshesmiledatmethatday.Shesaidshecouldnotremember!

NowIbelievethattheworldiswhatyouthinkitis.45Mysuggestionis:smileattheworld;anditwillsmile

back.

A.Suddenly,Ifeltthetouchofsomethingbrightandfriendly.

B.Atthatmoment,agirlenteredtheclassroom.

C.Iwasverylonely,andafraidtomakefriendswithanyone.

D.Ifyouthinkyouarelonely,youmightalwaysbealone.

E.Daybyday,Ilearnttotrustpeople,andtheyincludedmeintheircircleoffriends.

（四）2022年廣東省廣州市海珠區(qū)中考一模英語(yǔ)試題

WangYaping,ataikonautonboardChina'sspacestation,offeredpeopleonEarthazero-gravitymusicalperformanceto

celebratetheLanternFestival.

ThespaceshowwassharedatanannualTVgalaforthefestivalcelebration.41SheplayedapopularChinese

traditionalsong"JasmineFlower^^

42Peopleusuallyhangcolorfullanterns,playriddlesandexpresstheirwishesandhopesforthefuture.

Thecrewmembers,whotraveledtothespacestationontheShenzhou-13mission,keptsomejoyfultraditionsaliveas

theycontinuedtomovearoundtheEarth.ZhaiZhigangwroteriddlesonredpaperwithabrushpen.Heshowedthe

calligraphy（毛筆字）togetherwithtaikonautYeGuangfuandmadefestivalgreetingstotheaudience.Theyalsosent

blessingstoathletesattheBeijingWinterOlympics."43?

Thevideoofthespaceperformancewasreceivedwithgreatinterestafteritwassharedonsocialmedias.44

TheLanternFestivalalsomarksthelastdayofthelunarNewYearcelebration.45Donningnewclothes,thecrew

membersenjoyedthetraditionsofeatingdumplingsandpastingspringcoupletsonwalls.

AItdrewnearly2millionhitsinonehouronSinaWeibo.

B.Thoughfarfromhome,thecheerfulfeelingsinspacewerethesame.

C.Wewishthatyouallgetsuccess,friendshipandharvestyourbestOlympicexperience.

D.TheLanternFestivalfallsonthe15thdayofthefirstmonthoftheChineselunarcalendar.

E.Inthevideo,Wangwasseenfloatinginthespacemodulewhileplayingaguzheng,orChinesezither.

（五）2022年廣東省廣州市番禺區(qū)中考一模英語(yǔ)試題

TheWinterOlympicsareamajorinternationalsportseventthatoccurseveryfouryears.UnlikeSummerOlympics,the

WinterOlympicsf