《Unit 1 People of Achievement》單元復(fù)習(xí)與單元測(cè)試卷

高中英語選擇性必修一《UNIT1PeopleofAchievement》單元復(fù)習(xí)Ⅰ.匹配詞義單詞匹配第一組1．a(chǎn)cademic A．a(chǎn)dj.清晰的；清楚的；有區(qū)別的2．distinct B．a(chǎn)dj.學(xué)業(yè)的；學(xué)術(shù)的3．liquid C．a(chǎn)dv.顯而易見；看來；顯然4．a(chǎn)pparently D．a(chǎn)dj.至關(guān)重要的；關(guān)鍵性的5．crucial E．n.液體adj.液體的；液態(tài)的6．substance F．n.目標(biāo)；目的adj.客觀的7．boil G．n.物質(zhì)；物品；事實(shí)根據(jù)8．objective H．vt.&vi.(使)沸騰；煮開；燒開n．沸 騰；沸點(diǎn)9．property I．a(chǎn)dv.主要地；一般地10．mostly J．n.性質(zhì)；特征；財(cái)產(chǎn)；房地產(chǎn)[答案]1－5BAECD6－10GHFJI第二組1．chart A．n.學(xué)說；理論2．circumstance B．n.[usuallypl.]條件；環(huán)境；狀況3．theory C．n.圖表vt.記錄；制定計(jì)劃4．gentle D．n.(pl.geniuses)天才；天資；天賦5．genius E．n.教授6．professor F．a(chǎn)dj.溫柔的；文靜的7．patent G．n.方法；技巧；裝置；儀器8．device H．n.專利；專利證書；獲得專利 adj.有專利的；受專利保護(hù)的[答案]1－5CBAFD6－8EHG短語匹配1．commitoneselftodo A．冒生命危險(xiǎn)2．insiston B．堅(jiān)決要求3．riskone'slife C．承諾；保證(做某事、遵守協(xié)議 或安排等)4．cometopower D．擔(dān)任；任職5．takeupaposition E．總結(jié)；概括6．sumup F．(開始)掌權(quán)；上臺(tái)[答案]1－6CBAFDEⅡ.默寫單詞第一組1．vitaladj. 必不可少的；極其重要的；充滿生機(jī)的2．evaluatevt. 評(píng)估；評(píng)價(jià)3．obtainvt. (尤指經(jīng)努力)獲得；贏得vi. (規(guī)章、習(xí)俗等)存在；流行4．a(chǎn)cknowledgevt. 承認(rèn)(屬實(shí)、權(quán)威等)；(公開)感謝5．defeatn. 失敗；挫敗vt. 擊??；戰(zhàn)勝6．concludevt. 推斷出；得出結(jié)論；使結(jié)束vi. 結(jié)束；終止7．insistvi.&vt. 堅(jiān)持；堅(jiān)決要求8．a(chǎn)nalyse/analyzevt. 分析第二組1．fleevt.&vi.(fled,fled) 迅速離開；逃跑；逃避；逃離2．flowvi. 流動(dòng)；流n. 流；流動(dòng)；流暢；供應(yīng)3．foundvt. 創(chuàng)建；建立；把……建立在4．infervt. 推斷；推定5．encountervt. 偶然碰到；遇到n. 邂逅；遭遇6．sumvi. 總結(jié)；概括n. 金額；款項(xiàng)；總數(shù)；總和7．draftn. 草稿；草案vt. 起草；草擬Ⅰ.選詞填空evaluates,defeats,obey,insisted,analyse,vital,concluded,acknowledging,obtained,mostly1．What'sworse,somedriversdonotthinkitvitaltoobeytrafficrules.2．Sheevaluatespeoplebytheirclothes.3．Inspiteofmanydefeats,theystillhadplentyoffightleftinthem.4．Mybrotherworkedhardandobtainedascholarship.5．Firstofall,hetoldme,Icouldn'twritewhatotherpeoplehadsaidwithoutacknowledgingthem.6．Theteachertriedtoanalysethecauseofourfailure.7．Sheinsistedthatwe(should)stayatherhouseinsteadofgoingtoahotelandthatherhousewasmorecomfortablethanahotel.8．Sheuseshercarmostlyfordrivingtowork.9．Heconcludedfromherflutteredlookthatshehadspentthemoney.10．It'svitalthatweareasfreshaspossibleforthosematches.Ⅱ.語法填空之派生詞1．Wearecommitted(commit)toimprovingservicesnow.2．Schoolsawardscholarshipsforhighacademic(academy)achievement.3．Hetriedtotakeanobjective(object)viewofthesituation.4．Hisdiscoverywasconsideredasthebotanical(botany)findofthecentury.5．Howmanypeoplebuyfoodinanorganized,scientific(science)way?6．Afteraheateddiscussion,theyfailedtoarriveataconclusion(conclude)．7．Thestudentsinourclassaremostly(most)northerners.8．Hewasapparently(apparent)muchsurprisedatthenewsthattheamateurathletebeattheprofessionalonewhorankedtopten.9．Workhasbegunontheconstruction(construct)ofthenewairport.10．Shehasmaderemarkable(remark)progressinherwritingskills.11．Wecanbuildupthespeedgradually(gradual)andsafely.12．WhoisyourfavoriteEnglishnovelist(novel)?1．Thisyear'sNobelPrizeforPhysiologyorMedicinehasbeenawardedtoTuYouyou(co-winner),whoseresearchledtothediscoveryofartemisinin,acrucialnewtreatmentformalaria.今年的諾貝爾生理學(xué)或醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)授予了屠呦呦(共同獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)?，她的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)了青蒿素，這是一種治療瘧疾的關(guān)鍵新藥。2．TuYouyou,acommittedandpatientscientist,wasborninNingbo,Chinaon30December1930,andgraduatedfromPekingUniversityMedicalSchoolin1955.屠呦呦，一位堅(jiān)定而有耐心的科學(xué)家，1930年12月30日出生于中國寧波，1955年畢業(yè)于北京大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院。3．In1967,theChinesegovernmentformedateamofscientistswiththeobjectiveofdiscoveringanewtreatmentformalaria,andTuYouyouwasamongthefirstresearcherschosen.1967年，中國政府組建了一支以探索治療瘧疾新方法為目的的科學(xué)家隊(duì)伍，屠呦呦是其中首批入選的研究人員。4．Theirprojectgotstuck.他們的計(jì)劃陷入了困境。5．AccordingtoTuYouyou,thediscoveryofartemisininwasateameffort.屠呦呦說，青蒿素的發(fā)現(xiàn)是團(tuán)隊(duì)努力的結(jié)果。詞語助讀①leadtothediscoveryof...導(dǎo)致……的發(fā)現(xiàn)②hundredsofthousandsoflives成千上萬人的生命③diefrom死于；因……而死④becomeavitalpartof成為……的重要組成部分(1)whose引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)非限制性定語從句，先行詞為TuYouyou，其中名詞短語acrucialnewtreatmentformalaria是artemisinin的同位語。⑤acommittedandpatientscientist一位堅(jiān)定而有耐心的科學(xué)家⑥graduatefrom畢業(yè)于⑦withtheobjectiveof...目的是……⑧amongthefirstresearcherschosen首批入選的研究人員⑨inthebeginning一開始⑩evaluate280，000plants評(píng)估280000種植物(2)after引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。(3)where引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞Hainan。(4)不定式短語作目的狀語。(5)that引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞treatments。?suggesteddoing...建議做某事?acollectionofdriedwormwoodleaves大量的干艾葉?getstuck進(jìn)入僵局；陷入困境?acknowledgedefeat接受失敗?bychance偶然?drawouttheextract提煉提取物?morethan190times190多次?insistondoing...堅(jiān)持做某事?makesure確保(6)過去分詞短語作后置定語，修飾名詞liquid。(7)現(xiàn)在分詞短語作后置定語，修飾名詞sentence。(8)that引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，作謂語動(dòng)詞concluded的賓語。(9)that引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞substance。(10)that引導(dǎo)賓語從句。(11)mostofwhom引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞patients。(12)which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞medicine。?accordingto(表示依據(jù))根據(jù)；按照eq\o(○,\s\up2(21))notjust不僅僅eq\o(○,\s\up2(22))provethegreatvalueoftraditionalChinesemedicine證明中醫(yī)的巨大價(jià)值(13)upondoing...一……就……；that引導(dǎo)賓語從句。(14)it為形式主語，真正的主語為后面的forChina'sscientificresearchandChinesemedicinetobespreadaroundtheworld。課文呈現(xiàn)TUYOUYOUAWARDEDNOBELPRIZE6October2015Thisyear'sNobelPrizeforPhysiologyorMedicinehasbeenawardedtoTuYouyou(co-winner),whoseresearchledtothediscoveryof①artemisinin,acrucialnewtreatmentformalaria(1)．Artemisininhassavedhundredsofthousandsoflives②，andhasledtoimprovedhealthformillionsofpeople.Over200millionpeoplearoundtheworldgetmalariaeachyear,andabout600，000diefrom③it.Artemisininhasbecomeavitalpartof④thetreatmentformalaria,andisthoughttosave100，000livesayearinAfricaalone.TuYouyou,acommittedandpatientscientist⑤，wasborninNingbo,Chinaon30December1930,andgraduatedfrom⑥PekingUniversityMedicalSchoolin1955.Aftershegraduated(2),sheworkedattheChinaAcademyofTraditionalChineseMedicineinBeijing.In1967,theChinesegovernmentformedateamofscientistswiththeobjectiveof⑦discoveringanewtreatmentformalaria,andTuYouyouwasamongthefirstresearcherschosen⑧.Inthebeginning⑨，TuYouyouwenttoHainan,wheremalariawasmorecommon(3),tostudymalariapatients.In1969,shebecametheheadoftheprojectinBeijing,anddecidedtoreviewancientChinesemedicaltextstofindtraditionalbotanicaltreatmentsforthedisease(4)．Herteamexaminedover2，000oldmedicaltexts,andevaluated280，000plants⑩fortheirmedicalproperties.Fromtheirresearch,theydiscoveredandtested380distinctancientChinesemedicaltreatmentsthatshowedpromiseinthefightagainstmalaria(5)．Onemedicaltextfromthefourthcenturysuggestedusing?theextractfromsweetwormwoodtotreatafever.Tu'steamtestedacollectionofdriedwormwoodleaves?butfoundnoeffect.Theythentriedboilingfreshwormwood,andusingtheliquidobtainedfromthis(6)totreatmalaria,butthisdidnotwork,either.Theirprojectgotstuck?.However,TuYouyouwouldnotacknowledgedefeat?.Sheanalysedthemedicaltextsagain,andbychance?，shefoundonesentencesuggestingadifferentwaytotreatthewormwood(7)．Sheconcludedthatboilingthesweetwormwoodapparentlydestroyeditsmedicalproperties(8)．Usingalowertemperaturetodrawouttheextract?，shefoundasubstancethatworked(9)．Afterfailingmorethan190times?，theteamfinallysucceededin1971.TuYouyouandherteammemberseveninsistedontesting?themedicineonthemselvestomakesure?thatitwassafe(10)．Later,themedicinewastestedonmalariapatients，mostofwhomrecovered(11)．Thismedicine,whichwascalledartemisinin(12),soonbecameastandardtreatmentformalaria.Accordingto?TuYouyou,thediscoveryofartemisininwasateameffort.UponhearingthatshehadbeenawardedtheNobelPrize(13),shesaid,“Thehonourisnotjusteq\o(○,\s\up2(21))mine.Thereisateambehindme,andallthepeopleofmycountry.ThissuccessprovesthegreatvalueoftraditionalChinesemedicineeq\o(○,\s\up2(22)).ItisindeedanhonourforChina'sscientificresearchandChinesemedicinetobespreadaroundtheworld(14)．”譯文參考屠呦呦獲得諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)2015今年的諾貝爾生理學(xué)或醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)授予了屠呦呦(共同獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)?，她的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)了青蒿素，這是一種治療瘧疾的關(guān)鍵新藥。青蒿素挽救了成千上萬人的生命，改善了數(shù)百萬人的健康。全世界每年有2億多人感染瘧疾，約60萬人死于瘧疾。青蒿素已經(jīng)成為治療瘧疾的重要組成部分，據(jù)說每年僅在非洲就能挽救10萬人的生命。屠呦呦，一位堅(jiān)定而有耐心的科學(xué)家，1930年12月30日出生于中國寧波，1955年畢業(yè)于北京大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院。畢業(yè)后，她在北京的中國中醫(yī)研究院工作。1967年，中國政府組建了一支以探索治療瘧疾新方法為目的的科學(xué)家隊(duì)伍，屠呦呦是其中首批入選的研究人員。一開始，屠呦呦為了研究瘧疾患者去了瘧疾比較普遍的海南，1969年，她成為北京項(xiàng)目的負(fù)責(zé)人，并決定查閱中國古代醫(yī)學(xué)文獻(xiàn)，尋找傳統(tǒng)的植物療法來治療這種疾病。她的團(tuán)隊(duì)查看了2000多本古老的醫(yī)學(xué)文獻(xiàn)，并對(duì)280000種植物的藥用性能進(jìn)行了評(píng)估。在他們的研究中，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)并測(cè)試了380種不同的中國古代醫(yī)方，這些醫(yī)方在抗擊瘧疾方面顯示出了希望。一本四世紀(jì)的醫(yī)學(xué)文獻(xiàn)推薦使用青蒿提取物來治療發(fā)燒。屠呦呦的團(tuán)隊(duì)測(cè)試了大量的干艾葉，但沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)效果。然后他們?cè)囍研迈r的苦艾煮開，用從中提取的液體來治療瘧疾，但這也不管用。他們的計(jì)劃陷入了困境。然而，屠呦呦并不接受失敗。她又分析了一遍這個(gè)醫(yī)學(xué)文獻(xiàn)，偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)了一句話，建議用另一種方法來處理艾草。她的結(jié)論是，煮沸青蒿顯然破壞了它的醫(yī)療特性。她用較低的溫度提煉提取物，發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種有效的物質(zhì)。在失敗了190多次之后，這個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)終于在1971年成功了。屠呦呦和她的團(tuán)隊(duì)成員甚至堅(jiān)持在自己身上測(cè)試藥物，以確保它是安全的。后來，這種藥物在瘧疾患者身上進(jìn)行了測(cè)試，大部分患者都康復(fù)了。這種被稱為青蒿素的藥物很快成為治療瘧疾的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)藥物。屠呦呦說，青蒿素的發(fā)現(xiàn)是團(tuán)隊(duì)努力的結(jié)果。當(dāng)聽到自己被授予諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)時(shí)，她說：“這個(gè)榮譽(yù)不僅僅屬于我。在我身后有一個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)，還有我國的全體人民。這一成功證明了中醫(yī)的巨大價(jià)值。中國的科研和中醫(yī)藥走向世界，確實(shí)是一種榮譽(yù)?！盓asycome,easygo.—Hazlitt易得者亦易失?！澙锾豑helongestdayhasanend.—Howell最難過的日子也有盡頭。——豪厄爾Abirdinthehandisworthtwointhebush.—Heywood一鳥在手，勝似二鳥在林?！Ｎ榈耉ictorywon'tcometomeunlessIgotoit.—M·Moore勝利是不會(huì)向我走來的，我必須自己走向勝利?！聽枴Agreatmanisalwayswillingtobelittle.—R.W.Emerson偉大的人物總是愿意當(dāng)小人物的?！鶵.W.Youhavetobelieveinyourself.That'sthesecretofsuccess.—CharlesChaplin人必須相信自己，這是成功的秘訣?！槔怼ぷ縿e林Themanwhohasmadeuphismindtowinwillneversay“Impossible”．—Napoleon凡是決心取得勝利的人是從來不說“不可能”的。——拿破侖FailureandSuccessThereisamotto：“failureisthemotherofsuccess.”Failureisentwinedwithsuccess.Ithelpsustotouchthesky,teachesustosurviveandshowsusaspecificwaytohandlethecomplicatedmatterswefacewithonadailybasis.Successbringsinmoney,fame,prideandself-respect.Therefore，itisimportanttokeepaclearhead.TuYouyou,an84-year-oldfemalescientist,becamethefirstChinesetowinaNobelPrizeinscienceonOct.5,2015.Beforethat,shehadwonthe2011LaskerAwardforfindingoutartemisinin(Qinghaosu),whichsavedmillionsoflives.Shewasgrateful(感激的)fortheLaskerprize,butsaid,“Itisjustascientist'sduty.Iwillgoonfightingforthehealthofallhumans.”Tukeptherworkinthe1960sand1970s.Inthatage,Malaria(瘧疾)couldtookawaypeople'shealth.Scientistsallovertheworldhadalreadytriedover240，000timesbutfailed.TuYouyou,amemberoftheAcademyofTraditionalChineseMedicine,Beijing,begantostudyChineseherbs.Before2011,peopledidn'tknowTuverymuch.Manyfriendsplayedjokeswithher“theProfessorofThreeNone's”：nodegree(學(xué)位),nostudyexperienceabroad,notamemberofanyChinesenationalcolleges.Butsheishard-working.ShereadalotoftraditionalChinesemedicinebooksanddidalotofresearchesonthedisease.InFebruary,2012,TuwasnamedNationalOutstandingFemales(OneoftheTen)．TuisnowamodelofChinesemedicalworkers.[探究發(fā)現(xiàn)]1．Findoutthemainideaofthepassageandthenthinkofapropertitleforit.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________[答案]ThepassageismainlyaboutthebriefintroductionofTuYouyou.Thetitleis“TuYouyou，agreatfemalescientist.”2．Findoutwhatartemisininisusedtodo.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________[答案]TodealwithMalaria.3．FindoutwhatqualitiesTuYouyouhave.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________[答案]Hard-working，grateful，patient.1．commitvt.承諾；保證(某個(gè)人、機(jī)構(gòu)等)vi.忠于；全心全意投入(工作、活動(dòng)等)→committedadj.盡心盡力的；堅(jiān)定的；堅(jiān)信的→commitmentn．承諾；交托；信奉2．distinctadj.清晰的；清楚的；有區(qū)別的→distinctionn．差別；區(qū)分；卓著3.acknowledgevt.承認(rèn)(屬實(shí)、權(quán)威等)；(公開)感謝→acknowledgementn．承認(rèn)4.concludevt.推斷出；得出結(jié)論；使結(jié)束vi.結(jié)束；終止→conclusionn．結(jié)論；推論；結(jié)束5.apparentadj.顯而易見的；顯然的；表面上的→apparentlyadv.顯而易見；看來；顯然6.sciencen．科學(xué)→scientistn．科學(xué)家→scientificadj.科學(xué)(上)的；關(guān)于科學(xué)的7.academyn．(藝術(shù)、文學(xué)、科學(xué)等的)研究院；學(xué)會(huì)；?？圃盒！鷄cademicadj.學(xué)業(yè)的；學(xué)術(shù)的8.objectn.物體；對(duì)象；客體→objectiven．目標(biāo)；目的adj.客觀的9.botanyn.植物學(xué)→botanicaladj.植物學(xué)的1．defeatn．失敗；挫敗vt.擊敗；戰(zhàn)勝；使困惑；難?、貽urfootballteamdefeatedtheirsthistime. vt.擊敗；戰(zhàn)勝②Wehadtwodefeatsthisyear. n．失敗；挫?、跿hiskindofproblemsalwaysdefeatsme. vt.使困惑；難住2．concludevt.推斷出；得出結(jié)論；使結(jié)束vi.結(jié)束；終止①Themeetingconcludedatteno'clock. vi.結(jié)束；終止②Whenyoudidn'tarrive,weconcludedthatthecarhadbrokendown. vt.推斷出③Theyconcludedtheirresearchwiththesewords. vt.使結(jié)束3.boilvt.&vi.(使)沸騰；煮開；燒開n．沸騰；沸點(diǎn)①Waterboilsat100degreescentigrade. vi.沸騰②Boilsomewaterforus,please! vt.煮開；燒開③Justbeforethemilkcomestotheboil,turndowntheheat. n．沸騰；沸點(diǎn)4.obtainvt.(尤指努力)獲得；贏得；學(xué)會(huì)vi.(規(guī)章、習(xí)俗等)存在；流行①Thecustomstillobtainsinsomedistricts. vi.(規(guī)章、習(xí)俗等)存在；流行②Itisnecessarytoobtainthepatients'permission. vt.(尤指努力)獲得③HeobtainedaknowledgeofLatin. vt.學(xué)會(huì)WordsAndPhraseseq\a\vs4\al(知識(shí)要點(diǎn)1)vitaladj.必不可少的；極其重要的；充滿生機(jī)的(教材P2)Artemisininhasbecomeavitalpartofthetreatmentformalaria.青蒿素已經(jīng)成為治療瘧疾的重要組成部分。[例1]Hisvitalandcheerfulmannerfilledthewholeteamwithcourage.他那充滿生機(jī)、歡快的態(tài)度使整個(gè)隊(duì)伍充滿了勇氣。[例2]Itisvitalthatweshouldbekeptinformedofalldevelopments.重要的是我們必須熟悉所有的發(fā)展情況。[翻譯]旅游業(yè)對(duì)西班牙經(jīng)濟(jì)至關(guān)重要。TourismisvitalfortheSpanisheconomy.[知識(shí)拓展]bevitalto...對(duì)……很重要Itisvitaltodosth.做某事是很重要的Itisvitalthat...……是十分重要的(that從句中要用虛擬語氣，即shoulddo,should可以省略)[即學(xué)即練]——單句語法填空①Considerationforotherpeopleisvitaltoallofus.②It'svitalthatwe(should)carry(carry)outtheoperationimmediately.③Itisvitaltoprotect(protect)wildanimals.eq\a\vs4\al(知識(shí)要點(diǎn)2)commitvt.承諾；保證(某個(gè)人、機(jī)構(gòu)等)vi.忠于；全心全意投入(工作、活動(dòng)等)(教材P2)TuYouyou,acommittedandpatientscientist,wasborninNingbo,Chinaon30December1930,andgraduatedfromPekingUniversityMedicalSchoolin1955.屠呦呦，一位堅(jiān)定而有耐心的科學(xué)家，1930年12月30日出生于中國寧波，1955年畢業(yè)于北京大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院。[例1]Wearecommittedtoimprovingservices.我們致力于改善服務(wù)。[例2]Nobodywaspreparedtocommitthemselves.誰都不愿作出承諾。[翻譯]不管怎樣，她都不想作出承諾。Shedidn'twanttocommitherselfonewayortheother.[知識(shí)拓展](1)commit...to 把……送交，托付給……；對(duì)…… 作出承諾，承擔(dān)義務(wù)，擔(dān)負(fù)責(zé)任； 使(自己)致力于……commitoneselftodo... 承諾；保證做某事commitacrime 犯罪(2)committedadj. 盡心盡力的；堅(jiān)定的；堅(jiān)信的commitmentn. 承諾；交托；信奉[即學(xué)即練]——單句語法填空①Theboywascommitted(commit)tothecareofhisauntyesterday.②Hehascommittedhimselftothecauseofeducation.③Hehascommittedhimselftosupport(support)them.④Theprimeministerispersonallycommitted(commit)tothisproject.[小片段填空]Also,betotallycommittedtowhatyoudo,asexcellenceisonlypossiblewithcommitment．此外，完全致力于你所做的事，因?yàn)橹挥型耆冻霾趴赡苓_(dá)到卓越。eq\a\vs4\al(知識(shí)要點(diǎn)3)evaluatevt.評(píng)估；評(píng)價(jià)(教材P2)Herteamexaminedover2，000oldmedicaltexts,andevaluated280，000plantsfortheirmedicalproperties.她的團(tuán)隊(duì)查看了2000多本古老的醫(yī)學(xué)文獻(xiàn)，并對(duì)28萬種植物的藥用性能進(jìn)行了評(píng)估。[例1]Ican'tevaluatehisabilitywithoutseeinghiswork.我沒有看到他的工作情況,無法評(píng)估他的能力。[例2]Theschoolhasonlybeenopenforsixmonths,soit'shardtoevaluateitssuccess.該學(xué)校僅開辦了六個(gè)月,現(xiàn)在還很難估計(jì)它的成就。[翻譯]這項(xiàng)證據(jù)應(yīng)當(dāng)仔細(xì)地評(píng)定。Theevidenceshouldbecarefullyevaluated．[知識(shí)拓展](1)evaluatesb.on/by 根據(jù)……評(píng)價(jià)某人(2)evaluationn. 估計(jì)；評(píng)價(jià)makeanevaluationof 對(duì)……進(jìn)行評(píng)估[即學(xué)即練]——單句語法填空①Wemustevaluateherabilityon/byherwork.②Wemustevaluate(evaluate)theconsequencescausedbythefire.＝Wemustmakeanevaluation(evaluate)oftheconsequencescausedbythefire.[小片段填空]Atpresent,thereexistsomeproblemsintheevaluationofteachers.Schoolsshouldperfectthemeansofevaluationandimproveevaluatinglevel.當(dāng)前教師評(píng)價(jià)中存在著一些弊端，學(xué)校應(yīng)針對(duì)存在的問題，改進(jìn)評(píng)價(jià)方法，提高評(píng)價(jià)水平。eq\a\vs4\al(知識(shí)要點(diǎn)4)obtainvt.(尤指經(jīng)努力)獲得；贏得vi.(規(guī)章、習(xí)俗等)存在；流行(教材P2)Theythentriedboilingfreshwormwood,andusingtheliquidobtainedfromthistotreatmalaria,butthisdidnotwork.然后他們?cè)囍研迈r的苦艾煮開，用從中提取的液體來治療瘧疾，但這也不管用。[例1]Differentlawsobtainindifferentplaces.不同的法律適用在不同的地方。[例2]AsfarasI'mconcerned,whathehaddoneobtainedhimrespect.在我看來，他的所作所為為他贏得了榮譽(yù)。[翻譯]這種信息從互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上很容易獲得。SuchinformationiseasilyobtainedfromtheInternet.[知識(shí)拓展]obtainknowledge/one'sdegree 獲得知識(shí)/學(xué)位obtainsb.sth.＝obtainsth.forsb. 給某人帶來某物obtainsth.bydoingsth. 通過做某事獲得某物obtainsth.fromsb./sth. 從某人/物獲得某物[即學(xué)即練]——單句語法填空①Thevalueofapersoncanbeobtained(obtain)byrelativeevaluation.②Hersuccessfulperformanceobtainedgreathonourforher.③DetailscanbeobtainedfromtheDepartmentofEducation.eq\a\vs4\al(知識(shí)要點(diǎn)5)acknowledgevt.承認(rèn)(屬實(shí)、權(quán)威等)；(公開)感謝(教材P2)However,TuYouyouwouldnotacknowledgedefeat.然而，屠呦呦并不接受失敗。[例1]Heacknowledgedhavingmadeamistake.他承認(rèn)做錯(cuò)了。[例2]Iacknowledgedhimasanexpert.我視他為專家。[翻譯]他們希望公開感謝警方在拍攝此片中所給予的幫助。Theywishtoacknowledgetheassistanceofthepoliceinthemakingofthisfilm.[知識(shí)拓展](1)acknowledge(doing/havingdone)sth. 承認(rèn)(做了)某事acknowledgesb./sth.tobe/as 承認(rèn)某人/某物是……acknowledgethat... 承認(rèn)……It'sgenerally/universallyacknowledgedthat... 大家公認(rèn)……(2)acknowledgementn. 承認(rèn)；感謝；謝禮[即學(xué)即練]——單句語法填空/句型轉(zhuǎn)換①Sheisacknowledgedtobe(be)oneofthebestsingersintheworld.②Withnosolidevidence,herefusedtoacknowledgestealing/havingstolen(steal)thelady'spurse.③Iwassentafreecopyinacknowledgement(acknowledge)ofmycontribution.④Peoplewidelyacknowledgethatstudentsshouldbeevaluatedintermsofoverallquality.＝Itiswidelyacknowledgedthatstudentsshouldbeevaluatedintermsofoverallquality.eq\a\vs4\al(知識(shí)要點(diǎn)6)(教材P2)Sheconcludedthatboilingthesweetwormwoodapparentlydestroyeditsmedicalproperties.她的結(jié)論是，煮沸青蒿顯然破壞了它的醫(yī)療特性。(1)concludevt.推斷出；得出結(jié)論；使結(jié)束vi.結(jié)束；終止[例1]Weconcludednottowaitanymore.我們決定不再等了。[例2]Thedoctorsconcludedthathehadsufferedastroke.醫(yī)生診斷他中風(fēng)了。[翻譯]你從所有這一切當(dāng)中得出什么結(jié)論？Whatdoyouconcludefromallthis?[知識(shí)拓展](1)conclude...from...從……中推斷出……conclude(fromsth.)that... (從某事中)推斷出……；(從某事中)斷定……concludesth.with.../bydoing... 以……結(jié)束……(2)conclusionn. 結(jié)論；推論；結(jié)束draw/reach/cometo/arriveata/theconclusion 得出結(jié)論inconclusion 最后；總之；總而言之[即學(xué)即練]——單句語法填空①Wewillhaveafurtherdiscussionbeforewedrawafinalconclusion(conclude)．②Inconclusion,IwouldliketosaythefilmBorninChinaisworthseeing.③Sheconcludedherperformancewithapoem.④Whatcanweconcludefromtheconversation?[聯(lián)想助記]完成下列表示“最后；總而言之”的其他表達(dá)：①inaword②inbrief③allinall④inshort⑤onthewhole[小片段填空]Theseventhchapterisaconclusion．Theauthorstatedthefulltext'skeypointsandconcludedthisarticle'sstudyconclusion．第七章是結(jié)論，作者綜述了全文要點(diǎn)，并得出了本文的研究結(jié)論。(2)apparentlyadv.顯而易見；看來；顯然[例1]Hewasapparentlymuchsurprisedatthenews.他對(duì)那個(gè)消息顯然感到十分驚訝。[例2]Thechildnodded,apparentlycontentwiththepromise.孩子點(diǎn)了點(diǎn)頭，看來他對(duì)這個(gè)許諾還滿意。[翻譯]顯然他從那里什么也沒看見。Apparentlyhecouldseenothingfromthere.[知識(shí)拓展](1)Asisapparentlyshown/statedinthepicture/chart/passageabove...正如上面圖畫/圖表/文中明顯展示/ 陳述的那樣……(2)apparentadj. 顯而易見的；顯然的；表面上的Itisapparentthat... 顯然……[即學(xué)即練]——單句語法填空①Asisapparentlyshowninthechartabove,thereareabout10%studentssupportingtheidea.②Hepaused,apparently(apparent)lostinthought.③Soon,itwasapparenttoeveryonethathecouldn'tsing.eq\a\vs4\al(知識(shí)要點(diǎn)7)insiston堅(jiān)決要求(教材P3)TuYouyouandherteammemberseveninsistedontestingthemedicineonthemselvestomakesurethatitwassafe.屠呦呦和她的團(tuán)隊(duì)成員甚至堅(jiān)持在自己身上測(cè)試藥物，以確保它是安全的。[例1]Heinsistedonhisdemand.他堅(jiān)持他的要求。[例2]Sheinsistedonhermother'slivingwithher.她堅(jiān)持要她母親和她住在一起。[翻譯]她堅(jiān)持立刻就走。Sheinsistedonleavingatonce.[知識(shí)拓展](1)insiston/upon(doing)sth.堅(jiān)決要求(做)某事(2)在“insist＋that...”結(jié)構(gòu)中，當(dāng)insist作“堅(jiān)持主張，堅(jiān)決要求”講時(shí)，其后的賓語從句用虛擬語氣，即從句謂語動(dòng)詞用“should＋動(dòng)詞原形”，should可以省略。當(dāng)insist作“堅(jiān)持說，堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為”講時(shí)，其后的賓語從句用陳述語氣。[即學(xué)即練]——單句語法填空①Theteacherinsistedonallthehomeworkbeinghanded(hand)inonMonday.②Heinsistedon/uponwalkingmetothestationtoseemeoff.③Heinsistedthattheproblem(should)bediscussed(discuss)atthemeeting.SentencePatternseq\a\vs4\al(重點(diǎn)句式1)過去分詞作定語(教材P2)In1967,theChinesegovernmentformedateamofscientistswiththeobjectiveofdiscoveringanewtreatmentformalaria,andTuYouyouwasamongthefirstresearcherschosen.1967年，中國政府組建了一支以探索治療瘧疾新方法為目的的科學(xué)家隊(duì)伍，屠呦呦是其中首批入選的研究人員。句式分析：過去分詞chosen作名詞researchers的后置定語，相當(dāng)于定語從句thatwerechosen的省略。[例1]Theexperiencegainedwillgiveyoumoreconfidencetohelpyourcustomers.獲得的經(jīng)驗(yàn)會(huì)給你更多的信心去幫助你的客戶。[例2]Therearemanybeautifullydecoratedhousesinthisricharea.這個(gè)富人區(qū)有許多裝飾精美的房子。[翻譯]所需的所有工具將全部供應(yīng)。Allthetoolsneededwillbefullysupplied.[知識(shí)拓展](1)過去分詞作定語時(shí)通常與所修飾的名詞構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，或表示動(dòng)作已完成。(2)過去分詞還可以在句中作時(shí)間、原因、條件、讓步、伴隨、方式等狀語。此時(shí)過去分詞通常與句子的主語構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，或表示動(dòng)作已完成。[即學(xué)即練]——單句語法填空/句型轉(zhuǎn)換①Given(give)alotofmoney,helivedabetterlife.②Used(use)withcare,onetinwilllastforsixweeks.③Theteachercamein,followed(follow)byagroupofstudents.④Themeetingwhichwasheldyesterdayisofgreatimportance.＝Themeetingheldyesterdayisofgreatimportance.eq\a\vs4\al(重點(diǎn)句式2)upon/ondoing...當(dāng)……時(shí)；一……就……(教材P3)UponhearingthatshehadbeenawardedtheNobelPrize，...當(dāng)聽到自己被授予諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)時(shí)，……句式分析：upon/ondoing...當(dāng)……時(shí)；一……就……，相當(dāng)于assoonas引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。[例1]Uponseeingher,Ismiledandrantowardher.看到她我笑了，并跑了過去。[例2]OnhisreturnfromJapan,Prof.Liwentdirectlytohislaboratoryandstartedworkingwithhiscolleagues.李教授剛一從日本回來就到他的實(shí)驗(yàn)室，開始和他的同事們一道工作起來。[翻譯]剛到國外的時(shí)候，我們會(huì)感到很興奮，一切事情看起來都很奇妙。Onarrivinginaforeigncountry,wemayfeelveryexcited,andeverythingappearswonderful.[知識(shí)拓展](1)一些表示短暫性動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞，如：arrive,return,reach,hear,see,receive,enter,step,get,recognize,leave等，它們相應(yīng)的名詞形式或動(dòng)名詞形式用在upon或on之后可表達(dá)“一……就……”。(2)某些at引導(dǎo)的介詞短語可用來表達(dá)“一……就……”，如：atthesightof(一看到)；atthethoughtof(一想到)；atthesoundof(一聽到)；atthefirstopportunity/chance(一有機(jī)會(huì))等。(3)在名詞minute,moment和instant前加上定冠詞the也可以引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句來表達(dá)“一……就……”。它們后面可以加that，含義不變。(4)可用副詞immediately和directly來表達(dá)“一……就……”。這時(shí)，它們所起的作用相當(dāng)于連詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。這種用法主要用在英國英語及口語中。[即學(xué)即練]——單句語法填空/句型轉(zhuǎn)換①Immediately(immediate)hearrived,hestartedtellinguswhattodo.②Atthesightofthepoliceofficerthethiefranoff.③I'lltellhimtheminute(that)hegetshere.④Assoonashewentoutoftheroom,Jackheardhiscellphoneringing.＝Upongoingoutoftheroom,Jackheardhiscellphoneringing.1．Thisyear'sNobelPrizeforPhysiologyorMedicinehasbeenawardedtoTuYouyou(co-winner),whoseresearchledtothediscoveryofartemisinin,acrucialnewtreatmentformalaria.【分析】主句后whose引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)非限制性定語從句，先行詞為TuYouyou，其中名詞短語acrucialnewtreatmentformalaria是artemisinin的同位語?！咀g文】今年的諾貝爾生理學(xué)或醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)授予了屠呦呦(共同獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)?，她的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)了青蒿素，這是一種治療瘧疾的關(guān)鍵新藥。2．Theythentriedboilingfreshwormwood,andusingtheliquidobtainedfromthistotreatmalaria,butthisdidnotwork,either.【分析】句中but連接表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的并列句，第一個(gè)分句中and連接表示順承關(guān)系的兩個(gè)并列的動(dòng)詞-ing形式作動(dòng)詞tried的賓語；過去分詞短語obtainedfromthis作名詞liquid的后置定語?！咀g文】然后他們?cè)囍研迈r的苦艾煮開，用從中提取的液體來治療瘧疾，但這也不管用。教材高考1.Artemisininhasbecomeavitalpartofthetreatmentformalaria,andisthoughttosave100，000livesayearinAfricaalone.(2019·天津卷)Understandinghistoryisvitaltounderstandingourselvesasapeopleandasanation.2.Herteamexaminedover2，000oldmedicaltexts,andevaluated280，000plantsfortheirmedicalproperties.(2019·全國卷Ⅱ)First,youneedtoevaluateyourself,yourvalues，yourstrengths,yourweaknesses，yourachievements,yourdesires，etc.3.However,TuYouyouwouldnotacknowledgedefeat.(2019·全國卷Ⅱ)Heryearsofhardworkhavefinallybeenacknowledgedafteracustomernominated(提名)hertobeCheshire'sWomanOfTheYear.4.Sheconcludedthatboilingthesweetwormwoodapparentlydestroyeditsmedicalproperties.(2019·北京卷)Theyconcludethatwhentaskinterdependenceishigh,teamperformancewillsufferwhenthereistoomuchtalent...Ⅰ.單句語法填空1.Foodandenergyarevitaltothelivelihood,developmentandstabilityofallnations.2．Sheisacknowledged(acknowledge)asanexpertonthesubjectnow.3．Sixsoldiersarereportedtohavediedfromtheirwounds.4．Threeprofessorswereaskedtomakeanevaluation(evaluate)oftheteachingplan.5．Shehascommittedherselftogo(go)atonce.6．Iaskedhimtostayforawhile,butheinsistedonleaving(leave)atonce.7．Uponhisarrival(arrive)atthespot,hefoundthatthegypsieshadgone.8．Hecontinuedtoplacesafetyaboveallotherobjectives(objective)．9．Theteachertriedhisbesttoanalyse(analyse)thecauseofourfailure.10．Thegeneralbegantoworkouthisplanfordefeating(defeat)theenemy.Ⅱ.選詞填空diefrom,inthebeginning,bychance,drawout,commitoneselfto,insiston,riskone'slife,leadto1．Imustgo.Ihavecommittedmyselftotheclubtonightandthemembersareexpectingme.2．TheteacherinsistedonallthehomeworkbeinghandedinonMonday.3．Thefiremanriskedhislifetosavethebabyfromtheburningbuilding.4．Ingivenconditions,abadthingcanleadtogoodresults.5．Inaseverewinter,wildanimalscandiefromlackoffood.6．“Noonedoesverywellatthisinthebeginning，”saidthecounselor.7．Imetafamousactorbychanceonthestreet.8．Hedrewouthisnotebookandbegantotakenotes.Ⅲ.課文語法填空In2015,TuYouyouwasawardedtheNobelPrizeforPhysiologyorMedicinebecauseshediscoveredartemisinin,whichisavital1.treatment(treat)formalaria.TuYouyouwasborninNingbo,Chinain1930and2.graduated(graduate)fromPekingUniversityMedicalSchoolin1955.In1967,she,togetherwithateamof3.scientists(scientist),begantodiscoveranewtreatmentformalaria.In1969,astheheadoftheproject,shedecided4.tofind(find)traditionalbotanicaltreatmentsforthediseasefromancientChinesemedicaltexts.Shegotaninspirationfromonemedicaltextofthefourthcentury,whichsuggested5.using(use)theextractfromsweetwormwoodtotreatafever.Atfirstherteamtestedacollectionof6.dried(dry)wormwoodleavesbutitdidn'twork.Thentheytriedboilingfreshwormwood7.buthadnoeffect,either.However,shedidn'tacknowledgethedefeatandfinallyfoundadifferentwaytotreatthewormwood.Shedrewouttheextractfromthewormwood8.atalowertemperatureandfoundasubstancethatworked.9.Luckily(lucky),herteamfinallysucceededin1971andthemedicine，10.whichwascalledartemisinin,soonbecameastandardtreatmentformalaria.速讀課文，完成下列任務(wù)：Ⅰ.閱讀判斷判斷以下句子提供的信息是正確，還是錯(cuò)誤，還是沒有提及。1．Artemisininhasimprovedthehealthofmillionsofthousandsofpeople.A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Notmentioned.2．In1967,TuYouyouformedateamofscientiststodiscoveranewtreatmentformalaria.A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Notmentioned.3．TuYouyoufoundartemisininbyusingtheextractfromdriedwormwood.A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Notmentioned.4．TheNobelPrizeprovesthattraditionalChinesemedicineisofgreatvaluetotheworld.A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Notmentioned.5．Chinesemedicineisbecomingmoreandmorepopularthroughouttheworld.A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Notmentioned.[答案]1－5ABBACⅡ.補(bǔ)全信息選擇正確選項(xiàng)填入空白處，補(bǔ)全所給句子提供的信息：A．a(chǎn)ndisthoughttosave100，000livesayearinAfricaaloneB．a(chǎn)ndhasledtoimprovedhealthformillionsofpeopleC．a(chǎn)ndabout600，000diefromitD．a(chǎn)ndgraduatedfromPekingUniversityMedicalSchoolin1955E．a(chǎn)ndevaluated280，000plantsfortheirmedicalproperti