高考英語(yǔ)詞匯400題及詳解

高考英語(yǔ)詞匯400題及詳解1.Inthisfactory,suggestionsoftenhavetowaitformonthsbeforetheyarefully_____.A.admittedB.acknowledgedC.absorbedD.considered[答案]D.considered[注釋]considered考慮;admit承認(rèn);absorb吸收。[注意]acknowledge1)(=agreeoradmitthetruthof;confess)承認(rèn),供認(rèn);A.Heacknowledgedhismistake.(他承認(rèn)了他的錯(cuò)誤。)B.接動(dòng)名詞Heacknowledgedhavingbeenbeaten.(他承認(rèn)被打敗了。)2)(expressthanksfor)致謝;A.Maryacknowledgedthegiftwithapleasantletter.(瑪麗致函感謝饋贈(zèng)的禮物。)B.Hislongservicewiththecompanywasacknowledgedwithapresent.(向他贈(zèng)送禮品以感謝他長(zhǎng)期來(lái)對(duì)公司的服務(wù)。)2.Theboyslippedoutoftheroomandheadedfortheswimmingpoolwithouthisparents'_____.A.commandB.convictionC.consentD.compromise[答案]C.consent[注釋]consent同意,贊成,答應(yīng)。conviction深信,確信。compromise妥協(xié),折中。command命令,指令;掌握,運(yùn)用能力。3.Ourresearchhasfocusedonadrugwhichisso_____astobeabletochangebrainchemistry.A.powerfulB.influentialC.monstrousD.vigorous[答案]A.powerful[注釋]powerful(=havingorproducinggreatpower)強(qiáng)有力的。在這里四個(gè)形容詞中,只有powerful(有效力的)可與表示藥物的名詞搭配。influential有影響的,有勢(shì)力的,monstrous異常大的,vigorous精力旺盛的,強(qiáng)健有力的。4.ThelostcaroftheLeeswasfound_____inthewoodsoffthehighway.A.vanishedB.abandonedC.scatteredD.rejected[答案]B.abandoned[注釋]abandoned(=giveupcompletely)放棄,拋棄;1)Thescientistabandonedhisresearchforlackoffund.2)Thesailorsabandonedtheburningship.[注意]abandon暗指某人對(duì)其所拋棄的人或物將會(huì)發(fā)生什么事情不感興趣,如把撞壞的汽車(chē)拋棄在路旁。vanish(=suddenlydisappear;gooutofexistence)vi.消失,絕跡;1)Theairplanevanishedintotheclouds.2)Manykindsofanimalshavevanishedformtheearth.(許多種類(lèi)的動(dòng)物以在地球上絕跡。)scatter(=send,goindifferentdirection)驅(qū)使,使分散;Thepolicescatteredthecrowed.(警察驅(qū)散人群。)(=throworputinvariousdirections)撒,到處放;Hescatteredhisclothesallovertheroom.reject(=refusetoaccept)拒絕接受;Sherejectedmysuggestion.5.Henry'snewsreportcoveringtheconferencewasso_____thatnothinghadbeenomitted.understandingB.comprehensibleC.comprehensiveD.understandable[答案]C.comprehensive.[注釋]comprehensive完全的無(wú)所不包的;comprehensible能懂的,可以理解的;understandable可以理解的,主要用來(lái)指人的行為。understanding用來(lái)指人時(shí),表示"善于理解別人或別人問(wèn)題的(人)。"注意下面的搭配：acomprehensivemap(街區(qū)詳圖);acomprehensibleremark(聽(tīng)得懂的話(huà)),anunderstandablemistake(可以理解的錯(cuò)誤);anunderstandingfriend(一位能理解人的朋友)。6.Shewasafraidthatunlessthetrainspeededupshewouldloseher_____toScotland.A.ticketB.placeC.seatD.connection[答案]D.connection[注釋]loseone'sconnectionto誤了到地方去的(汽車(chē)、火車(chē)、輪船的)聯(lián)運(yùn);ThetrainwaslateandImissedmyconnection.7.Theshipwas_____inastormoffJamaica.A.drownedB.sunkC.wreckedD.submitted[答案]C.wrecked[注釋]wreckvt.撞壞,毀壞;1)Mysonwreckedmycar.2)Mycarwascompletelywreckedintheaccident.sinkvt.下沉,沉沒(méi),該動(dòng)詞也可作及物動(dòng)詞用,意為“使下沉”,但按本題句意看,用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)不妥。drown溺死,淹死：(vt.)Hedrownedhiswife.(vi)Hedrownedintheriver.(他在河里淹死了。)submit1)(=putoneselfunderthecontrolofanother)提交,呈送(to)：Shouldawifesubmitherselftoherhusband?(妻子應(yīng)順從他丈夫嗎？)2)(=putforwardforoption,discussion,decisionect.)提出(供評(píng)論、討論決定等)Youmustsubmityourrequesttothecommittee.3)(=surrender(to),givein)屈服,投降：Afterbeingdefeated,theysubmittedtotheenemy.(打敗后,他們向敵人投降了。)8.Noonehas_____beenabletotracetheauthorofthepoem.A.stillB.yetC.alreadyD.just[答案]B.yet[注釋]yet常用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的否定句中,意為“尚,還”。9.Morethanone-thirdoftheChineseintheUnitedStatesliveinCalifornia,_____inSanFrancisco.A.previouslyB.predominantlyCpracticallyD.permanently[答案]B.predominantly.[注釋]predominantly(=mostly;mainly)主要地。previously(=comingearlierintimeororder)先前,早先;Thisisbetterthananysolutionpreviously.(這個(gè)辦法比以前提出的任何解決辦法都好。)practically(=really;inapracticalway)實(shí)際上。permanently(=goingonforalongtime)永久地。本題譯文：在美國(guó),華人中有三分之一居住在加利福尼亞洲,其中主要是在舊金山。10.Thenewsecretaryhaswrittenaremarkably_____reportonlyinafewpagesbutwithallthedetails.A.conciseB.clearC.preciseD.elaborate[答案]A.concise.[注釋]concise(=brief;givingmuchinformationinfewwords)簡(jiǎn)明扼要的：Hegaveaconcisereportofthemeeting.(他對(duì)會(huì)議作了簡(jiǎn)明扼要的報(bào)道。)clear清楚的。precise(=exact;correctlystated;freeformerror)精確的,明白無(wú)誤的;Pleasetellmetheprecisemeasurements.(請(qǐng)告訴我精確的尺寸。)elaborate(=workedoutwithmuchcare;carefullyprepared)精心制作的,豐盛的：Peterworkedoutanelaborateschemeforraisingthemoney.(彼得制定了一項(xiàng)詳盡得計(jì)劃來(lái)籌集著筆款項(xiàng)。)孤立地看,似乎4個(gè)形容詞均能修飾report,但從句子的邏輯關(guān)系看,后半句中有onlyinafewpagesbutwithallthedetails,故concise是最貼切的選擇了。11.Themanagingdirectortookthe_____fortheaccident,althoughitwasnotreallyhisfault.A.guiltB.chargeC.blameD.accusation[答案]C.blame.[注釋]taketheblamefor對(duì)承擔(dān)責(zé)任。Takechargeof負(fù)責(zé)管理(照顧)。[注意]charge前無(wú)冠詞the.12.Theworkeragreedto_____thestrikeifthecompanywouldsatisfytheirdemands.A.callforB.callforthC.calloffD.callup[答案]C.calloff[注釋]詳見(jiàn)III,25,26注釋。13.Icouldjustseeacarinthedistance,butIcouldn't_____whatcoloritwas.A.lookoutB.makeoutC.getacrossD.takeafter[答案]B.makeout[注釋]詳見(jiàn)III,123注釋。14.Hehasimpressedhisemployersconsiderablyand_____heissoontobepromoted.A.eventuallyB.yetC.finallyD.accordingly[答案]D.accordingly.[注釋]accordingly(=forthatreason,therefore)因此,所以。15.Itwasagreat_____forhimtobepleasanttopeoplehedidn'tlike.A.attemptB.troubleC.powerD.effort[答案]D.effort.[注釋]effort(作可數(shù)名詞用)(=vigorousattempt)努力的嘗試：Doesitrequireagreateffortofwilltogiveupsmoking?(戒煙需要堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的毅力嗎？)16.Thefiremenmanagedto_____thefireintime.A.extinguishB.preventC.suppressD.ruin[答案]A.extinguish.[注釋]extinguish(=putout)vt.撲滅(火焰等)。Stopthefire雖然也可以搭配,但按本句題意用extinguish為最佳。17.WhatismostobviousinthisbookareallthosedetailsofdailylivingwhichmakeMrs.Richard_____common.A.nothingbutB.anythingbutC.aboveallD.ratherthan[答案]B.anythingbut.[注釋]anythingbut(=farfrombeing)根本不;Theboysknewtheybadbrokentherules,andtheywereanythingbuthappywhentheywerecalledtotheoffice.(=Theywereunhappyandafraid.)nothingbut只不過(guò);Don'thavehimforafriend;he'snothingbutacriminal.(不要把他當(dāng)朋友,他只不過(guò)是個(gè)罪犯。)Ihavenothingbuttwodollars.(我只有2美元。)aboveall最重要的。ratherthan而不是.18.Thecarwascompletely_____andthedriverseriouslyinjured.A.brokenoffB.takenoffC.writtenoffD.pickedup[答案]C.writtenoff.[注釋]writeoff報(bào)廢,參看III,200.注釋;breakoff參看III.13.注釋;takeoff參看III.170.注釋;pickup參看III.130,129.注釋。19.Onthishappyoccasion,I'dliketosaythatweare_____muchobligedtoyouforyourkindcooperation.A.evensoB.eversoC.asyetD.sofar[答案]B.everso.[注釋]everso(=very)非常;It'seversocold.與名詞搭配時(shí)則用eversuch,如：She'seversuchanicegirl.(她是一位非常好的姑娘。)evenso(=althoughthatistrue,nevertheless;still)即使如此：Thefirewasout,butevenso,thesmellofsmokewasstrong.(=Thefirewasout,butthesmellwasstillthere.)20.Hisnewappointmenttakes_____fromthebeginningofnextmonth.A.placeB.effectC.postD.office[答案]B.effect.[注釋]takeeffect生效。21.Thepolicemanstoppedhimwhenhewasdrivinghomeand_____himofspeeding.A.chargedB.accusedC.blamedD.deprived[答案]B.accused.[注釋]accusesb.of...控告某人犯有,warnsb.of警告、告戒某人有deprivesb.ofsth.剝奪某人某事。chargesb.withmurder(指控某人犯有殺人罪)。22.Mr.Smithgradually_____aknowledgeofthesubject.A.attainedB.achievedC.requiredD.acquired[答案]D.acquired.[注釋]acquired(=gainforoneselfbyskillorability,byone'sowneffortsorbehavior)(由技術(shù)、能力、努力或行為)獲得;得到：HehasacquiredagoodcommandofEnglishlanguage.(他已精通英語(yǔ)。)achieve,vt.取得(勝利、成功等),實(shí)現(xiàn)(目標(biāo)、目的等)。attain,vt.達(dá)到(目的等),取得(成就等)：1)Ihopeyouwillattainyourobject.(我希望你會(huì)達(dá)到你的目的。)2)Heattainedsuccessthroughhardwork.23.Thisisthe_____pianoonwhichthecomposercreatedsomeofhisgreatestworks.A.actualB.genuineC.realD.original[答案]A.actual[注釋]本題中actual(=existinginfact,notimaginary)實(shí)際使用過(guò)的。actual,read,genuine是同義詞,有時(shí)可以互換,如：anactual(orreal)eventinhistory,(歷史上的真實(shí)事件),real(orgenuine)banknotes(真鈔票),其反義詞是false(假的);original(原來(lái)的),其反義詞是duplicate(復(fù)制的)。從不同的角度看,似乎任何一個(gè)選擇都說(shuō)得過(guò)去,但按照題意選A.actual最佳,因?yàn)轭}中強(qiáng)調(diào)的不是鋼琴的真假,而是指作曲家“實(shí)際使用過(guò)的”。本題譯文：這是作曲家創(chuàng)作他的一些杰出作品時(shí)實(shí)際使用過(guò)的那臺(tái)鋼琴。24.Mycameracanbe_____totakepicturesincloudyorsunnyconditions.A.treatedB.adoptedC.adjustedD.remedied[答案]C.adjusted.[注釋]adjust(=arrange,putinorderoragreement;makesuitableorconvenientforuse)強(qiáng)調(diào),調(diào)節(jié),使適應(yīng);Thebodyadjustsitselftochangeoftemperature.(身體能自行調(diào)節(jié)以適應(yīng)溫度的變化。)Myeyeshavenotbeenadjustedtodarkyet.(我的眼睛還沒(méi)有適應(yīng)黑暗。)本句中adjust是不及物動(dòng)詞。Imustadjustmywatch.It'sslow.(我必須調(diào)一下我的表。它走得慢了。)25.AccordingtothepsychoanalystSigmundFreud,wisdomcomesfromthe_____ofmaturity.A.fulfillmentB.achievementC.establishmentD.accomplishment[答案]B.achievement[注釋]achievement(=somethingsuccessfullyfinishedorgainedespeciallythroughskillandhardwork)取得,達(dá)到,成就。例如：achievementage智力成熟年齡。fulfilment(=theactoffulfillingorconditionofbeingfulfilled)履行,實(shí)行。如：Hewaswillingtofaceanyhardshipinfulfilmentofhisduties.(他愿意迎向困難去履行他得職責(zé)。)establishment建立,建設(shè)。Accomplishment(順利)完成：Itwasagreataccomplishmenttofinishthehousecleaningintwodays.(兩天內(nèi)打掃完這棟屋子是件很了不起的事。)26.Thenumberoftickets_____willbedeterminedbythesizeofthestadium.A.adaptableB.acceptableC.advisableD.available[答案]D.available.[注釋]available.(=capableofbeingused;thatmaybeobtained)可用的,有效的,可得到的。例如：1)Therearenodoctorsavailableintheremoteareas.(在邊遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)沒(méi)有大夫。)2)Thereticketsareavailableforonmonth.(這些票有效期一個(gè)月。)acceptable可以接受的：Noneofthesuggestionswasacceptable.advisable明智的,可取的,適當(dāng)?shù)模篒thinkitadvisablethathebeassignedtothejob.(我認(rèn)為指派他干這項(xiàng)工作是可取的。)adaptable能適應(yīng)的：Heisanadaptablemanandwillsoonlearnthenewwork.27.Toomanyhotelshavebeenbuiltandthishas_____prices,makingholidayscheaper.A.cutshortB.cutoutC.cutoffD.cutdown[答案]D.cutdown.[注釋]cutdown參閱III,38注釋。28.Heisaveryhonestofficialandnever_____anygiftsfromthepeoplewhosoughthishelp.A.acceptedB.receivedC.tookupD.excepted[答案]A.accepted[注釋]receive收到,接到,指“收,接”這一動(dòng)作;而accept是經(jīng)過(guò)考慮“接受”下來(lái),表示當(dāng)事人的態(tài)度,如：Ireceivedthepresent,butIdidnotacceptit.(我收到了這件禮物,但我沒(méi)有接受。)29.Hewasnot_____totheclubbecausehewasn'tamember.A.allowedB.admittedC.permittedD.approved[答案]B.admitted.[注釋]admitsb.to(=allowsb.orsth.toenter;letin)允許某人某物進(jìn)入;讓進(jìn)入：1)Childrenarenotadmitted.(兒童免進(jìn)。)Onlyonehundredboysareadmittedtotheschooltheschooleveryyear.(這所學(xué)校每年只收100名男生。)admit(=acknowledge;confess)承認(rèn),供認(rèn)：1)Wehavetoadmitthatheisahighlycompetentman.(我們不得不承認(rèn)他是一位能力很強(qiáng)的人。)2)Thethiefadmittedhiscrime.3)Sheadmittedhavingreadtheletter,4)Iadmitbreakingthewindow.注意admit后可接動(dòng)名詞的一般式或完成式。5)Wemustadmitthetasktobedifficult。注意admit也可以接復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。allow和permit后均可接sb.todosth.,故不合本題題意。approvesth.批準(zhǔn);approveofdoingsth.(=thinkwellof)贊成,贊許：1)Iamafraidtheywon'tapproveofyourgoingthere.(恐怕他們不會(huì)贊成你去那里的。)2)Idon'tapproveofyourwayoflookingatthings.(我不贊同你看待事情的方法。)30.Althoughhedoesn'tlikethatlaw,hewill_____withit.A.confineB.conformC.complyD.contend[答案]C.comply[注釋]complywith遵守。31.Motorists_____ofspeedingmaybebannedfromdrivingforayear.A.convictedB.arrestedC.chargedD.judged[答案]A.convicted.[注釋]beconvictedto被判有(罪)：Hewasconvictedofmurder.(他被法院判有謀殺罪。)32.Thereasonwhyheadaptedtothenewsituationsquicklyisthathehasa_____attitude.A.changeableB.alternateC.movableD.flexible[答案]D.flexible.[注釋]flexible靈活的,可變通的;Weneedaforeignpolicythatismoreflexible.33.Willallthose_____theproposalraisetheirhands?A.inrelationtoB.inexcessofC.incontrasttoD.infavorof[答案]D.infavorof.[注釋]infavorof贊成。inexcessof超過(guò)。inrelationto關(guān)系到。incontrastto與相對(duì)照。例如：1)Everyoneintheclassvotedinfavoroftheparty.(=Allofthechildrenvotedtohaveaparty.)2)Wegot$5000inexcessofthefixedsum.(我們盯定額多收入5000美元。)3)Thisappearssmallincontrastto(with)that.(這個(gè)同那個(gè)對(duì)比起來(lái)顯得小了。)4)Ihavealottosayinrelationtothataffair.(我對(duì)那件事有許多話(huà)要說(shuō)。)5)Wemustplanin(with)relationtothefuture.(我們定計(jì)劃時(shí)要考慮到將來(lái)。)本題譯文：請(qǐng)所有贊成此項(xiàng)建議的人舉手。34.Anearlytypewriterproducedlettersquicklyandneatly;thetypist,_____couldn'tseehisworkonhismachine.A.howeverB.thereforeC.yetD.although[答案]A.however.[注釋]however然而。本題譯文：早期的打字機(jī)打起字來(lái)又快又整齊,然而打字員不能看著機(jī)器鍵盤(pán)打字。35.Weareinterestedintheweatherbecauseit_____ussodirectlywhatwewear,whatwedo,andevenhowwefeel.A.benefitsB.guidesC.affectsD.effects[答案]C.affects.[注釋]affect(=haveaninfluenceoreffecton)影響：Theclimateaffectedhishealth.(氣候影響[損害]了他的健康。)[注意]affectvt.影響。effectn.(=influent)影響,作用：Somefilmshaveamisleadingeffectonchildren.effectvt.(=bringabout)實(shí)行,進(jìn)行,產(chǎn)生后果:1)Iwilleffectmypurpose:no-oneshallstopme!2)Wehopetoeffectanimprovement.(我們希望能引起改進(jìn)。)注意兩個(gè)常用的習(xí)語(yǔ):1)tothateffect那個(gè)意思的(話(huà))：Shesaidshehatedspinach,orwordstothateffect.(她說(shuō)她不喜歡吃菠菜或那個(gè)意思的話(huà)。)2)totheeffectthat...意思時(shí)說(shuō),表示下述意思：Isaidafewwordstheeffectthatallhehadtolduswasalreadywellknown.(我說(shuō)了幾句話(huà),意思是說(shuō)他告訴我們的一切都已眾所周知。)36.Icanmeetyouateighto'clock;_____youcancallforme.A.incidentallyB.actuallyC.alternativelyD.accordingly[答案]C.alternatively[注釋]alternatively(=asanalternative)作為一個(gè)替代辦法：Ifhoweverisused,butisnotneeded;oralternativelyomithowever.(如果使用however,就不需要but;或者作為一個(gè)替代辦法省去however。)[注意]alternately和alternatively的區(qū)別:alternately(交替地)：AtaChinesedinner,theguestsandthehostssitalternatelyataroundtable.37.Hehasthe_____ofanathlete:hereallygoesallouttowin.A.instantsB.instancesC.instinctsD.intelligences[答案]C.instincts.[注釋]instinct天生的本領(lǐng)。instantn.瞬間,時(shí)刻;adj.立即的,直接的。如：instantcoffee速溶咖啡;instantfood(s)方便食品。例如：Spaceshipsarestockedwithavarietyofinstantfoods.(宇宙飛船上備有各種個(gè)樣的方便食品。)38.Auniversityisaneducationalinstitutionwhich_____degreesandcarriesoutresearch.A.rewardsB.awardsC.grantsD.presents[答案]B.awards.[注釋]awardssb.sth.授于某人某物。如：TheyawardedJohnthefirstprize.(他們授于約翰一等獎(jiǎng)。)對(duì)比：rewardsbwithsth.以某物酬謝某人,須加介詞with;Theyrewardedtheboywith$5forbringingbackthelostdog.(他們給這男孩5美元酬謝他把丟失的狗找回來(lái)。)grant(=consenttogiveorallowwhatisaskedfor)同意(給予),答應(yīng)(請(qǐng)求)：Thefirmgrantedhimapension.(公司同意給予他退休金。)presentsb.withsth.贈(zèng)送：Ourclasspresentedtheschoolwithapicture.(我們班給學(xué)校送了一幅畫(huà)。)present頒發(fā),呈遞：1)Theprincipalwillpresentthediplomas.(校長(zhǎng)將頒發(fā)文憑。)2)WeshallpresentacompletereporttotheAnnualConference.(我們將向年會(huì)遞交一份全面的報(bào)告。)本題句意是：大學(xué)是授予學(xué)位和進(jìn)行研究的教育機(jī)構(gòu)?？梢?jiàn),本題應(yīng)選award.39.Theoldladycan'thopeto_____hercoldinafewdays.A.getoverB.getoffC.holdbackD.holdup[答案]A.getover[注釋]參閱III,55注釋。40.Jim'splanstogotocollege_____atthelastmoment.A.felloutB.gaveawayC.gaveoffD.fellthrough[答案]D.fellthrough，未能實(shí)現(xiàn)[注釋]參閱III,49注釋。41.TheDepartmentisalsodeeply_____invariousimprovementschemes.A.connectedB.includedC.involvedD.implied[答案]C.involved.[注釋]beinvolvedin參與。Beincludedin包括在中。42.Keysshouldneverbehiddenaroundthehousesincethieves_____knowwheretolook.A.virtuallyB.variouslyC.unavoidablyD.invariably[答案]D.invariably.[注釋]invariably總是,不變地。Virtually事實(shí)上,實(shí)際上。unavoidably不可避免地。43.Theboyhada_____escapewhenheranacrosstheroadinfrontofthebus.A.closeB.shortC.narrowD.fine[答案]C.narrow.[注釋]haveanarrowescape幸免遇難。44.DoyoumindifI_____withmyworkwhileyouaregettingteaready.A.getthroughB.turntoC.carryonD.comeon[答案]C.carryon.[注釋]carryon繼續(xù),參看Ⅲ,28。45.Ileftfortheofficeearlierthanusualthismorning_____trafficjam.A.inlinewithB.incaseofC.forthesakeofD.attheriskof[答案]B.incaseof.[注釋]incaseof參看Ⅲ,94注釋。Inlinewith(=inagreementwith)與一致,符合：Hisactionswerenotinlinewithhisbelief.本句中inlinewith...作表語(yǔ)。Inlinewithhistoryandsocialevolutionsocialismisinevitable.本句中inlinewith引導(dǎo)地短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ),意為“按照”。Forthesakeof為了起見(jiàn)。Atthesakeof冒的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。46.Thefinanceministerhasnotbeenso_____sinceheraisedtaxestosuchahighlevel.A.popularB.well-knownC.favorableD.preferable[答案]A.popular.[注釋]popular此處意為“(=likedandadmired)受愛(ài)戴的,有名聲或聲望的”。47.Itiswrongforsomeoneinsuchahigh_____inthegovernmenttobehavetoobadlyinpublic.A.situationB.positionC.employmentD.profession[答案]B.position.[注釋]position此句中指“地位”(不可數(shù),有時(shí)加不定冠詞),如：1)Shewasawomanofhighposition.2)ahigh(low)positionsociety.48.Weallknewfromthevery_____thattheplanwouldfail.A.outcomeB.outsetC.incomeD.output[答案]B.outset.[注釋]outset開(kāi)端,開(kāi)始,fromtheveryoutset(從一開(kāi)始)。outbreak爆發(fā),發(fā)生。outcome結(jié)局.income收入。output產(chǎn)量。49.Helookedratheruntidyasthereweretwobuttons_____fromhiscoat.A.loosingB.losingC.offD.missing[答案]D.missing.[注釋]missing缺少的;abookwithsomemissingpages.(缺頁(yè)書(shū))。50.Lawyersoftenmakehigher_____fortheirworkthantheyshould.A.billsB.chargesC.pricesD.costs[答案]B.charges.[注釋]makechargesfor對(duì)收(費(fèi));索(價(jià))。charge也可以用作動(dòng)詞,表示“收費(fèi),索價(jià)”,如：1)Wedon'tchargeanythingforthat.(對(duì)此我們不收費(fèi)。)2)Howmuchdoyouchargeforahaircut?(理個(gè)發(fā)要收多少錢(qián)？)51.Theworkmenmadesomuch_____thatMrs.Walkerhadtospendthreedayscleaningupafterwards.A.troubleB.damageC.messD.nuisance[答案]C.mess.[注釋]makemess弄得亂七八糟。Makeamessof“把弄得亂七八糟”：Hemadeamessofhiswork.(他把他的工作搞得亂七八糟。)52.Theyhaveheldseveralmeetingsto_____nextyear'sproductionplans.A.setdownB.makeoutC.workupD.drawup[答案]D.drawup.[注釋]參閱III,42。本題譯文,他們已開(kāi)過(guò)幾次會(huì)議來(lái)起草明年得生產(chǎn)計(jì)劃。53.Howcanwegetthislanguagepoint_____tothestudents.A.downB.roundC.acrossD.into[答案]C.across.[注釋]參閱III,64注釋。本題譯文,我們?cè)鯓硬拍馨堰@個(gè)語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)向?qū)W生講清楚？54.Thisbookgivesabrief_____ofthehistoryofthecastleanddetailsoftheartcollectioninthemainhall.A.outlineB.referenceC.articleD.outlook[答案]A.outline.[注釋]outline輪廓,概要;giveanoutlineofsth.概要說(shuō)明某事。55.Dresswarmly,_____you'llcatchcold.A.onthecontraryB.orratherC.orelseD.innoway[答案]C.orelse.[注釋]orelse(=otherwise;ifnot)否則：Hurryup,or(else)you'llbelate.56.Kate'sambitiontobecomeanurse_____fromadesiretohelpothers.A.promptedB.promotedC.programmedD.proceeded[答案]D.proceeded.[注釋]proceedform(=ariseform)來(lái)自;由產(chǎn)生：1)Cloudsofsmokeproceededformthechimney.(從煙囪里升起縷縷濃煙。)2)Thisproceededfromignorance.(這是出于無(wú)知。)[注意]proceed的其他用法：(=goon[todosth.];continue)接著(做某事);繼續(xù)進(jìn)行;1)Heproceededtogivemeavividdescriptionofthemountainousscenerythere.(他接著給我栩栩如生地描述那里的山區(qū)景色。)2)接介詞with;Nowpleaseproceedwithyourstory.(現(xiàn)在請(qǐng)你接著將下去。)3)接介詞to:Wewillnowproceedtothenextbusiness.(我們現(xiàn)在將接著干下面的一件事。)4)準(zhǔn)備取得(某種學(xué)位)：HewillproceedtothedegreeofM.A.thisyear.(他準(zhǔn)備今年取得文科碩士學(xué)位。)本題譯文：凱特想當(dāng)護(hù)士的志向出自于幫助他人的愿望。57.Theislandwheretheserarebirdsnesthasbeendeclareda_____.A.observationB.reservationC.preservationD.conservation[答案]D.conservation.[注釋]conservation保存(自然資源等)theconservationofsoilandwater水土保持;thelawofconservationofenergy能量守恒定律。observation觀(guān)察;reservation(旅館房間、戲院座位等的)預(yù)定;保留(意見(jiàn));[美]保留地：1)Haveyoumakeyourreservations?(你預(yù)定了沒(méi)有？)2)Iwillacceptthesuggestionwithoutreservation.(我將毫無(wú)保留地接受這項(xiàng)建議。)3)ThegovernmenthassetapartIndianreservations.(政府已經(jīng)劃出印地安人保留地。)preservation保存Wemuststriveforthepreservationofournaturalresources.(我們必須努力保護(hù)自然資源)conservation,preservation,reservation從漢語(yǔ)概念出發(fā)時(shí)很容易混淆。Conservation是動(dòng)詞conserve派生的名詞,與原來(lái)動(dòng)詞的意義相同,表示"保持、保存”時(shí),強(qiáng)調(diào)“珍惜、節(jié)用。Preservation是動(dòng)詞preserve派生的名詞,強(qiáng)調(diào)“收藏、保存”使之完好無(wú)損或質(zhì)量不變;常與食品、博物館收藏的展品等詞搭配。Reservation主要指意見(jiàn)、看法等的“保留”;作“保留地”解時(shí),尤指美國(guó)印地安人保留地或澳大利亞土著民族保留地。本題指自然生態(tài)的保持,用conservation最切題。本題譯文：這個(gè)珍禽巢居的島已宣布為自然保護(hù)區(qū)。58.AlthoughJohnwastheeldestinthefamily,healwayslethissister_____chargeofthehouse.A.takeB.holdC.makeD.get[答案]A.take.[注釋]takechargeof(=tobeorbecomeresponsibleforsb.orsth.)負(fù)責(zé)、掌管、看管;Hetookchargeofthedepartment(orthechildren).59.Thechildenjoyed_____upthewoodenbricksthenknockingthemdown.A.addingB.pushingC.pilingD.forming[答案]C.piling.[注釋]pileup(=layinapileorasifinapile)把放成一堆,堆積：pileupthebooksonthetable(把書(shū)堆在桌子上)。Pileup作不及物動(dòng)詞用,意為“積壓;(若干汽車(chē))相撞”：1)Perishablegoodsarepilingupatthedocks.(碼頭上易腐爛的貨物堆積如山。)2)Severalcarspiledupafterignoringthefogwarningonthemotorway.(由于無(wú)視高速公路上的大霧警告,有好幾輛汽車(chē)相撞。)60.Johnwasveryupsetbecausehewas_____bythepolicewithbreakingthelaw.A.accusedB.arrestedC.sentencedD.charged[答案]D.charged.[注釋]bechargedwith受指控犯有;Hewaschargedwithmurder.(他受指控犯有兇殺罪。)61.Itisn'tquite_____thathewillbepresentatthemeeting.A.sureB.rightC.exactD.certain[答案]D.certain.[注釋]Iamsurethat+從句。Heissuretocome.=Heiscertaintocome.但在it作形式主語(yǔ),that引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句時(shí),主句中表語(yǔ)只能用certain,不能用sure.62.Manynew_____willbeopenedupinthefutureforthosewithauniversityeducation.A.opportunitiesB.realitiesC.necessitiesD.probabilities[答案]A.opportunities.[注釋]opportunity常指“(難得的應(yīng)抓住的)機(jī)會(huì)”,既可作可數(shù)名詞,也可以作不可數(shù)名詞用,如：Ihadfewopportunitiesofmeetinginterestingpeoplethere.Theyhadnotmuchopportunityforhearinggoodmusicintheremotearea.63.Themembersoftheclubwouldn'truna_____inentrusting（委托）theorganizationtoanunreliableperson.A.dangerB.riskC.hazardD.chance[答案]B.risk.[注釋]runarisk(in)冒險(xiǎn)：Youarerunningabigriskintrustinghim.本題譯文：俱樂(lè)部成員不愿冒險(xiǎn)把這個(gè)組織委托給一個(gè)不可靠的人管理。64.Themeetingwas_____whenthechairmanfellill.A.putdownB.shutoutC.cutshortD.takenoff[答案]C.cutshort.[注釋]cutshort(=interrupt)打斷,中斷：1)Hemadeasuggestion,butIcuthimshort.(他提了個(gè)建議,但我打斷了他。)2)Hecutshorthistourandreturnedhome.(他中斷旅行,回家了。)shutoff(=cutoff,interrupt)切斷,中斷;由指切斷供應(yīng)等,如：Thewaterwasshutoffforseveralhourswhiletheplumberrepairedthepipes.Shutout(=keepout;exclude;preventformentering)把關(guān)在外面,排除,不讓入內(nèi)：1)Heshutthecatout.(他把貓關(guān)在外面。)2)Thelawwasdesignedtoshutoutimmigrants.(這項(xiàng)法律旨在拒絕移民入竟。)3)Theyshutoutthedustbyhavingdoublewindows.(他們用雙層窗戶(hù)防塵。)4)TheybegintospeakFrench,shuttingouttheboyfromtheirconversation.(他們講起法語(yǔ)來(lái),使這個(gè)男孩無(wú)法參加他們的談話(huà)。)65.Johnsaysthathispresentjobdoesnotprovidehimwithenough_____forhisorganizingability.A.scopeB.spaceC.capacityD.range[答案]A.scope.[注釋]本題中scope(=opportunity;outlet)施展機(jī)會(huì),發(fā)展余地,是不可數(shù)名詞,如：Givesomeonescopetoshowhisability.Range意指“變動(dòng)范圍;視聽(tīng)范圍;理解范圍”,如：therangeofprices(價(jià)格變動(dòng)范圍).66.Ijustmanagedto_____aquickbreathbeforeIwassuckedunderthewaterbythepassingboat.A.snatchB.scratchC.scrapeD.scan[答案]A.snatch.[注釋]snatch的原義是“攫取;抓住;奪得”。本題中snatch意指“匆忙間設(shè)法得到”,如：Hesnatchedanhourofsleep.(他匆匆睡了一小時(shí)覺(jué)。)snatchaquickbreath(匆忙猛吸了一口氣)。67.Mybrotherlikeseatingverymuchbutheisn'tvery_____aboutthefoodheeats.A.specialB.peculiarC.particularD.unusual[答案]C.particular.[注釋]beparticularabout對(duì)講究,挑剔;Sheisveryparticularaboutwhatshewears.(她對(duì)她得穿著很講究。)Mr.Smithwasquiteparticularaboutmywork.(史密斯先生對(duì)工作十分挑剔。)68.Idon'tthinkthechargeforoverhauling（大修）theequipmentisexcessivein_____toitssize.A.correspondenceB.equationC.proportionD.dimension[答案]C.proportion.[注釋]inproportionto是固定搭配,意為“與成比例,與相稱(chēng)”。反義語(yǔ)：outofproportion不成比例,不相稱(chēng)。本題稱(chēng)。本題譯文：我認(rèn)為該設(shè)備的大修費(fèi)并不過(guò)分,是與它的大小相稱(chēng)的。69.Voiceswere_____astheargumentbetweenthetwomotoristsbecamemorebad-tempered.A.swollenB.raisedC.developedD.increased[答案]B.raised.[注釋]raise(=liftup)one'svoice提高嗓門(mén),高聲叫喊。Raiseone'svoiceagainststh.意為“為抗議某事而大聲疾呼”,如：Asnooneraisedhisvoiceagainsttheplan,itwasagreedon.(因?yàn)闆](méi)有人發(fā)表反對(duì)意見(jiàn),該計(jì)劃就一致通過(guò)了。)voice的常用習(xí)語(yǔ)有：thepublicvoice(輿論),underone'svoice(小聲地),withonevoice(異口同聲地,一致地),loseone'svoice(嗓子啞了,說(shuō)不出話(huà)來(lái)),havenovoicewith(對(duì)某事無(wú)發(fā)言權(quán))。70.Havinglivedinthetownforquiteafewyears,Mr.Johnsonnolongerfelt_____amongthelocalpeople.A.outoforderB.outofplaceC.outofcontrolD.outofthequestion[答案]B.outofplace.[注釋]outofplace(=inthewrongplaceoratthewrongtime;notsuitable;improper)(作表語(yǔ)用)不適宜,不得體：1)Joanwastheonlygirlwhoworeaformalattheparty,andshefeltoutofplace.(=Shefeltembarrassedbecauseherdresswasnotsuitablefortheparty.)2)ItwasoutofplaceforRusselltolaughattheoldlady.(=Itwasnotproper;sheshouldnothavedoneit.)此外,outofplace(=notintherightusualplaceorposition)(作狀語(yǔ)用)不在原來(lái)通常的地方：Helenfellandknockedoneofherteethoutofplace.Outoforder發(fā)生故障;失調(diào)。Outofcontrol失去控制。Outofthequestion不可能的。71.Hestoppedhisearswithhishandsto_____theterriblenoise.A.showoffB.cutoutC.keepfromD.shutout[答案]D.shutout.[注釋]shutout排除。參看IV.64。showoff炫耀;cutout刪掉;keepfrom;1)隱瞞;Shekeptthetruthfromme.(她向我隱瞞真相。)2)不沾,避開(kāi);Hekeepsfromalcohol.(他滴酒不沾。)3)使不做某事：Shekeptherselffromlaughing.(她沒(méi)有笑出來(lái)。)72.Myhouseistheonlybrickoneonthestreet.It_____andyoucan'tmissit.A.standsupB.looksoutC.sticksoutD.wipesout[答案]C.stickout.[注釋]stickout(=protrude,project)伸出,突出;顯露,顯眼：1)Thedoctoraskedhimtostickhistongueout.2)Spellingmistakesstickoutinthiscomposition.(這篇作文中拼寫(xiě)錯(cuò)誤很顯眼。)stickout(=enduretotheend)堅(jiān)持到底;Ifyoucanstickoutabitlonger,everythingwillbeallright.(假如你能在堅(jiān)持一下,一切都會(huì)好起來(lái)。)wipe