人教版高中英語(yǔ)選修七第1講：Living-well-詞匯篇(學(xué)生版)

第1講Livingwell詞匯篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________熟練掌握重點(diǎn)單詞及其用法；能夠熟練運(yùn)用重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)和句型。一.重點(diǎn)詞匯1.ambition(n.)雄心[重點(diǎn)用法]ambitiousadj.志向遠(yuǎn)大的;有雄心壯志的;有野心的beambitiousfor[power,socialposition,etc.]極欲獲得[權(quán)力,社會(huì)地位等]beambitiousofsuccess渴望成功beambitioustoservethepeople一心想為人民服務(wù)[典例]1)Herambitionisthepresidency.她的抱負(fù)是成為一名總統(tǒng)2)Afterseveralhours’work,shehadnoambitiontogodancing.沒(méi)有精力去跳舞了3)Theprincewasattractedbythegirl’sbeauty,andambitioustomarryher.王子為女孩的美貌打動(dòng)了，渴望能娶到她。2.beneficial(adj.)有益的[重點(diǎn)用法]benefitv.&n.有助于；受益；利益，好處bebeneficialtosth./sb.對(duì)……有益beofbenefitto對(duì)……有益forthebenefitof為了……(的利益)benefitfrom從……中受益[典例]1)Atemperateclimateisbeneficialtothehealth.溫和氣候有利于健康.2)Sunshineisbeneficialtoplants.陽(yáng)光對(duì)植物有益。3)IhopewhatIhavewrittenwillbeofbenefittosomeoneelsewhomayfeelthesameway.我希望我寫的這些將對(duì)有同感的人有幫助.4)Bothsideshavebenefitedfromthetalks.雙方都從和談中受益。3.adapt(v.)使適應(yīng);改編[重點(diǎn)用法]adapt(oneself)tosth.適應(yīng)某物adapt…to…使……適應(yīng)……adaptsth.forsth.fromsth.根據(jù)某事將……改編成……beadaptedfrom…由……改編[典例]1)Youshouldadaptyourselftothenewenvironment.你應(yīng)該適應(yīng)新環(huán)境。2)ThemakersadaptedthecartoonsfilmforchildrenfromtheRussianoriginal.影片制作人為了孩子們將這本俄文原著改編成了卡通電影。4.conduct(n.)行為(v.)指揮[重點(diǎn)用法]conductorn.領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者,經(jīng)理,abadconduct惡劣行為undertheconductof在......指導(dǎo)［管理］下[典例]1)Thechairpersonconductedthehearing.主席先生主持了這個(gè)聽證會(huì)。2)Hisconductofthebusinesswasverysuccessful.他的事業(yè)進(jìn)展得相當(dāng)順利。3)Thecuratorconductedthevisitorsroundthemuseum.館長(zhǎng)領(lǐng)著游客們?cè)诓┪镳^中參觀。5.resign(v.)辭職；委托，把......交托給(to,into)[重點(diǎn)用法]resignone’sposition(assecretary)辭去(秘書)職務(wù)resignoffice辭職resignoneselfto聽任(某種影響)；只好(做某事)resignoneselftoone’sfate聽天由命resign...to...把......托付給[典例]1)Inordertolookafterhersickmother,Marydecidedtoresignherpositionasamanagerinthecompany.為了照顧生病的母親，Mary決定辭去公司經(jīng)理的職務(wù)。2)Iresignmychildrentoyourcare.我把孩子們委托你來(lái)照顧。6.companion(n.)同伴[重點(diǎn)用法]makecompanionsof與......作伴，與......為友companionsinarms戰(zhàn)友a(bǔ)faithfulcompanion忠實(shí)伴侶[典例]1)HiscompanionisJim,ablackslavewhohasalsorunaway.他的搭檔Jim是一個(gè)黑奴，也是逃出來(lái)的。2)Hisbrotherisnotmuchofacompanionforhim.他兄弟與他情趣不甚相投。7.accessn.（接近的）方法；通路；可接近性[重點(diǎn)用法]accessibleadj.易接近的,可到達(dá)的,accessibleto(prep.)[典例]1)Fallenrockscutofftheonlyaccesstothevillage.落石阻斷了通往村莊的唯一通道。2)Everystudenthasfreeaccesstothelibrary.每位學(xué)生都可自由利用圖書館。3)Aplaceaccessibletothepublic.公眾可以進(jìn)入的地方8.suitableadj.適合的，適當(dāng)?shù)腫典例]1)Expertsineducationcallformorebookssuitableforchildren教育方面的專家呼吁多些適合兒童閱讀的書籍。2)Thiswineisnotsuitabletomytaste.這酒不合我的胃口。[重點(diǎn)用法]suitv.合適，適合，相配unsuitableadj.不適合的，不相稱的besuitablefor(doing)sth./sb.很適合(做)……9.annoyvt.使生氣，使煩惱；招惹；妨礙[典例]1)Stopannoyingyourmother.Sheisbusy.別煩你媽媽,她現(xiàn)在很忙。2)Itannoyedhimwhensomeonemadefunofhisuglyhandwriting.當(dāng)有人取笑他的字跡難看時(shí),他就十分惱火。[重點(diǎn)用法]beannoyedat/bysth.因?yàn)槟呈露械嚼_get/beannoyedwithsb.生某人的氣annoying令人惱火的annoyed惱怒的;煩惱的10.adequateadj.適當(dāng)?shù)?，足夠的；差?qiáng)人意的[典例]1)Thesupplyisnotadequatetothedemand.供不應(yīng)求。2)Iamsuretoproveadequatetothejob.我一定會(huì)證明自己能勝位這項(xiàng)工作。3)Theskater’stechniquewasonlyadequate.滑冰者的技術(shù)只能說(shuō)是差強(qiáng)人意二.重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)1.inotherwords換句話說(shuō)[短語(yǔ)歸納]inaword=inoneword總而言之inwords用語(yǔ)言haveawordwithsb.與某人談話havewordswith與某人爭(zhēng)吵[典例]1)Youcanstayathomeandneedn’tcomehereanylonger.Inotherwords,youarefired.你可以在家呆著以后都不用來(lái)了。也就是說(shuō)，你被解雇了。2)Hefoundhisfirstjob.Inotherwords,heneedn’tdependonhisfatheranymore.他找到了他的第一份工作，換句話說(shuō)，他再也不用依靠他父親了。2.cutout切掉，刪掉[短語(yǔ)歸納]cutdown砍倒；削減,壓縮cutup切[破]碎cutoff切斷，停掉；隔絕，擋住[典例]1)Icutthisarticleoutofthenewspaper.我從報(bào)紙上剪下了這篇文章。2)Desertsarealsocreatedbecausepeoplecutdowntreesanddigupgrass.由于人們砍樹挖草導(dǎo)致了沙漠的產(chǎn)生。3)Thefloodcutofftheirsupplies.洪水切斷了他們的供養(yǎng)。3.outofbreath上氣不接下氣[短語(yǔ)歸納]holdone’sbreath屏息catchone’sbreath松一口氣takeadeepbreath深深地吸了一口氣outofcontrol失控outofsight看不見(jiàn)outoforder壞了outofreach夠不著[典例]1)Hebecameoutofbreathafterrunningbacktotheclassroom.跑回教室后他變得上氣不接下氣。2)Heranasfastashecouldandfinallycaughtupwithhisteacherbutgotoutofbreath.他飛快地跑著，最終追上了他的老師可是已經(jīng)上氣不接下氣。4.makefunof取笑[短語(yǔ)歸納]havefunwithsb.（和某人在一起）娛樂(lè)，開心forfun為了快樂(lè)，鬧著玩地playajokeonsb.開某人的玩笑playatrickonsb.捉弄某人[典例]1)Weshouldnotmakefunoftheclassmateswhentheycannotanswerthequestionscorrectly.當(dāng)同學(xué)不能正確回答問(wèn)題時(shí)，我們不應(yīng)該嘲笑他們。2)Nobodylikesbeingmadefunof.沒(méi)有人喜歡被嘲笑。3)Childrendrawpicturesforfun.孩子們?cè)诋嬛婺亍?.allthebest一切順利[短語(yǔ)歸納]at(the)best至多，充其量也不過(guò)……doone’sbest竭盡全力makethebestof最有效地利用bestofall尤其，特別[典例]1)Myfatherlovesgolfbestofall.Hegoesforiteveryweekend.我父親特別喜歡打高爾夫球,每個(gè)周末他都會(huì)去打一次。2)Iwishyouallthebestduringthejourney.我祝愿你旅途一切順利6.aswellas也，又；和……一樣好（可連接并列的名詞，代詞，形容詞，動(dòng)詞，介詞短語(yǔ)等；注意:連接兩謂語(yǔ)時(shí),兩動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)要保持一致）[短語(yǔ)歸納]asgoodas和......一樣好aswell也，又（常做狀語(yǔ)），相當(dāng)于too；also[典例]1)Shecansingaswellashersister.她唱得和她姐姐一樣好。2)Hedirectedaswellasactinthefilm.他導(dǎo)演了這部影片并且在里邊扮演了角色。3)Iamgoingtostudyabroadandmybrotherisgoingaswell.我要到國(guó)外留學(xué)，我弟弟也要去。4)Hisstoryisasgoodasaplay.他的故事很有趣。三.重點(diǎn)句子1.Sheisproudtohavetakenpartincompetitionsandtohavebrokenarecordbyrunningtwolaps(800metres)thisyear.她很驕傲她參加了比賽而且在今年的800米長(zhǎng)跑中打破了記錄。[解釋]tohavetakenpartin…為不定式的完成時(shí)，表示的動(dòng)作在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作前發(fā)生，意為“已經(jīng)做了”。[典例]Iamsorrytohavekeptyouwaitingforsuchalongtime.對(duì)不起，讓你等了那么久。AIDSissaidtohavebeenthebiggesthealthchallengetobothmenandwomeninthatareaoverthepastfewyears.據(jù)說(shuō)，在過(guò)去的幾年里，愛(ài)滋病已經(jīng)成為那個(gè)地區(qū)男性以及女性的最大的健康隱患。2.Thefewwhocannotseetherealpersoninsidemybodydonotmakemeannoyed,andIjustignorethem.有些同學(xué)看不到我的內(nèi)心世界,但我并不生氣，只是不理會(huì)他們罷了。[解釋]seetherealpersoninsideone’sbody“了解某人內(nèi)心深處”是一種比較形象的說(shuō)法。[典例]InthefilmtheBlackBook,thecaptaincannotfindafriendwhoisabletoseetherealpersoninsidehisbody.在電影《黑皮書》中，那個(gè)上尉無(wú)法找到一個(gè)可以理解他的朋友。3.Ihaveaverybusylifewithnotimetositaroundfeelingsorryformyself.生活太忙了，我可沒(méi)時(shí)間閑坐著顧影自憐。[解釋]“sitaround”無(wú)所事事；feelingsorryformyself現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)做伴隨狀語(yǔ)。[典例]Sheisnotthetypetositarounddoingnothing.她不是那種閑坐著無(wú)所事事的人。Abeggarsitsaroundstaringatthelastleafonthetree.有個(gè)乞丐閑坐著，眼睛盯著樹上的最后的一片葉子。Don’tsitaround,it’stimetosetdowntoyourwork.別閑坐了，到時(shí)間干活了。4.Justacceptthemforwhotheyare,andgivethemencouragementtoliveasrichandfullalifeasyoudo.接受他們的現(xiàn)狀，并給他們予鼓勵(lì)，讓他們和你們一樣過(guò)著豐富多彩而充實(shí)的生活。[解釋]…toliveasrichandfullalifeasyoudo.具有以下結(jié)構(gòu)“as+adj.+a/an+n.+as”表示像……一樣的……[典例]MaryisasfriendlyagirlasJulie.Mary和Julie一樣友好Ihavenevermetwithascleveraboyasheisbefore,whohasreallyimpressedmeagreatdeal.我從來(lái)沒(méi)見(jiàn)過(guò)像他一樣聰明的男孩,他的確給我留下了非常深刻的印象.例1.Hedoesn’tlikework.______,heislazy.A.nevermind B.allinall C.inotherwords D.inmanyways例2.Thenewpolicywill______theeldersalotthatpeopleover65cantakebusesfreeofcharge.A.discount B.support C.approve D.benefit例3.Forprofessionalathletes,______totheOlympicsmeansthattheyhaveachancetoenterthehistorybooks.A.appeal B.attachment C.access D.approach例4.Shefulfilledher______tobecomethefirstwomantorunthe10000metresin30minutes.A.intention B.attempt C.attention D.ambition例5.Theworldwillbedifferent,andwewillhavetobepreparedto______thechange.A.adaptto B.adoptto C.applyto D.devoteto基礎(chǔ)演練一.單項(xiàng)選擇1.—Areyougladtohearfromher?—Ofcourse.___________,welastmetmorethanthirtyyearsago.A.What'smore B.Thatistosay C.Inotherwords D.Believeitornot2.Hehurriedtothestationonly_______thatthetrainhadleft.A.tofind B.finding C.found D.tohavefound3.Halfwayupthemountainwestoppedto______________.A.keepourbreath B.holdourbreath C.beoutofbreath D.takebreath4.Theworldwillbedifferent,andwewillhavetobepreparedto________thechange.A.adaptto B.adoptto C.applyto D.devoteto5.Tomwasveryangryabout________toMary'sbirthdayparty.A.notinviting B.beingnotinvited C.notbeinginvited D.nottobeinvited鞏固提高二.根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容完成下面語(yǔ)法填空，注意單詞拼寫和詞語(yǔ)用法:Martyisa1(able)boy2suffersfromamuscledisease.Hedoesn’tlookanydifferencefromotherpeoplebutinfactheistooweaktogotoschoolsometimes.Hefeels3(annoy)afterhis4(缺席)fromschool.Butheisoutgoingandhethinkshavinga5(disable)doesn’tmeanhislifeisnot6(滿意的).Helearnstoadapt7hispresentlife.Hisdiseasehelpshimgrowstronger8(psychology)andbecomemore9(獨(dú)立的).Hehopeshealthypeoplecangivethedisabledmore10(encourage)inlife.一.完成句子1.Hesentthemanemail,___________.(congratulate)他給他們發(fā)送了電子郵件，祝賀他們?nèi)〉贸晒Α?.Doyoumindathomewhileyouareatwork.(leave)他是否外出工作時(shí)，湯姆一個(gè)人留在家里。3.Inourcountry,everyboyandeverygirleducation.(access)在我國(guó)男孩和女孩都有受教育的權(quán)利。4.Thegrannyissooldastobegoingonlyashortdistance.這老奶奶太老了以致于才走了短短的路就上氣不接下氣了。5.Weinhernewjob.我們祝愿她的工作順利。二.根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，用括號(hào)內(nèi)所提供詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1)The______girlswimswellinspiteofher_______.(disable)2)Robertisavery_______manandoneofhis______istotravelinAntarctica.(ambition)3)Ifyouwanttobea_______,youshouldworkhardat______andcarefor______situations.(politics)4)Itisknowntoallthatfreshairis_______toourhealthandthenewpark______usall,soweshouldkeepitclean.(benefit)5)Thisconcertwas_______byafamous_______fromVienna.(conduct)6)Praiseactsasan______totheplayers,andthereforetheywillfeel______andgetthe_______tocontinueandimprovetheirperformance.(encourage)7)Mybrother______fromawell-knownAmericanuniversity.Myparentsattendedhis_______ceremonyyesterday.(graduate)8)Whensomeone______othersontheirsuccess,heorsheusuallysays“_______”.(congratulate)9)Jobsexist,buttheyarenot(suit)forpeoplelikeyouwhohavenoambitionforfuture.10）Theclassroomwasso(noise)thatIcouldn’tconcentrateonmystudy.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________一.單項(xiàng)選擇1.（2015北京高考）____theearlyflight,weorderedataxiinadvanceandgotupveryearly.A.Catching B.Caught C.Tocatch D.Catch2.Icouldn'tdomyhomeworkwithallthenoise_______.A.goingon B.goeson C.wenton D.togoon3.（2015豐臺(tái)一模）ThebookIwrotelastyear_______anditwillsooncomeout.A.printed B.willprint C.wasprinted D.isbeingprinted4.—Areallthetitlesofthearticles_______inthecontents?—Yes,all_______.A.listed,included B.listing,includesC.listed,including D.beinglisted,beingincluded5.She______thetableandsaidthedinnerwasready.A.lay B.laid C.lied D.lain6.（2014北京高考）Therearestillmanyproblemsbeforewearereadyforalongstayonthemoon.A.solving B.solved C.beingsolved D.tobesolved7.TheEnglishplay_________mystudentsactedatthenewyear’spartywasagreatsuccess.A.forwhich B.atwhich C.inwhich D.onwhich8.(2015北京高考)Itrulybelieve______beautycomesfromwithin.A.that B.where C.what D.why9.(2015北京高考)IfI_____itwithmyowneyes,Iwouldn’thavebelievedit.A.didn’tsee B.weren’tseeing C.wouldn’tsee D.hadn’tseen10.Shutthewindow,_________it’llgettoocoldinhere.A.so B.yet C.but D.otherwise二.完形填空WhenIcametomynewschoolthreeyearsago,IwassurprisedathowlonelyIfelt.Thenoneofmyclassmatesinvitedmetoherhouseforadinner36.Iwasalittleanxious,butfinallyIgladly37.Notreallyknowinghow38thebusrideshouldbe,I39whenIsawthelandmarks40onmyfriend’shand-drawnmap.ButwhenIgotcloseenoughtothe41,Ifoundnoneofthestreetswereshownonthemap.Iwas42onabusyroadwithcarsdrivingpastwithoutapersoninsight.Ihadno43whenthenextbuswouldcome,44whenabusdidcomeby,I45goton.ItoldthebusdriverwhereIwantedtogoandhesaidthatIhadcaughtthe46bus,butheletmestayon.Afterhehadfinishedhisscheduledbusroute,he47tohelpmeout.Igratefullyshowedhimmylittlehand-drawnmapbut48didnothelpmuch.Hefinally49meoffatamainroadtocatchadifferentbusandwas50thathecouldnothelpmemore.Afterafewminutesofwalking,Inoticedabuspullupbesideme.Itwasthe51busdriver.Heexplainedthathedidn’twanttoleavemethere52.Hesentoutacallandsomeoneradioedback,sayingthatthebusIneededtocatchwasabouttenminutesaway.AtlastImadeittothedinnerparty53Iwasoveranhourlate.Iamforeverthankfulforthe54thatthisbusdriverhadforme.Hisactofkindnesslefta55onmyheart.1.A.Meal B.Party C.Meeting D.time2.A.Accepted B.Refused C.Got D.received3.A.Far B.Difficult C.Long D.bad4.A.droveon B.walkedaway C.hurriedby D.gotoff5.A.Show B.Showing C.Shown D.toshow6.A.streetsigns B.tallbuildings C.trafficlights D.backyards7.A.Queuing B.Sitting C.Standing D.waiting8.A.Meaning B.Idea C.Problem D.way9.A.So B.Yet C.But D.still10.A.Suddenly B.Luckily C.Finally D.quickly11.A.Right B.Wrong C.Best D.fastest12.A.Supplied B.Refused C.Offered D.wanted13.A.It B.He C.She D.they14.A.Kept B.Dropped C.Drove D.turned15.A.Eager B.Worried C.Sorry D.disappointed16.A.Same B.Next C.Kind D.silly17.A.Helpless B.Lonely C.Unaccompanied D.alone18.A.After B.Although C.Until D.when19.A.Respect B.Concern C.Help D.love20.A.Mark B.Sign C.Symbol D.line閱讀理解詞數(shù):335完成時(shí)間:7分鐘難度:****AbadWorkingMemory(大腦的工作記憶)–thebrain’stemporarystoragebox--mayexplain,newresearchsuggests,whyonechildcannotreadhisorherhistorybookandanothergetslostinmath.Asmanyas10percentofschool-agechildrenmaysufferfrompoorworkingmemory.Britishresearcherssaidinareportlastweek,yettheproblemisrarelyidentified.“Youcanthinkofworkingmemoryasapuremeasureofyourchild’spotential.ManypsychologistsconsiderworkingmemorytobethenewIQ(智商),becausewefindthatworkingmemoryisoneofthemostimportantpredictors(預(yù)示物)oflearningability,”saidDr.TraceyAllowayofBritain’sDurhamUniversity.Manychildrenwithpoorworkingmemoryareconsideredlazyordull.Workingmemoryallowspeopletoholdintheirmindsanddealwithafewitems,suchastelephonenumbers,overashortperiodoftime.Allowaycomparesworkingmemorytoabox.Foradults,thebasicboxsizeisthoughttobethreetofiveitems.It’simportant,therefore,toputintherightthings.Irrelevant(不相關(guān)的)informationwillclutterworkingmemory.Thequestionmanyresearchersarestrugglingwithishowtohelpchildrenwiththisproblem,whichappearstobeclosely,relatedtoalackofattention.“Inchildrenwithlearningdifficulties,itbecomesahugeissue,especiallyaroundmiddleschool,whenthedemandsonworkingmemoryreall