北師大版高中英語必修三第9講：Unit9-Wheels-語法篇(學(xué)生版)

Unit9Wheels語法篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________掌握過去完成進行時的用法。2、掌握現(xiàn)在完成進行時與現(xiàn)在完成時的區(qū)別。一.現(xiàn)在完成進行時1.構(gòu)成：現(xiàn)在完成進行時由“have/hasbeen+動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成，第三人稱單數(shù)用has，其他各種人稱用have。2.用法：=1\*GB3①表示動作從過去某時開始并且一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并由可能持續(xù)下去。這個動作可能剛停止，也可能仍繼續(xù)進行下去，常與延續(xù)性動詞連用，并常帶有表示動作起訖時間的狀語，如sincelastweek,since1992等或由since引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句；也可以帶有時間表示時間長度的狀語，如foranhour,forafewdays,thesedays等。IhavebeenwatchingTVthewholeevening.我整個晚上一直在看電視。Tomhasbeenworkinghardsincethenewtermbegan.自從新學(xué)期開始，湯姆一直在努力學(xué)習(xí)。=2\*GB3②表示到目前為止的一段時間內(nèi)動作時斷時續(xù)、反復(fù)發(fā)生。Youhavebeentellingmenottobelatealltheway.一路上你反復(fù)告訴我不要遲到。=3\*GB3③表示動作剛剛結(jié)束，一般不再繼續(xù)，有時會指出結(jié)果。Ihavebeenplayingping-pongallthemorning,soI'msweating.整個上午我一直在打乒乓球，所以渾身是汗。I'vebeenpaintingthedoor,somyhandsaredirty.我一直在漆門，所以手很臟。=4\*GB3④表示某種感情色彩。Youhavebeendeceivingme.你一直在騙我。誤區(qū)警示：=1\*GB3①某些不能用于進行時態(tài)的動詞同樣不能用于現(xiàn)在完成進行時，但可以用于現(xiàn)在完成時，如：see,hear,know,like等。=2\*GB3②現(xiàn)在完成進行時多用延續(xù)性動詞=3\*GB3③瞬間性動詞（詞組）go,getup,come,marry,finish等不能用于現(xiàn)在完成進行時。二.現(xiàn)在完成進行時與現(xiàn)在完成時的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在完成進行時是兼有現(xiàn)在完成時和現(xiàn)在進行時二者基本特點的時態(tài)。由于它有現(xiàn)在完成時的特點，所以它可以表示某一動作對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果或影響，由于它由現(xiàn)在進行時的特點，所以它也可以表示某一動作的延續(xù)性、臨時性、重復(fù)性、生動性乃至感情色彩?，F(xiàn)在完成進行時和現(xiàn)在完成時的區(qū)別如下：時態(tài)基本語法功能動作的反復(fù)感情色彩現(xiàn)在完成進行時強調(diào)動作的持續(xù)可表示動作的反復(fù)可表示強烈的感情色彩現(xiàn)在完成時強調(diào)動作對現(xiàn)在的影響或產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果不表示動作的反復(fù)一般不表示感情色彩試比較：=1\*GB3①Hehaswrittenaletter.他寫了一封信。（信已寫好）Hehasbeenwritingaletter.他一直在寫一封信。（一直在寫信，尚未寫好）=2\*GB3②Haveyoumethimrecently?你最近見過他嗎？（不表示反復(fù)）Haveyoubeenmeetinghimrecently?你最近常和他見面嗎？（表示反復(fù)）=3\*GB3③Ihavewaitedforyoufortwohours.我等了你兩個小時。（表示事實）Ihavebeenwaitingforyoufortwohours.我一直等了你兩個小時。（表示不滿）例1.Themanager_____theworkershowtoimprovetheprogramsince9am.A.hastoldB.istellingC.hasbeentellingD.willhavetold例2.Thegirlhasagreatinterestinsportand_____badmintonclassestwiceaweekoverthelastthreeyears.A.tookB.istakingC.takesD.hasbeentaking例3.---Irememberyouwereatalentedpianistatcollege.Canyouplaythepianoforme?---Sorry,I____thepianoforyears.don'tplaywasn'tplayinghaven'tplayedhadn'tplayed例4.WhenIfirstmetBryanIdidn'tlikehim,butI____mymind.havechangedchangehadchangedwouldchange例5.Tom____inthelibraryeverynightoverthelastthreemonths.A.worksB.workedC.hasbeenworkingD.hadbeenworking例6.（2015福建高考）---WhereisPeter?Ican'tfindhimanywhere.---Hewenttothelibraryafterbreakfastand____hisessaythereeversince.A.wroteB.hadwrittenC.hasbeenwritingD.iswriting例7.（2014江西高考）---Tony,whyareyoureyesred?---I____uppeppersforthelastfiveminutes.A.cutB.wascuttingC.hadcutD.havebeencutting例8.（2014湖南高考）Sincethetimehumankindstartedgardening,we____tomakeourenvironmentmorebeautiful.A.tryB.havebeentryingC.aretryingD.willtry基礎(chǔ)演練一.用括號里所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Youknow,I(look)forajobforthreemonths,andthisismyfirstformalinterview.2.Thelittleboyisdirtyalloverbecausehe(play)inthemudallthemorning.3.He(read)inthelibraryoutsinceitopenedthismorning.4.Hereheis!We(wait)anxiouslyforhimsincelastnight.5.Shehas(live)hereeversinceshewasten.6.Bothofthem(be)inHongKongfortendays.7.Bothofthem(come)toHongKongtendaysago.二.單項選擇。1.Inordertofindthemissingchild,villagers______alltheycanoverthepastfivehours.A.did B.do C.haddone D.havebeendoing2.Shewassurprisedtofindthefridgeempty;thechildren______everything!A.hadbeeneating B.hadeaten C.haveeaten D.havebeeneating3.WhenAlicecametolife,shedidn'tknowhowlongshe______there.A.hadbeenlying B.hasbeenlying C.waylying D.haslain4.IhavetoseethedoctorbecauseI______alotlately.A.havebeencoughing B.hadcoughedC.coughed D.cough5.---Hello,Ididn'tknowyouwereinAmerica.Howlong______here?---Aboutoneyear.A.haveyoubeen B.are C.were D.hadyoubeen6.Mybrotherisanactor.He______inseveralfilmssofar.A.appears B.appeared C.hasappeared D.isappearing7.Thetelephone______fourtimesinthelasthour,andeachtimeit______formyroommate.A.hasrung;was B.hasbeenringing;wasC.hadrung;was D.rang;hasbeen8.---Howisyourgrandfather?---Mygrandfather______fortwoyears.A.died B.hasdied C.hadbeendied D.hasbeendead鞏固提高一.用括號里所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Halfanhour______(pass)sincethetrain______(leave).2.Mary______(lose)herpen.______you______(see)ithereandthere?3.______you______(find)yourwatchyet?4.---Areyouthirsty?---No,I______just______(have)someorange.5.We______already______(return)thebook.6.______they______(build)anewschoolinthevillage.7.I______(notfinish)myhomework.Canyouhelpme?二.單項選擇。1.---We'vespenttoomuchmoneyrecently.---Well,itisn'tsurprising.Ourfriendsandrelatives______aroundallthetime.A.arecoming B.hadcome C.werecoming D.havebeencoming2.Overthepastdecades,seaice______intheArcticasaresultofglobalwarming.A.haddecreased B.decreased C.hasbeendecreasing D.isdecreasing3.Pleasestoptohavearest.You______thewashingmachinethewholemorning.A.haverepaired B.wererepairing C.havebeenrepaired D.havebeenrepairing4.He______articlesforfournewspaperthesethreeyears,andhe______aboutfortyarticles.A.hasbeenwriting;haswritten B.iswriting;wroteC.iswriting;hasbeenwriting D.haswritten;haswritten5.Nowthatsheisoutofajob,Lucy______goingbacktoschool,butshehasn'tdecidedyet.A.hadconsidered B.hasbeenconsideringC.considered D.isgoingtoconsider6.---WouldyouliketogotoShanghai?---Yes.Inthelasttenyears,greatchanges______inShanghai.A.havebeenhappened B.havehappenedC.havetakenplace D.havebeentakenplace7.Thehousingprices______,butIdoubtwhethertheywillremainso.A.wentdown B.willgodownC.havegonedown D.weregoingdown8.Whenyouarehome,giveacalltoletmeknowyou______safely.A.arearriving B.havearrived C.hadarrived D.willarrive9.（2015北京高考）Inthelastfewyears,China______greatachievementsinenvironmentalprotection.A.hasmade B.hadmade C.wasmaking D.ismaking10.（2015陜西高考）Marty______reallyhardonhisbookandhethinkshe'llhavefinisheditbyFriday.A.worked B.hasbeenworking C.hadworked D.hasworked一.改錯題。1.Alltheseyearstheyarecontributingarticlestoourmagazine.2.Ihavebeendrinkingfivecupsofcoffeethisafternoon.3.WhathaveyoubeendoingbeforeyouleftOxford?4.It'sagoodjob.Haveyoudoneitallbyyourself?5.It'salongtimesinceyoucometoseeme.6.Alicedidn'tseemuchofHenrylately.7.I'mgladtotellyouthatyoupassedtheexam.二.單項選擇。1.---I'msureAndrewwillwinthefirstprizeinthefinal.---Ithinkso.He________foritformonths.A.ispreparing B.waspreparingC.hadbeenpreparing D.hasbeenpreparing2.Bythetimeherealizeshe________intoatrap,it'llbetoolateforhimtodoanythingaboutit.A.walks B.walked C.haswalked D.hadwalked3.Sofarthisyearwe_______afallinhousepricesbybetween5and10percent.A.saw B.see C.hadseen D.haveseen4.CathyistakingnotesofthegrammaticalrulesinclassatSunshineSchool,whereshe_______Englishforayear.A.studies B.studied C.isstudying D.hasbeenstudying5.Danny________hardforlongtorealizehisdreamandnowheispopular.A.works B.isworking C.hasworked D.hadworked6.---Ihavegotaheadache.---Nowonder.You_________infrontofthatcomputertoolong.A.work B.areworking C.havebeenworking D.worked7.Theunemploymentrateinthisdistrict_________from6%to5%inthepasttwoyears.A.hasfallen B.hadfallen C.isfalling D.wasfalling8.Nowthatsheisoutofjob,Lucy_______goingbacktoschool，butshehasn'tdecidedyet.A.hadconsidered B.hasbeenconsideringC.considered D.isgoingtoconsider9.---_______you_______himaroundthemuseumyet?---Yes.Wehadagreattimethere.A.Have;shown B.Do;show C.Had;shown D.Did;show10.---Hi,Tracy,youlookpale.---Iamtired.I_______thelivingroomallday.A.painted B.hadpaintedC.havebeenpainting D.havepainted__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________一、單項選擇。1.---Inmyopinion,thisEnglishTVplaycanhelpstudentstolearnnewwords.---_______,Ithinkit'stoohardtounderstand.A.Idon'tagree. B.WhynotC.Ican'tagreemore D.Sorry,I'mnotsure2.Afterdinner,shegaveMr.Smith______rideto______RedBridgeAirportwherehewouldstarthisfive-dayholiday.A.a;a B.a;/ C./;the D.the;a3.I_______alongthestreetlookingforaplacetoparkwhentheaccident_______.A.went;wasoccurring B.went;occurredC.wasgoing;occurred D.wasgoing;hadoccurred4.AsEnglishisgettingmoreandmoredifficulttolearn,mysonhas_______Englishnow.A.turnedon B.turnedoff C.turnedup D.turneddown5.Thetreatmentwillcontinueuntilthepatientreachesthepoint_______hecanwalkbyhimself.A.when B.which C.whose D.where6.Althoughthevalueofthepoundhasbeenfallingrecently,Britaincanstill_______withthehelpfromothercountries.A.pullthrough B.gothrough C.putthrough D.letthrough7._______totheleft,andyouwillfindthepath_______tothepark.A.Turn;leading B.Turned;toleadC.Havingturned;led D.Turning;leading8.---Justinkickedtheballintohisowngoal.---Thankstohisstupidityandwegot_______aswehadexpected.A.twicescoresasmany B.astwicemanyscoresC.twiceasscoresmany D.manytwiceasscores9._______thereissomethingelsetodiscuss,I'lldeclarethemeetingclosed.A.As B.While C.Since D.Unless10.---Thefactorywas_______firelastnight.---Someonemusthaveset